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The Cover
The photograph, courtesy Lick Observatory, shows the
M-31 Andromeda galaxy, which is considered similar
to our own in structure and size. Where the thought
balloons originate approximates the position of Earth
in this galaxy. The question-mark exclamation-mark
sequence is borrowed with thanks from Robert Crumb.
“We live one life...” is from p. 464 of the extraordinary
Collected Poems of Kenneth Patchen, 7967, 504 pp.
$3.95 from New Directions, J. B. Lippincott Co.,
East Washington Square, Philadelphia, PA 19105. The
cover was designed with Peter Bailey, San Francisco.
Why haven’t we seen a photograph of our whole galaxy
yet?
Th 1S 1 ssue of the CATALOG is not complete. Innumerable
items that we still esteem (and still stock, if they're available
from us) were left out to make room for new material. We
will not attempt another comprehensive CATALOG until
the final one, Spring 1977.
This CATALOG is 16 pages larger and a dollar cheaper
than the last one. We lowered the price because Richard
Brautigan suggested it, because we can afford it now,
and because inflation is no way to live.
The shifting, whispering staff, at last census, was:
Production Store
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Hal Hershey layout } Lois Brand bookkeeper : Peter Ratner
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Fred Richardson photographer : Les Rosen bookkeeper } Mary Jo Morra
Steamboat layout : John Clark mail order ? Bernie Sproch
Ellen Hershey sundry George de Alth subscriptions +: Megan Raymond
Sarah Kahn editor + Russell Bass subscriptions : Pam Smith
Preparation of the CATALOG was done on an IBM Selectric
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Publications, Menlo Park.
The WHOLE EARTH CATALOG is published at Portola
Institute, 558 Santa Cruz Avenue, Menlo Park, California
94025 on the following schedule:
Fall CATALOG — November SpringCATALOG May
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CONTENTS
Whole Systems 4
Shelter and Land Use
Industry and Craft
Communications 62
Community 82
Nomadics 102
Learning 120
INDEX
* = new item
* AAA Adding Machine Company 74
* ABC of Reading 81
ACTING 69, 133
Adhesive Products 47
ADOBE 27
Adobe Construction Methods 27
Advance Electrical Sales, Inc. (tapes) 41
* Advertising Graphics 78
Age of Discontinuity 16
AGRICULTURE 7, 11, 31-34, 36, 37, 39,
61, 86, 96, 100, 130, 131
Agricultural Publications and Services 36
* An Agricultural Testament 33
* Aikido and the Dynamic Sphere 135
Airborne Sales 55
AIRPLANES 116, 118, 119
* Air Travel Bargains 118
Aladdin Kerosene Lamps 35
Alasco Rubber & Plastics Corp. 41
* Alaska Sleeping BagCo. 106
* Alaskan Mill . 25
Alicraft Tool & Supply 43
Allied Data Handbook 76
Allied Electronics for Everyone 76
Allied Industrial Electronics 76
Allied Radio 76
Altered States of Consciousness 137
* An Alternative Future for Americal! 87
* Alternatives Directories 88 ;
American Booksellers Association 79
American Boys Handy Book 125
Ameriean Cinematographer 68
American Cinematographer Manual 68
* American Indian Medicine 93
AMERICAN INDIANS 51, 93, 98, 102,
125, 137
* America’s Knitting Book 49
* American Plywood Association 25
* Animal Species and Evolution 10
ANTHROPOLOGY 11-13, 19, 31, 35, 63,
65, 81, 93, 98, 132, oo
* Applied World Saving 7
ARCHITECTURE 4, 18-20, 22, 24-30, 39,
51, 56, 75, 130, 140
* Architecture: A Book of Projects for Young
Adults 130
Architectural Design 29
Architectural Graphic Standards 29
Architectural Research on Structural
Potential of Foam Plastics for Housing
in Underdeveloped Areas 40
* Arcology: The City in the Image of Man 19
Armchair Shopper's Guide 96
Arno Adhesive Tapes, Inc. 41
Arrowhead Mills, Inc. 82
ART 8, 19, 43, 46, 50, 62-65, 78, 81, 124
Art and Illusion 62
* The Art of Blacksmithing 45
* Art of Organ-Building 51
Artist's Handbook of Materials and
Techniques 50
Arts & Crafts 43
Ashley Thermostatic Wood Burning
Circulator 38
ASTRONOMY 5, 13, 16, 58, 115, 125,
128, 130
* The Attractive Universe 130
Audel Guides 24, 52
*® Audio Cyclopedia 77
* Auto Engines and Electrical Systems 113
AUTO REPAIR 112, 113
* Avon Inflatable Boat 114
Barbour 197
* Basic Electricity 77
* Basic Electronics 77
* Basic Graphics 66
* Basic Mathematics for Electronics 77
* BD—4 Homebuilt Airplane 116
L.L. Bean 104
*® Be Expert with Map and Compass 117
Behrend’s Book 68
* Bibliography of Basic Survival 119
* A Bicycle Page For You 111
BICYCLES 111
* Bill Boatman & Co. 99
Birth Control Handbook 92
Black's 107
BLACKSMITHING 45
Blackwell's Books, England 79
® Boatbuilding 115
BOATS 114, 115, 119
Boffing Equipment 97
Book of Survival 119
44, 78, 79, 124
Bookmak ing
BOOKS 78- 100, 128
* Bottle Cutter 97
BRAIN 67, 132, 134-38
*® Brains, Machines and Mathematics 67
*® Breaking and Training the Stock
Horse
Brent Potter's Wheel 46
Brookstone Tools 54
* Buchla Synthesizer 70
Building a Log House 24
Building Maintenance 24
BUILDING MATERIALS 26-28, 39-41,
43, 51, 53, 56, 115, 130
* Build-it-yourself Science Laboratory 128
BUSINESS EQUIPMENT 39, 53, 57, 74
BUYING CHEAP 36, 39, 54-56, 79, 94,
95, 100, 105, 115, 116, 118
*® Byways in Handweaving 48
* Cadco Plastics 53
H. A. Calahan, Inc. (paints) 41
Camp and Trail Outfitters 106
* Campbell Tools 55
CAMPING 24, 25, 35,84, 102-108,
110, 125
CAMPING EQUIPMENT 35, 82, 93,
104-107, 117, 119
Camping and Woodcraft 102
* Card Weaving Cards 48
CARPENTRY 22-25, 27, 42-44
* Carpentry and Building 24
* Cascades 74
CASTING 43, 47
* Catalog for Learning Things 130
Caulking Compounds 4
CeCoCo 39
* Cement Mason’s Manual for Residential
Construction 23
* Centering 136
* Ceramics: Potter's Handbook 46
* Ceramic Supplies 47
CHAIN SAW 25
*® Chain Saw Parts 25
* Challenge for Survival 7
Champagne Living on a Beer Budget 94
*® Character of Physical Law 13
* Charts 114
CHEAP TRAVEL 118
CHEMISTRY 33, 52, 57, 99, 128, 129, 134
CHILDBIRTH 92, 120
Childcraft 120
* Childlife 120
CHILDREN 42, 92, 93, 120-125
*Children’s Games in Street and
Playground 124
Chow Belt 82
Classic Guitar Construction 70
*Clay and Glazes for the Potter 46
Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and
Technical Information 59
*Climate Near the Ground 39
*Colonial Craftsmen 44
*®Colonial Living 44
*Commonsense Childbirth 92
COMMUNE 18, 19, 35, 39, 83, 86, 88, 89,
98, 104, 110, 126
Community Playthings 120
The Complete Walker 102
* Composition of Foods 84
* Composting 37
Concrete 41
Concrete Boatbuilding, Its Technique
and Its Future 24
Concrete Improvements for Farm
and Ranch 23
* Concise Guide to Library Research 128
Constantine's Wood Catalog 43
* Construction Bargaineer 39
Consumer Reports 95
COOKING 82-85, 102, 108
Cope Plastics 41
Corona Hand Mill 82
SCHOOLS 131
Cosmic View
COSMOS 4, 6. 12-14, 16, 64, 65, 125,
128, 130
Craft and Hobby Book Service 51
* Craftool 44
*® Craftsman Wood Service 43
CRAFT SUPPLIES 43, 44, 46-49
Creative Playthings 120
*® Critical Path Method 75
Cuisenaire Rods 122
*® Culture is Our Business 81
* Cultivator’s Handbook of Marijuana 31
CUM Yarn Samples 49
*Current Contents 52
CYBERNETICS 4, 10, 12, 15, 63, 66, 67,
D
Dear Dr. Hippocrates 90
DEATH 12, 16,89, 91, 119, 121, 132, 133,
137, 139
Deeds Design Associates (foam) 40
Defender Industries 115
* Del TradingPost 51
James L. Denier Co. (aluminum fittings) 41
* Desert Plants and People
DESIGN 4, 15, 19, 20, 29, 30, 51, 56, 58,
60, 61, 64, 66, 75, 78, 79, 124, 130
Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures 23
Design of Design 61
* Design and Planning2 75
* Diderot Pictorial Encyclopedia of Trades
and Industry 51
Direct Use of the Sun’s Energy 61
* Directory of Accredited Private Home
Study Schools 131
Directory of Free Schools 88
* Directory for Personal Growth 88
® Directory of Social Change 88
DOGS 99, 108, 125
* Do-It-Yourself Encyclopedia 24
* Domebook One 18
Dome Cookbook 29
DOMES 4, 15, 18-22, 29, 30, 40, 41, 98,
106, 130
* Domestic Water Supply and Sewage Disposal
Guide 24
Douglas & Sturgess (foam) 40
DRAWING 43, 62, 68, 78
* Dream 67
DRUGS 31,34
134, 135
*Drugs from AtoZ: A Dictionary 134
Duo Fast California (staples) 41
DYEING 49,50
Dye Plants and Dyeing 49
21
Dyna Domes
Earth 5, 11, 13, 31, 64,80, 89, 125, 128
Earth Flag 89
Earth from Moon 5
Earth Photographs from Gemini
Hl, IV and V
Earth Photographs from Gemini
VI through 5
Earth Poster 5
*Earth Times 8
* Eastern Mountain Sports, Inc. 106
ECOLOGY 6-11, 31-33, 37, 38, 61, 82, 89,
97, 111, 117, 118, 125, 130
ECONOMICS 4, 6-9, 17, 44, 74, 81, 87, 94
Ecotactics 9
Eddie Bauer 105
Edmund Scientific 129
* Education of Vision 64
Educator's Guide to Free Films 127
EduVision 120
Elastic Boat Paints 41
* Electrical Code for One- and Two-Family
Dwellings 24
* Electric Guitar Amplifier Handbook 71
* Electric Motors 52
ELECTRICITY 23, 24, 38, 52, 77, 129, 135
ELECTRONIC MUSIC 70
ELECTRONICS 53, 70, 71, 76, 77, 112, 135
Elementary Science Study 129
* Elements of Radio 77 /
EI Molino Mills 82
Emergency Medical Guide 91
Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening 32
* Encyclopedia of U.S. Government Benefits 101
ENGINEERING 4, 15, 18, 20, 26, 29, 30, 39,
57, 58, 77, 113, 115, 128, 130
* Engineer's Iilustrated Thesaurus 56
Envirom
Environment 31
* Environmental Handbook 9
Erewhon Trading Company 82
* Estrin Potter’sWheels 46
EVOLUTION 4, 10-13, 15-17, 61, 64
* Evolution and Culture 10
* Excreta Disposal for Rural Areas and Small
Explorers Trademart Log 117
Fair Radio SalesCo. 76
* Fannie Farmer Cookbook 83
Federal Domestic Assistance 100
FERRO-CEMENT 23, 24, 27, 41
Ferro Fiberglass Corp. 40
Fiberglass 40
Fieldbook for Boys and Men 125
FILM 7, 68, 69, 127
FIREWORKS 99, 125
121
, 53, 71, 85, 93, 97, 121,
* AFirst Abacus 122
*® First Steps in Winemaking 85
FISHING 27, 84, 104, 107, 109, 114, 125
* Fleming Bottle and JugCutter 97
Flexifirm Products 41
Flintkote Company (foam) 40
FLYING 116, 118, 119
FOAM 40
Foam Experiments 40
Foam Information 40
*® Folk Medicine 93
Follow Through Project 124
FOOD 7, 32-34, 36, 82-85, 105-107, 130
The Food Mill 82
Foods by Mail 82
Food Shopping Guide 82
FORMULAS 52, 57,99, 128, 129, 134
* The Foundation Directory 101
* Foundations of Modern Art 63
* Fountain of Light 86
* Foxfire 45
* Friends 71
* Frontier Living 44
Frostline Outdoor Equipment 104
Full Earth 5
FULLER, R. Buckminster 4, 18, 20
FullerSun Dome 18
FUND RAISING 87, 101, 143
FUTURE *; 6-9, 12, 16, 17, 19, 31, 38, 61, 64, 87,
98, 131,
Futurist 7
Futuro 21
Gaco Western, Inc. (sealants) 41
GAMES 4, 74,97, 111, 123, 125, 135
Geodesics 20
GEOGRAPHY 4, 11, 19; 31, 58, 61, 98, 117
GEOMETRY 4, 13, 15, 18, 20, 28-30, 60, 64, 72,
73, 75, 124
Gestalt Therapy Verbatim 133
GLASS 28,50
Glass Plastics Marine 40
*® Glénans Sailing Manual 115
* Golden Handbooks 125
* B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co. 41
Gourmet Cooking for Free 84
Government Printing Office 100
Government Product-News 53
Government Publications 100
Graphic Work of M.C. Escher 73
GRAPHICS 29, 42, 43, 50, 62, 66, 78, 79
* Gravely Tractor 34
Green Revolution 86
* Grow Your Own 33
G.R. T.L.Co. (Plastics) 41
Guinness Book of World Records 131
Guide Book for Rural Cottage and Small and
Medium Scale Industries 39
* Guide to Filmmaking 69
*® Guide to Fresh and Salt Water Fishing 125
* Guide to the 1968 National Electrical Code 24
Guinness Book of World Records 131
GUITAR 70,71
Hallucinogens 134
* Hallwag Star Map 5
* Handbook for the Alaskan Prospector 108
Handbook for Building Homes of Earth 27
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 57
Handbook of Mathematical Functions 75
* Handbook of Stitches 49
* Handbook of Structure 30
* Hand Woodworking Tools 42
Heathkit 76
* Henley’s 52
Herter’s 106
*® High Fidelity Systems 77
HISTORY 11, 17, 19, 31, 44, 63, 65, 117, 124, 130
HITCH HIKING 118
* Hitchhiker’s Handbook 118
* Holubar 106
* Home Appliance Servicing 52
* Home Brewing Without Failures 85
* Home Canning of Fruits and Vegetables 84
* Home Freezing of Fruits and Vegetables 84
* Home Tanning and Leather Making Guide 109
HONG KONG 95
Horses 110
* Horses, Hitches and Rocky Trails 110
HOT SPRINGS 38, 117
House Carpentry Simplified 23
How Children Learn 120
How Many? 122
* How to Build Speaker Enclosures 70
* How to Build aStill 85
How to Grow Vegetables and Fruits by the
Organic Method 32
How to Have a Green Thumb Without an Aching
Back 32
* How to Improve Your Cycling 111
* How to Keep Your Volkswagen Alive 113
How to Live on Nothing 94
* How to Live With Your Special Child 121
* How to Parent 120
* How to Solve It 131
* How to Travel Without Being Rich 118
* How to Work With Tools and Wood 42
* Hubble Atlas of Galaxies 5
* Hughes Co. (instrument kits) 70
* Humanitas Curriculum 122
Humanitas Systems 135
Human Use of the Earth 11
Ideas and Integrities 4
| Know aPlace 124
* illustrated Method for Flute 71
a
75, 138
“
|
4
*The Image 63
impoverished Student’s Book of Cookery,
Drinkery, and Housekeepery 83
* in and Out the Garbage Pail 133
* Indecks Information Retrieval System 74
Indian Tipi 35
Index to 16mm Educational Films 127
INFLATABLE STRUCTURES 28, 30
Information 66
Initial Teaching Alphabet 122
Intelligent Life in the Universe 64
* Internal Factors in Evolution 10
* Introduction to Caving 109
* Introduction to Cybernetics 66
Introduction to Engineering Design 60
* Israel Army Physical Fitness Book 97
JEWELRY 43, 44, 47
*TheJob 1
Joy of Cooking 83
* Jug and Bottle Cutter 97
* Justice Without Trial 88
Kaiser Aluminum News 127
Kama Sutra Oil 97
Karry-Kit 82
Kelty Packs 107
KEROSENE LAMP 35
*Kilns 46
KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 82, 84
KITS 44, 46, 76, 85, 104, 116, 129, 130
* Klepper Folding Boat 114
* Klopfenstein Potter’s Wheel 46
* Knight's Modern Seamanship 115
KNITTING 49
* Knowing Your Trees 31
* Koehler Method of Dog Training 99
LABORATORY EQUIPMENT 53, 57, 74, 76,
85, 90, 128, 129, 134
* Laboratory Supplies Co. 53
Lafayette Radio Electronics 76
LAND USE 7, 19, 31, 34, 36, 37, 61, 86, 87,
98, 117
LANGUAGE 64, 65, 78, 123, 135
Lawsof Form 14
Lee Electric Flour Mills 82
LETTERING 43, 66, 78
LIBRARY 36, 51,52, 57, 59, 79, 80, 88, 98,
100, 101, 128, 129, 131, 136
*Liferaft Earth 7
LIFE Science Library 128
Life Support Technology, Inc. 119
Light Weight ets Equipment and How to
Make lt 104
* Listening Incorporated 70
LITERATURE 8,80, 81, 139
The Lives of Children 121
LOG HOUSE 24, 25
Looking and Seeing 124
*® Love and Will 133
LOVEMAKING 6,92,97
Low-Cost Wood Homes for Rural America—
Construction Manual
Lucis Trust Library 136
MACHINERY 39, 45, 52-57, 60, 76, 109,
116, 130
* The Machinery of the-Brain 67
Machinery’s Handbook 57
Macramé, The Art of Creative Knotting 49
MAIL ORDER SHOPPING 40, 41, 43, 53-55
76, 79, 80, 82, 95, 96, 104-107, 112, 114,
115, 116, 120, 129, 131
*Mankind 2000 17
Man-Made Fiber Producers Association 41
* Man-Made Object 64
Man‘s Presumptuous Brain 136
Man’s Role in Changing the Face of the
Earth 31
Manual of Simple Burial 89
* Manual of Ski Mountaineering 103
MAPS 5, 13, 36, 72, 73, 75, 114, 116-118, 125
Marine & Construction Products (Rubber) 41
MASONRY 22, 24, 130
* Masons and Builders Guide 24
* Master Mechanics Mfg. 55
Mathematical Models 72
Mathematical Snapshots 72
MATHEMATICS 4, 14, 20, 30, 57, 72, 73, 75,
77, 122, 128, 131
Mathematics, Its Content, Methods and
Meaning 73
* Matheson Scientific 53
MEDIA 68, 69, 78, 79, 81, 127, 135
Media and Methods 127
MEDICINE 13, 16, 34, 53, 9093, 97,
119-121, 133, 134, 136, 137
MEDITATION 14, 15, 87, 98, 103, 136-138
Meditation Cushions and Mats 136
* Meditation in Action 136
* Megavitamin Therapy 134
Membranes 41
Merck Index 90
Merck Manual 90
Metal Techniques for Craftsmen 47
* Michelin Maps and Guides 118
* Mildred Hatch Loan Library 82
Miracle Adhesive Corp (Tapes) 41
Mobay Chemical Co. (Foam) 40
Modern Plastics
Modern Plastics Encyclopedia 26
%* Modern Reading 122
Modern Utopian 86
*® Module Proportion Symmetry Rhythm 64
Moog Synthesizer
* Morgan's Tarot 65
* Mother Earth News 86
MOTORCYCLES 113
* Motorcycle Troubleshooting Guide 113
* Motor CycleWorld 113
Motor’s Truck Repair Manual 112
Motor Trend Basic Auto Repair Manual 112
Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills 103
* Movement Speakers Bureau 80
W. E. Mushet Co. (foam) 40
MUSIC 70,71
MUSIC INSTRUMENTS 51, 70,71
* Music Synthesizers 70
MYTH 12, 16, 19, 65, 81, 132, 139
* National Camera, Inc. 54
National Electrical Code 1968 24
National Fisherman 27
The Natural Way to Draw 62
* Nature and Art of Motion 64
* Nature and Man’s Fate 10
* Netcraft Fishing Tackle 114
New Age Natural Foods 82
* New England Divers 109
*® The New Gravity 13
* New Key to Weaving 48
New Mathematics Dictionary and Handbook 73
New Schools Exchange 126
New Scientist 58
New Sources of Energy 38
Nine Chains to the Moon 4
No More Secondhand God 4
NOSTALGIA 25, 35, 44, 45, 51, 74, 86, 93,
102, 107, 110, 124, 125
Observer's Handbook 5
*Ocaté Sleeping Bag 104
*O'’Dome 21
Olin Plastics (foam) 40
Olson Electronics 76
*Omen 8
*On Death and Dying 89
On Free Money 101
On Growth and Form 15
* Open Classroom 127
Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth 4
* Order inSpace 30
ORGANIC GARDENING 31-34, 36, 37, 83, 84
Organic Gardening and Farming 32
ORGANIZATION 4,9, 12, 15, 60, 61, 63, 64,
66, 75, 88, 89, 98, 126, 127
Ornyte Fiberglass Panels 41
Owner-Built Home 22
* Pacifica Potter's Wheel 46
*Palley’s Supply Co. 56
* Paprikas Weiss Gourmet Shop 84
* Parable of the Beast 11
PARAPSYCHOLOGY 16, 64, 65, 67, 78, 86,
132, 134, 136-139
PARTS 25, 53-56, 68, 77, 111-113, 116, 129
* Paxton Lumber 43
* Penn State Correspondence School 131
Perma-Pak 82
* The Peter serge 88
PHI ag ged 4,7,8, 12, 14, 15, 33, 65, 72,
73, 87,
PHYSICS. yy 13, 57-59, 77, 128, 129
* Piaget and Knowledge: Theoretical
Foundations 123
*PIC Design Corp. 53
Pioneer Posters 124
*Planecraft 42
Plans and the Structure of Behavior 138
*Plants and Gardens 34
*Plants and Man 130
PLASTIC 26, 40, 41, 50, 53
Plasticraft, Inc. (plastics) 41
* Plastics as an Art Form 50
* Plastics for Architects and Builders 26
PLUMBING 23, 24, 37, 96
* Pole, Paddle and Portage 114
POLITICS 4, 6-12, 14, 16, 17, 31, 80, 81, 86-89,
119, 135, 139
Poptent 107
Popular Science 59
POPULATION 6-11, 17, 31,92
The Population Bomb 6
Population, Evolution, and Birth Control 10
* Population, Resources, Environment 6
* A Potter's Book 46
*®Potter’s Wheels 46
Pottery 46
POTTERY MAKING 43, 46, 47
Practical Handbook of Plumbing and Heating 23
Practical Western Training 110
PRECISION TOOLS 52-54
Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Newborn, A
Manual for Rural Midwives 92
Harold A. Price & Co., Inc. (sealants) 41
* Procion Fiber Reactive Dyes 48
Product Engineering 58
* Professional Guide’s Manual 108
Protective Treatments, Inc. (tapes) 41
*® Psychological Exercises 132
PSYCHOLOGY 67, 88, 89, 93, 121-123,
132-134, 136, 137
* Psychology of the Child 123
* Psychology Today: An'tIntroduction 132
* Psychophysics Labs 135
* Putney Synthesizer 70
*Pyrotechnics 99
Quantity Recipes 83
RADIO 76, 77
* The Reader's Adviser 80
Recreational Equipment, Inc. 105
RELIGION 5,8, 11, 12, 14, 16, 65, 136-139
* Resources and Man
* Rise of the West 11
Rohm & Haas Co. (Plastics) 41
Rolling Stone 71
Rural Industry 39
*Saga Technical Associates 24
Sanitation and Health 37
* Sanitation Manual for Isolated Regions 37
Sauna: The Finnish Bath 93
* The Savage Mind 132
Savcote of California (paints) 41
SCHEDULING 60, 61, 75
SCHOOL MATERIALS 18, 21, 42-44, 46, 70,
74, 76, 83, 97, 98, 100, 101, 120, 122, 124,
127-130, 134
SCHOOLS 88, 98, 120, 121, 126, 127, 131
Abe Schuster Fiberglass 41
SCIENCE 4-7, 10-13, 15, 53, 57-59, 80, 117,
128-130
*Science Books 80
Science Magazine 59
Science Materials Catalog 129
Scientific American 58
Scientific American Offprints 129
*SCR Manual 77
SCUBA 1
* Sculpture in Plastics 50
Sealants 41
Sears 41,96
Security Parachute Co. 41
Seeds and Trees by Mail 36
700 Science Experiments for Everyone 129
SEWING 48
* Shelter and Society 19
* Ship Captain’s Medical Guide 91
* The Sierra Club Wilderness Handbook 103
Sierra Designs 105
SILK SCREEN 50
Silvo Hardware 54
* Simple Working Models of Historic Machines 130
Simplified Carpentry Estimating 23
SkiHut 105
* Skills for Taming the Wilds 108
Skin and Scuba Diving 109
Skylights 41
* Sky Observer’s Guide 125
SLEEPING BAG 104, 105
* Small Parts, Inc. 54
Smilie Company 106
Snugli Baby Carrier 93
SOCIAL CHANGE 8, 12, 13, 16, 19, 71, 80,
86, 88, 89, 98, 101, 119, 121, 126, 133, 135
*So Human an Animal 13
Soil-Cement—Its Use in Building 27
* Soil Conservation Service—USDA 34
Soil Test Kit 33
SOLAR ENERGY 38, 61, 107, 129
Solar Stills 38
Soldner Potter’s Wheel 46
*Sole-Saver 118
SOUND EQUIPMENT 51, 70, 71, 77
* Sourcebook on the Space Sciences 128
* Soybean Cookbook 83
* So You'd Like to Buy an Airplane 116
* Space Enclosure Systems 30
Space Grid Structures 20
* Spanish Mustang Horse 110
SPEAKERS 71,80
* Sportsman's Trading Posts of America, Inc. 115
Standard Products Co. (Neoprene gaskets) 41
Star Maker
Start Your Own School 126
Star Maker 16
* Starrett Book for Student Machinists 57
* Start Your Own School 126 ,
* Step-by-Step Jewelry 42
Step-by-Step Macramé 42
*® Step-by-Step Printmaking 42
* Step-by-Step Weaving 42
Step toMan 12
Stick and Rudder 116
Stokes Molded Products (hinges) 41
* Stone Shelters 22
* Stoneware and Porcelain 46
* The Story of Language 65
STOVES 38, 104-107
* Strategy & Tactics 74
* The Stress of Life 16
*Structural Design in Architecture 20
*Structure in Art and in Science 64
The Subversive Science 7
*Successful Sewing 49
* Successful Wine Making at Home 85
*Superior Bulk Film 68
Supply and Demand 74
SURPLUS 39, 54-56, 68, 74, 76, 100, 115
Surplus Center Equipment Catalogs 54
Surplus Defense Supply 100
SURVIVAL 82, 84, 91, 93, 102, 103, 107,
108, 114, 117, 119 .
Survival Book 119
* Survival Evasion and Escape 119
Sweet's Files 28
*Synergy 98
Syntercrete Corporation 41
*® Take One
* The Tao of Science 15
Tao Teh King 14
* TAP (fiberglass tapes) 41
Tapes 41
Teaching as a Subversive Activity 126
The Teachings of Don Juan 137
Technicians of the Sacred 65
* Technique of Stained Glass 50
* Technology and Change 61
Teg’s 1994
Tektronix 76
Tensile Structures 28
TENT 35, 106
THEATER 69
Thermal Springs of the United States and
other Countries of the World 117
*Things Maps Don’t Tell Us 13
This Magazine is About Schools 126
Thomas Register of American
Manufacturers 57
*Thought Forms 78
*Threads in Action 49
3m Company 41
*Three Pillars of Zen 136
*Tie and Dye 50
*Timelock 4
TIP! 35
TOOL CATALOGS 339, 43, 53-56, 68, 76, 84,
96, 107, 112, 115, 116, 129, 130
*Tools and Rules for Precision Measuring 52
*Towards a Poor Theater 69
TOYS 43, 44, 76,99, 120, 122, 125
TRACTOR 34
Trade-a-Plane 116
Transparent Products Corp (Mylar) 41
Travaco Laboratories (paints) 41
TRAVEL 16,95, 117-119, 134
Traveler's Directory 118
Traditional Country Craftsmen 45
Tri-Wall Containers, Inc. (Laminite
cardboard)
* Two Factor Theory 87
* Understanding Foundations 101
* Underwater Prospecting Techniques 109
* Underwater Work 109
Unexpected Universe 12
Unistrut
Unity Buying Service 95
Untitled Epic of Industrialization 4
* Up the Organization
Used Plane Buying Guide 116
* U.S. Divers 109
U.S. General Supply Corp 55
U.S. G.S. Topographic Maps 117
U.S. GOVERNMENT STUFF 34, 36, 53, 59,
100, 101, 116, 117, 119
* U.S. Plywood Corp. 41
*® Utopia or Oblivion 4
4
* Valtox Drug Identification Kit 134
*®Velodur 51
* Venison Book 84
Village Planning in the Primitive World 98
Village Technology Hand’
* Vision and Value Series 64
VITA—USA 39
Vocations for Social Change 89
Volkswagen Technical Manual 112
*Walden 87
Walnut Acres 82
Wards 41, 96
Warmlite Tent 107
Wasco Skydome 41
WATER SUPPLY 24, 37-39, 96, 119
* Water Supply for Rural Areas and Small
Communities 37
The Way Things Work 60
WEATHER 31, 39, 115, 116, 125
*Weather 125
WEAVING 48, 49
*Weaving is for Anyone 48
West Point Pepperell (Nylon fabrics) 41
*West Products 115
Western Distributors 113
* White Water Handbook for Canoe and
Kayak 114
J.C. Whitney Automotive Accessories and
Parts 112
* Whole Earth Catalog 80
Whole Earth Rising 5
WILD FOOD 34, 84, 93, 102, 108, 109, 114, 119
The Wilderness Cabin 25
Windmills 38
WINE-BEER MAKING 32,53, 85, 107
WIRING 23, 24, 76, 77
Wiring Simplified 23
Wittenborn and Co. 79
WOOD 24, 25, 27,43
Woodcraft Supply 43
World of Mathematics 72
* Writing and !iuminating and Lettering 78
YARN 49
A Yaqui Way of Knowledge 137
Year 2000 17
* Your Futureln... 131
* Your Handspinning 48
Yurt 25
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Whole Systems
Buckminster Fuller
The insights of Buckminster Fuller initiated this catalog.
Among his books listed here, Utopia or Oblivion is now
probably the most direct introduction. It’s a collection of
his talks and papers from 1964 to 1967, at a bargain price.
An Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth is his most
recent, and succinct, statement. Nine Chains to the Moon
is early, and openly metaphysical. The Untitled Epic of
Industrialization is /yrical and strong. Ideas and Integrities
is his most autobiographical, and perhaps the most self-
contained of his books. No More Secondhand God is
the most generalized, leading into the geometry of thought.
People who beef about Fuller mainly complain about his repetition—
*
Utopia or Oblivion
R. Buckminster Fuller
1969; 366 pp.
$1.25 postpaid
from:
Bantam Books
666 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Don’t attempt to reform man. An adequately organized environment
will permit humanity’s original, innate capabilities to become success-
ful. Politics and conventionalized education have sought erroneously
to mold or reform humanity, i.e., the collective individual.
the same ideas again and again, it’s embarrassing. It is embarrassing,
also illuminating, because the same notions take on different uses
when re-approached from different angles or with different contexts.
Fuller's lectures have a raga quality of rich nonlinear endless
improvisation full of convergent surprises.
Some are put off by his language, which makes demands on your
head like suddenly discovering an extra engine in your car——if you
don't let it drive you faster, it'll drag you. Fuller won’t wait. He
spent two years silent after illusory language got him in trouble,
and he returned to human communication with a redesigned
instrument.
Ideas and Integrities
Buckminster Fu Buckminster Fuller
1963; 318 pp. 1963; 163 pp.
$1.95 postpaid $2.25 postpaid
from: from:
Collier Books Southern IIlinois University Press
The MacMillan Company 600 West Grand
Order Dept Carbondale, Illinois 62903
Front and Brown Streets
Riverside, N. J. 08075
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
You belong to the universe. The significance of you will forever remain obscure
to you, but you may assume that you are fulfilling your significance if you apply
yourself to converting all your experiences to highest advantage of others. You
and all men are here for the sake of other men.
e
| define “synergy” as follows: Synergy is the unique behavior of whole systems,
unpredicted by behavior of their respective sub-systems’ events.
[Ideas and Integrities]
No More Secondhand God
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
(Utopia or Oblivion]
Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth
Buckminster Fuller
1969; 143 pp.
$4.25 postpaid from:
Southern Illinois University Press
600 West Grand
Carbondale, Illinois 62903
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
For $4.95 you can get a paperback called Environment
and Change which has an identical “Operating Manual”
along with 24 other futuristic articles, including fine
pieces by R. G. H. Siu, John R. Platt, Herman Kahn,
Robert Theobald, Gunnar Myrdal, David Buzelon,
and John Turner.
from:
University of Indiana Press
P.O. Box 369
Bloomington, Indiana 47401
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Nine Chains to the Moon
Buckminster Fuller
1938, 1963; 375 pp.
$2.45 postpaid from:
Southern Illinois University Press
600 West Grand
Carbondale, Illinois 62903
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Common to all such “human” mechanisms—and without which they are
imbecile contraptions—is their guidance by a phantom captain.
To begin our position-fixing aboard our Spaceship Earth we must
first acknowledge that the abundance of immediately consumable,
obviously desirable or utterly essential resources have been
sufficient until now to allow us to carry on despite our ignorance.
Being eventually exhaustible and spoilable, they have been adequate
only up to this critical moment. This cushion-for-error of
humanity’s survival and growth up to now was apparently provided
just as a bird inside of the egg,is provided with liquid nutriment to
develop it to a certain point. But then by design the nutriment is
exhausted at just the time when the chick is large enough to be able
to locomote on its own legs. And so as the chick pecks at the shell
seeking more nutriment it inadvertently breaks open the shell.
Stepping forth from its initial sanctuary, the young bird must now
forage on its own legs and wings to discover the next phase of its
regenerative sustenance.
Brain deals exclusively with the physical, and mind exclusively
with the metaphysical. Wealth is the progressive mastery of
matter by mind. ...
A new, physically uncomprised, metaphysical initiative of unbiased
integrity could unify the world. It could and probably will be
provided by the utterly impersonal problem solutions of the
computers.
Possession is becoming progressively burdensome and wasteful
and therefore obsolete.
*
You and | are inherently different and complementary.
Together we average as zero—that is, as eternity.
[Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth]
The Untitled 7 of Industrialization
R. Buckminster Fuller
1963; 227 pp.
$1.95 postpaid from
Simon & Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10020
However,
man unconcernedly sorting mail on an express train.
with unuttered faith that
the engineer is competent,
that the switchmen are not asleep,
that the track walkers are doing their job,
that the technologists
who designed the train and the rails
knew their stuff,
that the thousands of others
whom he may never know by face or name
are collecting tariffs,
paying for repairs,
and so handling assets
that he will be paid a week from today
and again the week after that,
and that all the time
his family is safe and in well being
without his personal protection
constitutes a whole new era of evolution—
the first really ‘‘new”
This phantom captain has neither weight nor sensorial tangibility, as has
often been scientifically proven by careful weighing operations at the
moment of abandonment of the ship by the phantom captain, i.e., at the
instant of ‘‘death.”’ He may be likened to the variant of polarity
dominance in our bipolar electric world which, when balanced and unit,
vanishes as abstract unity 1 or 0. With the phantom captain's departure,
the mechanism becomes inoperative and very quickly disintegrates into
since the beginning of the spoken word.
In fact, out of the understanding
innate in the spoken word
was Industrialization wrought
after milleniums
of seemingly whitherless spade work.
basic chemical elements.
An illuminating rationalization indicated
that captains—being phantom, abstract,
infinite, and bound to other captains by
a bond of understanding as proven by
their recognition of each other's signals
and the meaning thereof by reference to
acommon direction (toward “‘perfect’’)—
are not only all related, but are one and
the same captain. Mathematically, since
characteristics of unity exist, they can-
not be non-identical.
Thinking is a putting-aside, rather than a putting-in discipline, e.g., putting aside
the tall grasses in order to isolate the trail into informative viewability. Thinking
is FM—frequency modulation—for it results in tuning-out of irrelevancies as a
result of definitive resolution of the exclusively tuned-in or accepted feed-back
messages’ pattern differentiability.
[“Omnidirectional Halo’’ No More Secondhand God] general. Christ and his counterparts
Since Yogi is a personalized art, the art
dies with the person. The abstract power
involved remains as real and*true, always,
but it cannot be made utilizable in
increasing continuity for the world in
realized this and were unique in their
My recommendations for a curriculum of design science:
1. Synergetics 7. Communications
2. General systems theory 8. Meteorology
3. Theory of games (Von 9. Geology
Neumann) 10. Biology
4. Chemistry and physics 11. Sciences of energy
5. Topology, projective 12. Political geography
geometry 13. Ergonomics
6. Cybernetics 14. Production engineering
Here on Southern Illinois’ campus we are going to set up a
great computer program. We are going to introduce the many
variables now known to be operative in economics. We will
store all the basic data in the machine’s memory bank; where
and how much of each class of the physical resources; where
are the people, what are the trendings——all kinds of trendings
of world man?
Next we are going to set up a computer feeding game, called
“How Do We Make the World Work?” We will start playing
relatively soon. We will bring people from all over the world
to play it. There will be competitive teams from all around
earth to test their theories on how to make the world work.
{f a team resorts to political pressures to accelerate their
advantages and is not able to wait for the going gestation
rates to validate their theory they are apt to be in trouble.
When you get into politics you are very liable to get into war.
War is the ultimate tool of politics. If war develops the
side inducing it loses the game.
[Utopia or Oblivion]
refusal to apply this power to self ends.
It was this personal limitation of the Yogi
art which led the prosaic philosophers to
search further. They sought a means of
limitless articulation.
[Nine Chains to the Moon]
Timelock
42 years ago this prime statement on industrially produced
housing apparently fell on deaf ears. Except for the boom in
house-trailers (unexpected, unsubsidized, and still harassed
by laws), we are still far from realization of this economic
and ecological path of least resistance. Americans continue
to build fortresses to live in.
[Suggested by Steve Baer]
from:
Lama/Cookbook Fund
Corrales, NM 87048
$1 postpaid
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
[Untitled Epic of Industrialization]
Your greatest artists today are designing for mass production in
print, fabric and even radio, etc. Industry makes possible one more
dimension in design, fourth dimension. In all design today we use
synthetic materials, or recomposition of elements, to perform best
a given function. A material before it reaches its final lodging,
Passes through many hands, and over much space, and therefore
to be efficient and pleasing, must have no unnecessary weight.
When it reaches its destiny, how long will it stay there? For the
time limit of its existence. The fourth dimension is time.
WE WILL HAVE ARRIVED AT OUR NEW ARTISTIC ERA OF
ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION, WHEN OUR BUILDINGS HAVE
LOST THEIR LAST TRACE OF FEUDALISTIC OPPRESSIVE-
NESS; WHEN OUR BUILDINGS ARISE IN CONCENTRATED
CENTRAL HIDDEN AREA OF COMPRESSION, IN OPPOSITION
TO GRAVITY, BY MEANS OF MAST OR CAISON’ REACH OUT
IN SPACE FROM THE VERTICAL BY TENSION AND COM-
PRESSION, COMPRESSION DIMINISHING DIRECTLY AS WE
RECEDED FROM THE VERTICAL UNTIL THE BUILDING
FINALLY FLOWS DOWNWARD IN PURE TENSION.
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Cosmic View
“The Universe in 40 Jumps” is the subtitle of
the book, /t delivers.
The man who conceived and rendered it, a
Dutch schoolmaster named Kees Boeke, gave
years of work to perfecting the information
in his pictures. The result is one of the sim-
plest, most thorough, inescapable mind blows
ever printed. Your mind and you advance in
and out through the universe, changing scale
by a factor of ten. It very quickly becomes
hard to breathe, and you realize how
magnitude-bound we've been.
1957; 48 pp.
$4.50 postpaid from:
The John Day Company
257 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10010
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Hallwag Star Map
For two years I’ve been looking for an inexpensive,
accurate, spectacular map of the heavens. This is it,
in color. Double and variable stars are indicated, clusters,
novae, nebulae, galaxies, and radio sources. Science
could have begun with metallurgy, or weather study, or
The Stars
48% x 33”
$2.50 postpaid
from:
Crown Publishers
419 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Observer’s Handbook
For those who like to stare stars straight in the eye, this is
the vest amateur astronomer’s handbook. Asteroids,
clusters, constellations, eclipses, galaxies, planets, nebulae,
occultations, radio sources, precession, star maps, sun spots,
meteors. Published annually in November.
*
The Hubble Atlas of Galaxies
This book is a series of superb photographs which is
$3; the definition of Edwin Hubble’s classification of 1961; 50 plates
$3 galaxies. Galaxies come in a variety of shapes from
3 round blurry ones through the familiar spiral in $10.00 postpaid from:
#3 Andromeda to fantastic blazing pinwheels like M101.
Hubble has lined them up in a sequence according to shape.
The meaning of this sequence has not yet been determined.
/t may indicate a series of stages in the life on one galaxy
which progresses from blurred youngster to majestic
spiral or vice versa. More likely vice versa, since the spirals
contain hot young blue stars which we know will burn out
in a few million years or so, while the blurry ones contain
many ancient red giants. It is also possible that the
sequence is not an age sequence at all, but merely reflects
conditions at that place in the universe when that galaxy
was formed.
But besides being a tool for scientists, this book is like a
guided tour through our own miraculous universe. When
this planet gets you down, leaf through the Atlas and
feast your spirit on galaxy after galaxy, as beautiful and
varied as snow flakes. Some galaxies are so far away that
the graininess of the photograph shows in the blow up.
Some photographs show small blurred objects in the
background which one suddenly realizes are more galaxies.
[Reviewed by Jenny Deupree.
Suggested by Jordan Belson]
Earth Photographs
Full Earth
Mandala Earth, the high noon color image shot from a
synchronous satellite over South America in November
1967, is available as a poster from WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG for $2 postpaid. It’s the same as the
cover of the Fall “68 CATALOG, 22” x 27”. An order
of five or more gets 50% discount.
"Suggested by Lee Anderson] The Observer’s Handbook #
197° $1.50 postpsia cost $25. It costs $7.
Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
22" 20* 16" we
Whole Earth Rising
Bigger and Setter color Earth Posters than
ours. Good ones are: Giant Earth (shown
below), Earth Over Moon, Astronaut White.
Earth Photo
hs from
Gemini Ill, IV, and V
NASA
1967; 266 pp.
$7.00 postpaid
both from:
U.S. Govt. Printing Office Bookstore
710 North Capitol Street
Washington, D. C. 20402
$3.00 postpaid
U.S. Govt. Printing Office Bookstore
from: Rm. 1463, 14th Floor
Celestial Arts Federal Office Building
219 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60604
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
1345 Howard Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Carnegie Institution of Washington
1530 P Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20005
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
NASA SP. 129 is a hell of a book. Two hundred forty-three full
page color photographs of our planet from the Gemini flights
of 1965. If it were a Sierra Club book, and it could be, it would
There are numerous discoveries in the book. One is that this
beautiful place is scarcely inhabited and scarcely inhabitable.
Recently NASA has published a second volume of Gemini pictures.
Earth from
Gemini V
rough X
U.S. Govt. Printing Office Bookstore
Rm. 135, Federal Building
601 East 12th Street
Kansas City, Missouri 64106
U.S. Govt. Printing Office Bookstore
Federal Building
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Rm. 1023, Box 36104
San Francisco, California 94102
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...*The battle to feed all of humanity is over. in the ship has hit the rocks and_is.sinking. T
the will famines—hundreds Passengers scream for help. Some
4 of millions of people are going to starve to death in and are devoured by the circling sharks. A group
There’s a shit storm coming. Not a nice clean earthquake or spite of any crash programs embarked upon now. —_ distinguished scientists is on board. One of their “
satisfying revolution but pain in new dimensions: world pain, At this late date nothing can prevent a substantial number suggests that they can help man the pumps. eri
sub-continents that starve and sub-continents that eat unable eat > the ea teeumn ore although many ‘Oh, “wi } won the others. “That might hurt the th
i, . ‘ es could be rou ‘amatic programs to captain's feelings. Besides, pumping is not our
other, f ‘stretch’ the carrying capacity of the earth by in- business, outside our field of competence.’ You
ives, In bad heart of the pro vo EFS WE SO lutions, and the creasing food production. But these programs will | can guess what they do. They appoint a committee mn
sooner we're clear about what’s happening the sooner the only provide a stay of execution unless they are to study the problem, with subcommittees on marine
‘solutions can work their:way out. This book is the best first by and engineering They to Al
4 j i y at population control. Population control is Passengers that in two or three years comm
hard look that - around. The author is a well-regarded eups 4 conscious regulation of the numbers.of human will produce a wonderful report which will be su
population biologist and ecologist who freaked out of his lab i j i
beings to meet the needs, not just of individual acceptable to the passengers, the captain, and the Al
and into the media with the bad news. Besides freaking well families, but of society as a whole. steamship line. Not so passive are the politicians, we
he reports well. ‘ Some jump up to say that the pamengere don’t liv
. , understand the political realities of the situation.
The Population Bomb then Our present affluent society” They will inherit OtheF more progressive politicians grab thimbles and 1
Dr. Paul R. Ehrlich 8 totally different worid, a world in which the start bailing, stopping every few seconds to accept of
__ 1968; 223 pp. standards, politics, and economics of the 1960's are for their valiant efforts. sir
dead. As the most powerful nation in the world vie
$.95 postpaid from today, and its largest consumer, the United States e
Ballantine Books, Inc, cannot stand isolated. We are today involved in the pe
c/o Simon & Schuster, Inc, events leading to famine; tomorrow we may be Careless overuse of DDT has promoted to ‘ SCI
630 Fifth Avenue destroyed by its consequences. category many species of mites, little insectlike
New York, N. Y. 10020 © eee of spiders. The insects which ate the mites
or Remember also that in eloped were illed by the DDT, and the mites were resis-
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG countries, people have Eaubtne waa abees the tant to DDT. There you have it—instant pests, and
It is, of course, socially very acceptable to reduce
the death rate. Billions of years of evolution have
given us all a powerful will to live. Intervening in
the birth rate goes against our evolutionary values.
During all those centuries of our evolutionary past,
the individuals who had the most children passed on
their genetic endowment in greater quantities than
those who reproduced less. Their genes dominate
The reproductive function of sex must be shown as
_just one of its functions, and one that must be care-
lly regulated in relation to the needs of the
vidual and society. Much emphasis must be
placed on sex as an interpersonal relationship, as an
important and extremely pleasurable aspect of
being human, as mankind’s major and most enduring
recreation, as e fountainhead of his humor, as a
phenomenon
better life it is possible to have. They have seen
colored pictures in magazines of the miracles of
Western technology. They have seen automobiles
and airplanes. They have seen American and Euro-
pean movies. Many have seen refrigerators, tractors,
and even TV sets. Aimost all have heard transistor
radios. They know that a better life is possible.
They hae what we like to call ‘rising expectations.’ ™ ?
If twice as many people are to be happy, the miracle
more profits for the agricultural chemical industry
in fighting these Frankensteins of their own creation.
What's more, some of the more potent miticides the
chemists have developed with which to do battle
seem to be powerful carcinoge an oduci
substances.
eer.
‘Cencer-pr ig
our heredity today. that affects every aspect of hisbeing = doubling what now have will not be enou The old idea that industry could create the mess and E
they gh.
{t will only maintain today’s standard of living. then the taxpayers must clean it up has to go. The
There will have to be a tripling or better. Needless garbage produced by an industry is the responsibility P;
to say, they are not going to be happy. of that industry. D
1
Population, Resources, Environment The global polluting and exploiting activities of the DCs are even ° fr
more serious than their internal problems. Spaceship Earth is now H
. , - filled to capacity or beyond and is running out of food. And yet ecause, as indicated in the acknowledgments, the various drafts o Ww
In Population Bomb Ehrlich spared us the customary the people traveling first class are, without thinking, demolishing our manuscript were thoroughly reviewed by a large number of B
Statistics and graphs, and he was accused of being no the ship's already overstrained life-support systems. The food- critics who are competent in the various areas covered, we believe
scientist. So here are the statistics and graphs and much producing mechanism is being sabotaged. The devices that main- that the factual basis of the book is sound throughout. We do not or
besides——a 400-page textbook on the population-
ecology crisis. Don’t bother taking a course. The lab is
the world.
P ation, Resources, Environment
Paul R. Ehrlich, Anne H. Ehrlich
1970; 400 pp. vinced that everything will turn out all right. in the face of such uncertainty. Possible benefits will have to be
% weighed against possible risks, and a great deal of thought given
$8.95 postpaid 1877-1878 North China. “‘Appalling famine raging throughout de
four provinces [of] North China. Nine million people reported
from: aa hs hi _ pte lve for mankind if all people could know the general state of the world
W. H. Freeman and Company weit: ildren daily sold in markets for [raising means to and could be informed as to just what chances are being taken with
660Market Street procure] food. ... Total population of districts affected, 70 their lives and the lives of future generations.
San Francisco, CA $4104
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Resources and Man
A fugue of finiteness, this just-published work portrays the
true size of our North American yard. How much of the
depletables there is, and how long they will last at present
__ tain the atmosphere are being turned off. The temperature-
control system is being altered at random. Thermonuclear bombs,
poison gases, and super-germs have been manufactured and stock-
piled by people in the few first-class compartments for possible
future use against other first-class passengers in their competitive
struggles for dwindling resources——or perhaps even against the
expectant but weaker masses of humanity in steerage. But, unaware
that there is no one at the controls of their ship, many of the
Passengers ignore the chaos or view it with cheerful optimism, con-
millions. ..."" The people's faces are black with hunger; they
are dying by thousands upon thousands. Women and girls and
boys are openly offered for sale to any chance wayfarer. When
| left the country, a respectable married woman could be easily
bought for six dollars, and a little girl for two. In cases, however,
where it was found impossible to dispose of their children,
parents have been known to kill them sooner than witness their
prolonged suffering, in many instances throwing themselves
afterwards down wells, or committing suicide by arsenic.
*
All flesh is grass. This simple phrase summarizes a basic principle of
biology that is essential to an understanding of the world food prob-
lem. The basic source of food for all animal population is green
plants——‘‘grass."’ Human beings and all other animals with which
we share this planet obtain the energy and nutrients for growth,
development, and sustenance by eating plants directly, by eating
other animals that have eaten plants, or by eating animals that
have eaten animals that have eaten plants, and so forth.
That the fossil fuels be conserved for uses which cannot be met by
other sources. The fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, coal) are
believe that such minor errors as may be revealed in any of our
figures, estimates, or interpretations will change the thrust of our
major conclusions. In many areas, of course, it is impossible to
determine exactly. what has happened, or to know what the sig-
nificance of certain trends may be. Data are often unreliable or
unavailable, and our understanding of the complexities of ecological
systems and human behavior is still fragmentary. But in dealing
with the population-resource-environment crisis, it is important to
recognize that people are going to have to learn to make decisions
From the almost limitless number of subjects which might have been
included in this book, choices of those that were to be treated in
detail had to be made. We have tried to emphasize those which
seemed to us to be of the most general importance, and we make
no apology either for our selection of subjects or for the personal
style and approach we have used throughout. We have not attempted
to give equal weight to both sides of all controversial issues;
where we think one side is correct we have so indicated. We also
make no claim to having tried to detail all exceptions to general
rules. We hope that this book will provide concerned readers with
enough background to enable them to make informed political
decisions about environmental issues and to combat what C. P.
Snow has referred to as the ‘excessive unsimplicity” which, in
his words, “crops up whenever anyone makes a proposal which
opens up a prospect, however distant, of new action. It involves
a skill which all conservative functionaries are masters of, as they
ingeniously protect the status quo: it is called the ‘technique of
the intricate defensive.’ “
“In the West, our desire to conquer nature often means simply that
needed for petrochemicals, synthetic polymers, and essential
liquid fuels, for which suitable substitutes are as yet unknown.
They might also play a part in synthetic or bacterial food production
we diminish the probability of small inconveniences at the cost of
increasing the probability of very large disasters.”
Kenneth E. Boulding
{although such a use is also limited). They should not be spent in
the generation of electricity, for heating, and for industrial purposes
where substitutes can qualify. The Department of the Interior e
should be authorized and directed to develop and institute a
practicable and effective hydrocarbon conservation program.
or projected rates. Some indications of the levels of
exploitation where the “non-depletables” start to give up
on regeneration. For what might have been a dry book,
the writing has considerable hair on. —, ie
Some of the major tisheries whose take has declined import-
| antly are listed below; the dates indicate (approximately) the
60 beginning of a major slump from which there has been no }
250 x109N| important recovery as yet: .
be 80 (64 YEARS) bbls Antarctic blue whales 1935 |
50 + H East Asian sardine 1945
Resources and Man > | | | California sardine 1946
Cloud, Bates, Chapman, Hendricks, > P80 PERCENT (58 YEARS)» Northwest Pacific ssimon 1960
| Atlanto-Scandian herring 1961
Hubbert, Keyfitz, Lovering, Ricker 2 |
1969; 159 pp. 2 40 | tT | Berents Sea cod 1962
. 2 | “Ts. | ' Antarctic fin whales 1962
$2.95 postpaid = { | Species now showing signs of strain include the Newfound-
= 30 + / \S +++ land cod, North Sea herring, menhaden, British Columbia
from: « | | / \% | herring, Bering Sea flatfishes, and yellowfin tuna in the
W. H. Freeman and Co. 5 | es os \ ar eastern Pacific. Even if these are not yet being fished to the
660 Market Street 3 ‘7 ye ote point where sustainable yield has been reduced, there is
San Francisco, CA 94104 3 20 + a Wi little prospect of their yield being increased appreciably.
| NO
. or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG | A N
1
7a4x109) |“ “SL “The optimist proclaims that we live in the best of al!
Peace, population, pollution, one resources are ‘ wry Bad ee possible worlds; and the pessimist fears this is true.’’
— 2025 2050 2075 2100 James Branch Cabell
FIGURE 8.23
Complete cycles of world crude-oil production for two values of G,
ES
v
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1 see
eee
te
The Subversive Science
“So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he
created him; male and female he created them. And God blessed
them, and God said to them, ‘Be fruitful and multiply, and fill
the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the
sea and over the birds of the air and over every living thing that
moves upon the earth.’ ” Genesis 1, 27-28.
And we have been fruitful, and we have filled the earth and
subdued it, and we have dominion over every living thing.
And what is subversive about ecology is that we know now
we must turn aside from that ancient narrow edict, and
live with, and not upon, the earth.
The Subversive Science is thirty-seven essays on the shape
of life. By its very breadth it creates a depth of truth no
single point of view could ever make. There is a new world
view within this book, a new sense of ourselves and our
position on and within this earth. /t is rigorous and
scientific and yet in its vibrant complexity almost mystic.
[Reviewed by Cary James]
The Subversive Science—
Essays Toward an Ecology
of Man
Paul Shepard
Daniel McKinley, eds.
1969; 453 pp.
$5.95 postpaid
from: ‘
Houghton Mifflin Co.
Wayside Road
Burlington, Mass. 01803
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
igloos, tepees, prairie sod-huts, hogans, pueblos—have ecology
in their roof-lines.
These shelters for families, like such individual protectors as
sunbonnets, sombreros, serapis, are oriented to a landscape,
to weather, and to local materials.
The desire to maintain absolute constancy in any system must
be recognized as deeply pathological. Engineering theory
indicates that excessive restraints can produce instability.
In psychiatry also, the desire for complete certainty is
recognized as a most destructive compulsion. And in the
history of nations, attempts to control rigidly all economic
variables have uniformly led to chaos. The psychologically
healthy human recognizes that fluctuations are unavoidable,
that waste is normal, and that one should institute only such
explicit controls as are required to keep each system on its
homeostatic plateau. We must devise and use such controls
as are needed to keep the social system on the homeostatic
plateau. On this plateau—but not beyond it—freedom
produces stability.
*
Challenge for Survival
Jesus, there are a lot of ecological anthologies coming out.
This one’s value is that it focuses on the devil himself.
The city.
Challenge for Survival
Pierre Dansereau, Ed.
1970; 235 pp.
$7.95 postpaid
from:
Columbia University Press
440 West 110th Street
New York, N. Y. 10025
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Although there are several good textbooks of plant ecology, of
animal ecology, and a few that attempt to cover both and, almost
as an afterthought, to include man, we do not seem to be ready
for a total apprehension of the acquisitions of ecology. A formal
recognition of a limited number of /aws, encompassing the facts
and processes of environmental structures and dynamics, is yet
to come.
One of the greatest of the technical social inventions of ancient
Athens was that of ostracism, which was invented by Cleisthenes.
We are told:
Once a year the popular Assembly deliberated on whether any citizen
should be required to go into exile for ten years on the grounds that
his presence in Athens was a threat to the constitution. If the
Variable
Characteristic
(Upper Region
ol Positive Death
Feedback)
Homeostatic / Plateau
(Region of Negative
Feedback)
(Lower Region of
Death Positive Feedback)
(—) 0(:-)
Stress
We who were close to the Indians watched the disappearance of
boys from public view. Even their father saw them no more. After
sometimes a year, sometimes eighteen months, the boys returned—
from the underground kivas, from the pathless areas of the Sangre
de Cristo range, from the hidden crag where perhaps burns the
mystical everlasting fire. Radiant of face, full-rounded and
powerful of body, modest, detached: they were men now, keepers
of the secrets, houses of the Spirit, reincarnations of the countless
generations of their race; with “reconditional reflexes,” with
emotions organized toward their community, with a connection
formed until death between their individual beings and that
mythopoeic universe—that cosmic illusion—that real world—as the
case may be, which both makes man through its dreams and is
made by man’s dreams.
Perhaps the most serious obstacle impeding the
evolution of a land ethic is the fact that our
educational and economic system is headed away
But he did not lose his citizenship, his goods were not
confiscated, he did not even suffer disgrace. In fact, it
was Only the man of great ability who was likely to be
ostracized, yet the possibility of ostracism was a constant
deterrent to overwhelming political ambition.
This ts the dog that bit the «at that killed the rat that ate the malt thal came from the grain that
Jack sprayed” Reproduced by ut Pum h)
Long ago, floods were described as Acts of God. Today, these are
known quite often to be consequences of the acts of man. As long
ago, droughts were thought to be Acts of God, too, but these, 11 is
now known, are exacerbated by the acts of man.
What will be left of the plant world if we allow the basically village
culture, founded on aclose symbiotic partnership between man and
plants, to disappear? For some twelve thousand years, all the higher
achievements of civilization have rested on this culture, one devoted
to the constructive improvement of the habitat and the loving care
of plants——their selection, their nurture, their breeding, their
enjoyment. That culture, as Edgar Anderson suggested, originally
made some of its best discoveries in breeding by being equally
concerned with the color, the odor, the taste, the flower and
leaf patterns, the sexual functions, and the nutritive qualities of
plants, valuing them not only for food and medicine, but for
esthetic delight. There are plenty of people working in scientific
laboratories today who, though they may still call themselves
biologists, have no knowledge of this culture, except by vague
hearsay, and no respect for its achievements. They dream of a
world composed mainly of synthetics and plastics, in which no
creatures above the rank of algae or yeasts would be encouraged
to grow.
Mere survival is not good enough: we must devise a strategy to
ensure the further development of plants and men.
Assembly voted to hold an ostracism, a second vote was taken. Then,
if six thousand citizens wrote the same name on an ostrakon, or
potsherd, the man named must leave Athens for ten years.
from, rather than toward, an intense consciousness
of land. Your true modern is separated from the
land by many middlemen, and by innumerable
physical gadgets. He has no vital relation to it;
to him it is the space between cities on which
crops grow.
When we think in terms of systems, we see that a fundamental
misconception is embedded in the popular term “side-effects”
(as has been pointed out to me by James W. Wiggins). This
phrase means roughly ‘effects which | hadn't foreseen, or
don’t want to think about.”" As concerns the basic mechanism,
side-effects no more deserve the adjective “’side’’ than does the
“principal” effect. It is hard to think in terms of systems, and
we eagerly warp our language to protect ourselves from the
necessity of doing so.
Whether you will or not
You are a King, Tristram, for you are one
Of the time-tested few that leave the world,
When they are gone, not the same place it was.
Mark what you leave.
*
Applied World Saving
For a world-scale journal of ecology, try Intecol Bulletin
(S3/yr from Black well Scientific Publications Ltd.,
5 Alfred Street, Oxford, OX1 4HB). A recent report
of what’s happening with the new strains of wheat and
rice is Seeds of Change (Lester R. Brown, 1970, 205 pp;
$6.95 from Frederick A. Praeger, 111 Fourth Avenue,
N.Y., N. Y. 10003). For wilder possibilities in food
production, see Food Resources Conventional and Novel
(N. W. Pirie, 1969; 208 pp; $1.25 from Penguin Books, Inc.,
7110 Ambassador Road, Baltimore, Md. 21207).
*
Liferaft Earth
Robert Frank’s 37-minute 16mm color
sound film of the Hunger Show staged
last October by Portola Institute may
be rented for S30 from WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG. “I’m sorry, Leon,” said
Bonnie Jean, “I’m hungry and I’m
crazy.”
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Earth Times
Just in time, a newspaper for sure-enough world-savers.
/t has a good wide scope, and intelligence to match its
fervor.
If the format and art-work looks identical to Rolling
Stone, that’s because it comes out of the same offices.
Earth Times
Stephanie Mills, ed
$5.00 /year (monthly)
00 in Canada
$8.00 overseas
from:
_ Earth Times
625 Third Street
San Francisco, CA 94107
KW: It’s really incredible that | get a lot of press coverage because
of the fact that | come out and make startling pronouncements.
The amusing thing is that there isn’t even any follow-up to figure
out if they're true or not. You would think that the media itself
would peel off a reporter, just for fun, to go look at the records
and see if what I'm saying is correct. The newspapers don’t do
this. You know, people go away from my lectures convinced
that what I've said is true, but they don’t know what it is that
I've said——it’s the damnedest situation, and my feeling is that
this is what we've got to work on. We've got to learn how to
communicate an idea that sticks.
KW: One of the conclusions that comes out of models of this
sort is that most large-scale social systems are counter-intuitive.
SM: Counter-intuitive?
KW: Counter-intuitive. That is, the properties of complex modern
social systems are such that the intuitively obvious solutions to
various problems are typically wrong.
Remember that, as a lady hitchhiker,
KW: | think it’s going to take economic types of factors to get
people to change. One thing that could produce a gigantic change
would be hard evidence that we are not going into a recession but
a deep depression. The red flags are up. We're not quite sure any-
more that this i isa se n we're going to be out of ina
ink that it’s something of a very
llenging the fundamental idea of
and necessary and inevitable.
to uncontrolled growth?
g that the idea that growth is inevitable is a lot of
oney. The stock market is now where it was six years ago.
That's not a great big lot of galloping growth. The air lines and air-
plane manufacturers have been pursuing the idea that bigger and
faster is better for some time now, and they're falling on their faces
on that one. The jumbo jets and the air buses are going to cream
the airlines and the SST will just wipe them out.
KW: The only thing that will get people to change is the severity
of the problems. Like at the moment when | say that we're
moving into an ice age, most people say, ‘Hah. That types him——
you know, he’s nuts.” But ten years from now, things will be
weird enough that people will be saying, ‘‘By God, so that’s why
it’s snowing in May!”’ The impression | get is that on one hand,
everyone is fed up with hearing about the environment, and on
the other, we haven't really communicated anything yet. The
whole situation just baffles me. Everybody is alerted to the
fact that there is a large and obviously educated group frightened
stiff. All kinds of people are running around making dire and
legitimate projections. But | don’t think that the public is
really alarmed. An ice age is a six-degree drop in temperature, and
we've already got a third of that in New York City, and nobody
even notices. | think you have to drop blocks of ice on people
before they become aware that the weather's changing.
Let us join together with free wolves and watch them explore the
sweet and secret territory of our imagination and their wild homes.
Watch the sky change with them in the long slow arctic winter.
See them briskly home from the evening's hunt carrying a belly-
ful of caribou meat for the cubs. Or sleeping in front of the den
at noon, resting but mindful of the fresh wind and the scent of
the change of seasons. !|n play, in greeting, exploring the ever new
possibilities of being alive and intact in a world still whole. We can
have wolves, and they can have us——and we need never meet——
except in the silent pact that we make together.
Creatures under a common moon.
Kenneth Watt
Hitchhiking in Numbers:
If you find someone firmly entrenched
in your chosen thumb-site, extend greet-
ings and ask if you can share territory.
And, yes, there is safety in joining forces.
If there’s a gentleman your radar indi-
cates you can trust, stick with him as
long as your paths hang together. This
has multiple advantages: Next to a single
female, the male-female combination at-
tracts the widest range of people. Even
little old ladies will pick you up if you
look vaguely in love. With the added
protection, you get to relax and enjoy the
ride. Very few (even horny and male)
drivers will molest an accompanied fe-
male. Another female is better than no
companionship at all, although it’s just
possible that, however innocently, she
may hang you up by agreeing to a side-
trip to the beach.
it’s not only your absolute prerogative to
be choosy, but absolutely necessary.
There’s no social convention in the world
which says that you can’t turn down a
ride, or ask to be let out of a car the
minute things strike you as potentially
uncomfortable. You may also, in certain
circumstances, lie like mad about your
marital and social status, your health
(nobody’s going to bug a chick who’s just
announced that she may vomit), your
phone number (memorize that of the
local police station or SPCA), your ad-
dress (if he offers to take you home, but
you don’t want to see him ever again, ask
to be let out two or three blocks away).
As a matter of fact, if you find your life,
your chastity, your peace of mind, or
even just your sense of humor in danger,
you may tell any story your nimble mind
gan concoct on short notice.
Still hunted, poisoned, trapped, captured & polluted, the wild wolf is almost extinct.
*
Omen
This here is a big beautiful inexpensive magazine about the
religion of ecology. I’m not sure you can get religion from
a magazine. Omen does give good annotated access to its
sources of inspiration; in fact it stocks them for mail order
sale, which is handy.
Walter H. Bowart, Ed -
$8.00 /year (9 issues)
REVERSER
from:
Omen Press
Box 12457
Tucson, Arizona 85711
The best things cannot be told, the second best are cnieetioed.
After that comes civilized conversation; after that, mass indoctrin-
ation; after that, intercultural exchange. And so, proceeding, we
come to the problem of communication: the opening of one’s own
truth and depth to the depth and truth of another in such a way as
to establish an authentic community of existence.
Joseph Campbell
The Masks of God, Creative Mythology
One must admire the Japanese system of education for giving
its school children a chance to visit and live on every island of
Japan during the summers at government expense.
Planeta Fresco, 14, Via Manzoni, 20121 Milano, Italy. Editor:
Nando Sottsass Pivano.
This Italian magazine of poetry and art is worth the pictures
even if you don’t read Italian.
“We live in a metaphysical mediterranean island, plenty of
priests, police, fascist and communist congressmen, memories
of glorious millenia which no one ever saw, which everyone
keeps invoking as a magic alibi.
“We will always send to you all we do.and please give us your
help with your mags and thoughts. We love you, we love all
the world,” says Planeta Fresco.
When | first encountered the images of The Tarot for the Aquarian
Age | was immediately struck by their evocative force. Unlike the
images of the old Tarot deck, which (to me) had appeared lifeless,
these had a kind of direct electric-emotional ‘charge,’ and some of
them were strongly reminiscent of images found in dreams or under
the effects of certain chemicals. | started to “work” with them——
that is, | put the ones | was most drawn to up on the wall and began
to meditate and reflect on their meanings. Over a period of a few
weeks they would become strikingly ‘‘familiar’’——they would intrude
suddenly in my waking thoughts, fragments might appear in dreams
or during quiet moments. They appeared to work a kind of subtle
transformation of unconscious, prerational ‘‘complexes’’ (to use the
Jungian terminology). A fixed image-complex, surrounded by
anxious feelings, could, by contact with one of these Tarot images
evolve into an enlarging, affirmative, enlightening vision. Then
after a time, another one of the series might emerge as an indicator
of the “‘next step.”
1
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*
The Environmental Handbook
The Environmental Handbook as “the bible’’ of New Con-
servation. Paul Ehrlich, the others, as prophets predicting
the literal end of the world. Ecology Action, the others, as
young disciples working zealously to save it. The Survival
Walk from Sacramento to L.A. as a modern version of the
crusades. The public outcry against pollution as an evan-
gelical call to cast out evil. San Jose State students actually
burying a devil alive, in the form of a new Maverick.
While Lynn White Jr. says: “Human ecology is deeply con-
ditioned by beliefs about our nature and destiny——that is,
by religion. . The victory of Christianity over paganism
was the greatest psychic revolution in the history of our
culture. ... We continue today to live, as we have lived for
about 1700 years, very largely in a context of Christian
axioms. ... Christianity, in absolute contrast to ancient
paganism and Asia’s religions . . . not only established a
dualism of man and nature but also insisted that it is God’s
will that man exploit nature for his proper ends. .
[Christians] are superior to nature, contemptuous of it,
willing to use it for our slightest whim.”
Conservation asking Christian America to quit being
Christian America, America saying can't, | need the money.
Psychic revolution. Beginnings of religious war. Christ a
space-age anti-Christ. Battle in the cockpit. Veer left,
veer right. 66,000 miles an hour. Off course! Quick!
Somebody grab the wheel! 2
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
The Environmental
Handbook
Garrett De Bell, Ed.
EAVRORMENTAL
$.95 postpaid ms HANDBOOK
from:
Ballantine Books, Inc.
101 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG
The phrase “health of the environment” is not a literary con-
vention. It has a real biological meaning, because the surface of
the earth is truly a living organism. Without the countless and
immensely varied forms of life that the earth harbors, our planet
would be just another fragment of the universe with a surface as
drab as that of the moon and an atmosphere inhospitable to man.
We human beings exist and enjoy life only by virtue of the
conditions created and maintained on the surface of the earth by
the microbes, plants, and animals that have converted its
inanimate matter into a highly integrated living structure. Any
profound disturbance in the ecological equilibrium is a threat
to the maintenance of human life as we know it now.
Rene DuBos
*
Ecotactics
The Sierra Club’s new paperback, Ecotactics, was published
two months after Friends of the Earth brought out The
Environmental Handbook. The difference shows, but not
enough to hurt. If The Handbook hadn’‘t got there first,
Ecotactics would be a hot item indeed. It’s not quite as
punchy as The Handbook but it’s got a /ot of good stuff
in it, most of it by ecology writers | hadn‘t heard of before,
which | consider a virtue. | mean, I’ve heard Paul Ehrlich
and Rene DuBos and other big guns who appear prominently
in The Handbook. / know what they have to say. It’s
encouraging to see just how many good young writers the
whole ecology thing is producing. Since both books cost
only 95 cents, the serious ecology revolutionary by all
means ought to have copies of each. They complement
each other, sort of fill in each other’s holes. For example,
The Handbook contains Gary Snyder’s now-famous
environmental manifesto, “Four Changes,” while Ecotactics
presents a short article about Snyder himself, as a man, a
poet and a naturalist. Both statements deserve wide
audiences. So do both the books as wholes.
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
To deal with a system of oppression and suppression, which charac-
terizes the environmental violence in this country, the first priority
is to deprive the polluters of their unfounded legitimacy. Too often
they assume a conservative, patriotic posture when in reality they
are radical destroyers of a nation’s resources and the most funda-
mental rights of people. Their power to block or manipulate
existing laws permits them, as perpetrators, to keep the burden
of proof on the victims. In a country whose people have always
valued the “open book,’ corporate and government polluters
Crave secrecy and deny citizens access to the records of that which
is harming their health and safety.
Youth must develop an investigative approach to the problems of
pollution. It is one of the most basic prerequisites. Not only
must there be aclose analysis of corporate statements, and period-
icals, annual reports, patents, correspondence, court records,
regulations, technical papers, Congressional hearings and agency
reports and transcripts, but there must be a search for the dissenting
company engineer, the conscience-stricken house lawyer, the
concerned retiree or ex-employee, the knowledgeable worker
and the fact-laden supplier of the industry or company under study.
They are there somewhere. They must be located.
Ralph Nader
You can imagine hearing someone say, “ Remember the subaivision
that used to be where that orange grove is?’’ You can see a web of
parks throughout the cities replacing the freeways and streets that
once dominated. You can see agriculture become diversified again,
with a great variety of crops grown together, replacing the old
reliance on mass-produced single crop operations that are highly
dependent on pesticides, machines, and cheap farm labor. The
traditional American values of rural life come back, and many more
people grow their own food on smaller holdings and with a better
quality of existence for the farm workers——and for everyone else.
More fruits and vegetables have insects on them instead of poisons.
They can be brushed off or swallowed accidentally without harm.
They are not mutagenic. They eat very little themselves, and
because there is no monocrop, they can’t wipe it out.
We see an end to some of the contradictions in American life. Where
we once burned fossil fuels and polluted the air to provide electricity
to run the escalators and other labor-saving devices that fattened us
and sent us to the electric exercise machines and calorie-free soft
drinks, we can rediscover walking. Where we overheated or over-
conditioned our air, we rely again on the human adaptability to
Stress that shaped us and gave us our physical integrity over a million
years of.living. Although the small labor-saving devices did not use
much power, their aggregate use increased the demand for electricity,
and with it the need for more dams, more oxidizing of fossil fuel, and
more proliferation of nuclear power plants and their radionuclides.
We find that diminishing dependence upon electric devices diminishes
the need to build dams on wild rivers, pollute the air and sea with
fossil fuels, and poison the ecosphere with dispersing nuclear waste.
With conspicuous consumption eliminated, we have more leisure time
and a shorter work week. There are fewer automobiles, less reliance
upon wasteful packaging, and less need for the labor saving devices
that exploited natural resources in order to save time to spend with
little reward in our overdepleted world. We produce what we need
and not a surplus. We allocate limited resources. New economists
adjust economic sights to accommodate the requirements of our
spaceship Earth, limited closed system that it is. The economists
‘rethink about growth and know that “growth for the sake of growth
is the ideology of the cancer cell,’ as Edward Abbey pointed out.
There is less spectator sport and more participating. The American
people, once a nation of watchers, are ‘do-it-yourself people” again.
They ski where the snowmobiles took them, walk where trail bikes
crudded the wilderness and swim where motorboats droned over
lakes they oiled. The people buy less music and make more of their
own. There is a world quiet enough to hear it in.
People are healthier. Fewer coronaries strike them because walking
and bicycling and swimming keep them fitter. There are fewer
people in hospitals because the old murderous automobile-oriented
transportation system has been brought under control. Even the
former automobile manufacturers, salesmen, and service people
live longer, better lives. One major change is that every product
we buy includes in its price the cost of its ultimate disposal. The
many products that once were cheap because they were dumped
at will have become so expensive that they no longer end up
cluttering the environment.
Many of the people who were producing automobiles have been
shifted into the housing or building industry. Their main job
is restructuring the urban wastes to planned cities, restoring
land to good agricultural use, building high-quality clustered
dwellings at the edges of the good agricultural land, using recycled
material from the old buildings. People ride the short distance
to their work and have a chance to farm a little in the sun. There
are legs and arms and abdomens where the flab was, and the
air is once again transparent.
The idea that a steady state works is commonplace. The population
is declining slowly toward a balance between man and the other
living things upon which his own life depends. The need for, and
number of, schools, doctors, highways, roads, public parks, recrea-
tional facilities, swimming pools, and other facilities is roughly the
same from year to year. People work enough to service equipment
and to replace things that wear out. They devote energy to increasing
the quality of life rather than to providing more and more possessions.
The job of the garbage man and junk man is elevated to the stature of
recycling engineer, looping systems in such a way that materials cause
no environmental deterioration. Many power plants and dams are dis-
* mantied as the amount of energy needed each year declines and people
develop sensible ways of living that require much less power, pollution,
and environmental disruption. There is decentralization of many basic
services. Ecologically sound food stores prosper, offering pesticide-
free produce in returnable containers.
Advertising serves to inform, not to overstimulate, and is believable
again. Wilderness areas are no longer under attack, and retread wild-
erness increases substantially each year; less land is needed for com-
mercial timber production because of effective recycling of wood
products, reduction of conspicuous consumption and the lessening
of need as the population drops. Poisoning of the ecosystem by
the leaded automobile gasoline has ceased because engine redesign
eliminates the need for lead additives.
Ecotactics
1970; 287 pp.
$.95 postpaid
from:
Simon and Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Though the medium may be the message, the event itself is a very
crucial part of what's transmitted. So strive for far-out symbolic
actions on meaningful, relevant issues that will seize the imagination
and commitment of the press and the public. The overall! rule of
thumb is to localize the greater issues at hand in the ecology move-
ment. Don’t just demonstrate against water pollution; pick a
nearby polluted stream and wage a cleanup campaign. Everybody
knows industry kills; indentify which industries. Shine a giant
searchlight on beiching smokestacks at night. Give DiS-honor
awards to polluters. Picket. Have a mock funeral for an internal
combustion engine. A simple idea can blossom into a great
publicity-getter, and accomplish something in its own right. Pete
Seeger set out last summer with songs and a sailing sloop on the
befouled Hudson River and turned on thousands to the problem of
water pollution.
John Zeh
Emphysema and tung cancer caused by smog are eliminated and the
smog goes. People learn how to garden again, and allow the recovery
to take place of the natural forms of “pest” control instead of heavy
doses of pesticides.
People are learning progressively more about relying less on gadgets.
They have long since refused to buy ten cents worth of food in a
T.V. dinner on an aluminum platter that will outlast the food for
generations.
Many of the things built in the past in the name of conservation are
being unbuilt. The Army Corps of Engineers is spending its time
undoing the damage it has done over the past decades. Cities no
longer ask the Corps to build a dam to prevent flooding of houses
unwisely built on a flood plain. Instead, they ask the Corps to
restore the flood plain to a vegetative cover that accommodates
floods——good creative work for engineers.
And that technological mistake, the supersonic transport, has
long since been a strange delusion, the few that were built
having been dismantled and forgotten.
Garrett De Bell
Micronesian “out-islander” in particular——that is, those who live
across a hundred miles or more of sea from any neighboring islands,
and whose contact with the rest of the world is limited to the few
souls who arrive on the eighty foot government boat every six
months——simply don't think about infinity, or to put it more
accurately, the idea that everything is possible.
In order to survive out there by themselves, they've had to gain a
pretty good feeling for pacing the breadfruit production and the
coconut eating. In some of those places the highest crime is cut-
ting down a coconut tree without communal permission.
Jerry Mander
Education, particularly higher education, is critically important to
solving our ecological crisis. ... The whole direction and purpose
and thrust of our culture is toward greater production, greater
exploitation. In many if not in most of our universities, there is
little criticism of the basic assumptions and value judgments that .“~
underlie our current priorities. The university is quite capable of
developing an automated machine to harvest almost any crop, but
it is unable to evaluate the long-term social costs of such a development.
Garrett De Bell
By conventiona txokkeeping methods, for example, the coal companies
strip-mining away the hillsides of Kentucky and West Virginia show a
handsome profit. “heir ledgers, however, show only a fraction of the
true cost of their operations. They take no account of destroyed land
which can never bear another crop; of rivers poisoned by mud and
seeping acid from the spoil banks; of floods which sweep over farms
and towns downstream, because the ravaged slopes can no longer
hold the rainfall.
John Fischer
When writing press releases or dealing with reporters, remember the
media are always looking for new metaphors and good ideas. Ques
tions such as: What is ecology? Why are you involved in it? What
do you hope to accomplish by holding a teach-in? are going to be
asked again and again. Be prepared to answer very broad questions
like these in one or two sentences which are concise and interesting.
The person doing PR should not only be informed and able to handle
a variety of rhetoric but should also be interesting or unusual in his
own right. Put yourself in the reporter’s shoes: what is it about you,
your group, and your activities that would make a good story?
Barbara Parker
| personally doubt that disastrous ecologic backlash can be avoided
simply by applying to our problems more science and more tech-
nology. Our science and technology have grown out of Christian
attitudes toward man’s relation to nature which are almost uni-
versally held not only by Christians and neo-Christians but also
by those who fondly regard themselves as post-Christians. Despite
Copernicus, all the cosmos rotates around our little globe. Despite
Darwin, we are not, in our heads, part of the natural process. We
are superior to nature, contemptuous of it, willing to use it for
our slightest whim.
Lynn White, Jr.
Eco-Pornography of How to Spot an Ecological Phony
1. Is (insert name of company) advertising in this voice to solve
a problem or to prolong it?
2. Does a press conference fog up what counts?
3. Does an ad obscure the issue?
4. Does the ad sell pie before it is in the sky?
5. Is the ad really suggesting more dangerous alternatives?
Check it out. If the advertiser fails, tell him and your friends.
Tom Turner
| am interested in the way that a man looks at a given landscape
and takes possession of it in his blood and brain. For this happens,
| am certain, in the ordinary motion of life. None of us lives apart
from the land entirely; such an isolation is unimaginable. We have
sooner or later to come to terms with the world around us——and | }
mean especially the physical world, not only as it is revealed to us j
immediately through our senses, but also as it is perceived more 1
truly in the long turn of seasons and of years. And we must come
to moral terms. There is no alternative, | believe, if we are to realize
and maintain our humanity, for our humanity must consist in part
in the ethical as well as the practical ideal of preservation. And
Particularly here and now is that true. We Americans need now
more than ever before——and indeed more than we know——to
imagine who and what we are with respect to the earth and sky. |
am talking about an act of the imagination essentially, and the
concept of an American land ethic.
N. Scott Momaday
The great enemy of open space is not the Federal government. It's
the local governments. There’s no local government in this country
that is suited to turn down a new payroll or a new property tax
base. Our country’s built on a property tax supporting local gov-
ernment. Every impoverished county that has lovely open space,
every city that wants to expand is going to permit development.
After all, it wasn't the local but the Federal government that got
in and stopped the jetport. When you say there was no outpouring
for the jetport, what you really mean is there wasn’t any sentiment
in Florida against the jetport.
Paul McCloskey
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It is not easy to define “play” precisely, but whatever it is, it is
‘
Nature and Man’s Fate something that is in some sense non-competitive, non-rational,
non-economic. Ht is also productive of novelty im viewpoints,
THE introduction to theoretical and applied evolution. open ing doing
efficient approaches were employed. Play, for many men, is by
evolution and cybernetics into what may be an embryonic no means confined to childhood: it extends into the adult state,
science of general development. Still it’s a completely only changing its form. Freud has said, ‘The child has-toys; the
earthly book. The specific history of Darwin and his mature man has art and science.” Out of the play called science
—~—which is possible only to a society rich enough to suspend
idea. The specific application of evolutionary under partially the laws of competition——out of the economically non-
standing to human survival now. competitive intellectual play called science there comes, in fact,
a competitive weapon of the most powerful sort, technology.
Competition has its own dialectic.
Nature and Man’s Fate
Garrett Hardin
1959; 320 pp. In order to make a perfect and beautiful machine, it is not requisite
, to know how to make it. Quite so.
$.95 postpaid
. .. To Darwinians, Design emerges from blind Waste. “To be an
from: . Error and to be cast out is a part of God's Design,” said William
The New American Library, Inc. Blake.
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 10019 *
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG i PLAvIA |
So we see that the concept of progress, for all its historical importance eulegutr aettie/ a (exeypanthemeides
in sheltering the idea of evolution, is not easily applicable to facts
of biology.
4. J At
Jone
a.
lomerati latyglosse
sativa}
racilis { (ucopappa
adiata
All men are, by nature, unequal——this is the censored truth of our
century. We are as afraid of the consequences of admitting this
truth as the Victorians were of the consequences of admitting that
men are animals. Yet surely history will ultimately show that, in
both instances, the consequences are good and compatible with
human decency.
As early as 1920, the philosopher, Bertrand Russell, s>>:ied out
the nightmare qualities of the Russian dream in term: i:nat he never
needed to revise in the light of later facts. For his pais and his
honesty Russell was quietly ousted from his position as the phil-
osophic spokesman of the liberal elements. (Since he was patently
unfit to speak for the conservatives either, he was henceforth a pr C urred in a roup of
comfortable of all positions, but for a living philosopher it has its aa oh. to find cfanteat phyleneete trees” and uni-
—— directional evolution everywhere. (From Clausen, Stages
in the Evolution of Plant Species, Cornell University
: Press, Ithaca, N. Y.; 1951. By permission.)
As a species becomes increasingly “‘successful,”’ its struggle for
existence ceases to be one of struggle with the physical environment
or with other species and comes to be almost exclusively competition
with its own kind. We call that species most successful that has
made its own kind its worst enemy. Man enjoys this kind of success.
The Competitive Exclusion Principle. No two organisms that compete
in every activity can coexist indefinitely in the same environment. To
coexist in time, organisms that are potentially completely competitive
must be geographically isolated from each other. Otherwise, the one
that is the less efficient yields to the more efficient, no matter how
slight the difference. When two competing organisms coexist in the
same geographical region, close examination always shows that they
are not complete competitors, that one of them draws on a resource
of the environment that is not available to the other. The corollary
of the principle is that where there is no geographical isolation of
genetically and reproductively isolated populations, there must be
as many ecological niches as there are populations. The necessary
condition for geographical coexistence is ecological specialization.
It is one of the few rules of evolution that extreme specialization
results in eventual extinction. Environmental changes are inevitable,
and the specialist-species is too strongly committed to one way of
life to be able rapidly enough to “back up” genetically and take off
in another “direction.”’ All the evidence of comparative morphology
and paleontology, fragmentary though it is, indicates that each great
new group of organisms arises from very unspecialized species of
the group “below” it, not from the conspicuously specialized ones. .
And concepts themselves occur in various grades of generality,
si forming a hierarchal complex that has not yet been explicitly
described. Language is a wondrously subtle and complicated
tool; by far the greater part of it is to be found only in mathe-
matics. That which most men call “language” is only a small
part of man’s concept-handling machinery, scarcely the ABC’s
<8 MUTATION
~ GAUSSIAN
% FREQUENCY
DISTRIBUTION
DN For more details on organic evolution, see Ernst Mayr’s recent
as classic Animal Species and Evolution (1963; 797 pp. $11.95
gs postpaid from Harvard University Press, 79 Garden Street, Fig.
tw Cambridge, Mass. 02138). The promising, if heretical, hypo-
Kx thesis that evolution may be directly affected by changes
within the cells is presented in Lancelot Law Whyte’s /nternal
RY iMEAN | Factors in Evolution (1965; 120 pp. $4.00 postpaid from
N t.. “A George Braziller, Inc., 215 Park Avenue South, New York,
NS VALUE OF N. Y. 10003). For a non-too-satisfactory but still tantalizing
MEASURABLE look into cultural evolution, see Sahlins and Service, Evolution
VARIABLE and Culture (1960; 131 pp. $3. 95 postpaid from The University
of Michigan Press, 615 East University, Ann Arbor, Michigan
106).
Fig. 7. The effects of mutation and selection on a Gaussian ore
(“normal”) distribution curve.
Population, Evolution, and Birth Control
Once youve woken up to the population squeeze and
the blindness of most of your fellow men, it’s worth
looking around. Garrett Hardin has assembled a
strong selection of eyes to look around with. Here
are the ingredients for understanding. Now, how do
we get the mule’s attention?
The closed earth of the future ‘requires economic principles
which are somewhat different from those of the open earth
of the past. For the sake of picturesqueness, | am tempted to
call the open economy the ‘cowboy economy,’ the cowboy
being symbolic of the illimitable plains and also associated with
reckless, exploitative, romantic, and violent behavior, which
is characteristic of open societies. The closed economy of the
future might similarly be called the ‘spaceman’ economy, in
which, therefore, man must find his place in a cyclical ecologi-
cal system which is capable of continuous reproduction of
material form even though it cannot escape having inputs of
Kenneth E. Boulding
and Birth Control
Garrett Hardin, ed.
1964, 1969; 386 pp.
$2.95 postpaid
from:
W. H. Freeman & Co.
660 Market Street
San Francisco, CA 94104
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Among the impotence principles of socio-biology is surely this:,
competition is inescapable. That species which has succeeded in
eliminating all other species as competitors, ends by becoming
its own competitor. The world, in spite. of comic-strip science,
is alimited one. Man, freed of the population-controlling factors
of predators and disease organisms, must——willy-nilly, like it
or not——control his own numbers by competition with his own
kind. By taking thought he can elect the kind of competition
he employs; but he cannot escape all kinds. This is not to imply
that the election is a trivial matter.
To the biologist it is clear that the best chances for man’s long-
time survival depend on the fragmentation of the species into
well-separated populations. But it would be foolhardy to say
what form the separation should take. It might be a matter of
nations, as we know them; or some sort of caste system, that would
permit genetic isolation with geographic unity; or——far more
likely——some new kind of communities that are neither nation
nor caste nor anything that has yet been conceived of.
The crowd-diseases——smallpox, cholera, typhoid, plague, etc.——
are, by the ecologist, labeled “‘density-dependent factors,’’ whose
effectiveness in reducing population is a power function of the
density of the population. No growth of population could get
out of hand as long as the crowd-diseases were unconquered, which
means that man did not have to sit in judgment on man, to decide
who should have a cover at Nature’s feast and who should not.
With the development of bacteriological medicine, all this has been
changed. Now, the feedback control is man himself.
Darwin’‘s life is symbolic. His Autobiography clearly and unconsciously
reveals two elements that are needed to produce any creative genius:
irresponsibility and alienation. . .
He who is to see what other men have not seen must, in a real sense,
become alienated from the crowd. The manner in which this alienation
occurs is subject to an infinity of permutations. ...
The wealthy eccentric is a nearly extinct dodo. The man of wealth
is now an other-directed man. He may become a lawyer or a doctor.
But not a scientist. He is too much a part of the world to achieve
the alienation required to be creative. (What millionaire today would
have the nerve to do what Darwin did——retire to a ‘‘non-productiye”
life in the country to think?)
. . We can hardly expect a committee to acquiesce in the dethronement
of tradition. Only an individual can do that, an individual who is not
responsible to the mob. Now that the truly independent man of
wealth has disappeared, now that the independence of the academic
man is fast disappearing, where are we to find the conditions of
partial alienation and irresponsibility needed for the highest creativity?
25. A large Population, which is very sensitive to selection
pressure, is narrowly confined to an adaptive peak (Mount
Tory). A species broken up into many separate small
breeding populations is much less responsive to selection
pressures; its populations will wander widely from their
adaptive peak (Mount Risky)—some to perish, some, per-
haps, to find the way to new adaptive peaks like Mount
Opportunity. As before, the water represents the threaten-
ing natural selection.
If the food supply is falling short, or a new disease threatens
us, inventions to relieve it must be made before famine and
pestilence have done their work. Now, we are far nearer to
famine and pestilence than we like to think. Let there be an
interruption of the water supply of New York for six hours,
and it will show in the death rate. Let the usual trains bring-
ing supplies into the city be interrupted for forty-eight hours,
Population, Evolution 4nd some people will die of hunger. Every engineer who has
to deal with the administration of the public facilities of a great
city has been struck with terror at the risks which people are
willing to undergo and must undergo every day, and at the
complacent ignorance of these risks on the part of his charges...
Norbert Wiener
The rest of the night | lay there sleepless, trapped between the
quavering human cry in the night and the cold fact that forced
me to know | could not save him or the thousands of others
whose cries | could not hear. The next morning they came
and told us that the beggar was dead.
Gerald Winfield
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Parable of the Beast
if you are into molecular memory, chemical communication,
slime mold colonies, time pulse perception, third eyes, acid,
serotonin, intramural aggression, and other types of meta-
mysticism, then bleibtreu probably has something for you,
too.
he’s trying to put instincts back into science and take a little
of the speculation out of the name “Homo sapiens”, through
an introduction to the study of ethology. ;
readable, maybe reliable.
[Reviewed by J. D. Smith. Suggested by
David Schwartz]
The Parable of the Beast
John N. Bleibtreu
1968; 304 pp.
from:
Collier Books
866 Third Avenue-
New York, N. Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG society, and they understood at some infinitely deep intuitive
level that if they went so far as to share food with the Negro,
they could no longer effectively exclude him from the societal
Organism.
*
The Rise of the West
One humanity, one history, one fat little book. Some
familiarity with world history will not help you to avoid
mistakes, but it may help you recognize them and thus
move on to more original ones.
[Suggested by Jib Fowles]
The Rise of the West
W. H. McNeill
1963; 896 pp.
A HISTORY
THE HUMAN $1.65 Postpaid
cOoMMUYELY from:
The New American Library, Inc.
1301 Avenue of the Americas
W. H. Mc NEILL
mes New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Human Use of the Earth
There is no longer any doubt whatever that among existing verte-
brates anatomical structures are homologous, and that those two
bones——the radius and the ulna——are homologous in the wing
of a bird, the foreleg of.a dog, and the arm of a human. The whole
science of ethology is committed tothe accumulation of sufficient
behavioral data from all animal phyia,.so that theoretical models of
the evolution of behavior may be constructed.
Our technological control of our environment puts us into an
ambiguous relationship with that environment; similar to that
odd and destructive relationship that arises between a jailer and
his prisoner. !t seems as though the more control the jailer
exercises, the more a strange kind of perverse love, a love that
thrives on injury, grows between him and his charge. As the
relationship develops, the prisoner often becomes the stronger
of the two, inflicting by his very passivity the greater hurt.
So we, as we control the environment, have gradually become the
victims of our own control. The role of cycles in our lives, being
natural, should be a joyous source of strength. Generally, how-
ever, we do not acknowledge their existence at all, and when we
do, we see these cyclical changes in ourselves as impediments to
our efficiency.
The act of sharing food with one another seems to be one of the
principal bases for creating societies, whether they be of the insect
or human variety. !t was over this ancient issue of sharing food
that human being: in twentieth-century America suddenly found
themselves behaving more like insects than like creatures in God's
image and endowed (at least by Linnaeus) with sapience.
White Americans did not want to include Negroes within their
In the New World, the so-called ‘classic’ period of the Amerindian
civilizations continued in full bloom for several centuries after 600
A.D. In Guatemala and adjacent parts of Mexico, classic Mayan
cult centers increased in number and complexity. Then, about the
middle of the ninth century, Mayan temples began to be abandoned,
one by one, and jungle grew back over the vast courtyards, roadways,
and steps pyramids. Yet there is no reason to suppose that the
Mayan populations abandoned the region. Perhaps raids from the
north destroyed the prestige of gods who failed to protect their
people from merely human enemies. Or invaders may have captured
and sacrificed the corps of ritual experts, thus preventing the
continuance of the old elaborate cults, even if the common people
still retained full faith in them. But, in view of the absence of any
signs of violence at the deserted sites, it is more probably that the
priestly specialists simply failed to prevent the spread of a simpler,
popular religion that allowed individual farmers to assure the fertility
of their maize fields by appropriate private ceremonies, thus render-
ing the priests’ costly ritual services otiose. In the sixteenth century,
European intruders found just such a private cult among the Mayan
peoples, which (whenever it was introduced) obviously made the
elaborate temple centers of an earlier age permanently unnecessary.
The fact that even the best laid plans for directing human affairs
still often fail may turn out to be humanity’s saving grace.
As we shall see, one of the strategies by which supplies of goods and
services become available for actual use is the movement of the would-
be consumers themselves to the sources of goods or services. There
are even objects that act as containers of man himself, which move
over land, across water or through the air, delivering the individual
To get a handle on your future you've got to get outside your-
self, because only from outside can you see your space-time
environment whole. One way is to identify out into another
culture, Indian or whatever (this is Jim Nixon’s idea). Another to the piaces at which he can obtain goods he desires, or where he
way is to take Philip Wagner's trip into fascinated objectivity will be served as he wishes.
about Earthly doings. In this book he merges some of the | e
best of geographical and anthropological perspective into a The madern inhabitant of commercial country doce net his
detailed treatise on the Earth as tool, how it is used and how world; he buys it. The material circumstances of his life are not the
to understand it better to use it better. outcome of his individual encounter with the natural order, but arise
out of his relations with the social order.
THE HUMAN USE
Ecologically speaking, even very primitive man is an extremely far-
ranging creature. Men have migrated far more widely than almost
any other animals. _
The Human Use of the Earth Man has been described as a ‘tool-using animal,’ but as is well known,
Philip Wagner . many other higher mammals can employ natural objects spontane-
1960; 270 pp. ously as tools. Tool making, however, is peculiar to man.
$1 .95 postpaid e
from:
Free Press Manufacture adds vastly to the wealth upon which men can draw by
making more things usable. It confers the status of resources upon
Macmillan Com
yd things that are of no benefit to any other animal.
Front and Brown Streets
Riverside, N. J. 08075
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
In ordinary human affairs, a breakdown in communication is
generally considered catastrophic. But from the point of view . .
of the taxonomist something new and different can only begin
to occur just at that moment when communications finally do
break down for good, when a splinter portion of the population
finds itself so alienated from the parent group that it turns away
and in upon itself, and in the process develops some new and
special characters.
That traces of territorial marking instincts still persist among humans
,can be established by a wealth of detail. For example the ‘Kilroy
Was Here” drawings of World War I! are undoubtedly territorial
markings. The keepers of public monuments fight a losing battle
against the scrawled, carved, scratched legends that visitors leave.
But perhaps the most directly territorial marking by humans is
the urinal graffiti. As with animals, it is the male of the human
species who is the most ardent marker; and the compulsion to
mark insulting legends on the walls of urinals seemingly transects
all economic classes and educational levels.
It is as one ascends the ladder of psychological complexity, as one
observes animals up through the class of mammals, up through the
order of primates, finally reaching man, that one finds what seems
to be a progressive blurring of that which is innate, or given
by the genetic heritage, and what is the individual response to
individual experience.
But “blurring” is a poor metaphor; it seems more like an alternation,
or oscillation——an oscillation between the historical past embedded
within the very flesh and bone, and the perceived existential present.
At each moment of our becoming (becoming older, wiser, other
than what we were in the previous moment) we are being acted upon
alternately by a pulse of autochthonous existence and a pulse of =
consciously perceived and intellectually evaluated existence; each
alternating pulse modifying the next, so that, as with the sound of
a flute, we are conscious, finally, only of the continuum, the thin,
beautiful, and resonant sound of the self——the self, alive.
Once their intellectual curiosity *
had been aroused, Westerners ’
discovered that the Mosiems pos-
sessed a sophistication of mind and - ‘<4
richness of learning far surpassing
that available in Latin. Regular
schools of translators therefore
set eagerly to work to bring the
treasures of Arabic learning to the
Latin world. Toledo became the
principal seat of this activity; but
parallel work was done also in
Sicily and, on a smaller scale, at z
Salerno, Salamanca, and Venice. 4
The translators sought useful :
knowledge and were little con- x
cerned with belles-iettres. Hence
they concentrated on works of
medicine, mathematics, astronomy,
optics, philosophy, and encyclopedic = F
collections of information about
the natural and supernatural world.
Men some centuries from now will
surely look back upon our time as
a golden age of unparalleled tech-
nical, intellectual, institutional,
and perhaps even of artistic
creativity. Life in Demosthenes’
Athens, in Confucius’ China, and
in Mohammed's Arabia was violent,
risky, and uncertain; hopes strug-
gled with fears, greatness teetered
perilously on the brim of disaster.
We belong in this high company
and should count ourselves for-
tunate to live in one of the great
ages of the world.
Those same features of the most complex human communities which
indicate their ecological advantages also suggest an unusual degree of
inherent ecological risk. Such communities are complex and delicate-
ly balanced, and depend utterly upon their artificiality. They and
the individuals in them are threatened by the same biological
penalties that attend any highly specialized system or species. Their
very technical perfection may destroy them in time as other high
—" have destroyed many former species of animals and
plants.
The individual organism must, on the one hand, be specialized
enough in function to exploit some particular conditions in the
habitat, so as to occupy a niche that no other organism can contest
with it; and it must, on the other hand, possess enough versatility to
adapt to any conditions of environment that may impinge upon its
life activities. These two requirements may be thought of as polar
extremes of a continuous scale, and every species may be placed
somewhere along the scale between specialization and versatility.
Some of the disadvantages of commitment to either specialization or
versatility are overcome by aggregation of organisms into larger groups
within the community.
i
Entremety relevent q
of
a
,
q
The Step to Man
ll be damned. | thought this was another yessir-things-are-
changing technological social treatise thing. No such. It’s
a manual of strategies for changing the world, if you have a
mind to do that. Not heavy stuff about what is terrible
or what should happen, but how to remake life and stay
alive in the process. Strategies like multiple working
hypotheses so you don’t get infatuated with your first idea.
Like seed operations where one phone call makes the whole
thing happen. Like self-stabilizing provisions so a process
is safe from its own too-quick successes.
[Suggested by Steve Baer]
The Step to Man
John R. Platt
1966; 216 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
John Wiley and Sons Publishing Co.
1 Wiley Drive
Somerset, N. J. 08873
Western Distribution:
1530 South Redwood Road
Salt Lake City, Utah 84104
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Strong inference consists of applying the following steps to every
problem in science, formally and explicitly and regularly:
(1) devising alternative hypotheses;
(2) devising a crucial experiment ( or several of them), with
alternative possible outcomes, each of which will, as nearly as
possible, exclude one or more of the hypotheses;
(3) carrying out the experiment so as to get a clean result;
(1') recycling the procedure, making subhypotheses or sequen-
tial hypotheses to refine the possibilities that remain; and so on.
The main reason why our solution of social problems lags so far
behind our magnificent technology today may be that we have not
yet organized the same deliberate search for ideas to deal with them.
Privacy-indeterminacy is the result of the fact that the nervous system
greatly amplifies the tiny light signals or other signals that it detects.
The Unexpected Universe
Loren Eiseley celebrates our grandest ignorances, the places
in human experience where if you stare into them, the
void stares back. City dumps; the open end of evolution;
the unexplored continent in your mind; stars; a Pharaoh’s
dead gesture; edges of oceans. Strong useful prose from
an old guy who knows something clear and bleak about
regeneration.
The Unexpected Universe
Loren Eiseley
1969; 239 pp.
from:
Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc.
757 Third Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
In the end the sea rejects its offspring. They cannot fight their way
home through the surf which casts them repeatedly back upon the
shore. The tiny breathing pores of starfish are stuffed with sand.
The rising sun shrivels the mucilaginous bodies of the unprotected.
The seabeach and its endless war are soundless. Nothing screams but
the gulls. ..
... The sun behind me was pressing upward at the horizon’s rim——
an ominous red glare amidst the tumbling blackness of the clouds.
Ahead of me, over the projecting point, a gigantic rainbow of
incredible perfection had sprung shimmering into existence. Some-
where toward its foot | discerned a human figure standing, as it
seemed to me, within the rainbow, though unconscious of his
position. He was gazing fixedly at something in the sand.
12
Could it be that there is in cultural dynamies e great need for real
physical fuel——say, in the old days, the supply of timber that built
the houses and ships and chariots, and fed the evening fires for
poetry and analysis? There is some evidence in this direction. The
Greeks had mighty pines where only olives grow today; the early
Roman legends were forest legends; the old Chinese scrolls show
densely wooded landscapes where barren hills are now; the early
Egyptian tomb paintings show the kings hunting in forests. And in
the last stages of all these cultures, conservation measures for the
remaining woodland rise high on the list of laws.
| suspect that at any given time the boundary of a culture where
negative feedback set in was determined to a considerable degree
by technical considerations, and was where the marginal expense
of further expansion against hostile nature or man became too great
for the energy and construction supply and the associated organi-
zational technology developed up to that time; and that decadence
and retreat may have set in as much because of the dwindling of
physical energy supply at the center as because of social factors.
Various personal incentive feedbacks to help solve the population
problem have been put forward, but they are often of exactly the
wrong kind. In India, some districts now pay men to be sterilized,
but this is both hopelessly inadequate and has the worst of effects
on individual psychology and public opinion. The same is true of
the suggestion of taxing parents for ‘‘excess’’ children, which is a
suggestion sometimes heard in the United States.
But if we turn the problem around and think of giving a bonus of
one or two hundred dollars a year every year that a couple, of
child-bearing age, does not have an additional child, this would be
mathematically equivalent in total economic terms, but would be
psychologically much more satisfactory and compelling. National
and local governments and school districts would soon find the
payment of such bonuses far cheaper than the cost of added schools
and roads and city services would have been for each additional
child. If the parents are saving society money, why not pay them
part of it? This puts the cash benefits of reduced population in
the right columns on the books.
The Jew said, ‘‘God must be very intelligent because he has created
all these wonderful things——DNA molecules and fish and professors.’
The atheist said, ‘Nonsense. God is very stupid. In the first place,
it has taken him six billion years. And in the second place, he has
done it by the clumsiest possible method, natural selection, just
throwing away everything he couldn't use.”
The Hungarian said, ‘“Gentlemen, gentlemen! You don’t understand
your own question. What !.Q. stands for is Intelligence Quotient.
And a quotient is the ratio of two numbers. In this case, it is the
ratio of the mental age to the geological age. Now God is almost
infinitely wise, but he is also almost infinitely old: and the ratio
of these two infinities may be a small finite number!”
It was so transparent that we all fell to laughing and burst out
together, ““—You mean, about the same as the |.Q. of a smart
Hungarian!”
The thermodynamics of the solar system, and our prediction of
what may happen in it, is incomplete if it does not provide for the
evolution of intelligent men, including Hungarians.
Eventually he stooped and flung the object beyond the breaking
surf. | labored toward him over a half mile of uncertain footing.
By the time | reached him the rainbow had receded ahead of us,
but something of its color still ran hastily in many changing
lights across his features. He was starting to kneel again.
In a pool of sand and silt a starfish had thrust its arms up stiffly
and was holding its body away from the stifling mud.
“It's still alive,” | ventured.
“Yes,” he said, and with a quick yet gentle movement he picked
up the star and spun it over my head and far out into the sea.
It sank in a burst of spume, and the waters roared once more.
“It may live,” he said, “if the offshore pull is strong enough.”” He
spoke gently, and across his bronzed worn face the light still came
and went in subtly altering colors.
“There are not many come this far,’’ | said, groping in a sudden
embarrassment for words. ‘‘Do you collect?”
“Only like this,” he said softly, gesturing amidst the wreckage of
the shore. “‘And only for the living.”” He stooped again, oblivious
of my curiosity, and skipped another star neatly across the water.
“The stars,”’ he said, ‘throw well. One can help them”
...|t is as if at our backs, masked and demonic, moved the trick-
ster as | have seen his role performed among the remnant of a
savage people long ago. It was that of the jokester present at
the most devout of ceremonies. This creature never laughed; he
never made a sound. Painted in black, he followed silently behind
the officiating priest, mimicking, with the added flourish of a
little whip, the gestures of the devout one. His timed and stylized
posturings conveyed a derision infinitely more formidable than
actual laughter. ...
We had been safe in the enchanted forest only because of our
weakness. When the powers of that gloomy region were given to
us, immediately, as in a witch's house, things began to fly about
unbidden. The tools, if not science itself, were linked intangibly
to the subconscious poltergeist aspect of man’s nature. The closer
man and the natural world drew together, the more erratic became
the behavior of each. Huge shadows leaped triumphantly after
every blinding illumination. It was a magnified but clearly
recognizable version of the black trickster’s antics behind the
solemn backs of the priesthood. Here, there was one difference.
The shadows had passed out of ali human semblance; no societal
ritual safely contained their posturings, as in the warning dance
of the trickster. Instead, unseen by many because it was so
gigantically real, the multiplied darkness threatened to submerge
the carriers of the light.
| think we may now be in the time of the most rapid change in the
whole evolution of the human race, either past or to come. It isa
kind of cultural ‘‘shock-front,”’ like the shock-fronts that occur in
aerodynamics when the leading edge of an airplane wing moves
faster than the speed of sound and generates the sharp pressure
wave that causes the well-known sonic boom.
In many ways, it is like a child learning to ride a bicycle. There you
were, up until that day, riding on the three-wheeler where you
couldn't hurt yourself very much. But then you get the two-
wheeler, and it seems terribly scary, and perhaps you fall and skin
a knee or an elbow. But you get up again, and your father holds
the handlebars running along beside you, and suddenly you are
riding alone. At one instant you are incompetent, falling to one
side or the other and steering wrong, and the next instant it
comes right and you are in control, safe and balanced not because
you are fearful and slow but because you are going faster than
ever. Wobbling and weaving but nevertheless choosing your own
path and balancing safely at every turn. So, | think, in 30 or 40
years, if we survive, the human race will come through this time
of wobbling conflict and uncertainty and falling, and will
suddenly be riding in its own chosen direction, free, as only a
coordinated and confident organism can be.
Beware of the man of one method or one instrument, either
experimental or theoretical. He tends to become method-
oriented rather than problem-oriented. The method-oriented
man is shackled; the problem-oriented man is at least reaching
freely toward what is most important. Strong inference
redirects a man to probler-orientation, but it requires him
to be willing repeatedly to put aside his last methods and teach
himself new ones.
In order to carry out any great project, the future good of the group
must be anticipated and turned into present and individual good,
into a reward for every step that is taken in the right direction.
| am beginning to believe that in any social endeavor, it is the
analysis of chain-reacting social processes that will enable us to
choose the best course and will indicate the most effective ways
for our intelligence to multiply its feeble energies. The future
is waiting to respond to a touch, if it is the right touch. It is
ingenuity we need, not lamentations. The world’s future becomes
almost plastic in the light of these possibilities.
We begin to realize that our brains are the most complex and
self-determining things in the known universe. After all the
measurements of atoms and galaxies are folded into laws in some
corner of our networks, there will still be universes of interrelation-
ships in the rest of our networks to be discovered. If this property
of complexity could somehow be transformed into visible
brightness so that it would stand forth more clearly to our senses,
the biological world would become a walking field of light
compared to the physical world. The sun with its great eruptions
would fade to a pale simplicity compared to a rosebush. An
earthworm would be a beacon, a dog would be a city of light,
and human, beings would stand out like blazing suns of complexity,
flashing bursts of meaning to each other through the dull night
of the physical world between. We would hurt each other's
eyes. Look at the haloed heads of your rare and complex
companions. Is it not so?
... Out of the depths of a seemingly empty universe had grown an
eye, like the eye in my room, but an eye on a vastly larger scale.
It looked out upon what | can only call itself. It searched the skies
and it searched the depths of being. In the shape of man it had
ascended like a vaporous emanation from the depths of night.
The nothing had miraculously gazed upon the nothing and was
not content. It was an intrusion into, or a projection out of, nature
for which no precedent existed. Tne act was, in short, an assertion
of value arisen from the domain of absolute zero. A little whirl-
wind of commingling molecules had succeeded in confronting its
own universe.
Here, at last, was the rift that lay beyond Darwin's tangled bank. .. .
| picked up a star whose tube feet ventured timidly among my
fingers while, like a true star, it cried soundlessly for life. | saw
it with an unaccustomed clarity and cast far out. -With it, | flung
myself as forfeit, for the first time, into some unknown dimension
of existence.
Around me in the gloom dark shapes worked ceaselessly at the
dampened fires. My eyes were growing accustomed to their light.
“We get it all,”” the dump philosopher repeated. ‘‘Just give it
time to travel, we get it all.”
Men, unknowingly, and whether for good or ill, appear to be making
their last decisions about human destiny. To pursue the biological
analogy, it is as though, instead of many adaptive organisms, a
single gigantic animal embodied the only organic future of the
world.
Every time we walk along a beach some ancient urge disturbs us
so that we find ourselves shedding shoes and garments, or scavenging
among seaweed and whitened timbers like the homesick refugees
of a long war.
It was the failures who had always won, but by the time they won
they had come to be called successes. This is the final paradox,
which men call evolution.
e
e
a
e
‘
eh BY JOHN R. PLATT
“
and
-
©
=
‘
.
THE
3
Ske
exe
*
So Human an Animal
Dubos has a combined medical and evolutionary perspective
that prepares him perfectly to diagnose and prescribe for
the new ills of mankind, the macro-maladies of cities and
pollution and panic. Unlike other Generalsystem Prac-
titioners, he supports his thoughts with a wealth of fascin-
ating facts and anecdotes presented with a good cheer
that makes health look quite attractive.
As the year 2000 approaches, an epidemic of sinister predictions is
spreading all over the world, as happened among Christians during
the period preceding the year 1000.
So Human An Animal
We behave often as if we were the last generation to inhabit the earth. René Dubos
1968; 267 pp.
If the rebellious young succeed in discovering a formula of life as $2 45 ¥
attractive as that of the troubadours, we may witness in the twenty- «49 postpaid
first century a new departure in civilization as occurred in Europe
after it recovered from the fears of the tenth century. To be from: : ’
humanly successful, the new ages will have to overcome the present Charles Scribner's Sons
intoxication with the use.of power for the conquest of the cosmos, 597 Fifth Avenue
and to rise above the simple-minded and degrading concept of man New York, N.Y. 10017
as amachine. The first move toward a richér and more human ,
philosphy of life should be to rediscover man’s partnership with or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
nature.
The ancient arts and crafts have all but disappeared, in part because
the Indians no longer believe in their ancestral gods, but also because
they do not find the time to carve and to paint now that they have
accepted the efficient ways of technological civilization!
Because of the crucial role that water played in the early history of
the Near East, conflicts continuously arose over water rights.
Etymologically the world “rivalry” derives from the Latin
rivus, a stream.
Considered broadly, evolution always involves learning from exper-
ience. The learning may take place by storage of genetic information
in the chromosomes, by accumulation of knowledge and skills in the
individual organism, or by transmission of practices and wisdom in
institutions or in society as a whole.
Certain evolutionary changes probably had their primary origin in an
exploratory curiosity that made animals discover new ways of
sustenance and of life. In Great Britain during the past few years, the
birds known as tits have developed the habit of pecking through the
cardboard tops of milk bottles delivered in the morning at doorsteps.
Apparently, the birds open the bottles to get at the cream. As one
tit tends to imitate another, the habit has progressively spread from
a few centers in Britain to other parts of Europe.
Under natural conditions, birds learn their song patterns from their
parents and from other birds of the same species around them. In
the laboratory, newly hatched birds can also learn from playbacks
of recorded songs. .
Japanese teenagers are now much taller than their parents and differ
in behavior from prewar teenagers because the conditions of life in
postwar Japan are different from those of the past. This finding is
in agreement with the fact that first-generation Nisea children in
America approach average American children in their growth and
development.
History shows that cultures of a sort can emerge from the most
improbable ways of life, provided these last long enough to become
integrated into an organic whole. The emergence of a new culture
is rarely if ever the result of a conscious choice with a definite
goal in mind
*
The Character of Physical Law
/f you look larger or smaller than the skinny realm of life,
all you see is physics. It is our substratum and superstratum.
These famous Feynman lectures introduce the subject as no
other book has.
[Suggested by Lyle Burkhead] i
The Character of Physical Law =
Richard Feynman
1965; 173 pp. M.1.T. Press
$2.45 postpaid 50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
If we take a fundamental particle such as an electron——any different
o Mew one will give a different number, but to give an idea say electrons——
two electrons are two fundamental particles, and they repel each
Water pulled parity other inversely as the square of the distance due to electricity,
way fran Zatth by mom and they attract each other inversely as the square of the distance
due to gravitation.
Between Two Execraows
Gravitation Attraction
Question: What is the ratio of the gravitational force to the electrical
force? That is illustrated in figure 7. The ratio of the gravitational
uae rede mam attraction to electrical repulsion is given by a number with 42 digits
‘ Oe tailing off. Now therein lies a very deep mystery. Where could such
a tremendous number come from? If you ever had a theory from
which both of these things are to come, how could they come in
CO») 0 such disproportion? What equation has a solution which has for
two kinds of forces an attraction and repulsion with that fantastic
ratio?
AuN Situstion People have looked for such a large ratio in other places. They hope,
for example, that there is another large number, and if you want a
The water at y is closer to the large number why not take the diameter of the Universe to the
moon and the water at x is diameter of a proton——amazingly enough it also is a number with
farther from the moon than 42 digits. And so an interesting proposal is made that this ratio
the rigid earth. The water is is the same as the ratio of the size of the Universe to the diameter
pulled more towards the moon of a proton. But the Universe is expanding with time and that means
at y, and at x is less towards that the gravitational constant is changing with time, and although
the moon than the earth, so that is a possibility there is no evidence to indicate that it is a fact.
there is a combination of those There are several partial indications that the gravitational constant
two pictures that makes a has not changed in that way. So this tremendous number remains
double tide. a mystery.
is rising or diminishing. The lakes are lined up because
: and then sank. Geology cycles slow, but big.
*
The New Gravity
/‘m not competent to evaluate this ambitious set of new
hypotheses about gravity and time. | can only be delighted
that the authors have published in comic book format.
The New Gravity
Aman Ben Abraham
1969; 64pp.
$1 .00 postpaid from:
San Francisco Comic Book Co.
3339 23rd Street
San Francisco, CA 94110
*
Things Maps Don’t Tell Us
This seductive book——each page has a big simple illustra-
tion and accompanying text——teaches you to see what's
happening jn a piece of landscape. The mountain range
the strata are. The atoll is there because a volcano was, '
Things Maps Don’t Tell Us
Armin K. Lobeck
1956; 160 pp.
$5.95 postpaid from:
Macmillan Company
Front and Brown Streets
Riverside, N. J. 08075
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Haversiraw_-
The CROTON DELTA of Present remnant of
ON, DEL
Glactal times porting Croton Point
The clue to the origin of Croton Point is the Croton Following the final disappearance of the ice and
River. During the waning stages of Glacial Time, the removal of this great weight, the crust of the
when this part of the continent stood somewhat earth in this part of the United States gradually
lower than it does now, because of the great rose above sea level. In the Croton Delta region
weight of ice upon it, the Hudson River was about the elevation was about 80 feet, with the result
80 feet deeper in Haverstraw Bay than it is at that the flat top of Croton Point stands now 80
present. The Croton River, pouring out from the feet above sea level. An important result of this
melting ice front, carried great quantities of sand —_rising was the invigorating effect it had upon
and gravel into Haverstraw Bay and built there a the Croton River. This stream, therefore, flowed,
large delta which reached halfway across the more swiftly, and eroded its valley extensively.
river. Like most deltas built into quiet estuaries, Much of the delta was removed by the river, so
the Croton Delta was more or less round in shape, that now only the northern half remains. This
with distributary streams flowing outward in all is clearly revealed by its present shape.
directions toward its margins.
STAGE 2. A BARRIER REEF, ENCLOSING A
PARTIALLY SUBMERGED VOLCANIC ISLAND
Animal
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Laws of Form
The laws of form have finally been written! With a “Spencer
Brown” transistorized power razor (a Twentieth Century
model of Occam’s razor). G. Spencer Brown cuts smoothly
through two millennia of growth of the most prolific and
persistent of semantic weeds, presenting us with his superbly
written Laws of Form. This Herculean task which now, in
retrospect, is of profound simplicity rests on his discovery
of the form of laws. Laws are not descriptions, they are
commands, injunctions: “Do!” Thus, the first constructive
proposition in this book (page 3) is the injunction: “Draw a
distinction!” an exhortation to perform the primordial
creative act.
After this, practically everything else follows smoothly: a
rigorous foundation of arithmetic, of algebra, of logic, of
a calculus of indications, intentions and desires; a rigorous
development of laws of form, may they be of logical
relations, of descriptions of the universe by physicists
and cosmologists, or of functions of the nervous system
which generates descriptions of the universe of which it is
itself a part.
The ancient and primary mystery which still puzzled Ludwig
Wittgenstein (Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, A. J. Ayer (ed),
Humanities Press, New York, 1961, 166 pp.), namely that
the world we know is constructed in such a way as to be
able to see itself, G. Spencer Brown resolves by a most
surprising turn of perception. He shows, once and for all,
that the appearance of this mystery is unavoidable. But
what is unavoidable is, in one sense, no mystery. The
fate of all descriptions is “ . . . what is revealed will be
concealed, but what is concealed will again be revealed.”
At this point, even the most faithful reader may turn
suspicious: how can the conception of such a simple
injunction as “Draw a distinction!” produce this wealth
of insights? It is indeed amazing——but, in fact, it does.
The clue to all this is Spencer Brown’s ingenious choice for
the notation of an operator | which does several things at
one time. This mark is a token for drawing a distinction,
say, by drawing a circle on a sheet of paper which creates
a distinction between points inside and outside of this
circle; by its asymmetry (the concave side being its inside)
it provides the possibility of indication; finally, it stands
for an instruction to cross the boundary of the first
distinction by crossing from the state indicated on the
inside of the token to the state indicated by the token
{A space with no token indicates the unmarked state).
Moreover, these operations may operate on each other,
generating a primary arithmetic, an opportunity which
is denied us by a faulty notation in conventional arith-
metic as pointed out by Karl Menger in “Gulliver in the
Land without One, Two, Three’ (The Mathematical
Gazette, 53, 24-250; 1959).
These operations are defined in the two axioms (no other
ones are needed) given on pages 1 and 2. They are:
Axiom 1. The law of calling
The value of a call made again is the value of the call.
That is to say, if a name is called and then is called again, the
value indicated by the two calls taken together is the value
indicated by one of them.
That is to say, for any name, to recall is to call.
(in notation: Sa =" = |
the “form of condensation”.)
Axiom 2. The law of crossing
The value of a crossing made again is not the value of the crossing.
That is to say, if it is intended to cross a boundary and then it -
is intended to cross it again, the value indicated by the two
intentions taken together is the value indicated by none of them.
That is to say, for any boundary, to recross is not to cross.
(In notation: =
For instance, take a complex expression
Then, by the two axioms
the ‘form of cancellation’’.)
Ex
!n the beginning this calculus is developed for finite expres-
sions only (involving a finite number of “T), simply because
otherwise any demonstration would take an infinite number
of steps, hence would never be accomplished. However, in
Chapter 11, Spencer Brown tackles the problem of infinite
expressions by allowing an expression to re-enter its own
space. This calls for trouble, and one anticipates now the
emergence of antinomies. Not so! In his notation the
classical clash between a simultaneous Nay and Yea never
occurs, the system becomes “bi-stable”, flipping from one
to the other of the two values as a consequence of previous
values, and thus generates time! Amongst the many gems
in this book, this may turn out to be the shiniest.
14
Sometimes the reading gets rough because of Spencer
Brown’s remarkable gift for parsimony of expression. But
the 30 pages of “Notes” following the 12 Chapters of
presentation come to the reader’s rescue precisely at that
moment when he lost his orientation in the lattice of a
complex crystal. Consequently, it is advisable to read
them almost in parallel with the text, if one can suppress
the urge to keep on reading Notes.
/n an introductory note Spencer Brown justifies the math-
ematical approach he has taken in this book: “Unlike more
superficial forms of expertise, mathematics is a way of
saying less and less about more and more.” If this strategy
is pushed to its limit, we shall be able to say nothing about
all. This is, of course, the state of ultimate wisdom and
provides a nucleus for a calculus of love, where distinctions
are suspended and all is one. Spencer Brown has made a
major step in this direction, and his book should be in the
hands of all young people——no lower age limit required.
[Reviewed by Heinz Von Foerster.
Suggested by Steve Baer]
Laws of Form
G. Spencer Brown
1969; 141 pp.
$5.40 postpaid al
from:
Blackwell's
Broad Street
Oxford, ENGLAND
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
CONSTRUCTION
Draw a distinction.
CONTENT
Call it the first distinction.
Cali the space in which it is drawn the space severed or cloven
by the distinction.
Call the parts of the space shaped by the severance or cleft
the sides of the distinction or, alternatively, the spaces, states, or
contents distinguished by the distinction.
INTENT
Let any mark, token, or sign be taken in any way with or with
regard to the distinction as a signal.
Call the use of-any signal its intent.
In all mathematics it becomes apparent, at some stage, that we
have for some time been following a rule without being con-
sciously aware of the fact. This might be described as the use
of a covert convention. A recognizable aspect of the advancement
of mathematics consists in the advancement of the consciousness
of what we are doing, whereby the covert becomes overt.
Mathematics is in this respect psychedelic.
One of the most beautiful facts emerging from mathematical studies
is this very potent relationship between the mathematical process
and ordinary language. There seems to be no mathematical idea
of any importance or profundity that is not mirrored, with an almost
uncanny accuracy, in the common use of words, and this appears
especially true when we consider words in their original, and
sometimes long forgotten, senses.
The main difficulty in translating from the written to the verbal
form comes from the fact that in mathematical writing we are
free to mark the two dimensions of the plane, whereas in speech
we can mark only the one dimension of time.
Much that is unnecessary and obstructive in mathematics today
appears to be vestigial of this limitation of the spoken word.
Any evenly subverted equation of the second degree might be
called, alternatively, evenly informed. We can see it over a sub-
version (turning under) of the surface upon which it is written,
or alternatively, as an in-formation (formation within) of what
it expresses.
Such an expression is thus informed in the sense of having its
own form within it, and at the same time informed in the sense
of remembering what has happened to it in the past.
We need not suppose that this is exactly how memory happens in
an animal, but there are certainly memories, so-called, constructed
this way in electronic computers, and engineers have constructed
such in-formed memories with magnetic relays for the greater
part of the present century. ;
We may perhaps look upon such memory, in this simplified in-
formation, as a precursor of the more complicated and varied
forms of memory and information in man and the higher animals.
We can also regard other manifestations of the classical forms
of physical or biological science in the same spirit.
©
There is a tendency, especially today, to regard existence as the
source of reality, and thus as a central concept. But as soon as
it is formally examined (cf Appendix 2), existence [ex = out, ~
stare = stand. Thus to exist may be considered as to stand
outside, to be exiled.] is seen to be highly peripheral and, as
such, especially corrupt (in the formal sense) and vulnerable.
The concept of truth is more central, although still recog
nizably peripheral. |!f the weakness of present-day science is
that it centres round existence, the weakness of present-day
logic is that it centres round truth.
Throughout the essay, we find no need fo the concept of
truth, apart from two avoidable appearances (true = open to
proof) in the descriptive context. At-no point, to say the
least, is it a necessary inhabitant of the calculating forms.
These forms are thus not only precursors of existence, they
are also precursors of truth.
It is, | am afraid, the intellectual block which most of us
come up against at the points where, to experience the world
clearly, we must abandon existence to truth, truth to indication,
indication to form, and form to void, that has so held up the
development of logic and its mathematics.
Tao Teh King
Reviewing the Tao is like reviewing the Bible. As soon as
you presume, it just giggles and rains on you. Nevermind.
The Tao Teh King is a very old book (500 B.C. is one date)
written by a legend named Lao Tzu. It describes how the
universe is and makes an excellent case for harmony as the
only survival technique that works. This translation by
Archie Bahm is straightforward.
(For other translations, see p. 80)
[Suggested by Jack Loeffler]
Tao Teh Ki
Lao Tzu; Archie Bahm
? B.C., 1958; 126 pp.
$1.25 postpaid
from:
Frederick Ungar Publishing Co
250 Park Avenue South -
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Everyone says: “Nature is great, yet Nature is simple.”
It is great because it is simple.
If it were not simple, long ago it would have come to little.
Nature sustains itself through three precious principles,
which one does well to embrace and follow.
These are gentleness, frugality and humility.
When one is gentle, he has no fear of retaliation.
When one is frugal, he can afford to be generous.
When one is humble, no one challenges his leadership.
But when rudeness replaces gentleness,
And extravagance replaces frugality,
And pride replaces humility,
Then one is doomed.
Since a gentle attack arouses little antagonism,
And a gentle defense provokes little anger,
Nature predisposes to gentleness those most suited for
survival.
Intelligent control appears as uncontrol or freedom.
And for that reason it is genuinely intelligent control.
Unintelligent control appears as external domination.
And for that reason it is really unintelligent control.
Intelligent control exerts influence without appearing to
do so.
Unintelligent control tries to influence by making a show ot
force.
It is because we single out something and treat it as distinct
from other things that we get the idea of its opposite. Beauty,
for example, once distinguished, suggests its opposite, ugliness.
And Goodness, when we think of it, is naturally opposed to
badness.
In fact, all distinctions naturally appear as opposites. And
opposites get their meaning from each other and find their
completion only through each other. The meanings of “‘is’’ and
“is not” arise from our distinguishing bet, 1 them.
Likewise, “‘difficult and easy,” “long and short,” “high and
low,” “loud and soft,” “before and after’’—all derive their
meanings from each other.
Therefore the intelligent man accepts what is as it is. In seeking
to grasp what is, he does not devote himself to the making of
distinctions which are then mistaken to be separate existences.
In teaching, he teaches, not by describing and pointing out
differences, but by example.
Whatever is exists, and he sees that nothing is gained by
representing what fully exists by*a description—another lesser,
diluted kind of existence.
If something exists which cannot be wholly revealed to him with
his viewpoint, he does not demand of it that it be nothing but
what it seems to him.
If some one else interprets him, he does not trust that inter-
pretation as being equal to his existence.
If some part of him stands out as if a superior representative
of his nature, he will not surrender the rest of his nature
to it.
' And in not surrendering the whole of his nature to any part
of it, he keeps himself intact.
This is how the intelligent man preserves his nature.
We cannot escape the fact that the world we know is constructed in
order (and thus in such a way as to be able) to see itself.
This is indeed amazing.
Not so much in view of what it sees, although this may appear
fantastic enough, but in respect of the fact that it can see at ail.
But in order to do so, evidently it must first cut itself up into at
least one state which sees, and at least one other state which is
seen. In this severed and mutilated condition, whatever it sees
is only partially itself. We may take it that the world undoubtedly
is itself (i.e. is indistinct from itself), but, in any attempt to see
itself as an object, it must, equally undoubtedly, act so as to make
itself distinct from, and therefore false to, itself. In this condition
it will always partially elude itself.
e
To explain, literally to lay out in a plane where particulars can be
readily seen. Thus to place or plan in flat land, sacrificing other
dimensions for the sake of appearance. Thus to expound or put
out at the cost of ignoring the reality or richness of what is so
put out. Thus to take a view away from its prime reality or
royalty, or to gain knowledge and lose the kingdom.
=
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|
Laws
pia
OF
4
FORM
G. SPENCER BROWN
On Growth and Form
(a)
Fig. 143. (a) Harpinia plumosa Kr.; (b) Stegocephalus inflatus Kr.;
(c) Hyperia galba.
A paradigm classic. Everyone dealing with pose
growth or form in any manner can use the
book. We’ve seen worn copies on the shelves
of artists, inventors, engineers, computer
systems designers, biologists. Would one of <
you do a thorough review of D’Arcy Thomp- SS
son’s venerable book for the CATALOG? ——}
When Plateau made the wire framework of a regular
tetrahedron and dipped it in soap-solution, he ob-
tained in an instant a beautifully symmetrical system
of six films, meeting three by three in four edges and
these four edges running from the corners of the fig-
ure to its centre of symmetry. Here they meet, two
by two, at the Maraldi angle; and the films meet
three by three, to form the re-entrant solid angle
which we have called a ‘‘Maraldi pyramid” in our
account of the architecture of the honeycomb.
The very same configuration is easily recognized in
the minute siliceous skeleton of Callimitra. There
are two discrepancies, neither of which need raise
any difficulty. The figure is not rectilinear but a
spherical tetrahedron, such as might be formed by
the boundary edges of a tetrahedral cluster of four
co-equal bubbles; and just as Plateau extended his
experiment by blowing a small bubble in the centre
of his tetrahedral system, so we have a central bub-
ble also here.
This bubble may be of any size; but its situation (if
it be present at all) is always the same, and its shape
is always such as to give the Maraldi angles at its own
four corners. The tension of its own walls, and those
of the films by which it is supported or slung, all bal-
ance one another. Hence the bubble appears in plane
projection as a curvilinear equilateral triangle; and we
have only got to convert this plane diagram into the
corresponding solid to obtain the spherical tetra-
hedron we have been seeking to explain.
The geometry of the little inner tetrahedron is not less simple
and elegant. Its six edges and four faces are all equal. The films
attaching it to the outer skeleton are all planes. Its faces are spherical,
(a) (b)
Fig. 63. Di ic construction
a cage; (b) another bubble within a skeleton of the former bubble.
and each has its centre in the opposite corner. The edges are circular |
arcs, with cosine 4; each is in a plane perpendicular to the chord of'\
the arc opposite, and each has its centre in the middle of that chord. =
Along each edge the two intersecting spheres meet each other at an \ YY
angle of 120°.
Fig. 150. Polyprion.
Fig. +51. Pseudopriacanthus altus.
ion of Callimitra. (a) A bubble suspended withir,
Fig. 62. A Nassellarian skeleton, Callimitra agnesae UkI\. (0-15 mm. diameter)
The engineer, who had been busy de-
signing a new and powerful crane, saw in
a moment that the arrangement of the
bony trabeculae was nothing more nor
less than a diagram of the lines of stress,
or directions of tension and compression,
in the. loaded structure; in short, that Na-
ture was strengthening the bone in pre-
cisely the manner and direction in which
strength was required; and he is said to
have cried out, ‘““That’s my crane!"
On Growth and Form
D’Arcy Wentworth Thompson
Two volume edition
1917, 1952
$27.50 postpaid
Abridged paper edition
1917, 1961; 346 pp.
$2.75 postpaid
from:
Cambridge University Press
510 North Avenue
New Rochelle, N. Y. 10801
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
The Tao of Science
No high-minded bridging of East and West, this. Buta
successful director of research showing how valuable an
informed and experienced Taoist sense of harmony can
be to the conduct of science. It can help balance the
scientist, and it offers an avenue to balancing the appli-
cation of what the scientist learns. Good medicine for
over-specialization.
The Tao of Science
R. G. H. Siu
1957; 180 pp.
$2.45 postpaid
from:
The M. |. T. Press
50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
It is as impossible to appeal to a neutral principle to determine the
rationality of competing systems, as it is to invoke a neutral vocab-
ulary to characterize a language. It is in the name of one kind of
logic that one rejects the logic of another. Arnold Nash illustrated
this “irrational prejudice’ of reason very well in the story of a
doctoral examination. The candidate, who submitted a study on
Mormon history, was asked whether he, being a Mormon,
regarded himself sufficiently unprejudiced to write a thesis
on Mormon history. The student replied, “Yes, if you, not a
Mormon, consider yourself unprejudiced enough to examine it.”
An important difference exists between “‘having-no’’ knowledge and
having “‘no-knowledge.”’ The former is merely a state of ignorance;
the latter is one of ultimate enlightenment and universal sensibilities.
To the confirmed rationalist, no-knowledge may appear to be the
hugger-muggery of the mystagogue. Nevertheless, it is precisely
its ineffability that lends force to its reality. The mysteries of
epee appear to be mysteries only to those who refuse to participate
inthem. ...
With rational knowledge, the scientist is a spectator of nature. With
no-knowledge, he becomes a participant in nature. There is acom-
munion of understandings. He no longer shares that tragic suffering
of many individuals, who ‘‘fear of finding oneself alone,”” as André
Gide describes it, ‘‘and so they don’t find themselves at all.””
... This all-embracing applicability of no-knowledge makes it a
valuable tool for the executive. It provides him with a common
ground of all situations. It is his means of transcendence over
specific experience of which he has not yet tasted. Versed in
no-knowledge, he is at home under otherwise strange conditions;
he always finds familiar strains in his management of assorted
enterprises. .
The scientific West adopts the positive method and the Taoist East
the negative. In the positive method the item under question is
intentionally pointed out and described. In the negative method, it
is specifically not discussed. By not dissecting the ineffable x
in question but merely restricting discourse to objects that it is
not, the features of the x are revealed in our dim consciousness.
Not only must the optimum be exhibited in quantity and space
but also in time. According to Barnard, the art of executive
decisions consists in ‘‘not deciding questions that are not now
pertinent, in not deciding prematurely, in not making decisions
that cannot be made effective, and in not making decisions that
others should make.”
Relinquishing the intellectual throne for the life of a commoner is
a hard chore for science after three hundred years of free ranging
and a hundred years of lordship. We can fully appreciate her reluc-
tance to make the sacrifice. Yet she should remember that when Christ
asked the rich man to give what he had to the poor, he was not think-
ing particularly about the poor.
The efficient management of organized research also demands gusto
and quickened action. ‘‘He who would train in the fortress of contem-
plation,”’ as the saying of Gregory the Great goes, ‘‘must first train
in the camp of action.”” It is only in participation that the final
synthesis of knowledge can be embodied in a unitary attitude to
life. A faulty execution of a sound plan generates no more beneficial
an outcome than a sound execution of a faulty plan. Some
executives have even gone so far as to say that nothing is right
which does not work. This may be too extreme a pronouncement.
Yet, of what service to humanity is a dream entombed? Unless
results are effected, the dreamer will continue to share the bewilder-
ment of the March Hare, who was trying to fix the Mad Hatter’s
watch with butter in Alice in Wonderland. All he could say was:
“‘And it was the best butter, too, the best butter.”
TWD
Ait
q
Fig. 101. Crane-head and femur. After Culmann and J. Woltf
— |
.
Be
15
*
The Stress of Life
It has been suggested that this book be reviewed with the thought
in mind of its being included in the WEC. Now before going into
the criteria for that, it should be stated that the entertainment
value, or readability of this book is high. Further note that according
to a quoted review the book “... is very readable. ..." You will
experience “... Dr. Selye’'s persuasive enthusiasm." Yet another
(not quoted in the book) says it can be read “. .. with considerable
pleasure." And thus spake (also sprach) the Library Journal:
“... orchids upon this... incomparable exposition. ..."
In the reading——this applies chiefly to the first 4/5 ths of the
volume——a word of advice is picked up from a review quoted in
the book itself and credited to the American Journal of Public
Health. The book, happily, docs not contain “. .. a mass of
data of questionable relevance...” but the reader is cautioned
to“... maintain balance amid Dr. Selye’s persuasive enthusiasm”
These words gain weight when one is apprised that they were
written for the reviewing journal by Ancel Keys, one of this
country’s great physiologists.
Now back to the WEC. The WEC states that the criteria for
listing something in its pages shall be four in number, videlicet:
1) useful as a tool, 2) relevant to independent education,
3) high quality or low cost, and 4) available by mail. This
book immediately meets criteria 3 and 4.
Criterion 2 is a sort of double-barreled one that depends not only
upon the nature of the book but also upon what the reader does
Now to get back to the question of criterion number one——the use
of the book asa tool. Up to page 258 it is not useful as such to the
general reader, Sclye says, “All we have Said up to now helps to
guide treatment on the part of a physician,” and “. . . even dietary
treatment must be controlled by a competent physician. All this book
can do in this respect is to help the patient understand why his
physician prescribes a certain regimen; it could not presume to be an
adequate preparation for self-treatment along such purely medical
lines.” BUT, “... there are many things I have learned from the
study of stress, which the physician cannot use but the patient can.
I particularly want to share these lessons with you. ... "’ OK,
reader, you are now on your own, and you will indeed find out
that criterion number one is met.
[Reviewed by R. D. Chamberlain, M.D.]
The Stress of Life
Hans Selye, M.D.
$2.75 postpaid :
from:
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
What is disease——not any one disease, just disease in general? This
question lingered on in my mind, as it undoubtedly has in the minds
of most physicians of all nations throughout history. But there was
no hope of an early answer, for nature——the source of all know-
ledge——rarely replies to questions unless they are put to her in the
form of experiments to which she can say ‘‘yes”’ or ‘‘no.”’ She is
not loquacious; she merely nods in the affirmative or in the
negative. ‘What is disease?’ is not a question to which one can
reply this way.
Occasionally, if we ask, “What would you do if... ?”’ or, "What
is in such and such a place?” she will silently show you a picture.
But she never explains. You have to work things out yourself
first, aided only by instinct and the feeble powers of the human
brain, until you can ask precise questions, to which nature can
answer in her precise but silent sign language of nods and pictures.
Understanding grows out of a mosaic of such answers. It is up
to the scientist to draw a biueprint of the questions he has to ask
before the mosaic makes sense.
Fortunately, it is not so much the existence of things that we do not
know, or about which we are too uncertain, that handicaps our
research, but the existence of things we do know and about whose
interpretation we are quite certain——although they may turn out
to be false. Lack of equipment, or even lack of knowledge, is much
less of a handicap in original research than an overabundance of
useless materials or useless (and sometimes false) information which
clutters up our laboratories and our brains.
with it. Dr. Selye epitomizes the relevance to independent
education in his dedication: “This book is dedicated to those who
are not afraid to enjoy the stress of a full life, nor too naive to
think that they can do so without intellectual effort.” So let
us now say that criteria 2, 3, and 4 have now been met.
The term adaptation energy has been coined for that which is
consumed during continued adaptive work, to indicate that it is some-
thing different from the caloric energy we receive from food; but
this is only a name, and we still have no precise concept of what
this energy might be. Further research along these lines would
seem to hold great promise, since here we appear to touch upon
the fundamentals of aging.
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Stress is essentially the rate of all the wear and tear caused by life.
It will take a whole book to explain the complex mechanisms
through which the body can reduce this type of wear and tear. But e
let me say here, by way of an introduction, that although we cannot
avoid stress as long as we live, we can learn a great deal about how
to keep its damaging side-effects to a minimum. For instance, we
In order to determine if the book meets criterion number one as
well, let us first quote the author, “I... recommend that only
physicians, or readers who are at least reasonably familiar with
current problems of physiology and medicine, should read this
book from cover to cover.” He directs the rest of us cats to
irst re V is divi. -V incl.
Ses my ote (the volume is divided into Books F-V incl.) are just beginning to see that many common diseases are largely LEVEL OF NORMAL _
in small installments of. .. ten to twenty pages at a time. Now due to errors in our adaptive response to stress, rather than to RESISTANCE VW \
it turns out that Book V contains “... the practical implications
and applications of the stress concept in everyday life....”
Hence, criterion number one is going to be met by the contents
of Book V——a mere matter of 52 pages——or it is not going
to be met at all.
direct damage by germs, poisons, or other external agents. In this AR. S.R. SE.
sense many nervous and emotional disturbances, high blood pres-
sure, gastric and duodenal ulcers, certain types of rheumatic, In the acute phase of the alarm reaction (A.R.), general resistance,
allergic, cardiovascular, and renal diseases appear to be essentially to the icular stressor with which the G.A.S. had been elicited,
dis dap tati
eases OF iap tation. falls way below normal. Then, as adaptation is acquired, in the stage
Let us now diverge a bit. “The main purpose of this book is to : ’ > ’ ? of resistance (S.R.), the capacity to resist rises considerably above
tell... what medicine has learned about stress.” It should be normal. But eventually, in the stage of exhaustion (S.E.), resistance
noted in passing that there is a glossary at book's-end to help out aqseasied th attaching the petit tt continent to the pe of the drops below normal again.
on the technical terms. The main subject of the book is the G.A.S. world
(general adaptation syndrome) which comes to be called the stress
and, may between the previously known and the hitherto unknown that Adaptability can be well trained to serve a special purpose, but
be said to be a GAS. First, one should mention that a syndrome is constitutes the essence of scientific discovery. eventually it runs out; its amount is finite.
merely a collection or constellation of related signs and symptoms
which is characteristic of a disease or condition of malfunctioning. e "
The G.A.S. is the sum-total of all non-specific changes that occur
in the body during the time it is being acted upon by a Stress-
producing agent (stressor.) These non-specific changes occur in
three stages, 1) alarm, 2) resistance, and 3) exhaustion. Number 3
eventuates, if it continues, in death. Most stresses are only severe
enough to produce stages 1 and 2. Going through I and 2 repeatedly
in one’s lifetime constitutes “adapting” to things. Various degrees
of failure to adapt, Selye says, result in various disease or degen-
erative conditions.
Star Maker
It is not to see something first, but to establish solid connections
° The fact is that a man can be intoxicated with his own stress
Paracelsus (whose true, but somewhat bombastic, name was Theo- hormones. | venture to say that this sort of drunkenness
phrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim) was a famous Swiss physician has caused much more harm to society than the other kind.
who lived during the sixteenth century. In his treatise on “Diseases
Which Deprive Man of his Reason, he stated that ‘the best cure = quota. Many more people are the helpless slaves of their own
and one which rarely fails is to throw such persons into cold water. stressful activities than of alcohol. Besides, simple rest is no cure-
© all. Activity and rest must be judiciously balanced, and every
person has his own characteristic requirements for rest and
activity. To lie motionless in bed all day is no relaxation for an
active man.
... It is not easy to tune down when you have reached your stress-
Disease is not mere surrender to disease, but also fight for health;
and unless there is fight there is no disease.
The sheer beauty of our planet surprised me. It was a huge pearl, set
in spangled ebony. |t was nacrous, it was an opal. No, it was far more
lovely than any jewel. Its patterned colouring was more subtle, more
ethereal. It displayed the delicacy and brilliance, the intricacy and har-
mony of alive thing. Strange that in my remoteness | seemed to feel,
as never before, the vital presence of Earth as of a creature alive but
tranced and obscurely yearning to wake.
+
The sport of disembodied flight among the stars must surely be the ‘
most exhilarating of all athletic exercises. It was not without danger;
A man’s consciousness unwillingly departs his body and his
planet. Once in space he accomplishes willed travel in search
of Star Maker. His journey takes him into the minds of other
planetary beings; a company of these travel together and
witness countless civilizations; eventually they participate
in a combined consciousness of worlds that in time embraces Star Maker but its danger, as we soon discovered, was psychological, not physical.
the stars as well; this leads to galactic and cosmic consciousness *j Olaf Stapledon In our bodiless state, collision with celestial objects mattered
reer . 1937; 188 pp. little. Sometimes, in the early stages of our adventure, we plunged
and the culminating encounter with Star Maker. by accident headlong into a star. Its interior would, of course, be
Jordan Belson, who | trust in these matters, asserts that it is $2.50 postpaid inconceivably hot, but we experienced merely brilliance.
a true vision, that Stapledon’s whole life pointed at attaining from: The psychological dangers of the sport were grave. We soon discovered
that disheartenment, mental fatigue, fear, all tended to reduce our pow-
ers of movement. More than once we found ourselves immobile in
space, like a derelict ship on the ocean; and such was the fear roused
by this plight that there was no possibility of moving till, having
experienced the whole gamut of despair, we passed through indif-
ference and on into philosophic calm.
it, and that the book will be used and discussed for centuries.
This Dover edition has an earlier Stapledon story, “Last and
First Men,” which Jordan considers negligible.
Dover Publications, Inc.
180 Varick Street
New York, N. Y. 10014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Age of Discontinuity
Almost certainly, the star’s whole physical behaviour is normally
experienced as a blissful, an ecstatic, an ever successful pursuit of
formal beauty. This the minded worlds were able to discover through
their own most formalistic aesthetic experience. In fact it was
through this experience that they first made contact with stellar
How come Peter Drucker has so much good sense and
mind.
perspective, and still remains so cheerful? Tradi tionally
considerations such as his—economics, organizations, the
future—turn a prophet’s soul terrible and dark or at least 1969; 401 pp.
partially wiggy. The only other intact floater on this ocean $7.95 postpsid
| know of is Marshall McLuhan. You sense that both of . wiles ai
them have a backyard in their mind that resides somewhere oo x
else, some time else. (It would be worth pursuing this. 40 East J a pl a
How To Think Big and Stay Sane.) New York, N. 7 10016 Pitti ttt
Peter bP LLECKE? Yet though |BM is now shipping computers at a rate of a thousand
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG oP Aes a month, we do not have the equivalent of Edison’s light bulb.
What we are lacking is not a piece of hardware like the light bulb.
What we still have to create is the conceptual understanding of
information. As long as we have to translate laboriously every set
of data into a separate “‘program,’’ we do not understand information.
We have to be capable of classifying information according to its
characteristics. We have to have a “‘notation,”” comparable to the one
St. Ambrose invented 1,600 years ago to record music, that can
express words and thoughts in symbols appropriate to electronic
pulses rather than in the clumsy computer language of today. Then
each person could, with very little training, store his own data within
a general system, that is, in what the computer engineers call a
“routine.” Then we shall have true “information systems.”
The Age of Discontinuity
Peter F. Drucker
| said, ‘‘It is enough, and far more than enough, to be the creature of so
dread and lovely a spirit, whose potency is infinite, whose nature passes
the comprehension even of a minded cosmos. It is enough to have been
created, to have embodied for a moment the infinite and tumultuously
creative spirit. It is infinitely more than enough to have been used, to
have been the rough sketch for some perfected creation.”’
The Age of Discontinuity takes notice of the remarkable
continuity of the last 50 years in building on the
technological breakthroughs of the Victorian era. Now,
says Drucker, we are in for some hard changes, particularly
around new technologies (of information, materials, oceans,
megalopolis), global economics, and redistribution of
responsibility in large organizations.
Since the computer first appeared in the late 1940's the information
industry has been a certainty. But we do not have it yet. We still
do not have the effective means to build an “information system.”
This is where the work is going on, however, The tools to create
information systems may already exist: the communications satellite
and other means of transmitting information, microfilm and the TV
tube to display and store it, rapid printers to reduce it to permanent
record, and soon. There is no technical reason why someone like
Sears Roebuck should not come out tomorrow with an appliance
selling for less than a TV set, capable of being plugged in wherever
there is electricity, and giving immediate access to all the information
. needed for schoolwork from first grade through college.
:
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ane Feral &
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The Year 2000
Js Herman Kahn the bad guy (as liberal opinion would have
it) or a good guy (as in some informed opinion)? Kahn will
hang you on that question and while you're hanging jam infor-
mation and scalding notions into your ambivalence. He does
this best with a live audience, but this book is a fine collec-
tion of the information he uses.
Here is most of the now-basic methodology of future study—
multi-fold trends, surprise-free projections, scenarios, etc.
And here are their results. It’s the best future-book of the
several that are out.
In my opinion, it is not particularly an accurate picture of
the future but the most thorough picture we have of the
present—the present statistics, present fantasies, present ex-
pectations that we’re planning with. We are what we think
our future is.
The Futurist
In part because the Future is a new field of methodic study
this is a lively newsletter. It reports bi-monthly on new
books and programs having anything to do with social fore-
casting. Future study is like education: everybody thinks
they‘re good at it. The newsletter has some of that diluted
flavor, but it doesn’t matter. Useful pointing at useful
activities done here.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Abraham Maslow, a Brandeis University psychologist, has postulated
that all men share certain basic needs which can be arranged in a
hierarchy of five levels, from the most fundamental physiological
needs to the needs of intellectual and spiritual fulfillment. The
five levels are:
1. Physiological needs: To survive, man needs food, clothing,
shelter, rest. As the imperative requirements for staying alive,
these represent the most elemental needs.
2. Safety or security needs: When physiological needs are satisfied,
man wants to keep and protect what he has. He starts to try to
stabilize his environment for the future.
3. Social needs: As his environment becomes more stable, he seeks
to be part of something larger than himself. He has social needs
for belonging, for sharing and association, for giving and receiving
friendship and love.
4. Ego needs: These are the needs that relate to one’s self-esteem
(needs for self-confidence, independence, achievement, competence,
knowledge) and one’s reputation (needs for status, recognition,
appreciation, deserved respect of one’s peers)
5. Self-fulfillment needs: Finally comes the need for growth, self-
development, self-actualization. As the capstone of all his other
needs, man wants to realize the full range of his individual potential
as a human being.
At each level, needs determine values and patterns of behavior.
At the survival level, for instance, man values food, clothing and
shelter most highly. It is important to note that a satisfied need
is not a motivator of behavior. (Once hunger has been satisfied,
it no longer has much motivating force.) Furthermore, higher
level needs operate only when lower level needs continue to be met.
Mankind 2000
Politicians seldom invent things. They respond to pressures
by reaching into the current social invention bag and finding
whatever looks like the most promising program for this day
our daily conflict.
So who makes the inventions? A motley crew is who. Pol-
itical aids, academes, business entrepreneurs, artists, liberal
Scientists, and occasionally a grass root and friends. Some
of their thoughts get published; some purely happen.
Whether you’re an inventor or a piece of the pressure, you
may want to know what’s in the bag so far for the rest of
this century. This book has a good range of the published
ideas and expectable pressures, some lovely, some harrow-
ing, all impinging on your very own personal world to
come.
Mankind 2000
Robert Jungk, Johan Galtung, Ed.
1969; 368 pp.
$14.90 postpaid
from:
Universitetsforlaget
P.O. Box 142
Boston, Mass. 02113
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
THE Year 209
A FRAMEWORK
TABLE IX
The Postindustrial (or Post-Mass Consumption) te
1. Per capita income about fifty times the preindustrial
2. Most “economic” activities are tertiary and quaternary (ser-
vice-oriented), rather than primary or secondary (production-
oriented)
. Business firms no longer the major source of innovation
. There may be more “‘consentives” (vs. ‘‘marketives’’)
3
4
The Year 2000 nony J. Wi ’ §. Effective floor on income and welfare
co. end Anthony J. 6. Efficiency no longer primary
4 7. Market plays diminished role compared to public sector
$9.95 postpaid and “social accounts”
8. Widespread ‘“‘cybernation”
9. “Small world”
Front end Brown Streets 10. Typical doubling time’’ between three and thirty years
Riverside, Burlington County 11. Learning society
Cumenctrsting the mam techs of he New Jersey 08075 12. Rapid improvement i in educational institutions and tech-
worte most niques.
cannes or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 13. Erosion (in middle class) of work-oriented, achievement-
by HERMAN KAHN oriented, advancement-oriented values
The Futurist
14, Erosion of ‘’national interest’’ values
15. Sensate, secular, humanist, perhaps self-indulgent criteria
become central
Changes in value systems will be the major determinant of social,
political and economic developments on the domestic scene.
It may well be that identifying value changes will become the single
most important element of environmental forecasting. For, if
these changes can be identified and analyzed, then it will be that
much more feasible to predict the course of the major currents
in our society.
$5.00 for one year (bi-monthly) of Significant Volue-System Changes: 1968. 1980
World Future Society :
P.O. Box 19285
20th Street Station Nationalism a
; Stete
Washington, D.C..20036
Public enterprise c Private enterprise
3 Individve!
=, H —
Independence Interdependence
A Generation Looking for ‘‘Munich’’ May Be Followed Seciobility alll Privecy
by a Generation Looking for “Vietnam”
Matenalism Quolity of life
There was, once upon a time, a generation whose consciousness was = Seana
formed by Munich, and that generation has been walking around "ane tains innovation
looking for Munich ever since. Among them are the guys who got Pénee glumeiag | Immedvacy
us into this crazy disaster in Vietnam, because they were looking
for Munich and they thought they had found another one. Wes | ave
Try to think what it is going to mean to have millions of Americans Authasiey | i i
looking for Vietnam the rest of their lives. That is: the first thing Guiiniedtasinen | | Cesennatention
they say about an American President is: ‘‘He is probably lying to repmatiom
Not the last thing. Not the thing you come to through great rationality
suffering. But the first thing you say is: ‘That son-of-abitch is Moral Absolvtes | ethics
probably lying, because every American President | can ever remember fgcccax 7 a
has been lying to |
That is going to cut very deep, because if you are living in a society technology!
in which a big chunk just doesn’t believe the government is legitimate, NS 969 Vole: Profile 1980 Valves Profile
or thinks it probably isn’t, and you've got to prove to them with
great labor that it is, that is a very strange event in American history.
—Arthur |. Waskow
Waste
Pond
Manure
Dairy
CoLony
Green
From Oxi Fish
‘idation Fro
Waste From From Rain Pond Pond
10 000 - 40.000: Tons/y,.,
Fig. 3. Production of perishable foods in urban village
(Population up to 35,000 persons)
The neatest case is the sit-ins, where the civil rights movement said,
One way of anticipating probable ccmmnt in values, attitudes and
behavior is to view them as the consequences of a progression, on
a national scale, up Masiow’s hierarchy of needs. Since man is a
creature of seemingly endless needs, we can predict that, when one
has been satisfied, another will appear in its place. Furthermore,
when one level of needs has been satisfied, he will proceed to the
next level. The levels are progressively less essential in terms of
sheer survival, and more important in terms of living at one’s
fuilest human potential (which seems to be the ultimate level of
aspiration).
We might be able to create ‘‘future gaming” centers
which could offer experience in “‘living’’ alternative
futures to people who are fed up with the present
but have no feei for a workable or desirable society.
Meat Arthur |. Waskow
Sewage-produced algae would be fed to chickens and
fish (cattle do not need the protein) according to
minor modifications of existing art in these forms
of husbandry (Fig. 3
Altogether, about two thirds or more of the
weight and at least a quarter of the caloric intake
of the urban diet can very likely be produced
economically inside the city itself using present
Vegetables knowledge
Small Fruits Richard L. Meier
Even in advanced countries, futurology is not necessarily
identical and, moreover, can be roughly divided into three
groups:
European type
US-Soviet type
Japanese type
“Our desirable-achievable future is that we want to be able to eat
in integrated restaurants. We will not petition legislatures to require
Yujiro Hayashi
integration, we will not petition the owners of the restaurants to
integrate, we will simply create the future. This is, we will integrate
the restaurants, and it will rest upon those who have the power
of
law and the power of ownership in their hands, to decide how to
respond to that creation. So we will build now what it is we want
to exist in the future, and society will have to react to that. it will
have to let us build it, or it will have to punish us for building it. If
it punishes us for building it, we believe we can build support around
that vision of the future, and can, therefore, mobilize people into
action to achieve that future.”
Arthur |. Waskow
In the times of Antipatro the Macedonian, the first
water-driven mills made people exclaim, ‘“The
Golden Age is returning!”
Silvio Ceccato
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Shelter and Land Use
Edited by Lloyd Kahn
*
Domebook One
A book (the first) for domebuilders, with detailed step-by-
step instructions on building 7 different type domes, most
of them geodesic.
A portion of the book describes domes built as part of the
curriculum at an experimental high school, several of the
structures built almost entirely by 15-17 year olds.
There are both simple and detailed explanations of geodesic
geometry, exterior photos of the different domes, interior
fisheye photos, and sketches of details.
Geodesic chord factors (constants that allow you to cal-
culate strut lengths for different size domes) are published -
here for the first time——up to 6 frequency for “alternate
breakdown,” to 8 frequency for “‘triacon breakdown.”
The nature of the dome designs is experimental; the pur-
pose of the book is to communicate the builders’ exper-
ience; the hope of the writers is to initiate individual
dome building, innovations, & prototypes.
[The above is Lloyd trying to review his own book. He’s
hopelessly modest. If you’re doming, the book is simply
necessary. —SB]
Plywood Domes
We have built seven domes like this in about three months’ time. Most
of those on our building crew were 15-17 years old.
We used pipe-section hubs and stainless steel straps for the framework——
a method first used by Fletcher Pence in the Virgin Islands about ten
years ago. The skeleton framework is first strapped into place,
a membrane is then attached, and joints are waterproofed.
We used 2 x 3's for the skeleton, 3/8" Duraply plywood for skin, clear
ultra-violet resistant vinyl in geometric patterns for light, polyurethane
caulk for sealing joints, and other ingredients listed below. The entire
dome——struts and skin——will fit in a 3/4 ton pickup truck.
VITAL STATISTICS—Pacific Dome
Geometry: 3-frequency geodesic, 5/8 sphere, icosa-alternate breakdown,
vertex zenith
Diameter: 24’
Weight (not including floor) 2050 Ibs
Volume: about 4400 cubic feet
Floor area: (not including lofts) 452 sq ft
Note: volume is a far better measure of living space, especially in a
dome, as you'll not be confined to the floor area.
DOME INGREDIENTS
—12 pieces 4’ x 7’ plywood for small triangles
—24 pieces 4’ x 8’ plywood for large triangles
—6 pieces 4’ x 9’ plywood for extra-large triangles
—about 750 lineal feet 2 x 3’s for struts (of 8’ and 10’ lengths). Figure
the proper number of each to order.
—61 hubs, cut from sections of pipe
—about 500’ stainless steel strap, about 400 stainless steel buckles
—about 20 Ibs 4d or 6d hot dip galvanized nails
—quantity of window material up to you
—12 tubes of caulk
—2% gallons primer, 2% gallons finish coat paint
—misc. materials for vent, door etc.
—floor materials not included
subtract for windows
Total Cost: $929.00
Talde of struts: make a large, clear copy of this and post by the saw
Steut Number to cut ing 3%"
A 46 11/16" 0° 10°
4 55 5/8" 78° 170 Check shop
c 80 7/8" 78° 12
“Strut lengths here are based upon
3 1/2” diameter hubs. If you use
Angie: use an adjustable protractor to double check the saw's gauge. Hold it against
fence, pull blade out and check to see that biade parallels protractor
Length: tape measures are made to hook over a piece of wood. For greater accuracy
use the 1” line on the tape measure and line it up with inside of saw blade. Add 1”
Make sure table and fence are made of clear straight wood. Close one eye and sight
down the fence.
Domebook One from:
1970; 56 pp. Pacific Domes
Box 1692
$3.00 postpaid Los Gatos, CA 95030
5 or more $2.25 each or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
(except quantity orders)
Tube Frame Domes
THE FRAME
Any suitably strong tubing can be used, but the cheapest and easiest
» to get is “EMT” electrical conduit. It is easy to work with and is
plated, so painting isn’t necessary. %’’ is not suitable for any domes
that will be subjected to heavy weather conditions, but it is useful
for indoor structures and small (up to 14 feet diameter) domes. %"’
conduit will bend if climbed on. %” is best for most uses. It whole-
sales for about 9¢/ft. Using the chord factors, you can use %” conduit
in triangles whose sides are up to 4% feet long. 4 feet is maximum
where there will be snow loads. This will result in about a 24 foot
maximum diameter in 3-frequency. For larger domes you will
need bigger tubes or a higher frequency. Bigger tubes are hard to
squash! Think first.
Cutting
The tubes should be cut according to the chord factors plus 1%"’.
The chord factor gives the “‘center-of-hole to center-of-hole”’
length, and there must be about %” beyond the holes. Conduit
| comes in ten foot lengths. You get two struts from each length
for making domes up to about 24 feet diameter.
Squashing
Flatten the tube tips 2%" from the ends, by squeezing them in
avise. A big vise. Small ‘“‘home workshop” vises will break.
Miscellaneous Ideas
Completely transparent dome with pop-in insulating panels. Adjust
dome to the season, change light patterns to block or admit sunlight,
view different parts of landscape.
Hang a swing in your dome for quick passage from one side to another.
Aluminum and galvanized steel can be used as skins for domes.
Aluminum doesn’t have to be painted, will last about 25 years
(near the ocean it should be anodized), and is soft. Galvanized
steel has to be painted and is stiff.
You can use thin metal if you spray the inside of the dome with
foam. The panels should be sprayed from the inside with auto-
mobile undercoating or something like it to keep the dome from
booming.
With a metal skin and a wood frame the panels can be shingled. Cut
the panels an inch or two larger than the actual size of the triangles
(Then when the panels are attached to the frame they overlap.
See metal tube domes.). For sealing you put a strip of viny! foam
or tape caulk over the struts before attaching the panels. The panels
can be stapled to the frame. You should use a staple gun that makes
the staples curve outward. For thick metal you can rent an air stapler.
Models are essential. Don’t try to build a dome without first making
and studying models. However, don’t get so involved with models
that you never trv a real structure.
STRUT MODELS
These are models of the structural framework of a dome, made with
1/8” dowels and ‘’D-Stix’”’ rubber connectors. You can get the
connectors from Edmund Scientific Co., 100 Edscorp Building,
Barrington, N. J. 08007. Dowels can be obtained at a hobby shop
(they are used by model airplane hobbyists) or you can buy one of
the D-Stix kits from Edmund, with colored dowels.
Making a 3-Frequency Sphere
Your first model should be a sphere, since a dome is a portion of a
sphere. You can then determine where to cut it off, how to orient it
to the earth, and see the relationship of a geodesic sphere to the
icosahedron.
Important note: when figuring the length of model struts, be sure you
subtract for the length of the . In the following table, this
has been done.
Here are calcul. for a 3-freq y sphere. Check these out yourself
before cutting, using chord factors below. For ease in multiplying chord
factors, the metric system is preferable. Remember to adjust for connector.
Strut Chord Factor —_ Length of Strut Color Code Make this Many
A 3 23/32" Red 60
8 -4035 4 13/32" Blue 90
c 4124 4 V2" Yellow 120
Putting it Together
You are actually making a spherical icosahedron, with its 20 faces subdivided
into smaller triangles. Red struts outline vertices of icosa faces.
Put together one face:
and continue until you have 20 of these subdivided triangles. It will be
clearer with colors than it looks above.
Lay out 4 x 8 panels on the floor plan of your intended dome in a
pattern that makes sense. Remember if you are using 1 1/8” ply-
wood to keep the tongue and grooves meshing properly. See if
you can do it in a way that the cut off plywood ends can be over-
turned and used upside down at the other side of the dome to fill
in the empty spaces. Also, if possible, arrange things so a whole
4 x 8 will bridge the beam nest over the center pier, as shown.
Scrap A is turned over and used at B, locating edge P as shown in
Fig. 1. For a 20’ dome this can mean that you can make the plat-
form from only 11 sheets! (see drawing). Also, space the plywood
so that the edges arrive over beams in the strongest manner. If it
all works out well, you will save wood and piers.
~
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Floor plan
Tony Mager’s hub for space grids
Insulation is 1 1/8” polystyrene (“styrofoam”). This is the white
you see on the interiors of the plywood domes. You must get
fire resistant foam, as fires are going to burn very efficiently in
domes.
The foam is pure white, granular, and combined with the wood
Struts, gives the dome a half-timbered look. It feels more wooden
than plastic.
It's put in with three small nails per triangle.
Fuller Sun Dome
Blueprints for a 3-frequency geodesic dome. The $5
includes construction license. Designed for swimming
pool covers, dome plans specify wood strips and
cheap polyethylene skin. However, you can modify
to build domes of other materials, such as plywood,
parachutes, or car tops. A simple system: two triangles
make the dome; can be used up to about 35’ diameter.
[Suggested by Ken Babbs.]
Geodesic Sun Dome
1966
$5.00 postpaid
from:
Sun Dome
Popular Science Monthly
355 Lexington Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
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*
Arcology
/f | get it right [and getting it at all is something: it takes
either lots of work or none at all] Soleri sees the next step
in evolution as man’s job. He sees that step manifested in
an organism and that organism is the city. Soleri says that
the first part of his book is the most important. But on
seeing the second part it’s very difficult to muster much
time for the first part. It pays though, nicely. Soleri
refers to Teilhard de Chardin in approaching the under-
standing of man as a cosmic problem by ascending from
physics, chemistry, biology and geology. Western man
must rise from his technology and one (I think) way is
by being aware (of it) but ignoring it at the same time.
The manifestation of a process like this is, | think, a series
of drawings like that of the second part of the book. These
drawings are like doorways, they’re of fantastic cities,
wholly improbable but obviously, cosmically, possible.
In fact, they are made real just by their presence in one
place (the book) and by the interrelatedness of one project
to the next, page to page, with seminal sketches appearing
in the corners here and there. What's most fascinating is
the next obvious steps: the Cosanti buildings in Arizona
and Arcosanti, about to begin. He’s not starting all at
once, big money style but the way cities have always
started: little by little. Like Nieuw Amsterdam on the
tip of Manhattan Island or whatever city began at whatever
river crossing or natural harbor, Soleri is beginning at a
crossing of cosmic consciousness.
[Reviewed by Ron Williams]
Structure comes before performance.
There is then a profitable ground for learning about the cities of
today by reflecting on the hypothetical and as-yet-unreal city-
asteroid. For it the conditions are harsher, the probiems more
packaged, the survival-success story more elemental, and the
hypothesis slightly less human than one might desire. However,
what is built in is not so much the fraud of simulation as the
frugality of investigation.
Lunacy is part of man’s burden. Thus, while man dies on
earth through hunger and malice, he works feverishly at the
2ncounter with the black naught of space. He will need out there a
real machine for living. Man and his earthly morphological con-
finement is a dead duck in space. He will be stuffed into a superlung,
wrapped by superdigestive tracts, governed by superchemical brains.
He will not look into the crystal ball; he will be inside it. Life will
‘ be interiorized, not psychologically but physically: the life inside,
not the life on (the earth). The center or the axis of the machine
prow be the center of gravity. Man’s head will point at it, not his
t.
Should man take with nim out there, beside his biological condition,
anything else that has a biological flavor? He may have to, while
nurturing his expectation for a non-biological self. He may have to
for his physical and mental health. Miniaturization is the pass-
word to the fantastic voyage. For a long time symbolism will be
the real context of space life, the testing of events to come and not
necessarily of space events but of more pressing earthly problems——
the miniaturization of the performance of the human race on the
space ship earth.
: The City in th fM
Paolo Soleri
1969; 121 pp.
$25.00 postpaid
from:
Cosanti Foundation
6433 Doubletree Ranch Road
Scottsdale, Arizona 85253
or
The MIT Press
50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
EXTRACTING AND HARVESTING (INDUSTRIES
Novanoah | — Floating city for 400,000
Asteromo is an asteroid for a population of about 70,000 peopie.
It is basically a double-skin cylinder kept inflated by pressuri-
Zation and rotation on its main axis. The inner skin is the ground
on which man walks. It is lined with vegetation for food and the
carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle. (Unknowingly | arrived at some-
where between 10 and 20 square meters of garden per person, the
same order of magnitude considered by the Russian space scientists.)
Asteromo
Plan of Arcodiga (dam or
To introduce living and working into the masonry of the dam means
to transform a monolithic, noncellular system into one that is
articulated and cellular. For equal mass the cellular system, not
randomly given but structurally conceived, is stronger because it
allows selectivity of orientation and dimensionality.
If one then considers the 1:7 ratio of redundance in the safety
coefficient in the dams built in the United States, one can see the
wealth of schemes that can effectively and magnificently trans-
form the blind mass into a aan environment
Of all man’s activities, it is ipiisoniiid production that will move
inside the earth’s crust. Efficiency, safety, compactness (minia-
turization), and the use of the surface of the earth for other things
will force automated production under the ground. Large systems
are already set in many functional layers of different kinds, most
of them for communication, transportation, and storage. Produc-
tion will join them and then oust the transportation system, as
this will move to various levels of the city.
THE POSSI BL
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Miniaturization
Shelter and Society
Almost all the books you ever see on architecture are
concerned with monumental building, a result of the
relationship between architects and wealthy patrons.
Seldom do you see anything on buildings by the people,
of local materials and in simple harmony with the
surrounding landscape.
Here’s an exception. On the cover is what at first glance
appears to be a primitive Portuguese fisherman’s house.
On closer inpsection, it’s a picture of one of Drop City’s
domes, colorful, funky, having sprung from the trash of
wasteful society.”
10 types of dwellings are covered, by different writers. A
comparison of the pueblo and the hogan, the walled city
of Old Dethi, the Norwegian Laftehaus, Villages on the
Black Volta, and a fine article by Bill Voyd on funk
architecture at Drop City. Many of the photographs
are too dark, but you won't find them elsewhere.
!t’s more of a book on the functions of the buildings
than on the external aesthetics.
“All is as it should be”, says one of the beings.
“Nothing is complete,” returns the other; “look at those
Creatures below this mountain, whom we see assembling, then
disbursing, looking about, and betaking themselves to shelter.”
From the Prologue to The Habitations of Man in All Ages
by Viollet-le-Duc, translated by Benjamin Bucknall,
Architect. 1876.
Shelter and Society
Paul Oliver, ed.
1969; 167 pp.
10.00 postpaid
from:
Frederick A. Praeger, Publisher
111 Fourth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$7.36 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
To the Egyptians, shelter for the dead was more important than
shelter for the living; our factories, he argued, suggest that shelter a
for machines is better served today than that for men or gods: a
“Shelter seems, indeed, to have been a minor consideration in ioe
_ many of the early cultures.”
For the very congruity and harmony which is so frequently a
source of admiration and comment in architectural writings on
vernacular shelter is evidence of the integration of the building
in the life of the community as a whole.
The close link between dwelling and land expressed in the resem-
blance of the pueblo to a land-form seems to reflect the overall
harmony of man and nature. The house is sacred, and so is the
whole landscape and everything in it. Corn was more than a food,
it was a symbol of life, and corn growing was regarded as a religious
activity. Among the Tewa, for example, the greater part of religion
centres around corn and, by extension, around agriculture in general.
This attitude must influence the form of the pueblo and particularly
its siting and relationship to the land; it helps to explain why the
pueblo seems such an inevitable part of its surroundings.
Sun movements and solstices are extremely important, being related
to ceremonial cycles. The pueblo is carefully orientated: it is
related both to mountains (‘Life comes from the mountains”) and
to the six cardinal points and the sacred directions of East and North.
|
7
VERTICAL TARE-OFF AIRPORT
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Geodesics
This is the first book wholly devoted to geodesics. Good
text, clear drawings, introductory text on the basic principles
of Fuller’s geodesic domes.
Shown are domes of wood, metal and plastic, most of them
produced industrially; along with the various domes are
detailed sections of hubs, construction methods, and assembly
sequences,
The brief text discusses
—polyhedra
—orientation
—breakdown
—frequency
—base truncation
—cherd factors (the constants necessary for calculation of
different diameter domes).
Zome designer Steve Baer adds:
e illustrations are beautiful. are good for a designer’s \ et Ee A\
childhood by pinpointing pts. of symmetry from which
patterns grow.
[Suggested by ONYX]
Diamond packaging sequence, an ingenious pin and hinge system
allows diamond components to partially disassemble reducing
packagin volume, typical diamond and base support shown.
A Fuller Research Foundation Project.
Geodesics
nee Edward Popko
of 1968; 124 pp.
$4.00 postpaid
from:
| University of Detroit Press
4001 West McNichols Road
GEODESICS Detroit, Mich. 48221
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
=
Space Grid Structures
A space grid is a means of spanning great distances with ii,
little weight, and a few intermediate supports. Buckminster
Fuller's Octetruss at the Museum of Modern Art in 1959
was 35’ wide and spanned 60’ one way, 40’ another from
one column of supports. It was fabricated of 2” pipe. AY
Space grids consist of two parallel planes, forming a floor v7,
and ceiling; “web” members in between connect them in €
such a way that external loads are distributed in all SOKA IK é.
directions.
This book is“. . . an exchange of information about what
has been done recently in the development of flat space
grid structures.” There are photos, drawings, models of
structures and joints. The three sections of the book deal
with flat double-layer space grid structures, stressed-skin
% f e grids, and fine clear drawings of pace gr vd eon etries. Project by Alexander Graham Bell. Bell concerned himself with space structures based on the
Also an extensive bibliography. Very little text; it’s not tetrahedron. He developed space frames having combinations of axially loaded members by
needed as the drawings and photos are excellent. themselves and in combination with stressed-skin systems. Shown is a three-way space frame
constructed of metal rods and connectors.
Space Grid
Structures
John Borrego
1968; 200 pp.
$12.50 postpaid
from:
The M. |. T. Press
Room 765
50 Ames Street
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Structural Design in Architecture A balloon built by means of two flat, identical spherical sectors
with a radius of 160 ft and an opening angle of 30°, supports a
live load g = 30 psf and is to be prestressed with a safety factor
Scope: Load determination, material characteristics, design of 4/3
of beams, frames, cables, arches, plates, thin shells, mem-
branes, space frames. des j g n j
This is a book of tested formulas that give back-of-the- architecture
envelope solutions that are good to within a few percent. cs
Nothing revolutionary. Just very well done. The book is ie
set up in useable fashion——derivations that give a good
feel for what's going on, relevant formulas, and realistic
examples. Salvadori is a real-world man: he knows where
precision is required and where it is not, and that most
architects and builders can only handle algebra and trig, si S> i
maybe a little calculus. So he makes the right simplifi- Structural Design in Architecture \ ae
fying assumptions on complex problems, to produce a ony ye and Matthys Levy
book that architects can USE: many structures can be $ The two of the re
completely designed, and larger, more complex structures 18.95 postpaid
[Suggested and reviewed by Charles Tilford] ora oS ee the balloon and the compression
in the ring, neglecting the dead
Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 07632
. or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
WS SSA \ ZA
INS
Y
Wa
Y
WAABAABY
Fie: 12
/
*
O’Dome
The O’Dome is a lightweight circular structure that can be
transported in a station wagon and erected in three hours.
Even though the manufacturer seems to be aiming it at
Playboy readers for beach cabanas—— “instant vacation house”
—~it looks like a low cost highly portable, well designed unit
that could easily be trucked into the woods for quick shelter.
/t is of stress panel design (the bend-over sections are the
framework as well as the membrane), and modular, meaning
you can connect one to another. Tension rings top and
bottom hold the panels together,
Different color panels, different sizes, options as to amount
of glass.
/ assume it’s waterproof.
Dyna Domes
There are about a dozen Dyna Domes on the outskirts of
Phoenix. Each new one built gets a little closer to the city
limits, and it’s the hope of domebuilder Bill Woods to have
the city fathers wake up one morning, find themselves
surrounded by domes, and admit the new creatures under
the wings of the building codes.
These are good quality, low
cost plywood domes, with
fiberglass exterior, and
polyurethane foam insulation
sprayed on the inside. Wood
struts are put together with
patented metal connectors,
seams are filled with high-
strength caulk, then taped
with fiberglass.
You have the choice of having
a dome erected (within 500
miles of Phoenix), buying a
kit, or purchasing just the
connectors with plans.
Woods has been experimenting
for some time with foam-fiber-
glass buildings, has built a
machine that produces the
sandwich panels, and is about
to market a foam dome.
Futuro
Finland, famed for its forests, and finely-crafted wooden
structures, has produced the first well-detailed, commer-
cially available foam fiberglass dwelling.
Now being manufactured in the U. S., the Futuro——a
shiny elliptical pod——looks like it just landed. It can
be dropped in by helicopter (expensive though) and
requires no site preparation. It’s structurally strong,
well insulated,-and has retractable stairs. Interior looks
plastic and shiny and badly needs some madras bed-
spreads and non-plastic human touches.
FUTURO FACTS
1. 100% insulated 2°’ polyurethane foam——heats from —22 to 72 F.
in 30 minutes.
. Positive pressure ventilation system——air conditioning available.
. Complete kitchen facilities.
. Bathroom facilities with shower and either chemical or standard
water closet.
. Internal partitions can be modified to sleep up to eight people in
one unit or can be divided into two double bed motel units,
or supplied bare, except for water closet. Furnishings include
6 convertible chaise/beds, lighted arm rests, center table,
barbecue, fireplace, carpets, partitions, shelves, etc.
6. Interior and exterior are made of fiberglas, including furnishing
(except for carpeting). Estimated life span in excess of 30 years.
7. Almost completely maintenance free for life of unit.
8. Exterior colors available: Pale blue, pine forest green, pale pink,
9
ao PWN
lemon yellow. Interior decor complements exterior.
. Snow load in excess of 10 feet; wind load over 100 miles per
hour, sealed against all water, dust or air infiltration.
10. Gross weight about 800 pounds; diameter 26 feet; internal
height at center——11 feet; effective area at window height——
500 square feet; volume——5000 cubic feet; supporting structure
——steel stubing with legs proportioned for O to 20 site slope.
15’ diameter $1200
20’ diameter $2000
25’ diameter
from:
Tension Structures, Inc.
419 East Main Street
Milan, Mich. 48160
Complete dome, erected on concrete floor within 500 miles
of Phoenix: approx. $4.00 per sq. ft. floor space.
Complete kit with instructions for erection: approx. $2.00
per sq. ft. floor space.
Hub connectors, with plans for building it yourself: $2.00
per strut.
$2500-3500, depending on amount of glass
Figure 3 SKELETAL MEMBER
11. No site preparation whatsoever, except for concrete piers to
bolt down legs (plus utilities to site). Special independently
operated utilities for more remote areas.
12. Designed for maximum security when stairs are retracted.
13. Twenty double acrylic windows——optionally operable. Viewable
windows can be placed in either lower or upper hemisphere.
14. Portable (assembled) by helicopter or barge.
15. Portable (disassembled) by truck or rail.
ZONING AND BUILDING CODES——Futuro is available for Class
! or 1! Fire Ratings and will be suitable for sparsely developed areas,
or those conforming to National Building Codes.
TYPICAL SHIPPING COSTS——(f.0.b. Philadelphia) ——Helicopter
assembled about $1000 per 100 miles. Car or Truckload disassembled
varies. West Indies——Barge and Helicopter at Island $3,000 assembled.
Brochure free from:
Dyna Dome
22226 North 23rd Avenue
Phoenix, Arizona 85027
Futuro House
$10,000 for shel!
$14,000 for completely equipped house
F. O. B. Philadelphia
from:
Futuro Corporation
1900 Rittenhouse Square
Philadelphia, PA 19103
The Futuro House
is now on display
at 20th and
John F. Kennedy Bivd.,
Philadelphia.
ol
entire patented connecting dence
aesembly tates two which rece of
about three hours the panel next to it, sealing
ud Drew -pull fasteners :
ere supplied at both ends for
together the tension
romes at the bottom and top
The O'Dome is new Tre first ponet 18 anchored
circular type stressed on the perimeter and shaped
panel structure. Special x te curving contour
shaped panels are joine
together under L 4 5
types of stress at differ 4
ent places 7% Lach subsequent panel in \
penmeter is tension previous panel in three 4
ting. Atew leet stove simple steps. Snapping ».
the base at the “hip” together the draw-pulls ot |
reeted which gives t ng of tension et the base ‘Pink,
ite cherectens ette ~ ling the panels into line with
fing 1s formed. Panels pression ring at the “hip
30 9q ft space This process 18 repeated
~ pencis and the sliding glass 3 :
é iG - ere, aa Put a trap door storage box in your deck. a
HIGH STRENGTH SEALER FIBERGLAS TAPE
DYNA DO % INCH FIBERGLAS
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* — “mi
This is. an utterly beautiful book, a study of the people,
history, geography, and vernacular architecture in a small
area in southern Italy known as the Murgia of Trulli,
The several different types of stone shelters of the region
are covered extensively, including cave dwellings hewn
from solid stone, unmortared stone domes called trulli,
and arches and vaults built with “ragbag patchwork tech-
nique” by the masons of Cisternino. ,
The book is primarily concerned with how the archi-
tectural forms came into being and how the building
techniques derived from the needs of the builders.
Descriptions and text are clear, photos superb.
- Stone Shelters
Edward Allen
1969; 199 pp.
$13.50 postpaid
from:
The M.1.T. Press
50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The making of a cave is the antithesis of the usual construction
process. A cave is space produced directly by the subtraction of
a relatively smal! amount of solid material from avery large mass.
A more conventional shelter, whether it be a trullo, a vaulted
stone townhouse, or the reader’s own dwelling, is space produced
indirectly by its enclosure with pieces of solid material added
together.
Tufo is a marvelous material. It is dense.enough and hard enough to
have served as both exterior and interior finishes, yet soft and fine-
grained enough to have been cut into almost any shape for any pur-
pose. Because of the immense height, length, and thickness of the
tufa otiffs, great-freedom_of planning was possible.
The Owner-Built Home
Ken Kern makes a unique offer to anyone
thinking about building his own home: for
$10 he furnishes a preliminary house design,
as well as a copy of The Owner-Built Home,
which is about the most useful book on
building available.
OWNER-BUILT
For the design, send him a sketch of your
building site, along with space requirements
and personal likes and dislikes; or you may
prefer to get the book first and read the first
chapter on ’Site and Climate’ before sending
in the information.
The book is sound advice on the best low-cost
building techniques from around the world:
Africa, India, Israel: countries that cannot
Ken Kern
afford U.S.-style waste. Much of it is not in 1961; 300 pp.
rint elsewhere,
$10.00 postpaid
A 1” concrete floor with loading stressesof gon.
450 Ibs per sq ft; houses built of earth, woven ken Kern Drafting
bamboo and bottles, as well as of conventional Sierra Route
materials. How to hook up your plumbing in Oakhurst, CA 93644
a simple central core.
Good dope on concrete-proportions, additives =
such as sawdust or emulsified asphalt for a
Ting connector
‘comfort cushion’ floor. Details on wood
framing, how stud wall houses are overbuilt,
the strength of threaded nails.
P—2x4 trysses ox
There is much good data on building with
rock and earth; how to make a sliding form
for rammed earth and a discussion of the
strength of rammed earth and soil cement.
Why don’t you hear anything these days about
earth wall buildings? :
Inasmuch as there is nothing in bare earth
to sell, no commercial group can be found
to extol its merits.
Lots more, with a bibliography at the end of
each chapter for further research.
22
~The raw material for a trullo could come from several possible. —
sources. Loose stones from the field were one; quarried stone
another. Often a large rainwater cistern or wine tank would be
excavated in the rock beneath a tru/lo-to-be, and would yield a
large quantity of good building stone. In later times especially,
agricultural transformations were carried out, with great expen-
diture of labor, to make previously untillable land suitable for
crops. The thin topsoil would be carefully removed and piled
to one side, laying bare the limestone bedrock beneath. Then
the limestone would be broken out in chunks to a depth of two
or three feet. The best stones would be saved for construction,
and the rest replaced over the still unbroken strata of the lime
stone, with the coarsest pieces on the bottom and the finest on
the top. Following this back-breaking procedure, red bolo soil
from a neaby depression would be carried to the field in baskets
and tamped over the loose layers of broken limestone to a depth
of fifteen or twenty inches. Finally, the original topsoil would be
spread back over the bolo, and the land would be ready for cultiva
tion. The heavy but sometimes infrequent rainfalls would be absorbed
eagerly by the shallow topsoil and thick cushion of bolo, and once _
these soils had reached saturation the excess water would filter into
the loose bed of broken rock beneath, from which, retained by the
imperivous bedrock, it could be slowly reabsorbed by the soil and
roots above when needed. This continuous bed of limestone frag
ments, in addition to acting as an underground reservoir, served to
furnish continual chemical fertilization to the soil from beneath,
to complement the organic fertilizer added from above.
Sewage was distributed over the fields, working with the natural
lime to increase the yield of the crops. ...
A transitional form of trullo field shelter, nonrectilinear in plan.
A main space is joined to a smaller one housing a fireplace. Such
shelters are often found with two or three smaller spaces attached
to the main space, as illustrated in the small sketches. (Plan and
section courtesy Byggckunst, redrawn by the author.)
eecesecceseccccsseescessesssssecsscccesesssscscscssscesecesseesssesessessessees | he Masons of Cisternino were men of exceptional ingenuity. They
y ss sometimes laid up walls of regular stone blocks, but in other cases
CORRUGATED CONCRETE SHELL HOUSE = INDIA 88 ade walls by compacting irregular stones and mortar between wood
sneer vgs inte 2-45 A
- forms. Their combinations of arches and vaults were often graceful
7 ee ee ee and correct, but more often were brutally expedient, and were most
often full-blooded, lusty, folk-art inventions that made some charming-
f ly naive concessions to grace and correctness. Nothing was sacred to
tion’ ss the masons but the sheer physical stability of what they built. A
th Half-arch could support a stair, a tilted barrel vault could cover it. A
$= round barrel vault could be intersected by pointed-vault dormers. A
triangular piece of vaulting could support a diagonal balcony front
if held at its vertex on a projecting stone bracket. A buttress to a
building across the street could resist the excessive thrust of a roof
vault, or of a too-ambitiously cantilevered balcony. An irregular
room shape was easily covered with a skewed vault. Almost any-
thing could be supported or spanned by cutting, twisting, tilting,
truncating, or combining the standard forms of vaulting in non-
standard ways.
SECT.ON
BEAM Corum false work truss
BAMBOO ROOF BEAM @ SLAB REINFORCEMENT
2"edge insulation, z4"wide RUT
and
mire mesh ,vapor barrier giditional
Partition + ux the
CONCRETE FLOOR depth
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Insulation
Although air is a very poor conductor of heat, the insulating value
of an ordinary air space is rather small, on account of the large
transfer of heat by convection and radiation. Radiation is largely
responsible for the ineffectiveness of air spaces bounded by ordin-
ary building materials, such as are found in frame or other hollow
walls. The low insulating value is often erroneously attributed
to convection; but, as a matter of fact, from 50 to 80 per cent
of the heat transfer across air spaces of ordinary sizes takes place
by radiation. If the air spaces were bounded by bright metallic
surfaces, the transfer of heat by radiation would be greatly dim-
inished, since clean metallic surfaces are much poorer radiators
24-1 FLOOR
ad than non-metallic surfaces, such as brick, stone, glass, wood, paper,
Structural Steel tie etc
aes Reflective metal foil (copper, aluminum, or steel) costs less than
iat Z 3 cents a square foot and can be easily installed. One should
remember to keep the shiny side out (or up) and leave a ven-
tilated air space inside (or below), and at least %-inch between
the foil and the surface it faces.
About 70% of the sun’s heat rays can be reflected from the house
by installing a white or light-colored roof. A thin layer of quartz
gravel or marble chip, backed by aluminum foil on a built-up tar-
and-feilt roof is by far the best type of surface for regions suffering
a high incidence of summer heat.
{interior frame proveles
tateral bracing
Shy light
exposed
beams
The dechong
SOME RATIONAL FRAMING SYSTEMS
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«PANELS HARDWOOD OVER CONCRETE
——
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—
House Carpentry Simplified
Clear how-to-do-it instructions on rectilinear
house building. Reasonably current but not
overly detailed, with a good section on
fundamental tools and a glossary.
HOUSE
CARPENTRY
SIMPLIFIED
\\
WOT
EVERY STEP OF CARPENTRY
House Carpentry Simplified
1958; 252 pp.
$8.95 postpaid
from:
Simmons-Boardman Books
30 Church Street a
New York, N. Y. 10007 fA
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Im
How-To-Do-It Plumbing and Wiring Books
Most plumbing and wiring books are either too old, or too
detailed for use by a novice home builder. However, these
two books give you enough basics to be your own
plumber or electrician. The plumbing book explains
the use of plastic and “‘no-hub” pipe—both systems avoid
the difficult process of melting lead for cast-iron drain
pipe connections. The wiring book is a fine introduction
to the subject, with sections on service entrances,
romex, modernizing old wiring, farm wiring, etc.
The Practical Handbook of
Heating
Richard
1969; 130 pp.
$4.95 postpaid
trom:
Arco Publishing Company, Inc.
219 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
“FOOTING TRENCH SHARP CUT OR
USE FORMBOAROS
FOR TILING OR FOR
WATERPROOFING WALL
Wiring Simplified
H. P. Richter
29th Edition, 1968; 144 pp.
$1.00 postpaid
from:
Park Publishing, Inc.
P. O. Box 5527 (Lake St. Sta.)
Minneapolis, Minn. 55408
NEW EDITION
WIRING
Simplified
by H.P. Richter
Fig. 10-10. Receptacle outlets ore easy to connect, os this diogram shows.
It should be noted that farm animals are much less able to withstand
shocks, than are human beings. Many cattle have been killed by
shocks that would be only uncomfortable to a man.
Simplified Carpentry Estimating
When building, you'll do well to pre-calculate
all materials and ask local lumber yards for
competitive bids. This handbook, with short-
cut tables, helps you quickly estimate all
materials for conventional buildings: concrete
lumber, hardware, as well as labor hours.
plified Carpen
J. Douglas Wilson and Clell M. Rogers
Estimating
1962; 320 pp.
$5.95 postpaid from:
Simmons-Boardman Books
30 Church Street
New York, N. Y. 10007
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Concrete Manuals
Three informative pamphlets on concrete from
the Portland Cement Association:
Cement Mason’s Manual for Residential Con-
struction is primarily for home patios and walk-
ways, with fundamentals on use of the transit,
and instructions on finishing.
Concrete Improvements for Farm and Ranch
is a good basic instruction manual, with details
on many rural applications; how to build forms,
tilt-up construction, water troughs, floors, etc.
Simplified
CARPENTRY
ESTIMATING
4. CEMENT CONTRACTORS METHODS
A practical method used by cement contractors will -
give quite accurate results. This rule automatically
allows for shrinkage.
Proceed as follows:
Rule: .: Find cubic cet contents of footings, walls
piers.
b. Divide the cubic footage by 15. Result equals
tonnage of concrete aggregate (sand and rock
combined). Material dealers will furnish con-
crete aggregate in several proportions, such as
50-50 or 40-60, etc.
c. To find sacks of cement multiply tonnage of
aggregate by a constant selected from table Tl.
TABLE
AGGREGATE TABLE
Aggregate Mix ‘Constant
! 4
1
1 8
2%
Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures is an
engineering bulletin, very detailed, on all aspects
of quality control of concrete mixtures.
All three
free
[Suggested by Fred Richardson]
HARDENED STATE OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE
Compressive Strength
from:
Portland Cement Association
Old Orchard Road
Skokie, tl. 60076
Lightweight concrete with 28-day compressive strengths of 3,000
to 4,500 psi can generally be produced in the laboratory with cement
contents of 425 to 800 Ib. per cubic yard, depending on the
particular lightweight aggregate being used. Certain lightweight 4
aggregates can be used to make concretes with strengths of 7,000 i
to 9,000 psi and with cement contents of 565 to 940 Ib. per
cubic yard. The rate of strength development for lightweight concrete
is approximately the same as that for normal-weight concrete.
[Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures]
Tilt-up concrete construction is
accomplished by casting wall panels
on a concrete floor or other relatively
smooth bed and then tilting them to a
vertical position. To prevent bond with
the wall panel, the floor slab is covered
with plastic film or a sprayed-on
chemical. Wall panels are usually tilted
by a tractor or other lifting equipment.
The panels are braced and reinforced
concrete columns are cast at the panel
junctures to tie them together.
[Concrete Improvements]
Power Joint Cutter
Another method of cutting joints in concrete slabs is with an electric or
gasoline-driven saw fitted with a shatterproof abrasive or diamond blade. A
power cutter produces a narrow joint that minimizes the possibilities of spalling
at the joint due to traffic. The joint is cut in the concrete surface 4 to 12 hours
after the concrete has hardened or as soon as the concrete surface will not be
torn or damaged by the saw.
(Cement Mason’s Manual]
[Concrete Improvements]
235
|
ANE | +
Thickness of Finish =
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Aude! Guides
I've just read a dozen or so Audel Guides, and these are
some | felt were particularly useful. Some of the Audel
books are quite obsolete, but much to my surprise, many
have been written within the last ten years. Several have
poor indexes, and some completely lack an index. The
books are usually written by experts in the areas or’
trades described. The information in general seems to be
very good.
/f you are working with more or less typical American
water and sewage systems, either maintaining or building,
Domestic Water Supply and Sewage Disposal Guide shou/d
be a rather useful book. Wells, springs, tanks, pumps
(including hydraulic rams!), treatment, septic tanks, water
heaters, it’s all here, including many useful tables.
The book is weak on the sewage end and has incomplete
information on things such as hand dug, jetted and driven
wells. Get the WHO book for that.
Vol. | of Masons and Builders Guide dea/s with clays,
brick making, mortar, tools, brick laying, bonding,
corners and rectangular openings. Vol. /1 covers arches
and anchors, foundations, chimneys, fireplaces, repairs,
estimation, and tile work.
These seem very good if you want to get into traditional
brick work. The chapters on fireplaces and chimneys
seem particularly useful to me. | never could get behind
brick work for new construction, though.
Carpentry and Building fascinated me. Written in question
and answer style, it covers many problems encountered in
construction and remodeling work. Seems that these are
questions that the author has received while acting as an
engineering consultant for a trades magazine. Excellent
sections on insulation and vapor barriers, acoustics, noise
transmission and sound resistant partitions, and a beautiful
miscellaneous section dealing with things like the pressures
in grain bins. Good index.
Building Maintenance is intended for maintenance men in
office etc. buildings. Looks like it would be very good for
them, less useful for the home handyman. Information is
included on painting, plumbing, concrete, carpentry, roof-
ing, glazing, sheet metal, heating and air conditioning.
Gives good, brief, and simple directions and assumes
that the reader has at least some sense and native intelligence.
No special knowledge is required to use the two-volume set,
Do-It-Yourself Encyclopedia. /f you can get around the
projects (!!) in questionable style (style?), there is a lot of
good stuff relating to home improvement and home main-
tenance. A little hard to find your way around in until
the second time through, it is actually fairly well organized.
Far-out 1950's pictures.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
National Electrical Code 1968
* Guide to the 1968 National Electrical Code
* Electrical Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings
The Code is not law, except as adopted by local ordinances,
but its requirements should certainly be met as a minimum
in all wiring. Check with your local building department for
their code or revisions, and permit information if you want
* your wiring to be legal. In any case, use the Code asa
minimum.
The regulations set up seem to me to be quite reasonable and
based mostly on safety. /t is somewhat hard to use as a
reference because it has a poorly organized index. The index
is very complete if you can get into its system.
Following the Code strictly will produce a safe installation.
Producing one that is convenient, efficient, practical, and
allows plenty of room for expansion requires planning and
study of wiring books such as Sears and Wards electric
wiring books (50¢), or Wiring Simplified (see page 23).
The Aude/ Guide to the 1968 National Electrical Code is
a non-official interpretation and clarification of the NEC.
It is not intended to replace the NEC, but in most cases
it would be usable by itself. /ts greatest handicap is that
it has no index.
For people working only in residences, the new Electrical
Code for One- and Two-Family Dwellings is much easier
to use than the NEC, from which it is.excerpted.
[Suggested and reviewed by Fred Richardson]
National Electrical Code 1968
1968; 466 pp.
$2.00 postpaid
Electrical Code for One- and
ll
aa Guide to the 1968 National
Electrical Code
$1.75 postpaid Robert E. Palmquist
1968; 461 pp.
both from:
$6.95 postpaid (cheaper from
Silvo or U. S. General)
National Fire Protection Association
60 Batterymarch Street
Boston, Mass. 02110
from:
Bobbs-Merrill Company
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
24
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Domestic Water Supply and
Sewage Disposal Guide
Edwin P. Anderson
1960: 440 pp. Carpentry and Building
Harry F. Ulrey
$4.50 postpaid + pp.
Masons and Builders Guide, -99 postpaid +
Vols. I, I, Il & IV Building Maintenance
Jules Oravetz, Sr.
1966; 437 pp.
$5.50 postpaid +
Frank D. Graham
1924; approx. 300 pp. each
$4.00 each, postpaid t
Do-It-Y ourself Encyclopedia
(2 vols.)
1968; 1012 pp.
$9.00 /set, postpaid +
from:
Theodore Audel & Co.
A Division of Bobbs-Merrill
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
+Audel’s Books are cheaper from
U.S. General (see p. 55) or Silvo
(see p. 54).
Expert foresters .. . advise that, although the hickory is a sturdy
and persistent grower, a tree which has grown and matured under
forest conditions cannot tolerate a disturbance of its root system;
also, there may be danger of injuring the tree described if the roots
are cut closer than approximately 25 feet along one side. Normally,
from a circle immediately outside the crown, the main feeder roots
extend outward and downward at an angle of approximately 45
degrees, and sometimes these roots go very deep. In addition, a
system of very shallow roots, approximately 12 to 24 inches
beneath the surface of the ground, extends outward in all direc-
tions. These roots also carry water to the trunk of the tree, and
serve to anchor the tree upright in the soil. These are the roots
that will be injured by digging for the foundations of the house.
Actually, there is no way to accurately foretell the reaction of
the trees. Stay away from the trees as far as possible. The dis-
turbed trees should be supplied with plenty of water and heavy
feedings of fertilizer for some time to enable them to regain the
loss of strength occasioned by disturbing the roots in the affected
areas of the root system.
Carpentry and Building
*
Saga Technical Associates #
Some very detailed manuals on ferrocement are available s
from Saga Technical Associates, yacht designers and
engineers in Toronto. They also have slides, photo essays, 3
and several new publications under way. 3
Information from:
Saga Technical Associates
P.O. Box 733
Terminal O
Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
.
Good basic ferro
cement information
in a speical reprint,
1.00 , from:
National Fisherman
22 Main Street
Camden, Maine 04843
36’ ferro-concrete ketch hull basket with interior mesh, suspended rH
hull method. By Saga Technical Associates. 3
Water Dowsing.— Although numerous persons consider the forked
Stick method of locating underground water as a mere ‘‘fanciful
illusion” the fact still remains that extractable water has been
found by this simple method throughout the ages.
Water dowsing consists essentially of the carrying of a forked twig
of peach, apple, or maple over the area where the search for water
is to be made. The process is performed essentially as follows:
Grasp the ends of the twig (one in each hand) with palms upward.
When commencing to walk, the butt of the stick should be pointed
upward. As moving water is approached, the butt end of the stick
begins to dip downward until the moving water is intercepted at
which location the butt end points straight down. At this
particular time the forked twig has turned through an arc of
180 degrees. The stick will in same instances break under the
grip as the butt dips downward. Pliable twigs will bend down
despite the effort to hold them straight.
Most dowsers believe this unique ability or power comes to a
person with birth. They also believe that this occult faculty can
be developed and its use expanded by constant study and practice.
It is, of course, a fact that many people have this ability without
knowing it, never having had the reason for the experiment. Some
students of the matter believe about one person in a thousand
has some dowsing ability, although perhaps only about ten per
cent of these latter have the ability to become good dowsers.
It cannot be too strongly emphasized that no scientific explanation
exists for the location of extractable underground water by means
of dowsing. The proof exists however, in thousands of usable wells
which actually have been discovered by this uncanny method.
Domestic Water Supply
A well designed and properly installed damper is regarded as
essential, particularly in cold climates. When no damper is
used the throat opening J, should be 4 inches for fireplaces not
exceeding 4 feet in height.
Placing the throat well forward has another advantage. namely
that of forming a smoke shelf at the damper level. This shelf
aids in stopping the down drafts which will almost invariably
occur if the back of the fireplace be made to rise vertically in
the same plane as the back of the flue.
The opening above the smoke shelf should be ‘’gathered”’ or
contracted to the size of the flue by corbelling, this being done
with the least height practicable. Up to the level of the clay
flue lining, the brickwork should not be less than 8 inches
thick, because the space immediately above the damper is
the hottest place of the chimney.
In small fireplaces, a depth of 12 inches will permit good draft
if the throat be properly constructed, but a minimum depth of
16 to 18 inches is advised to lessen the danger of brands falling
out on the floor.
In construction of a fireplace the following essentials should be
attained. They are:
1. That the flue have the proper area.
2. That the throat be correctly designed and have a suitable damper.
3. That the chimney be high enough for good draft.
4
. That the shape of the fireplace be such as to direct the maximum
amount of radiated heat into the room.
5. That a properly constructed smoke chamber be provided.
Masons & Builders Guide
Concrete Boatbuilding, Its Techniques and its Future
Ferro cement is a super-strong %” thick fireproof material
used for boat hulls, consisting of a mixture of sand & cement
plastered over a wire framework. It is cheaper & easier than
conventional boat-building techniques and very few special
tools are needed. This is a textbook on building a ferro
cement boat where the authors share details of their consid-
erable experience. There is a fine concise section on how
to build, and chapters on reinforcing, mortar mixing, and
finish work.
Ferro cement should work well on land. . . let us know if
you hear of any F. C. domes.
Concrete Boatbuildi
Its Technique and Its Future
Gainor W. Jackson
W. Morley Sutherland
$7.95
postpaid
from:
John de Graff, Inc.
34 Oak Street
Tuckahoe, N. Y. 10707
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Building a Log House
A 25¢ pamphlet from Alaska that tells you how to build
shelters (& furniture) of logs. It’s obviously written by
people that have built log cabins.
[Suggested by Russ Cahill]
Lom Et
Building a Log House
1914, .. . 1965; 43 pp.
$.25 postpaid
from:
Cooperative Extension Service
University of Alaska
Box 1109
Juneau, Alaska 99801
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
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Yurt The Wilderness Cabin
Not many log cabins are still being built. For one thing, it
uses a lot of wood. However, it’s a way for a man to go into
the woods and with very few tools, erect a shelter. Maybe
youve got to clear trees for a building site, or thin out an
overgrown forest, or there is no road to your land. If so,
here are diagrammed instructions on selecting a site, use of
tools, and building a log cabin. Details are not extensive,
but common sense will fill the gaps.
A friend of ours got interested in the yurts used by nomadic
people of Central Asia. Yurts are round buildings (tents)
made out of a lattice work of sticks covered with sheets
of felt. The roof is a truncated cone. The opening serves
as skylight and smoke hole.
After building a number of yurts similar to the Mongolian
ones out of different materials, Bill decided that he would
like to build one out of milled lumber. | helped him
construct one similar to the one in the plan. It is not Yurt Construction Plan
difficult and certainly cheap. | do not know how easy it wil
will be for someone who knows nothing about yurts $3.00 postpaid sini
+
oe
ee
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ee
ee
se
se
se
ee
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and carpentry to build one, but Bill usually answers
letters and | am sure he will be able to answer specific om:
Bill Coperthwaite
questions about the construction. He is currently Bucks Harbor, Maine .
revising and up-dating the plan, incorporating what he’s The aa 2A sition
learned in the past year. Calvin Rutstrum Company
[Suggested and reviewed by Jur Bekker] 1961; 169 pp. Front and Brown
Streets
$5.95 postpaid Riverside, N.J.
08075
from:
or WHOLE
EARTH
CATALOG
Cabin on the Yukon River at 50 degrees below zero.
But an even better and more direct method than
personal search is to go to the county seat in the
county where you want to build. Ask the county
auditor for a list of tax-delinquent properties, and
the descriptions and plats of each location. During
your first free weekend, examine the sites. If you
find something you like, pay the back taxes.
When the original owner has failed to pay the taxes
for a certain number of years—in many states the
period is five years—and you pay the back taxes,
you can get what is called a ‘tax assignment’ from
the county. Your final ownership paper is about
equivalent to a quit-claim deed. This is good enough
while you personally own the site. Should you
finally sell the property, it is best to have an
attorney obtain a Torrens title for you, or procure
a warranty deed through legal formality.
*
Chain saw parts
Low-cost chains and parts for chain saws.
They also have plastic wedges——you don’t wreck the chain
if you hit the wedge. [Suggested by Tom Duckworth]
from: Southern Division
Catalog Zip-Penn, Inc. P. O. Box 1791
East Divisi Tallahassee, Fla 32300
free P.O. Box 170 ieee Method of Setting In Floor Joists of Round Logs
Erie, PA 16512 P. O. Box 876 =: Method of Setting In Floor Joists of Planks
Bellingham, Wash. 98225
Alaskan Mill ~=American Plywood Association
This is a roller attachment for a chain saw that enables you o> 3 What makes plywood such a desirable building material
to make boards from trees. You need a minimum of 6 wih ~DI} Be :: is its extremely favorable cost/strength ratio. Also, it’s
horse da 16”-24” bar t th e-man mills, Wt HH ick to install, as each piece you nail down covers 32
quantity of lumber. plank, or #2 American Plywood Association has hundreds of pam-
There are two one-man attachments, and three two-man eee #3 phiets available on different uses of plywood: roofs, walls,
models. :: floors; cabin plans, pole buildings, barns.
[Suggested by Elias Velonis] #3 Write, asking for lists of publications:
3: Residential Construction Literature Index
ss: Agricultural Literature Index
s: General Construction Literature Index
ss /ndustrial Literature Index
Granberg Alaskan Chainsaw attachment (one-man)
No. G-758: $71.50 FOB Richmond
Two man models: $287.00-350.00
from: 3 Consumer and Do-/t- Yourself Literature Index
Granberg | ndustries HH
201 Nevin # free
Richmond, CA 94801 ss ‘
ee rom:
ss American Plywood Association
ss 1119A Street
$3 Tacoma, Washington 98401
Guide to Plywood for Concrete Forms (Sweet's insert) s6990
$$ Curved Panels F67-1020 &
$3 Nailed Plywood Box Beams 62-180
Plywood Truss Designs 64-650
(Describes new plans for King-Post and W-type
trusses on spans 20° to 32’-8’")
guider
Floors
teeding 2-4-1 Tongue and Groove Piywood 60-40
Guide to Plywood for Underlayment (Sweet's insert) S68-50
: Umbrella Structure (22’ wide shelter) 63-80
“hyturee MAMOLE Plywoud and Poles for Farm Buildings (Data sheet) 67-126 Tamap Too! Box Plans 630540 10¢
idiar —
A-Type Hog House (6’ x 6’ portable units) 61-430 9 5
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3
Plastics for Architects and Builders
Whereas architects and builders are comfortably familiar
with the “classic” building materials that come more or
less directly from nature, plastics, with so many compli-
cated names and such complex manufacturing omenneg
have not been as readily understood.
Most books on plastics are by and for specialists. Here,
however, is a primer on plastics, clear and orderly, that
gives the builder, designer, or architect enough basic know-
ledge to begin thinking of design with the new sophisticated
materials.
/t begins with a simple description of the molecular structure
of plastics——one of the principal keys to their behavior.
Once the designer understands this, he is ready to begin
exploring the array of materials available.
Then there is basic information, pictures, many drawings on
the properties, end-use applications, composites, and manu-
facturing processes. The designer can then begin to under-
stand what plastics can & cannot do.
Albert G. H. Dietz
1969; 129 pp.
$7.95 postpaid
from:
The M. |. T. Press
50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
is design at a sophisticated level.
Light Transmission: Thin structural plastics can transmit a high
percentage of incident light, thus providing structure, enclosure,
and illumination——a combination unique among structural
materials.
Hand layup. Sprayup
Modern Plastics
‘ Once you've read Plastics for Architects and Builders, you ‘//
be somewhat prepared for Modern Plastics magazine.
Issued monthly and technically oriented, it covers the latest
plastic products, manufacturing, and engineering. /t’s full
of ads, and there is a free product literature card at the back
of the magazine: you circle the appropriate number and the
manufacturer mails you information.
Included in your subscription is the annual Modern Plastics
Encyclopedia, the most comprehensive text available on
plastics. It is mailed out each October & consists of a
summary of the year’s trends in plastics, information on
polymer science, a textbook of fundamental plastics, a
directory of 3600 companies, & reference data on plastic
properties & characteristics. The Encyclopedia a/so has
free product literature cards.
[Suggested by Michael Rosenthal]
Cellulosics: One class of chain polymers is made by modifying
cellulose, a natural high-polymer,chain:
Various acids will react at the OH points of the cellulose to give a
series of ‘‘esters’’ (the organic analogue of salts in inorganic chem-
istry). The oldest is cellulose nitrate, often thought of as originating
the plastics industry when first proposed for billiard balls to save the
African elephants from decimation for their ivory.
searing: 4
clarama maemo’
Thermal Response
Expansion and Contraction: Like all building materials, plastics
expand and contract with rising and falling temperatures, but for
many plastics the extent of change is appreciably larger than for
many other building materials. Allowances in design must therefore
be made for these dimensional changes, either by accommodating
them in the shape of the component or by providing expansion
joints. A curved section, for example, may bulge or flatten slightly
without affecting its usefulness. Framing around glazing should
allow room for expansion and contraction, and the sealants
Plastics for Architects and Builders
There is no escaping the conclusion that design with plastics
employed should accommodate such motion.
Design: Expansion and contraction can lead to severe stresses at
sharp bends or at points of restraint, such as tight bolts and pins.
Repeated stresses caused by temperature changes can lead to fatigue,
cracking, and failure. Generous radii and fillets should therefore be
provided, and holes for fastenings should be large enough to allow
for movement with changing temperatures. Restrained flat surfaces
may wrinkle upon expanding and in ex treme cases may crack or
tear upon contracting. Curved or folded surfaces, properly designed,
overcome these problems.
Stabilizers: Plain plastics, such as polyethylene pipe or polyviny!
chloride sheet, may degrade when exposed to some environments such
as sunlight. They must therefore be fortified by stabilizers, such as
ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants. Carbon black, for example,
converts polyethylene from a quickly degrading material to one that
stands up extremely well to sunlight and general weathering. Other
stabilizers accomplish their purpose without necessarily coloring or
making the plastic opaque. Care should be exercised to select a properly
stabilized plastic for a particular purpose unless it is inherently stable.
The subject is far too complex to be treated here. The architect
should insist upon assurance that the plastic will have the necessary
life for his application.
Matched die molding.
Preform.
Giant polyester balloon
Construction will soon start on a 34
million-cu. ft. balloon that will require
more than 13 acres—well over a half-
million sq. ft.-of %-mil polyester
film.
Dacron polyester threads, bonded
to the film (Du Pont’s Mylar), rein-
force it to make the balloon capable
of lifting a 7-ton instrument payload.
A foot-wide section of the reinforced
film is said to be able to support a
1000-Ib. load. Fabricating the balloon
will require that some 37 miles of
seams be sealed with a thermoplastic
adhesive.
The balloon will be constructed by -
G.T. Schjeldaht Co., Northfield,
Minn., under a $400,000 Nasa con-
tract. It will be sent aloft by the U.S.
Air Force in New Mexico next fall,
and will supply a stable support for
PVC film provides airtight lining for the inflated Fuji pavilion.
Pocket-sized tent
Folding your tent and stealing away in the night is a simple maneuver
with a new one-man shelter that uses no poles, stakes or ropes.
Called Inflat—-A—Tent, the all-film tent has sealed-off sections that
form supporting ribs when inflated by mouth. It weighs 28 oz.,
Modern Plastics
forms a shelter 7 ft. long and 40 in. wide with a full floor. Deflated,
it is easily rolled up and stowed. Produced by Ute Mountain Corp.,
Englewood, Colo., to retail at $9.95, the tent is heat-sealed with
film made of Union Carbide’s high-impact copolymer resin,
DQDA- 1824.
New honeycomb construction panels
A new RP sandwich panel for curtain walls and other interior and
exterior applications is produced with a choice of paper or alumi-
num honeycombs. Called Glamoursdale Unicomb by its producer,
Dimensional Plastics Corp., Hialeah, Fla., the lightweight panels,
are 5/8 in. thick, with both surfaces simulating cleft slate.
Standard sheet size for the panels is 4 by 10 ft. They are available
in a variety of colors and veining.
cosmic ray detection equipment and
monitoring devices at a constant alti-
tude of approximately 20 miles.
Modern Plastics
(Magazine & Encyclopedia)
Prefabricated plumbing wall. A conceptual ‘‘wet
plumbing wall’ of modular design (John A. Stahl,
B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co.) incorporates rigid
PVC piping, rigid urethane foam, glass/polyester
faces, rigid and flexible PVC extrusions, and
vinyl-jacketed electrical wiring. Fundamental
is the concept that all plumbing connections are
made into the pipe-bearing wall.
from:
Modern Plastics
Fulfillment Manager
P. O. Box 430
Hightstown, N. J. 08520 *
$10.00 /yr. (monthly)
The likelihood of an anti-air-pollution ban on lead addi-
tives in gasoline at some time in the 1970’s could drasti-
cally affect the demand for and the supply and price of
propylene, an important feedstock for making polypro-
pylene and a variety of other plastics. The additional
propylene would be required in gasoline to replace lead
additives.
22
3
bade
2
Claas plastic: red.
|
«
7
~
Earth Homes
Dirt—the cheapest and most abundant building material—
has for ages been used to construct shelters. These three
pamphlets offer current information on soil as a
construction material.
Adobe Construction Methods gives details on laying bricks,
fireplaces and pictorial and cross section views of foun-
dations, floors, and walls. i
Handbook for Building Homes of Earth is a non-technical
account of field experiences, with formulas and procedures
for different types of earth buildings.
[Suggested by Charlie Tilford]
Soil-Cement—Its Use in Building is a wel/-detailed booklet
on the stabilization of earth with cement, and describes all
aspects of using the Cinva-Ram earth moulder.
Handbook for Building Homes of Earth
No. PB 179 327
$3.00 postpaid ‘
from:
U. S. Department of Commerce
Clearinghouse for Federal
Scientific and Technical Information C)
Springfield, VA 22151
1. The COVER. A rectangle of metal
Rammed earth walls are made by tamping tre to show to thde open ond
moist earth into forms. The walls are
rammed directly upon the foundations
and in sections. The forms are similar teh ee 2. The LEVER. Consists of a set of
to those used for concrete except “a
they must be stronger.
(One distinct advantage of rammed
earth construction claimed by its u
proponents is that the earth used
to make the walls requires less
handling than is required by any
other form of earth construction.
Many believe that this advantage
more than offsets the disadvantage
A plate 1s screwed a piece of wood.
function of which 1s to stamp the biocks.
blocks are wanted.
plate with small screws.
Adobe Construction Methods Making Bricks
L. W. Neubauer
1964; 35 pp. Manual labor is, of course, the historical method of brick
making... Make rectangular forms of wood or metal. Lay
$.25 them on the ground, on a smooth area, and place mud in
the forms by shovel or bucket. Spade the adobe care-
fully, and tamp it into all corners of the forms, to insure
of the heavy and relatively complex |
form which must be periodically
moved and carefully levelled as
ithe work progresses.
A SCRE FOR LOOSENING THE
ry PISTON GUIDES. Are used to loosen
the piston if it fits too tightly between
the guides. or vice versa.
Fig 36 CINVA. RAM mouider for the production of sori cement blocks: explanatory sketch
from:
Agricultural Publications
207 University Hall
University of California
well-shaped bricks. Strike the top off level, then lift the
forms, leaving the bricks in place... Not too wet, or the
mud will run efter you remove the forms, or may shrink
Berkeley, CA 94720 and crack excessively upon drying, Cover bricks with
paper to slow down the initial drying. After lifting the
form, wash excess mud off its inner faces with water, and
repeat the molding process. Allow the bricks to lie
flat for one to three days, until they are sufficiently strong
to hold their shapes when turned. At that time, set
successfully used as stabilizers. A bricks on edge, so air may circulate freely on both sides.
fractional volume of a water emulsion of This will promote uniform drying and help prevent
asphalt, added to the earth-and-water mix, warping and cracking. After a few more days of drying
provides an internal waterproofing that in this position, stack the bricks in loose piles for e few
permanently protects adobe bricks.
Oily, waterproofing agents, especially
emulsified asphalt, are being widely and
weeks, to complete Ing curing. t
When you build with adobe, you get covered Out of Pr j n tN]
with it.
Stabilization
unsatisfactory for brick making by
mixing them with other soils or
You can often improve soils that are ree sin
—_ = Soil-Cement—Its Use in Building
: 1964; 85 pp.; 93 illustrations
$1.50 postpaid’ trom:
New York. N. Y. 10017
OSA g FORMS IN WHICH SOIL IS USED
Soil is used in construction in the following forms:
ane (a) In the form of rubble, cut from the surface of
the earth, in pieces or blocks of soil.
(b) As bricks, made in wooden forms or moulds
with soil moistened to the required degree.
(c) Moistened soil compacted in situ in suitable
rigid frames to form monolithic walling
(rammed earth).
(d) As stabilized soil, by combining it with an
77)
& N agent in order to improve its constructive
of Agron S If it is desired to use soil-cement as roofing
for a house, the following methods may be used:
minerals. he Ke (a) laths or reeds are laid on the roof truss
=. or joists and nailed down; a plastic mortar of
Course sand or even some — cement and (sandy) soil in the proportions of
types of gravel, may often ij NS Si S> . 1:7 by volume, with vegetable fibres 3 cm in
be added to good advan- length added as a reinforcement in the pro-
tage. Generally, clay in End 4 LE | ae STR portion of one part to four parts of mortar, is
the soil adds strength, 4 spread over the laths or reeds. The layer of
av while sand and gravel aid # mortar should be 3 cm deep, dulycompacted,
in reducing shrinkage. termite and its surface should be smoothed with a
A, Bar graph illustrating the soil texture classification as used by the USDA Bureau of Soils. B, a See pea trowel. After the material has had time to
Soil classes based on the relative amounts of clay, silt, and sand. C, Results of certain soil tests. Portland cement increases
The contours indicate suitability for earth ion. Note that the best mixes contain large the strength of soil, and makes
percentages of sand. it water resistant.
Low-Cost Wood Homes
An excellent manual, with 100’s of good drawings, on wood
house construction. Details on pole house construction,
and all aspects of wood frame buildings.
Low-Cost Wood Homes for Rural
America—Construction Manual
L. O. Anderson
1969; 112 pp.
$1.00 postpaid
from:
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
The National Fisherman
A monthly newspaper from Maine on fishing, boat building,
sailing, ocean pollution and sea news in general. They have
published a great deal of information on ferro cement, and
many of the boat-building techniques described are useful
to the shelter designer working on land.
[Suggested by Paul Wingate]
P STAKE |
sTaxe 3
dry and harden, two or three coats of bituminous
material are brushed over the surface in order
PICTORIAL VIEW showing construction details, including wooden floor. to make the roofing waterproof.
STAKE
OF
E0GE PIERS OF
LENGTH OF HOUSE
STAKE
The National Fisherman
$4.00 for one year
from:
The National Fisherman
22 Main Street
Camden, Maine 04843
WORLD LEADERS
STUDY PRINT BOOKLET
32 EDITION. $50
JAY 2. BENFORD/NA
2017 FAIRVIEW AVE. E.
HOUSEBOAT L
SEATTLE , WA. 98102
RUGGED HULLS FOR WORK AND PLEASURE
IN FERRO-CEMENT
3. The BOX. A meta! mould supported
j and ending in a rectangular plate which
| prece can be taken off by rem: q
screws and filing the holes lef
ue,
4
2S
ed,
Et
q
KA
KALA
B
OVERHANG OF STAKE i
f- = |
SSE = = = FOUNDATION
=! X
|
le = | BOTTOM, OF NG
= D LOw FROS
SSS SQUARE
4
ic =
-
d DOWNEAST 36 AND 43.
INCORPORATED
]
A 48 Deering St., Portland, Me.
J 207-772-5000
Tensile Structures, Volume One
The only pavilion of Expo 67 more beautiful than Fuller’s
U.S. Dome was the West German tent, designed by Frei
Oito. He is currently the master of structures whose flexible
skin is the prime structural element. Volume One of his
2-volume work is devoted to Pneumatic Structures—--air
houses plus. Every designer we know who’s seen this book
has commenced to giggle and point, jump up and down, and
launch into enthusiastic endorsement of Otto, design, being
a designer, and look at this here. The book is comprehensive
in its field, technically thorough, beautifully presented.
i Frei Otto
If two soap bubbles of different diameters form a 1969; 171 pp.
Pai twin bubble (Fig. 10), the diaphragm is curved. If
the membrane stresses are equal, the gas pressure p $12.50 postpaid
in the smaller bubble is higher than that in the
larger bubble. The relationship between the radii
Tensile Structures, Vol. One
Tensile Structures, Volume Two
Tensile Structures /s the complete story on tents and cable
nets and like volume one the entire subject is covered in
minute detail. The book is intended to show where the
thinking and practice on the subject is at this time in
history. There is an overview of the whole field, then
specifics on cable, net and membrane structures. Each is
thoroughly discussed and illustrated with photographs and
~-drawings although graphics here are not as intriguing as
in volume one. The last third of the book contains cal-
culations on load-bearing abilities and design. For many
readers this will be too technical to understand, much less
use. But tensile structures are very exciting at this time,
and the book is great for getting people started on experi-
ments and construction. Canvas is a cheap building material.
There’s a lot to learn here. The forms are very organic, and
ee [Reviewed by Jay Baldwin]
Tensile Structures, Vol. Two
Cables, Nets and Membranes
legwenby: pars 1—-P2)r3 Pneumatic Structures
2 2 2 1967; 320 pp. | t
1660 illustrations
\
both from:
The best way of retaining the spherical shape is by means
of water. This shows a floating steel balloon, retained and s
centered by a hose.
Figure 9 is a section through a greenhouse set on sandy
soil and covered by a transparent membrane with internal
drainage. A membrane is also laid beneath the humus
at the inner drainage points and along the outside edge.
The humus layer thus forms a simple anchoring weight.
The floor membrane simultaneously permits moisture control of the soil.
The roofing of such cultivations by pneumatically tensed membranes with internal drainage
is seen from the side in Fig. 10. A net of small open mesh floats on the water and carries
the humus layer; it is supported both by inflated balloons and by the roof membrane itself
which spans the floating fields and is immersed to a depth of approximately 15 cm at the
Small floating balloons may carry fertile soil in nets or perforated foils.
Sweet's Files
It’s a shame some of the best tools are the hardest to get to. Though Sweet's are free,
they are given only to Public Libraries in cities of more than 250,000 people and to
the 10,000 most active architectural firms in the U. S. It’s often possible to talk a
local architect out of last year’s edition if you speak for it early. They do not become
obsolete just because they are a year or two old.
Sweet's is essentially a catalog of catalogs, a filing system in a yard of volumes which
binds, lists and cross-references catalogs of manufacturers. It covers six areas that |
know of: Industrial, Residential and Commerical Construction and Product, Interior
and Plant Design. Each file in these areas is a separate entity. The commercial
construction file is the one most architects have and for any one building, it is the
most useful. It is very helpful when improvising details for it provides a full spectrum
of what is already available for the ready made answers to most problems. Manu-
facturers usually do a pretty good job with the material they include in the files so
there’s not much left to question as to how their product works. If there is any
question, the manufacturer's representative is usually listed, with his phone number
and address. He'll usually bend over backwards to help you if you say you saw it
in Sweet's.
[Suggested and reviewed by ONYX]
The M. |. T. Press
50 Ames Street
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
layer, and is positively connected with the roof membrane
Guyed masts consist of one-dimensional central
elements subjected to compression and surrounded
on all sides by one- or two-dimensional tension-
loaded elements. They thus form three-dimensional
systems most suitable for mobile structures. Many
contemporary designs of high cranes for wide reaches
are variations of this basic system. An elastic central
rod can be bent by varying the lengths of the guys
(Fig. 3). For this, all cables must be adjusted
simultaneously; this is done by synchronized hydrau-
lic presses located at the anchoring point. A similar,
but much more mobile system is shown in Fig. 4. A
thin elastic central strut carries cantilevers connected
to the ground by means of cables.
In living nature the spine of a vertebrate (Fig. 7) is
a guyed mobile system, approximately as shown in
Fig. 4. A multiple articulated, highly flexible
central rod, capable of taking up large compressive
forces, is surrounded by a tension-loaded system
consisting of many members, which secures the
central rod against buckling and bending, while
ensuring its complete mobility.
Economic minimum oniy
relative to flat root Gub!-Pan!
Preliminary design availabie
for rise span.ratios of 1 5
3” Corr Cerling
(gage varies)
Dubi-Pan!
Strut System
Rise Varies
Clear Span—250° 1000’ (Note 1)
-
TWO HINGED CIRCULAR ARCH
to
Structural angle assemb'y—toad
transfer from panel chords to
foundation base pin
Pin & Base Plate assembly
at 41 inch centers
Sweet's Files
Sweet's Construction Division
McGraw-Hill information Systems Company
330 West 42nd Street
New York, N. Y. 10036
DETAIL Y
BASE DETAIL
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3" Cort. Root Pane:
Dome Cookbook
A new art form is evolving in the southwest
desert. Multi-colored cartop domes, put
together with whatever's lying around. Free
heat from the sun. Behind much of the
innovating stands Steve Baer, a young inventor
who generates enough energy to get others
moving too.
This tabloid contains the crystallographic
theory and junkyard practice behind Baer’s
domes: from how to distort a polyhedron
without affecting connector angles to how to
chop the top out of a car wit'iout losing your
foot. From all we can determine, Baer’s
When you are putting up a dome panel by panel you
often have to use poles to support the wobbly sides
as they close in toward the center. When we were
putting up the second to last panel in the shop dome
we had three poles in strategic spots to hold the wob-
bly overhanging panels from collapsing. The poles
were nailed at the top so they wouldn't fall away if
during a moment's strain the load were lifted up and
off of them. The panel was an 8’ by 19’ and extrem-
ely heavy. We put it up with an inadequate crew,
two men and two women. We struggled for an en-
tire afternoon the last few inches Albert Maher
pushed from on top of a spool resting on top of
the cab of his pickup which we had driven into the
dome. It was touch and go.a clamp might slip, _
Albert might collapse, the poles might buckle. Each
one of many failures seerned equally as probable as
getting the monster joined to the neighboring panels
A huge shove, some quick work with the crow bar
and clamps—Albert eased off and it still held, | took
a few more turns on one clamp and added another
one—it was a sure thing, we had it in place!
It felt as if the panel had been lifted into place by
some incredible wave we had created that now
washed back as we put down tools and Albert got
down off the cab. But there was one last thing to
check—the poles, were they dangerously bowed
under this new load. The entire sensation in my
head began for a moment to turn inside out when
Holly yelled “look at them” but then | saw what it
was— the dome was finding its shape, it had lifted
all three heavy poles off the floor, they were hang-
ing from where they had been toe nailed at their
tops, swaying slowly. Three important pillars
transformed in one moment into three dangling
Dome Cookbook *inging pendulums.
Steve Baer
1968; 40 pp.
theory is unique in architecture. So is his
practice; instead of dying of dissertation dry
rot, his notions stand around in the world
bugging the citizens.
The Dome Cookbook, now in its third
printing, is published by Lama Foundation,
an experimental community in New Mexico.
wissine FusEeo
$1.00 postpaid from:
“Ss = —
(ev Lama/Cookbook Fund
P.O. Box 422
Top view of cluster of exploded & & Corrales, N. M. 87048
rhombic dodecahedra or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
P . In a World War II blimp hanger at Santa Ana,
Architectural Design Sil OED California, a large shimmering hemisphere has
been erected that is to serve as the Pepsi-Cola
This is the only architectural magazine we've seen that Co lion at ’
consistently carries substantial new information, as distinct The seventy-year-old open air theatre at Wunsied!, used for the annual er
from the stylistic eyewash characteristic of most architecture Luisenburg Festival, has recently been dramatically extended by the ; .
‘ addition of an amphitheatre, partly supported on old granite walling,
journals. partly on steel props, the whole to be covered with an elegant light-
‘ weight roof of pvc coated fabric suspended from two masts. .. .
After a year of watching and using AD, t $s clear that this is The designer is Frei Otto, working in association with Hans Habermann,
much more than an architectural magazine. /t prints lots of John Koch, Gernot Minke and Bernd-Friedrich Romberg.
news of American creative doings months before any U. S.
publication. Its. coverage of developments in cybernetics,
structure systems, philosophy, use trends (e.g., communes),
etc. is extraordinary.
enn structure made of aluminized
nylon.
Its simplicity as a structure is almost
secondary to its actual performance. For the
dome is a vast 210 degree, concave mirror, that
shoots back unbelievable visual images and
sounds to anyone inside it.
aera, Russian scientists are working with a team of physicists and electronics engineers
Architectural Design ‘ — \ to develop a system in which machines can be controlled by the simple act of
$13.50 about A research team is investigating this fantastic use of the
. — : \ uman mind. Before it moves the muscles of the body, the human will is no
more than an electric signal conducted along a nerve path. These electric signals
(monthly) | = Mb = fy pL —& \ can be intercepted and transferred into electric circuitry, switched through a
Pom oO g- = special control panel and straight into the works of a machine. Refinement and
from: i DIN improvement of this system could enable man to operate machine controls
Architectural Design without even twitching a finger, simply by thinking about it——real soul engi-
26 Bloomsbury Way / neering.
London W.C. 1 Key to rear elevation: The Russians also claim to have two women who have already mastered this wish-
1 roof ; : control system. One of them, a female demonstrator at the Polytechnic Museum
2 mast 6 access gallery in Moscow, by clenching and unclenching her fists and with ESP, creates nerve
3 wirdshidd 7 steel supports signals that are picked up by a toy train radio control unit. From a distance of
4 steel joists 8 concrete lintols several feet the girl makes the train start, stop or go backwards. Another woman
5 stair 9 side approach directs her thought impulses into controlling an electric clock, making it go faster,
slower, or stop.
ua-| Leo E
A
.
4 s
iT)
Architectural Graphic Standards
Architectural Graphic
If Sweet's is a kind of magic lamp in many architects’ and Standards for Architects,
builders’ libraries, the genie might well be ‘Graphic Standards. Engineers, Decorators,
This volume has been around for years; its latest edition is Builders, Draftsmen
its fifth. Whenever the office expert hasn‘t got the answer, ont Sins ~~ -
*Graphic Standards usua/ly does. /t is the how-do-do-it book H
of construction. It doesn’t cover domes but if there’s anything 1932 .... 1965; 757 pp.
Pisces Sie |
|
3
AMPL
m
Spex
b
e/se you have in mind, it’s probably in there. Older con- Le hw.
struction techniques (stone masonry, etc.) are covered as $22.50 postpaid
well as relatively newer techniques; it’s very useful in
remodeling and repair work. Everything is done with a John Wiley and Sons 8 pats oe. LR 4 |
minimum of verbiage and a maximum of illustrations and ; ishing Co.
very useable charts and graphs. *Graphic Standards is so | RHE
that it’s almost become a challenge to stay away from it; Western Distribution: REancery |i 5 ||
ultimately, however, there’s seldom a building built 1530 South Redwood Road | 1H oe i
without reference to it in the U. S. today. TOOL. Salt Lake City, Utah 84104 HEAT nce, wo 5 Aaa |
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Orientation Charl
[Suggested and reviewed by ONY X]
Direchions for use
‘a ai eut-oot of smell scale plan of center and revolve same vat! sun strikes at desired
> gles
wher dal indicotes Miduunter and black indicates darkness
fecond dial indicofes Summer and grey indicates darkness
ez Third ds hows degrees North ond South of due East and West tor locating rising and
sething sun
of Sun Degree markings of end of orrows pointing fo outer p ter indicate for
~ /ot(tudes other than 40° 0} North latitude for which chart 1s made, this 13 tine through
Phiiudelphia, Denwer and Rene
aw,
/
°
eS
ca,
\ a
vd
q
rf q 3 ‘ i 7
2...
j
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*
Order in Space
A new book by an experimental mathematician on order in
space. ”... space defining, distribution patterns, space
filling properties, packing & stacking, economy grids and
communication linkages.”
There are exciting insights into structure in nature, and
exploratory diagrams of the functions possible in space.
Order in Space
Keith Critchlow
1969; 120 pp.
$7.50 postpaid
from:
The Viking Press
625 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$5.04 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
The work presented here represents certain direct relationships in
space and the principles underlying them. As Einstein said: ‘‘We
only know energy when it is exteriorized.”” Here we are dealing
with exteriorized functions of space.
The book is designed for the visually orientated. It is a manual of
space functions. It aims to show experimental ways in which
related division is possible in space——by a process of economy or
least effort between elements. For example, if one holds up the
index finger of each hand, the tips of those fingers cannot be
reduced to less than a point each and the relationship between
them a line. 2
Mechanisms, architecture, applied science and all technologies imply
designers. These designers need to know the basic “freedoms” of
their constructions——space. A command of the functions possible
in space becomes progressively more necessary in a shrinking planet,
which points to the real problems; between man and man, man and
his universe and man’s continued existence. They are matters of
the assessment of essentials. One of these is that human existence is
never less than multi-dimensional. In a unified world spherical
thinking is a prime requisite for both accuracy and understanding.
In the macrocosm, ‘‘nations” are no longer ‘‘flat’’ but an integral
part of a curved surface dependent for their existence on identical
curves meeting at the boundaries. In the microcosm each of us
begins life as a sphere——even the eyes that read these words are
basically spherical.
These drawings show the change from a cuboctahedral pattern
(twelve spheres around an equal and similar nucleus) to an
icosahedral pattern (twelve spheres without an equal nuclear
sphere). The variation in size of possible nuclear spheres is
shown in the middle drawing, with the maximum size lightly
shaded and the minimum darkly shaded.
The cuboctahedron or dymaxion in figure A, with its points
numbered 1—12, is viewed centrally in its 3-fold axis.
The central figure, B, still viewed in a 3-fold axis, shows the
change to the icosahedron. The position of points 1,2 and 3
(and the corresponding 10, 11 and 12, which are not shown)
does not change in this view; but the position of points 4,5,6,
By,
7,8 and 9 does change, and each of these is shown in two positions,
smaller numbers being used for the first, larger ones for the final
position. Of the eight triangular faces of the initial figure, the
two directly central, above and below, remain in the same rotational
position, although they close in towards each other; the remaining
six triangles, three above the meridian and three below, rotate to
close in. A tone has been put on the three upper triangles to show
the nature of this rotation, in both positions, with arrows following
the direction of movement. In this way it is possible to see how the
Square faces close across their diagonals to create two equilateral
triangles for each original square. The final icosahedral position, C,
is structurally stable as it is a totally triangulated configuration.
THE GENERATION OF THE BASIC POLYGONS
Pattern of unfolding or degrees of order in space
Right: The triangle is the prime
polygon and only structural shape,
followed by the square, pentagon,
hexagon, octagon, decagon and
dodecagon. The broken lines
indicate relationships of concord
between the polygons.
*
Space Enclosure Systems
subtitled “identification and documentation of cell
geometries’, wood’s book presents both tabulated and
graphic analysis of twenty-three volumetric geometrical
forms, or, as he more effectively describes them, “space
enclosure systems”. the result is a beautiful, clear cut
little TOOL that can liberate the designer, architect,
educator, sculptor, mathematician, and ambitious spirit. —
wood has taken this presentation just far enough. his
information is formal, clear, simple, good and useful.
what stimulates appreciation for what he has presented
is what he has omit the book is void of the cliche
“author's sketches” of possible futuristic applications
that too often infringe or undermine the user’s imaginative
potential. wood allows the application of his data to be
the reader/user’s choice and opportunity.
[Reviewed by thomas casey]
Wood has written a second volume (OSU No. 205) subtitled
“The variables of packing cell design’, which does the same
thing with a whole new set of solids.
TETRAGONAL
ORTHOTETRAKAIDECHEDRON
SPACE
ENCLOSURE
S¥STEMS
er
107814
Space Enclosure Systems (No. 203)
Space Enclosure Systems (No. 205)
Donald G. Wood
Donald G. Wood
1968; 52 pp. 1968; 59 pp.
$3.50 postpaid $3.50 postpaid
both from:
University Publications Sales Office
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
30
*
Handbook of Structure
The best book about regular geometric shapes. Has a
drawing & information for the regular, facially-regular
& vertically-regular polyhedra & a good section on packing
polyhedra.
[Reviewed by Jonathan Kanter]
Handbook of Structure
Part I: Polyhedra & Spheres
Robert Edward Williams
1968; 153 pp.
free from:
Douglas Advanced Research Laboratories
5251 Bolsa Avenue
Huntington Beach, CA 92646
OCTAHEDRON RHOMBIC CUBE
DODECAHEDRON
Truncat‘ ons ot the rhombic dodecahedron |
TRUNCATED TRUNCATED
ICOSAHEDRON ICOSAHEDRON ICOSIDODECAHEDRON DODECAHEDRON DODECAHEDRON
112° 30
c 3s
63° 26
t 116° 3a”
VERTICES — 24
— 36
99" 4a" \ SNUB
DODECAHEDRON
SMALL
RHOMBICOSI DODECAHEDRON
Truncations of polyhedra in the 5:3:2 symmetry family
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The Cultivator’s Handbook of Marijuana
“We thought through a lot of alternative ways of dealing
with all this information on the natural aspects of grass
and its cultivation. If parts of this book sound like heavy
biological rap, it’s because science is a life trip as well as
a machine trip, and can be full of understanding.
“Growing grass is easy enough. You can just plant seeds
and let them grow or not, on their own. But grass is a
plant in very delicate balance with its environment, for
all its apparent strength. As with people, whether or
not a plant merely survives is not a real issue. Harmony
and balance should be created between the vital forces
in the plant and the beneficial aspects of the environ-
ment if its life is to have high quality.
“We'll talk about two things in the course of this book——
how to grow grass, and why grass grows.”
. and right on.
Bill Drake
1970; 88 pp.
$2.50 postpaid
th
from:
The Augur Publishing Company
Room 202
115 €E. 11th
Eugene, Oregon 97401
or WHOLE EARTH
Knowing Your Trees
The encyclopedia of trees in America, with descriptions
and illustrations. There are photos of leaves, seed pods,
bark, and the natural range of each type tree. Lovingly
presented, in print for over 30 years.
[Suggested by Rodger Reid]
ee | Your Trees
G. H. Collingwood & Warren D. Brush
Rev. & Ed. by Devereux Butcher
1937, 1964; 349 pp.
$7.50 postpaid
from:
The American Forestry Association
919 Seventeenth Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C. 20006
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Man’s Role in Changing the Face of the Earth
This book of almost 1200 pages is the result of a major con-
ference held in 1955, sponsored by the Wenner Gren Foun-
dation for Anthropological Research. More than 50 scholars
submitted papers, covering almost every imaginable point of
view related to man’s capacity to transform his physical
environment. Though first presented nearly 15 years ago,
the facts and insights are richly rewarding today. In my
The three sections of the book are: |. ‘Retrospect’, an
historical background, ““Process’’, methods and agencies
involved in man’s interactions with the land; and 111.
Earth. Some typical subjects covered within these sections
include: fire as the great force employed by man; origins
and decline of woodlands; man and grass (sic); ecology of
peasant life; harvests of the seas; ports channels and coast-
tured around it).
This book rewards a reader like me because of its minimum
of moralizing and its abundant substance. Edgar Anderson,
director of the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis and
plete, pointed out that the average thoughtful person has
little inkling of how man has reclothed the world. Even
professional biologists have been tardy in recognizing that
a significant portion of the plants and animals surrounding
us are of our own making. For example, neither Kentucky
bluegrass nor Canada bluegrass is native to those places, but
came from Europe. The corn belt is a very obviously man-
dominated landscape, but the casual observer might never
realize that even the grass covered and oak-dotted stretches
of what looks like indigenous California vegetation came
uninvited from the Old World along with the Spaniards.
The Cultivator’s Handbook of Marijuana
opinion in fact, it is an unsurpassed achievement in assembling
pertinent, insightful information of interest not only to serious
students of the planet Earth, but to non-trained readers as well.
“Prospect”’,
the effects and future implications of man’s habitation of the
lines; and sewerage (don’t belittle sewerage——society is struc- ‘
without whom such a book as this would be'certainly incom-
[Reviewed by Richard Raymond]
Acapulco Gold, Panama Red and other strains of grass are
reputed to be particularly potent because of a fortuitous com-
bination of climate and soils. Actually, soil has nothing to do
with potency, except that it contributes to the plant's health, and
certain mineral deficiencies do cut down on resin potency (see page
31). Climate has a similar relationship with potency. It is the
genetic properties of grass which determine potency, and these
genetic properties vary from strain to strain, but can be easily
manipulated by cultivators. Sowa Ads
Female Flowers (showing reproductive organs
in association with leaves)
Male Flowers (pollen-containing
pods are separate from the leaves)
Many writers have picked up on a piece of misinformation which
holds male plants to be useless for drug purposes. It is substantially
true that males have a much lower potency than females, but that
is not the reason that they are pulled up and destroyed by profes-
‘sional growers. They are pulled primarily because if the male is
allowed to go to maturity and pollenate the female, she will lose
considerable potency because much of her energy will then be
turned to nourishing the fertilized seed. What might be gained,
then, in terms of overall bulk at harvest time by keeping the
male plants will be lost in per-unit potency of female plants.
So it becomes a trade-off situation where you have the option
of lots of leaves (both male and female plants harvested) with
lowered potency per unit of yield, or less yield (destroy the
males and keep only females) with a higher per-unit potency.
It is up to the individual cultivator to make the decision.
SILVER FIR or Pacific silver
amabilis—
lowland white fir, with which
ful curves.
~
Seed pods of Black Locust.
care how many
water.
IN CHANGING THE ae
OF THE EARTH ©
An interna: sonal Symposium
under the Co-chairmanchip
Saver Marston Bates Lewis
Man’s Role in Changing
the Face of the Earth
William L. Thomas, ed.
1956; 1193 pp.
$ 15.00 postpaid
from:
University of Chicago Press
11030 South Langley Avenue
Chicago, IIlinois 60628
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
pattern was not
research is conti
for the striking silvery white appearance of the under side of its
needies. Another name applied to it is lovely fir ——implied by
-because of its beautiful pyramidal or spire-like form
in comparison with the usually dome-like crown of noble fir and
form of silver fir shows to best advantage in open situations where
it is densely clothed to the ground with comparatively short
branches. These branches sweep downward and outward in grace-
There’s a growing horror that we may have reached the
“point of no return” in planetary pollution.
monthly magazine with factual reports of current
ecological trends. Much information on insecticides,
oil and nuclear contamination, and good reviews of _,
books on the environmental sciences.
Nature wins the war?”
The study revealed that sewage waste
water can take the place of both com-
mercial fertilizer and the usual irrigation
Can this be sewage? Winter irrigation with the
treated sewage effluent in this forested area pro-
duced a fairyland of ice. Because effluent is
produced year round, some special distribution
techniques had to be developed for operating
the system during sub-freezing temperatures.
Several methods were tried including open trenches,
perforated pipes, and revolving sprinklers. But the
best performance was obtained using a stationary
deflecting sprinkler-head developed specially for
the project. Although the new sprinklers operated
continuously under all conditions, the distribution
Another common source of death and
destruction among indoor Cannabis
plants is tobacco smoke. It is with a
heavy heart, my fellow Americans, that |
announce tonight that the smoking lamp
is not lighted during grass cultivation. If
smokers are using the same air supply
which the plants must breathe, you must
try to filter the air somehow or take
great risks with the plants’ survival up
until the third week, and with their
health beyond that.
Male Flower
{Open to show detail)
Netail of tray
Finished Box
If the seedlings are to be transplanted at any point, it will be heipful
to germinate them in containers making transfer to the planting
soil easy and non-traumatic. Germinating the seeds in ice-cube trays
or similar devices allows easy transfer of the seedlings in their
Original soil. The ball of soil can either be popped out at transplant
time; or each depression in the tray can be lined with foil or
plastic before the germinating soil is added, making transplantation
a matter of lifting out the ball of soil intact and placing it in the
receiving soil equally undisturbed. The foil or plastic film can be
removed easily prior to placing the seedling in its new home.
without trays
fir, as it is also called, is so named
it is often associated. The pleasing
Fan-shaped leaf of Ginkgo
tree is found in no other
plant.
The redwood and its close Sierra relative, the giant sequoia,
Sequoia gigantea, are the largest, and almost the oldest, life
forms in North America, if not in the world.
Accurate ring counts cannot be secured without destroying the
tree, but it is assumed that redwoods 300 feet high and twenty
feet or more in diameter may approach an age of 2,000 years.
Most of the redwoods cut in commercial operations are from
400 to 800 years old. These are from three to ten feet in dia
meter, and 200 to 275 feet tall.
This is a
“Who will
battles with Nature man wins if
[Suggested by Barry Kast]
Environment
$8.50 /yr. (monthly)
from:
Committee for Environment Information
438 North Skinker Boulevard
Saint Louis, MO 63130
By designing automobiles so that they
could be easily and economically re-
claimed and establishing a national
system for returning them to manufac-
turers, energy requirements for the steel
in automobiles could be cut dramatically
and one of the nation’s worst waste-disposal
problems could be solved at the same time.
The plastic industry's world production
capacity will triple in the next ten years,
according to ‘‘Chemical Week." “‘Disposal
of plastics will present ‘a real problem’——
but it will be only a small part of the total
industrial solids-disposal problem. No
advance in the development of ‘biodegrad-
able’ plastics is likely in the near future,’
according to D. G. Owens, Deputy Chair-
man of the Plastics Division of ICI, an
international fiber manufacturer.
completely satisfactory, and
nuing to try to improve them.
Sal
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1961; 926 pp
$10.19 postpaid
How to Grow Vegetables and Fruits
by the Organic Method
ed. J. |. Rodale and Staff
from:
Rodale Books, Inc.
33 East Minor Street
Emmaus, PA 18049
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Organic Gardening & Farming
$5.85 for one year, monthly
$ _.60 per copy
from:
Rodale Books, Inc.
33 East Minor Street
Emmaus, PA 18049
from:
A BARREL ROOT CELLAR con store all or most
garden produce in a fresh state over the winter.
The Encyclo
J. |. Rodale & Staff
1968; 1145 pp.
$10.19 postpaid
Rodale Books, Inc.
33 East Minor Street
Emmaus, PA 18049
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Rock Mulch
2B 3-m Mulch
3 => 1-in Compost
+ Large Tn Can
5B (Mixture~Compost,
Peat Moss, Leas Meuld,
Top Soil, Phosphate Rook
Several “secrets” are involved in this diagram.
In addition to digging an outsize hole and us
ing the large center stone, you also mulch with
rocks and leaves and install adequate drainage
A Tier-Shelf Bed for Mushrooms
A Big 11 Dollars’ Worth
For $11, Dick built a lot of plant-starter for Natalie. The whole
structure resembles a big box except for the peak roof, and measures
6 by 8 feet, with 6-foot side walls. The frame is rough 1-by-4 pine
that runs from the 3 uprights on each side to the rafters that form
the peak. There is no overhang on the rafters, which are flush with
the walls. So the plastic cover can be tacked to the foundation on
one side, then run over the top of the roof, and nailed to the foun-
dation on the other side.
Dick used heavy plastic that comes in three-foot-wide rolls, and
since the rafters and sides of the framework are on 3-foot centers
it works perfectly. He fastened the plastic to the framework with
lath or cardboard strips nailed on with cardboard. The foundation
is made of old planks.
The starter is set flush against the south side of the house, right
outside a bedroom window, that can be opened to let heat from
.the house into the greenhouse when the temperature outside
gets too cold. The Schieds also ran an electric cord through the
window to a heat bulb to furnish additional heat when necessary.
The plastic to cover the building costs $3, and lasts for one season.
After the plants have been planted in the garden, the framework
can be moved and stored until the next season.
If you love watermelons but don’t have much garden space, grow
sugar baby on trellises. The fruit grows to about half a foot in
diameter and is as sweet and juicy as any variety.
| grew the sugar baby miniatures easily and successfully on a wire
trellis that runs along the south wall of my home in Raymond,
Nebraska.
To ready the soil, | tilled deep, working in a little compost, leaves
and vegetable peelings, but adding no fertilizer. Next, | raked up a
mound about two feet wide and planted seeds about a foot and a
half apart just under the wire. Between each “‘hill’’ | sank tin cans,
open at both ends, to hold water and make it more accessible to the
roots. Later, after the plants were established, corn husks were
applied as mulch.
.,. Naturally, “melons on a trellis ‘ were a conversation piece. But,
the real rewards came when it was just a matter of stepping out into
the yard for a sweet piece of melon.
before being set in trench.
ia of Organic Gardening
6 CD Large Rock
7 Top Sol
Small Rocks
q Compost,
Top Soul, Leaf Mould,
Phosphate Rock
10 4-in. Drain Tile
Wuip or Toncue Grart: This
appears to be the best method where
the stock and scion are close to the
same thickness. When the stock that is
to be grafted is greater than 34-inch
in diameter, it is best to use some
other form of grafting because it
would be very difficult to make the
proper cuts with the grafting tools.
The Organic Gardening Books
When | first started gardening three seasons ago, | considered
How to Grow Vegetables and Fruits by the Organic Method
as the first and last word on raising your own food. And {
still believe that if you intend to own only one gardening
book, that’s the one to have. |n addition to all the facts you
need about soil, compost, mulch, and most domestic fruits
and vegetables grown in North America, the book contains
beautiful statements by individual gardeners, and by the
editors themselves, that add up to an eloquent testimony
in behalf of the organic idea. It is these statements, these
images of gardeners as people trying to make their very
lives organic, that gives the book its strength and true
distinction. It’s a book to turn a person on to the organic
idea in the first place, and then go on to show him in
precise detail ways to put that idea into practice. The
book is an indispensable guide for the beginning organic
gardener.
The thing | have discovered through further reading and
continued gardening, however, is that, as good as it is,
How to Grow Vegetables and Fruits is neither the first
or the last word on the subject. There’s a new book out
now called Grow Your Own, by Jeanie Darlington, that
to my mind comes closer to being the first word. And
two other sources, The Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening
and all of Ruth Stout’s work in general, strike me as being
closer to final statements.
All | mean by “first’’ and “last” is that Grow Your Own
is for gardeners who are absolutely just beginning, and
not only beginning, but beginning in a city at that, right
up there on the very front lines where conditions come
closest to impossible; while the other sources | mentioned
are for people who have had gardening experience and
are out to improve upon, rather than discover, their
individual methods.
Grow Your Own is by a young Berkeley, California woman
who did the whole organic trip in a plot ten feet by ten
feet outside her home, paid close attention to what was
going on, did careful homework, and then turned it all
into a lovely little paperback book. It’s an extremely per-
sonal book, sort of like a letter to close friends, charming
and informational. (Of ladybugs, Jeanie says: “Imagine
Volkswagens humping. That’s what ladybugs look like
when they mate”). The first audience for Grow Your Own
is other beginning gardeners in the San Francisco Bay region,
because much of the information on soil, weather and
sources of organic supplies are of a local nature. But it is
by no means a purely “local” book. It’s a community
book, but the community Jeanie is speaking to, and for,
is scattered everywhere, and geography will not greatly
diminish the book’s practical usefulness. As the book
serves the community with facts, it also helps create
it in spirit. It establishes Jeanie as a kind of hero, in that
by effort she has gained the experience of a professional
without sacrificing the joyous spirit of the ama‘2ur. She’s
a freak, but she’s a competent freak, and compe tent freaks
just may be the most important people in the entire culture
at this nervous point in its development. Grow Your Own
is a solid achievement that everybody in the community
can not only benefit from, but feel proud of.
A lot of experienced gardeners find the Encyclopedia of
Organic Gardening more usefu/ than How to Grow Vegetables
and Fruits, and this is understandable. Once you’re deep into
gardening, past the point of needing to be convinced and
wanting only to get on with the work at hand, the Encyclo-
pedia does stand as a handier, more efficient tool. There’s
no table of contents. The subjects are not laid out in cate-
gories. |t’s all there in alphabetical order, crabapple followed
by crabgrass; tobacco followed by tomato; lima beans, lime,
New
Mites
Mytizent of
co NENG
How to Havea
Gireen Thumb
Without an
Aching Back
How to Have aGreen Thumb from:
Without an Aching Back Publications
Ruth Stout imon chuster, Inc.
1955; 160 pp. (dk. green text)_ 630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10020
$1.45 postpaid or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
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3 A strong, well-made barrel should be used and
lime tree, limonium, linaria and linden. Virtually any
question you ‘d like to ask a master gardener is anticipated
and answered here, and beyond that, a lot of questions
that wouldn't have occurred to you are asked on your
behalf and then answered. You wind up with a lot of
accidental knowledge, browsing in this volume, and that’s
always fun and frequently immediately useful. | can best
sum up my feelings about the Encyclopedia by simply
saying that after three seasons as a gardener, I’m about
to buy a copy, instead of borrowing any more, out of
an impulse to acquire literature on gardening to match my
own level of competence and curiosity.
/f you were to chart a course from Grow Your Own, through
How to Grow Vegetables and Fruits, on into the Encyclopedia,
you'd wind up, of course, in Ruth Stout’s garden watching
her ignore practically everything you just learned from all
those books as she grows stuff twice as good and ten times
as easily as you do. Well, not really ignoring it. Just seeming
to, in the same way that your grandmother ignores the
printed recipe as she sort of unconsciously mixes a lot of
stuff together and throws it in a coal stove oven to make the
best Sunday dinner you ever sat down to. Ruth Stout is a
master gardener who’s been refining her procedures for
decades now. She’s sort of like an elderly Zen priest, an old
roshi who after years of work and study has distilled a large
burden of “knowledge” into a single gem of wisdom which
he renders in a single haiku. Just at the point that / felt
like | was really catching on to making compost and feeling
kind of proud, | found out that Mrs. Stout doesn’t fool
with compost anymore. Too much trouble. Doesn’t fool
with tools much either. Doesn’t fool with anything much,
actually, except mulch. Just spreads a lot of hay around,
plants by poking a hole in the ground with her finger, and
when it is time, goes out and picks the produce and eats
it. I’m confident that if | were to do everything in my
garden that she does in hers, mine would still fail while
hers would flourish, simply because I’m too young and
foolish to get along without some rules. It’s the difference
between wisdom and knowledge, between having correct
information and knowing the truth. 1’/l be needing “‘the
facts’ for a long time to come, but Mrs. Stout assimilated
all of that long ago. She just... does it, and her accounts
of doing it are among the very best statements on organic
gardening that you're likely to come across.
The thing to remember about organic gardening is that it’s
a movement, a national energy that since its beginnings
early in the 1940's has grown into a force so potent by
now that it contains serious political implications. The
books | have mentioned are landmark documents. But
more central to organic gardening as a movement is a
monthly magazine published by the same Rodales who
brought out the Encyclopedia and How to Grow Vegetables
and Fruits, ca//ed Organic Gardening and Farming. /t has
occurred to me that if | were a dictator determined to
control the national press, Organic Gardening wou/d be
the first publication I’d squash, because it is the most
subversive. The whole organic movement is exquisitely
subversive. | believe that organic gardeners are in the
forefront of a serious effort to save the world by changing
man’s orientation to it, to move away from the collective,
centrist, super-industrial state, toward a simpler, realer
one-to-one relationship with the earth itself. Most of the
current talk about “ecology’’ in America is simply the
noise that accompanies all fads. It’s obviously doomed to
go the way of hula-hoops and the fifty-mile hike. The
thing | like to remember is that even when all the froth
has blown away, and the rhetoric of pop-ecology has
drifted off to join the other forms of pollution in the sky,
the gardeners are going to still be gardening. Theyre
going to quietly go on composting and tilling and planting,
and then reaping all the good things they have sown.
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
Soil Test Kit
A soil test kit enables you to test your garden soil for
acidity/alkalinity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potash. A
test will show what is present and what is lacking. There
are test tubes, chemicals, and a color chart to gauge results.
Be sure to ask for “The Organic Supplement” prepared by
Organic Gardening magazine in case “’. . . you have decided
to work with Nature’s own methods of fertilization.” Feed
the soil, not the plant.
Sudbury Soil Test Kit
Send for descriptive literature
Kits: $5.95-$39.95
from:
Sudbury Laboratory, Inc.
Sudbury, Mass. 01776
Orow Your Own
' Grow Your Own
Jeanie Darlington
1970; 87 pp.
$1 75 postpaid
from:
The Bookworks
1611 San Pablo Avenue
Berkeley, CA 94702
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Flowers
Of course you can buy seedlings in the nursery and even the super-
market. That's good for hard-to-grow seeds such as petunias. But
seed is cheap and fun. Easy flowers to grow include:
Sunflowers. Harvest the seeds for you and your friends and for
the birds.
Strawflowers are fun and they can be dried.
African daisies, calendula, and California poppies are good for hot
sunny places.
*
An Agricultural Testament
The first ‘organic gardener’ | ever ran into was a man who ended
all his sentences “thus saith the Lord.’ The Lord, it turned out,
had been in the habit of speaking in a very conversational manner
to this fellow, and had given him all manner of helpful hints on
gardening——among other things, a recipe for fertilizer. | noticed
that the Lord's side of the conversation tended to be most flattering
to my new acquaintance, and most decidedly threatening to all the
neighbors——a gang of villains, who were going to die of cancer
because of such sins as listening to the wrong prophets, and cooking
with aluminum pots.
Now | would be the last to deny the possibility that a man might
receive the word from on high and speak beyond the usual powers
of his head. But | am exceedingly mistrustful of a man who depends
on divine revelation to show him what is obvious about the ground
under his feet. This man deservedly belongs in ‘the lunatic fringe ’
of a discipline that demands respect and attention not because it
is far out or esoteric or mystical, but because it makes good sense
The principles of organic agriculture are not derived from mystical
insight or revelation, but are based upon observation. They have
been established in our part of the world in our time by men who
were excellent observers, and who were moreover accomplished and
respectable scientists. The scientific respectability of organic methods
has been obscured for us both by those wo have insisted upon making
a cult of the obvious and by the affluence and glamor of technological
agricul ture——the agriculture of chemicals and corporations.
The pioneer book of organic agriculture in modern times is King’s
Farmers of Forty Centuries, which proposed no innovation, but only
provided new access to the ancient tradition of organic practice in the
Orient. King was no cultist or food faddist. He was a professor of
agriculture, an eminently practical and observant man, well enough
trained that he fully understood what he saw, in terms of the history
and culture of Asia, and in terms of its potential usefulness to the West,
King’s is one of the most important books | have ever read. If it is
allowed to remain out of print | believe that will be a tragedy and a
great loss, for it can provide indispensable insights into the causes and
the possible remedies of our environmental crisis.
King’s most famous reader and follower was probably Sir Albert
Howard, who in thirty years of research and experimentation
established scientifcally the soundness of the ancient methods.
Howard's An Agricultural Testament is another extremely important
book. Howard's work is based upon the premise that good agricul-
tural practice is based upon the observation and the use of natural
processes. King’s book, Howard thought, demonstrated that an
agriculture based upon natural processes could thrive for an unlimited
time, whereas an agriculture that contradicts or ignores natural
processes can only exhaust the land, and in its failure assures the
failure of the society.
Chemical fertilizers put your soil on a speed trip. The normal
component balance of the soil is disturbed by the availability of
more plant food than can be accepted. For a short time, every-
thing that is living in the soil gets pushed way beyond its normal
rhythm of life and of course the humus stores are depleted. A
chemically treated soil is almost devoid of soil bacteria and
earthworms. The structural strength of the soil is lost, and hard
pans form that make it hard for water to penetrate deeply. This
* causes dust storm and erosion problems.
A forest is an ideal example of good soil structure. The leaves,
twigs, and everything else that falls to the ground, act as a mulch
and gradually decay, leaving a spongy rich layer of humus just
below the surface. It is well balanced in all the nutrients necessary
to the soil below and to all the living things in it. All the reserves
are there mainly in an insoluble form, and they are gradually
released by the action of the weather, the bacteria, the earthworms,
and all the other micro-organisms in the soil.
California soil has a high clay content and needs a lot of organic
matter (leaves, manure, compost) added to it to break it down and
lighten it up. This helps in the release of soil nutrients and allows
good root growth.
Birds are good friends to the organic gardener. If you feed them
seed this winter, they'll stick around and eat their share of bug
kingdom baddies next summer.
Sweet Peas. The climbing variety, 5-7 feet, is great for hiding a
wall or making a screen. Use trellis netting.
Nasturtiums. Great for hot, dry, poor soil areas. The leaves, which
are peppery and high in Vitamin C, taste great in salads or cream
cheese sandwiches. The flowers are good to eat too, and the green
seed pods can be pickled in vinegar with a touch of mace, allzpice,
1 clove and salt. They resemble capers.
Old Fashioned Garden is a wonderful! surprise packet.
Howard's thinking proceeds from one cardinal fact: ‘The forest
manures itself."” He later elaborates this observation in an agri-
cultural metaphor:
The main characteristic of Nature’s farming can therefore
be summed up in a few words. Mother earth never attempts
to farm without live stock; she always raises mixed crops;
great pains are taken to preserve the soil and to prevent erosion;
the mixed vegetable and animal wastes are converted into humus;
there is no waste; the processes of growth and the processes of
decay balance one another; ample provision is made to main-
tain large reserves of fertility; the greatest care is taken to store
the rainfall; both plants and animals are left to protect them-
selves against disease.
And so the task Howard set himself was first to understand those pro-
cesses and interrelationships by which the natural world sustains and
renews itself, and then to work out methods by which people could
use the land in cooperation with nature. He realized——and | think
it would be hard to overestimate the importance of this——that the
specialized analytical approach of ‘scientific’ agriculture was
creating more problems than it solved:
Instead of breaking up the subject into fragments and
studying agriculture in piecemeal fashion by the analytical
methods of science, appropriate only to the discovery of
new facts, we must adopt a synthetic approach and look
at the wheel of life as one great subject and not as if it were
a patchwork of unrelated things.
He insisted that quality was a more important evaluative standard
than quantity. He saw that the soil was more a process than a sub-
stance, that its life was more important than its analyzable contents,
that its health was not a matter of inert proportions but a balance of
live forces, and that therefore “the correct relation between the
processes of growth and the processes of decay is the first principle
of successful! farming.”
Howard's discoveries and methods and their implications are given in
detail in An Agricultural Testament. They are of enormous useful-
ness to gardeners and farmers, and to anyone else who may be interested
in the history and the problems of land use. But aside from its practical
worth, Howard's book is valuable for his ability to place his facts and
insights within the perspectives of history. This book is a critique of
civilizations, judging them not by their artifacts and victories but by
their response to ‘‘the sacred duty of handing over unimpaired to the
next generation the heritage of a fertile soil.”’
A matter of considerable interest to me is that, written within the
context of more knowledge and from the perspective of a more urgent
time, An Agricultural Testament can be read as a confirmation and elab-
oration of Jefferson's belief in the supreme importance of the small
farmer——the man devoted in final terms to his own piece of his
homeland, who makes of the life of the land a human way of life.
[Suggested and reviewed by Wendell Berry!
AN
AGRICULTURAL
TESTAMENT
An Agricultural Testament
Sir Albert Howard
1940; 253 pp.
$4. 00 postpaid
from:
Oxford University Press
200 Madison Avenue
SIR ALBERT HOWARD
ve Lew
.
|
PLAN.
SECTION.
on
emcee
Derans of Rin Derane Cranmer.
ur” Enaavation ren
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$3.00 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
Plan and working details of composting pits at Tollygunge, Calcutta.
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*
Plants & Gardens
The Brooklyn Botanic Garden publishes reprints from its
quarterly magazine, Plants & Gardens, in booklet form. They
call them “the world’s best illustrated garden & horticultural
books,” and they may well be.
There are 40-50 manuals on a variety of garden subjects, each
full of excellent photos and sound advice.
Plants & Gardens
$2.00 /year (quarterly)
$1.00 /reprint, postpaid
from:
Brooklyn, N. Y. 11225
*
Desert Plants and People
The best book | know of on the useful plants of the arid
regions of northern Mexico and southwestern United States.
/t tells of plants used for food, medicine, construction,
crafts, livestock fodder, etc. Lots of pictures. Also many
interesting stories of Mexican “‘curados” (herb doctors).
. [Suggested and reviewed by Paul Bandy]
Desert Plants and People
Sam Hicks
1966; 75 pp.
$5.95 postpaid
from:
The Naylor Company, Publishers
1015 Culebra
San Antonio, Texas 78201
Angel Lopez, formerly of Ixclan, Nyarit, is also a man of self-
reliance and unusual capabilities. He attributes the cure of his
stomach ulcers, shortly after he came to the United States, to the
herb teas he took while he was working as a section hand on the
railroad. He now has a few head of milk cows, some poultry, and a
good many beehives from which he derives his principal income. He
is the gentlest person with his livestock | believe | have ever seen and
is so considerate of his bees that his actions seem to border on the
ridiculous.
| have watched him hunting about his place on cold, spring evenings,
carefully gathering up those bees too chilled and too heavily laden
with pollen to fly. He gently puts them in his old felt hat, and after
searching until he’s sure that none will be left out to suffer further
from the cold, he carries them to his car and closes them in for the
night. He is an enthusiastic student of natural things and a man of
infinite patience. | once visited with him as he dug a colony of
ants out of the ground near his house, put them all in a fruit jar,
and transplanted them several miles away, rather than exterminate
them.
*
Gravely Tractor
/ own an old one——and my 5 acres is more like 35. We
mow, plow, cultivate, cut brush, saw wood, pump water,
plow and blow deep snow, clear ice, haul, etc., with it.
No belts and plenty of power. (Don’t try to help it——
it’s stronger than you are.) Rotary plow turns organic
debris under and leaves a ready-to-plant seed bed in
one operation.
How did you miss it so long? Not cheap, first cost, but
it will outlast them all and does a better job easier.
[Reviewed by George D. James, Jr.]
Brochure from: 2 wheel tractors $500-910.
Gravely Corporation Rotary plow $136.00
Gravely Lane Rotary mower $144.00
Clemons, N. C. 27012 4-wheel tractors $1135-1767.
Use of insecticides. On any crop most of the potential pests are held
under control by natural enemies. Those which are not so controlled
may require chemical treatment. In so doing it is probable that the
natural enemies of the minor, or potential, pests will be eliminated so
that their hosts will assume pest proportions in the absence of natural
checks. This has been demonstrated in California on avocados which
enjoy excellent biological pest control; growers have found that a little
insect damage from no chemical treatment is preferable to opening
Pandora’s box of added problems by the ill-advised use of insecticides.
The Brooklyn Botanic Garden
Biological Control of Plant Pests
Sweet Marjoram (Majorana hortensis)
One of the most fragrant and popular of all herbs. It is low and
spreading, reaching about 8 to 12 inches in height, with small, oval,
gray-green leaves that are velvety to the touch.
Use: The fresh or dried leaves are widely used as a flavoring in
cooking. Oil is used in perfumery.
Horticultural Use: Gray color of foliage contrasts well with brighter
greens. Can be used in borders.
Culture: Easily grown from seed or cuttings. In the North it is
best treated as an annual or kept over winter as a pot plant. In
the South it is perennial.
Harvesting: Use fresh at any time; cut leafy stems at flowering time
and dry for future use. Herbe
The value of the useful mints lies in volatile oils produced on their
leaves and stems. These oils are found in tiny glands which can be
seen with a magnifying glass. If a hand is brushed against the plant
some of the oil is released and clings to the skin.
Herbs
e
The ocotillo, also known as coachwhip Jacob’‘s-staff, and vine-
cactus, is found in desert areas from the western part of Texas
to the southern part of California and south into Mexico. The
plant usually has several slender, spiny branches and may grow as
high as twenty feet. It is used as a hedge plant at times. Fences
may be built of it, and it has also been used in combination with
adobe mud as a building material.
Sycamore Bark, or Céscara de Aliso, Tea. A pleasant beverage, this
tea is similar to sassafras in both color and taste. The bark is
chipped from the trunk near ground level, or from the roots
slightly below the surface. The bark requires several minutes of
brisk boiling to make a flavorful, red tea. Cascara de aliso tea is
widely used in Mexico as a coffee substitute. Sections of orange
or grapefruit peel are frequently cooked with the tea to add to its
flavor. Young Indian women of the southern California tribes used
to drink té de aliso as an aid to childbirth.
Elderberry: Teas of varying strengths cooked from the flowers are
taken by expectant mothers for morning sickness and given to tiny
babies for colic. In Mexico, two glasses of flor de safico tea are
still a standard dosage for breaking the fever of children suffering
from measles. It is a soothing antacid tonic which, as a matter of
custom, is sloshed liberally into burning stomachs the “‘morning
after” by the participating members of gala southwestern fiestas.
Hot tea is taken as a reliable cold and flu medicine, and flor de
safico is also boiled in milk to make a medicated cough syrup.
bank under your pad.
stream banks.
*
Soil Conservation Service—USDA
ss Most rural areas of the US are incorporated into Agricul-
3 s: tural Conservation Districts. This situation offers two
8: services you should be aware of.
1. Soil conservationist & engineers—
s: The services of these people are available to you through
your local district office. If you need a livestock pond or
watering sites for wild game, they’ll do the engineering
for you. They can also help out if your basement floods,
your soil is blowing away or the creek is eating away the
2. Agricultural Credit & Production—
ACP, as this program is referred to, is a cost sharing program For information, write:
for land owners or users sponsored by the US Dept. of
Agriculture. 1f you are located within a conservation district, California ASCS State Office
you may be eligible for government money to help you
develop springs, seed pasture, build fences or stabilize
[Reviewed by Ed Johnson] Govt.
Blue crown passion flower.
In Mexico an extract made from crushed elderberry leaves soaked
in alcohol is taken in the proportion of ten drops to a glass of
water for halting diarrhea, and tea cooked from its leaves is used
for the treatment of dropsy.
“4
The best life saving plants are the cacti. Not only are the fruits
of them eatable, palatable, and contain much nourishment, but the
plant is also. The round species that grow on the ground are the
best. The top is cut off by inserting the knife blade into the side,
a couple of inches from the top, then making a horizontal cut
around it. The top is lifted off, chunks of the center are cut out
and chewed. It is surprising how refreshing and pleasant the juice
is. What is in the juice not only ends your craving for water, it
also replaces some food value to your body. The pulp of the cacti
is only chewed, but the fruit that many of the cacti have are eaten,
and from them you get the best food value. The young, tender
blades of the prickly pear cactus are eatable, raw or toasted over a
fire. The cabbage-like head of the sotol, when put into a hot fire
and toasted, makes a good meal.
Much can be learned from watching and studying the animals and
birds in the arid regions of the border country. Notice the species
of cacti that animals have gnawed into to get needed moisture.
Some may have been rodents, skunks, foxes, coyotes, and deer.
The specie that they select is the best one for you. The best way
to locate where water can be found is to watch the doves. When
you see numbers of them flying in the same direction towards a
canyon or a draw in the mountains, follow their course, and you
will find a spring or a tinaja. Animals’ trails will also lead you to
water. Wild life make good teachers, you can learn much from
them and in a rough country to make it easier you cannot learn
too much.
R VATION
In California:
2020 Miilvia Street
Berkeley, CA 94704
Other states.
look in phone book under U. S.
... Agriculture, Dept. of,
Soil Conservation District.
=
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oS
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ALING AGENTS UTENSILS BASKETRY
: DOS BEVERAGE TEAS FLEL SHA H+
MEDICINAL REMEDIES CANDLEMARING F
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CALIFORNIA
=
se
3.
of,
The Indian Tipi
Tipis are cheap and portable. To live in one
involves intimate familiarity with fire, earth,
sky, and roundness. The canvas is a shadow-
play of branches by day, people by night.
Depending on your body’s attitude about
weather, a tipi as dwelling is either a delight
or a nuisance. Whichever, you can appreciate
the elegant design, of a tipi and the complete-
ness of the culture that produced it.
The Laubin’s book is the only one on tipis,
put it is very good. All the information you
need, technical or traditional, is here, and the
Laubins are interesting people.
Later we discovered that the idea of a ventilating
pipe underground to the fireplace is the very best
way of insuring a clear lodge and the most heat.
It is a joy to be alive on days like this, and when we
come back to the tipi, after a long ride or a hike in
the mountains, the little fire is more cozy and cheer-
ful than ever. The moon rides high in the late fall
nights, and when it is full, shines right down through
the smoke hole. Its pale white light on the tipi fur-
nishings, added to the rosy glow of the dying fire, is
beautiful beyond description.
The Indian Tipi
Reginald and Gladys Laubin
1957; 208 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
University of Oklahoma Press
Sales Office
1005 Asp Avenue
Norman, Okla. 73069
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fic. 3. Erecting the Sioux Tipi.
Tipis
We have word about three sources in the U.S.
of ready-made tipis, and so far Goodwin-Cole
is still the best>best construction, lowest cost.
They also have tipi liners, which you will need
if weather is wet or cold.
For the following, shipping weights are undetermined.
Inquire, or have the item sent shipping cost C.O.D.
10-foot is suitable for nomadic couple; 14-foot for
small family. 20-foot for extended family or occa-
sions. Flame-treated is unpleasant; law requires it
in some places. Tipis of green, blue, orange, red,or
= Aladdin Industries, Inc.
ss Kerosene Lamp Division
ss Nashville, Tennessee 37210
yellow drill are available. Poles are available if you're s: Some of the Aladdins are rather ornamental. The
simplest designs are:
Goodwin-Cole Company 3: B—165 Font Lamp (aluminum, w/o base)
1315 Alhambra Blvd. 3
Sacramento, California 95816 or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG # $22.95 shipping weight 2.5 tbs
= B—140 Table Lamps (with base)
$23.95 shipping weight 2.7 Ibs
and B—223 Hanging Lamp
1 2 PAINTED se
= sf oucn | | | | $28.95 shipping weight 3.5 Ibs, shade extra
WATURAL NATURAL YELLO. WHITE UNPAINTED | AROUND BASE | 10 02. SF. ss
ee
10 $60 $64 $85 $90 $40 | 10@$25| $28
12’ $69 $73 $94 $112 $45 |12@$27] $31
N—103 Chimney
14’ $77 $84 $113 $129 $50 | 14@$29] $35 oH N—150 Mantle
ss
16’ $88 $94 $133 $155 $53. | 16@ $31 $38
ee
18’ $97 $107 $150 $172 $57 18@$33 | $42 8
ee
ee
20° $107 $119 $174 $202 $60 | 20@$35| $45 HH
se
22’ $117 $134 | $197 $236 $63 | 22@$37| $52 5
2° | $137 | $154 | $233 | $285 | $68 | 24@$39| $62 8
$$
Cover. 8’ Front Pole
Two Designs... add $10 40" of 4" Rope Prices are F.0.8. our Sacramento
on C.0.D. orders.
$3
Indians had definite rules of etiquette for life in the
tipi. If the door wes open, friends usually walked
right in. If the door was closed, they called out or
rattied the door covering and awaited an invitation
to enter. A shy person might just cough to fet those
inside know he was waiting.
crossed over the door, it meant that the owners
either were away or desired no company. If they
went away, they first closed the smoke flaps by
lapping or crossing them over the smoke hole. The
door cover was tied down securely and two sticks
were crossed over it. The door was thus “locked,”
; and as safe in Indian society as the most strongly
F bolted door would be in our civilization today.
The Indian way of attaching peg loops, as illustrated,
far better
stamped
ble about % of an inch in size on the under side of
the cover about six inches above the edge, at a seam
wherever
If two sticks were
@ square knot or a clove hitch about the pebble, then
join the free ends in a square knot. Marbies will do
if you cannot find smooth round pebbles.
Sew strips like this; b
MATERIAL FOR COVER:
+
radius point
Radius 19°3"
Dotted lines indicate seams £ outline of cover before cutting. |
Cross-hatching is reinforcing underneath.
Allow for hems onall cut edges. All dimensions given are final.
Cut gores, reinforcements & pockets from scraps.
needed
S8ft. He cotton
:: Aladdin Kerosene Lamps
ss Coleman lamps are terrible——they hiss and clank and
ss blind you, just like civilization.
3 Aladdin is the answer if you need good light and 117ac
ss isn’t around. It is bright, silent, and requires no
PH pumping. (It does require some babying to keep the
= mantle from smoking up; it’s like not burning toast.)
ss British made and efficiently designed, the lamps are
ss available in this country from:
ss or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fic. 1. Pattern for Sioux Tipi (18-foot).
x
The Indian Tipit
—
of 3/16-inch cord. Double the cord, tie it in either
TH
q
North tripod pole It core
L* Lifting pole
front crotch L |
1A-apart Gores Lacing-pin holes from eage Tis
Q aide :
7f af pairs | Tapert this side for S6'material
a si. af ( Outside of Cover)
d
/ \ anchor pag ailaching peg loops
Oo =) Start with \ G- quest >
from edge jy size q
two half-hitches. Door Cover
Lower edge of tipi
ae
ees
ee
se
¥ “4
\
%,
$2.40
$ .98
q $ .98
Seeds and Trees by Mail Agricultural Publications & Services
Seeds are exquisitely designed instruction capsules for an orderly
rearrangement of the elements. The gardener plays only a small role
in the process—the seed tel/s the soil nutrients, air and water to
organize into exactly what is described on the seed packet.
Automation—and an example of what weve been given to
work with on our planet. Write for brochures.
required if you want more.
Grass. (Yearhook.) $2.00. *YB 1948
Grass for conservation in the southern
Great Plains. 19655. F
Grass makes its own food for growth,
for forage, for good land use and for
soil conservation. 1960. AB
Loans for forestry purposes. 1964.
P.
— and flower seeds. Organic fertilizers and insecticides.
Tri-excel DS, a non-poisonous plant pro-
Natural Development tectant for flowers, vegetables, berries,
trees, It’s made of ground-up flowers,
17502 resins, etc., and it works. The best all-
Loans for water development and soil
around seed source. PA
conservation. 1965.
Loans to cooperatives serving rural
families with low incomes. 1965.
PA 662
Loans to family farmers for recreation
enterprises. 1963.
Loans to rural groups. 1963. PA 560
ig Seeds. “Untreated, natural, old-fashioned, unhybrid-
ized, uncrossed.”’ Several gardeners report
Vite Vita Green Farms that these seeds have not germinated as
P.O. Box 878
well as hybrid types. Growing pumpkins and h
Vista, CA 92803 pk
beets. 1965. L 360 $.40
Dwarf, semi-dwarf and regular fruit trees by mail. This is a 3,000 1959. saergpren ager 2 ‘
from: rh acre nursery, over 150 years old. Growing watercress. 1959. L 448. from:
Nurseries & Orchards
63353
free
from
Davis Headquarters
Forest Nursery, Rte.
1, Box 1410, Davis,
California 95616. The’
state of California’s
distribution center
for trees for refor-
estation, erosion,
windbreaks. A long
form of course, ;
but they mail pines, Each of the 50 states provides agricultural advice and services
cypress, fir, redwoods, w. Atlee Burpee Co. fast and efficient service. through county or area offices of their Agricultural Extension
eucalyptus in quan- Riverside, CA 92502 Service. These services are twofold:
of 1. Farm Advisors, extension agents, or county agents——depen-
ye re raaee Large complete catalogue, similar to Burpee. ding on which state you live in, staff personnel under one of
(4-10” height) are : the above names are available for consultation or house calls
as li arte 0 Guia Seeds, Inc. : in any area of agriculture or related fields such as turf care,
500 home gardening, livestock, pest or rodent control and soil &
: aan water conservation to name a few. Most staffs usually also
have a home economist.
Wildflower & Wild Tree Seeds. Gardeners |
and food growers—and maybe hunters and
gatherers too—should check out Clyde
Robin's seed catalog. It offers not only
wildflowers, which grow easily without too —°S
much attention, but also many weird and
unusual seeds of flowers, trees, shrubs, herbs,
and vegetables, plus occasional information CLYDE ROBIN
on their culture, appearance, uses, etc. catenin
The Special Roadside Mixture grows in places AN pcre y
where you thought only weeds would, and = \\
makesa really gaudy show in early Summer.
After it has bloomed you cut it all down to neo
the ground and the California poppies grow =P
back and flower again. Grow catnip and Pe
turn your cats on—it grows easily from
seed but you have to start the seedlings
inside a small protective wire cage (which the
plants will grow up through and out of) other-
county listings.
Sample publications from the Univ. of California:
Leaf. AXT—116 A Septic Tank For the Farm
Leaf. OSA—114 Simple Water Heating Systems
Castro Valley, CA
David Noton]
837 Cosmos,
Free information on farming, livestock, forestry, soil
science, etc. On general requests not more than one
copy each of 10 publications is sent. Justification is
List of Available Publications
Lettuce and its production. 1962. U. S. Department of Agriculture
AH 221 Washington, D. C. 02050
Agricultural Publications
local county office
or, by mail:
Agricultural Publications
207 University Hall
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720
2. Publications——a wide range of publications are also
available through the AES or the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.
- Some are for sale, but most are free. They are non-scientific
& are written for the lay person. These publications cover
a wide range of subjects of interest in commercial agricul-
ture, home gardening or homemaking. Most states will have
a catalog of their publications, such as the two shown from
the University of Calif. You may either order publications
by mail or pick them up directly at the county office. /f-
you have specific questions, it is often best to pick up bro-
chures at the county office so that you may consult the
farm adviser at the same time. Agricultural Extension
Offices are normally listed in the phone book under the
[Reviewed by Ed Johnson]
wise those dope-crazed cats Leaf.OSA—175 Control of Erosion on Banks and Slopes
$.50 rub out the young plants Around the Home
entirely. Leaf. C-467 Small Earth Dams
from: Leaf. OSA—221 Pruning and Training Young Fruit Trees
Clyde Robin
P. O. Box 2091 [Suggested and reviewed by
Far,
bis é
|
i~
Iture
ions
Sanitation and Health
The World Health Organization publishes three excellent
books on water supply and waste systems.
Excreta Disposal for Rural Areas and Small Communities
is 189 pages of privies, latrines, and septic tanks. It’s a
book for health officials, and gives good information on
outhouse-type waste disposal, as well as water-carried
methods (5 gallons each flush).
The most complete information we’ve seen on building a
methane generator is in the book Composting, which
devotes a whole chapter to the subject. Manure and
shit are placed in a sealed tank, and the anaerobic decom-
position produces methane gas, which can be used for
heating, cooking, lighting, and to power small engines.
The book deals with the reclamation and recycling of
wastes, explains the decomposition of organic matter,
and stresses the importance of sanitation in the process.
[Suggested by Craige Schensted]
A few years ago, | spent some time looking for a good book
on water systems and couldn't find one. Water Supply for
Rural Areas and Small Communities was just what / was
looking for. Excellent information on wells, pumps,
distribution systems, developed springs, and treatment.
The World Health Organization publishes this book and
apparently directs it toward underdeveloped areas. Some
of their reasons for not recommending certain methods
and equipment for outlying areas seem to me to be
applicable to developed areas. For instance, treatment
is recommended only as a last resort because of the
necessity for trained operators and often expensive
equipment. They have found many cases of impure water
in communities where treatment was supposedly taking
place, but for one reason or another, wasn’t happening.
Often, no one worries about water pollution if the water
is being treated.
Many of the methods and equipment described are not
much used in the U. S. There is very good information
on low cost wells. Hand dug, drive point, and jetted.
Also information on hand pumps.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
SKETCH OF MANURE GAS PLANT WITH LATRINES
The use of anaerobic digestion of organic waste materials, such as
farm manure, litter, garbage, and night-soil, accompanied by the
recovery of methane fuel, has been an important development in
rural sanitation during the past 10 to 15 years. This development
is basically an extension of the anaerobic process for sludge diges-
tion used in municipal sewage treatment to small digestion-tank
installations on farms. These farm plants comprise one or more
small digesters and a gas-holder. Manure and other wastes are
placed in a tank which is sealed from atmospheric oxygen, and
are permitted to digest anaerobically. The methane gas, which
is produced during the anaerobic decomposition of the carbon-
aceous materials, is collected in the gas-holder for use as fuel for
cooking, lighting, refrigeration, and heating, and for other domestic
or agricultural purposes, such as providing power for small engines.
Thick coat of
cement-sond-lime plaster
CROSS-SECTION OF INDIVIDUAL DIGESTER UNIT
Either single or multiple family installations can be provided, the
choice depending on whether the single family has sufficient
manure and other wastes to operate a unit. A minimum single
family installation would normally include a digester tank of
about 4-5 m* capacity and a gas-holder of at least 2 m~ capacity.
Two or more digesters are desirable so that there will not be an
interruption of gas production and so that one tank may be loaded
while the other is digesting. A single gas-holder can serve more
than one digester unit. If two or more families living in adjacent
compounds have not more than one farm animal each, it may be
advantageous to combine their wastes in one digester installation
from which the gas could be distributed to each dwelling.
Composting
Attention: Communes, extended familes, groups,
tribes, families, loners
PEOPLE
Subject: Health & Sanitation or Sanitation & Health
It is rapidly becoming clear that if we do not pay
attention to some basic facts about health & its
relation to sanitation we are going to have some
problems. These problems will not/cannot & won't
goaway. Neither can we. There is no where to go.
People thru out time/space have all ways had to deal
with these problems.
SO
People eat food which maintains body which rejects
what it can’t use as waste.
What to do with it OR How to get rid of it
The easiest way is to leave it where you laid it. Prob-
lem: someone else has to cope. Don’t pass your
load on. We are all one. What’s yours is mine. An
other easy is to put it in the river/stream/ditch.
You're still passing on your load. Remember water
equals life. Who wants to drink water with yr. load
init. There isa good solution: put it in the ground.
Give it back to mother-nature; she can use it
(Nitrogen, etc. ).
[Part of a notice from Lama Foundation by Steve Durkee]
* Composti
Harold B. Gotaas
1956; 205 pp.
$5.00 postpaid
* Excreta Disposal for Rural Areas and Small Communities
E. G. Wagner & J. N. Lanoix
1958; 187 pp.
$5.00 postpaid
* Water Supply for Rural Areas and Small Communities
E. G. Wagner & J. N. Lanoix
1959; 340 pp.
$6.75 postpaid
all three from:
The American Public Health Association
1740 Broadway
New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
A reasonably safe way for a villager to prepare excreta for use as
fertilizer is for him to compost it in a privy pit. After the required
period of composting, the pit can be emptied, thus eliminating
the handiing of the raw excreta. ...
1. Dig a pit of required size, the bottom of which should always be
above ground-water level.
2. Before the slab is placed, cover the bottom 50 cm (20 in.) of the
pit with grass cuttings, fine leaves, garbage, paper, etc.; but allow no
rubbish such as metal cans, glass bottles, or similar materials to be
deposited therein.
3. Place slab, and complete superstructure, keeping in mind that
they will both be moved periodically to another site.
4. In addition to depositing human excrement, throw the daily
garbage into the pit, along with cow, horse, sheep, chicken, and
pig manure, as well as urine-soaked earth or straw. The latter
materials are important, as urine is rich in nitrogen, an essential
plant nutrient.
5. About once a week throw a few kilograms of grass clippings and
fine-tex ture leaves into the pit. After some experimentation, one can
arrive at a pit mixture which will provide a good fertilizer.
6. When the pit’s contents reach a level of 50 cm (20 in.) below
ground, a new pit is dug 1.502 m (5-6.5 ft) away (more if desired),
and the superstructure and slab are moved over it. The first pit is
leveled, finally, with 15 cm (6 in.) of grass clippings and leaves, and
the top 35 cm (14 in.) with well-tamped earth. y
7. When the second pit is filled as indicated above, the first pit is
uncovered and the compost removed. It should be stable, and will
provide a good fertilizer which can be applied immediately to the
fields or stored. ...
Before applying or recommending this method in a rural area where
it is not familiar, it is desirable to try it first on a pilot scale under
adequate control in order to determine the proper operating schedule
and materials suitable and available in the area under consideration.
The collaboration of agricultural officials and of local leaders among
the farmers of the area is necessary.
Excreta Disposal
Fig. 33. PROPERLY PROTECTED SPRING (I)
4, whe”
As Protective drainage ditch to keep drainage water a safe distance from spring
B = Original slope and ground line
C = Screened outlet pipe : can discharge freely or be piped to village or residence
Springs can offer an economical and safe source of water. A thorough search should
be made for signs of ground-water outcropping. Springs that can be piped to the user by
gravity offer an excellent solution. Rainfall variation may influence the yield, so dry-
weather flow should be checked.
Hand-dug wells naturally have certain limitations. While successful
wells have been sunk in special circumstances to depths of over 120m
(400 ft), half that distance is usually considered the limit of practical
sinking.
The first consideration, then, in designing a well is its diameter;
neglecting for the moment large-diameter wells built for special
purposes, the size of a completed well represents a compromise
between economic and practical considerations. It has been found
that the cost of a lined well varies almost exactly with its diameter,
taking into account the increased thickness of lining necessary in a
larger well. The minimum diameter is limited by the room available
for a man or men to work; experiments show that a diameter of about
1m (3% ft) is necessary for one man and about 1.3 m (4% ft) for
two men. It has been found that the efficiency of two sinkers
working together is more than twice that of a single man, and con-
sequently a 1.3-m (4%-ft) diameter is a convenient standard size.
Other considerations affecting this decision are the greater natural
ventilation of the larger hole, the more efficient size of the kibbles
(hoisting buckets) and other equipment which can be used in it,
the additional room for concreting operations and insertion of
caisson rings, and the possibility of using orange-peel grabs if
desired. On the other hand, an increase in diameter beyond 1.3 m
(4% ft) does not appear to give any great constructional advantages.
The quantity of water from a spring can very often be substantially
increased by digging out the area around the spring down to an
impervious layer to remove silt, decomposed rock, and other rock
fragments and mineral matter (usually calcium carbonate) some-
times deposited by the emerging ground water. In doing this,
particular care should be taken, especially in fissured limestone
areas, to avoid disturbing underground formations to the extent
that the spring is deflected in another direction or into other
fissures.
Energy which Nature has provided, such as the wind, should be
taken advantage of whenever possible. In many Northern European
and Western Hemisphere countries, wind energy is used for pumping
water for farms, homes, and small communities. This method is
excellent for obtaining a steady flow of water from a well at a
very low cost.
For proper operation, the following conditions must be met:
(1) winds of more than 8 km per hour during at least 60% of
the time;
(2) available windmill equipment;
(3) wells that can be pumped for many hours’ duration each day;
(4) storage capacity of three days’ supply (or more) to take :-
advantage of long pumping periods and to provide for calm
periods when there is no wind;
(5) clear sweep of wind to the windmill. This can be obtained
by the use of a tower to raise the windmill 4.5-6 m (15 20 ft)
or more above the surrounding obstacles.
Water Supply
The Canadian Department of National Health and i
Welfare puts out a free simple book on sanitation, intended
for remote northern areas. !t has good clear diagrams of
septic tanks, privies, and chemical toilets. There is also
' information on heating, lighting, water supply, and
sanitation. Funky.
* Sanitation Manual for Isolated Regions
1967; 64 pp.
free
from:
Department of National Health and Welfare
Ottowa, Ontario, CANADA
|
‘ 8
— /
J
ations
tig"
$222
| —
=<
| Manhole for loading
4
|
i
Wood Burning Circulator ove Th
only to pi combust
This is a unique wood burning stove. /t has’ draft stack, is preheated os it fe drown Th
a thermostat which controls air intake, on the
thereby burns much less wood than an of firebox along its entire length, assur. wr
ordinary stove. Will go up to 12 hours elimincting hat apom (hich elo erovres sig
without refueling. In cold climates people ins
build just one fire a season, adding wood 2-3 per (A) in top of downdraft stack oct top
vated by a bi-metal helix coil (B) which
is temperoture sensitive, opening and
times a day. It takes any type wood, up to
two feet long. closing damper just enough to admit
precisely the omount air
intai: vel
One kept us warm when we lived in a chicken fort you have select ee in
coop with cold concrete floors and now an Please
thot the Ash 196
Ashley is the only heat we have in a 900 sq. FRONT of ‘irebon on
ft. house with high ceilings. $1
of it, as in other heaters. This promotes wor
The firebox is airtight and there is a lever on — ; gee ore Har
the air intake you can set for the desired hi ol
temperature. A temperature-sensitive device
(bi-metal helix coil) then automatically or \
regulates air flow to keep heat at the setting
youve chosen.
q uh 2 a # = $60-100 plus shipping for different sizes of from or
“economy line” (Prices lower the Ashley Automatic Heater Co. Ashi Distribu
: closer you are to the factory in P.O. ‘Box 730 710 Nw 14th pei ae
Alabama) Sheffield, Ala. 35660 Portland, Ore. 97209 The
or tot
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG dev
it d
New Sources of Energy
weat Tear
Well, they aren’t new sources; they're the oldest: sun, wind, earth heat (geothermal). won
But OK, to us they’re new, and indeed they’re exciting. The prospect of truly self- ssageraene Yd f oo
contained habitable energy systems is romantic country. There you are with your f =e ih. A fi ae
on your hill putting sun and wind through useful changes that are not only 4 the
apparent to you-but in / part of your Howe, 21-31 1861 lett
ing. refi
veLeme /
Michael Rosenthal first hipped us to this remarkable set of U.N. documents which re «SOURCES NOUVELLES D’EWERGIE / A =
arose from a conference in Rome in 1961.. If you’re.deeply into solar or wind energy f hy rad
there’s lots of stuff here unfindable elsewhere. Japanese solar pillows—simple elegant “hy
water heaters up on the roofs, thoroughly described in Vol. §. Traditional Dutch } :
drainage windmills with suggested adaptations for other early-technology applications EERE Me
in Vol. 7. And so on. A trove. zi = pon
Z cre
[Suggested by Michael Rosenthal]
A two-bladed turbine of 3.6 metres diameter can equal the human oe ee — aes:
tput of ith moderate winds of 4% met nd . . r
ona tk wall 90 in Proceedings of the United Nations Conference on New Sources of Energy CONCRETE Ri
figure 5. Based on one of the oldest registered Dutch patents, Vol.1 GeneralSessions — $2.50
this comprises a rotating bucket lifting the water through a hole Vol.2 Geothermal ! - $5.00 MaKMWUM TANK CAPACITY — 50,000 lar. OAL
in the bottom by centrifugal force. At sufficient revolutions per Vol.3 Geothermal t! - $5.50 ™ Th
second, water is ejected from the bucket at the top. Every_particle . Vol.4 Solar Energy | ~ $7.50 aS SO dis
of fluid gets as much static energy during lifting as it obtains ; Vol.5 Solar Energy 11 - $4.50 R ‘
energy of velocity, so that the ideal efficiency is limited to 50 percent. Vol.6 Solar Energy II! $5.00 ————— THLE oname To PI
. Vol.7 Wind Power - $3.50 En
- from: Sales Section, United Nations, New York, N. Y. 10017 Figure 1. Cross-section of solar heated house co
Windmills
Even though the Sears Catalog no longer lists them, wind- # Solar Stills
mills are still manufactured, and still the cheapest pumping HH
power available. Aermotor claims to have 800,000 windmills 3 Solar stills purify seawater, hard or brackish water using
in operation, and will also supply basic information on 3 heat from the sun. Sunwater Co. has done extensive
submersibles, jets, shallow well pumps and others. HH work in Baja California, in one case providing
Dempster Industries also makes windmills, as well FE drinking water for a home 200 miles from the
as hand-operated cistern pumps. 4 nearest source of fresh water.
td 3 The Solarstil is a small unit, primarily designed
[Suggested by Steve Durkee] 33 as a boat water purifier.
Prices are about the same for both companies: |
ss Sunwater Solarstil
Size Price . 3
e $215.00 F.0.8. shipping points 82 It consists of one or more shallow, insulated, HH
8’ 295.00 glass-covered pans. A feed inlet admits water NOW! YOU CAN PRODUCE “DALY —
10° 465.00 ss into one end of each pan, while an outlet 3 |
; 8: ‘tube at the other end maintains a shallow Hy
iterature from: water level, and permits some overflow each
x Dempster Industries $3 _night to flush out salts. Sunlight passes
2225 West Curtiss Beatrice, Nebraska 68310 HH through the glass cover and warms the water Gf
Downers Grove, Illinois 60515 3s in the pan. Vapor rises, condenses on the HH
glass cover, and runs down into a collection
trough.
# from: # Ti
Sunwater Company ss
ss 10404 San Diego Mission Road HH Sp
San Diego, CA 92129 Ci
fo
CONVERTS WATER 1 FRESH Water! Pi
HH LOW COST DE-SALINIZATION M
Sie) NEEDS OWA THE Sun's M
3 NO MOVING PARIS OR MACHINERY /
33 | WE | CUR | 34 ATER Ww
3 | ¥ Camper, Contractor
$s $3 OSF | / fe
MANUFACTURED AMD OSGTRIBUTED BY th
es .
Model 2 PELAFOAM, mc.
HH 482 So. First St., Richmond, Calif. 94805 (41590535929
/ +
Spout #
:
The Climate Near the Ground
This appears to be the definitive text on microclimatology:
the climatic conditions within 6 feet or so of the earth’s
surface. The climate in this narrow stratum differs
significantly from the overall climate, and the book analyzes,
in some detail, the relation of soil, water, vegetation,
topography, man and animals to the microclimate.
[Suggested by Steve Baer]
The Climate Near the Ground
Rudolf Geiger
1966; 611 pp.
$11.50 postpaid
from:
Harvard University Press
79 Garden Street
Cambridge, Mass. 02138
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The overturning on a grand scale of superheated layers of air close
to the ground is an exceptional occurrence, accompanied by dust
devils and sarid devils. The upward swirling of the air drags with
it dust, sand, leaves, twigs, paper, and so forth, and therefore
becomes visible. Wandering off, usually slowly, it sucks other
overheated layers into its orbit and so maintains itself. In arid
zones of the earth, dust devils are a regular feature of the hot
hours of the afternoon.
As a last example of the small-scale effect of sunshine, we shall
take the compass plants, which have been studied in detail by
H. Schanderl. These plants have an inherited ability to place
their leaves in any desired plane by rotating them. The wild
lettuce (Lactuca scariola) protects itself against the strong
reflected radiation from the wall in front of which it is growing
by placing its leaves in the “transverse compass position.” All
leaves are so positioned as to receive a minimum of reflected
radiation.
Men are also forever creating new kinds of microclimate. Every
building constructed displaces the original climate of its site
creating a warm, sunny, and dry climate with a southern exposure
on the one hand, and a shady, cold, and damp northern climate
on the other. Industrial works are shrouded with thick haze
which alters the whole radiation economy.
Rural Industry
This guide catalogs several hundred tools, all manufactured or
distributed by CeCoCo (Central Commercial Co.), and all
applicable to what they term “cottage industry”. In quaint
English translation CeCoCo editors spell out the small scale
cottage industry concept:
Small-Scale Cottage Industry belies its name by providing
a large proportion of all industrial employment and
accounting for the great majority of all industrial
establishments. However, it is often asked whether such
industry can survive and perform a useful function in the
highly industrialized regions of the world, and what its
place should be in the economic plans of developing
countries. Analysis of the exact nature of the problems
facing small-scale industry and of the way in which it is
adapting itself to meet them. Far from being moribund,
small-scale industry is a dynamic force with a valuable
role to play in the modern economy of both highly
industrialized regions and developing countries.
In almost all developing countries in the world, there are
determined efforts to achieve material economic progress
and emphasis is being carried out to induce a shift in the
structural pattern of the economy from one basically
agricultural to one that is agro-industrial in character
to assure an increasing level of national production within
the framework of economic and social stability which does
not require much of foreign exchange to insure its growth.
That is very important to select such industries which do
not need foreign exchange in obtaining raw materials.
The high cost of living in the urban areas, nevertheless
reduces the workers’ real income. Money incomes in the
rural areas is lower than those in cities but the cost of
living is equally lower compared with urban living. The full
development of cottage industry in the rural areas, can
provide additional forms of incomes on the part of
rural families, which could reduce the influx of
population to cities in quest for employment. This
ulti ly would minimize social problem in urban
The tools listed in this catalog are absolutely fascinating. One
spends hours studying specifications, diagrams and photos of
CeCoCo “making” machines. (In the Wire Products section,
for instance, one finds Paper Pin Making Machine, Staple
Pin Making Machine, Hair Pin Making Machine, Safety Pin
Making Machine, Snap Button Making Machine, Nail
Making Machine, Barbed Wire Making Machine, Chain
Making Machine, Zip-Fastener Making Machine, Etc.)
CeCoCo was established in 1916, but refers to an association
with a manufacturer of animal-drawn farming implements since
1863. They maintain an exhibition and demonstration
farm center at Ibaraki. On the back cover of their guide
book one sees photos of dignitaries from all countries of
the world visiting CeCoCo center.
[Suggested and reviewed by Ken Kern]
The risk of bringing about a deterioration of climate by human
intervention depends on the type of climate, and is greatest where
plant life is fighting for its existence because of a shortage of water
or heat. It is possible for very limited intervention into the water
balance to produce far-reaching results in the bordering regions 3
of arid zones. Great “regeneration areas” have been laid out $3
around the town of Broken Hill in Australia, the great mining HH
center for silver, lead, and zinc, situated in the middie of arid 3
desert land. Wise foresight indicating that the original sparse Hy
vegetation in the area would have to be removed by the inhabi- 33
tants, a comparatively luxuriant type of vegetation was grown in s:
surrounding fenced-in and irrigated areas, improving the climate HH
of the town, providing recreation spaces, and offering protection HH
against dust storms in summer. ss
HEAT GAIN
|
EARTH'S SURFACE
Fig, 117, Annual balance of the planet Earth, of the atmosphere, and of the earth's surface,
Irrigation has a double purpose: to further the optimum growth
of plants by giving them the supplies of water they need, and to
increase air humidity during the hottest hours of the day in a
dry period; this has the effect of reducing, as far as possible, the
passive transpiration of the plant, which is its method of protec-
ting itself against high temperatures, but which makes unnecessary
demands on energy. The first of these aims is achieved by watering
at night, the second by watering during the day with as fine a spray
as possible. The period of watering, its duration, the quantity and
temperature of the water must all be adjusted to suit the type and
age of the fruit to be protected, and the weather at the time.
Irrigation techniques must therefore go hand in hand with micro- ss
climatology.
$3
The microclimate of greenhouses is also influenced by the way HH
they are built and used. Those built in an E-W direction have been $$
shown to be superior to those lying N-S in the winter and in the 33
transitional seasons of European climate. Steep glass roofs are ss
also better in winter than flat ones. The position and number of es
the parts of the framework that cast shadows are also of impor- s:
tance. The gardening glass, with its ability to scatter light, is pre- ss
ferable to window glass, since it reduces the sharp contrast of light ss
and shadow from the roof struts. Double glazing should be con- HH
sidered for purposes of heat insulation in winter.
* Guide Book for Rural Cottage $3
, and Small and Medium Scale Industries 3:
$7.00 seamail from: #
$10.00 airmail
Osaka Pref. ss
Japan 3
“CECOCO” MOTORLESS HY DRO-HI-LIFT PUMP
‘This particular pump will raise water by the power caused by means $5
of declivity of water-flow up to the height 30 times of water head and
operates automatically without any motive power such as gasoline, HH
other fuel oils and electricity and no attendance for operation is HH
necessary. It is extensively used in Japan for water supply at home, 4
and field for irrigation, spraying and water reservoir on the top of rH
mountain and hill. rH
PRINCIPLE: In order to raise the water automatically by multiplied $5
power of (1) the water hammer pressure leading pipe installed with a $5
slight inclination and (2) the specific gravity with effectivity of the $5
air in the delivery pipe taken in by the negative pressure (Vacuum) ss
caused by the reactional flow of the water hammer pressure.
HOW TO INSTALL: Although it is motorless, it has to have a flow of HH
water as the source of power to operate the pump and the “‘head”’ is
absolutely necessary. During operation, proportionate amount of
water to be delivered, therefore it must have drainage. The gist of
such parts are:
(1) Head 0.5—4 meter for smal! type and 1—8 meter for large
type is considered to be the best for practical use.
(2) Leading Water Pipe: The length of leading pipe is, for practical
use, approximately 8 times of the Water Head and the pipe must
be kept straight. It needs to be hard, therefore it is advisable to
use steel pipe.
(3) Delivery Pipe: The size of the delivery pipe is half in diameter of HH
the leading pipe. ss
(4) Drain Well: In order to cause counter current at the moment Drain 8s
Valve opens, it is necessary to install Drain Well. Also, in order 4
to take the air, make the water level of drain well equal to red HH
line marked on discharging mouth. ::
(5) Discharging Water: It may be drained out into well or culvertor = ss
any other suitable equipment. rH
ee
ee
ss
Installation of Pump Pal se
|| Pump-up pipe
if
si
Outhet vale:
Head
FE
=
ANS \ HH
HH
G Outlet port se
: Water-Power Sites,” “How to Salt Fish,” “Making Building
H How to Apply
ss 4. If project requires an on-the-spot consultation, please add
= Mail your request to:
Village Technology
VITA (Volunteers for International Technical Assistance) is
the only source of specific practical information on small-
group technology that we’ve found. But what a source.
They have prepared the “Village Technology Handbook”
for overseas use by the U. S. Agency for International
Development that is ideal for rural intentional communities.
VITA has a series of specific papers that cost very little (e.g.
30¢.). Titles include ““Low Cost Development of Small
Blocks with CINVA-Ram,” “Solar Cooker Construction
Manual.”
VITA also has a domestic program called VITA-USA that
provides free technical assistance to individuals and groups
working in or with low-income communities and individuals.
[Suggested and Reviewed by
Keith R. Prior]
Village Technol Handbook
1970°400
$5.95 postpaid
from:
VITA
College Campus
Schenectady, N. Y. 12308
TECHNOLOGY
HANDBOOK
Who may apply for VITA aid
Requests for assistance are encouraged from any individual, or
from any private, community, or government sponsored, anti-
poverty enterprise. Inquiries are welcome from community-
action agencies, neighborhood councils, members of VISTA,
small businessmen, model cities programs, and other self-help
developments, urban or rural, public or private.
Please follow these directions in your letter of request for aid.
1. Describe your project in detail. Include rough sketches when
helpful.
2. List any special requirements, or limitations that apply.
3. Indicate deadline for action; also urgency of project.
reasons; also estimated days required, and most convenient
dates for visit.
5. Describe results and benefits expected.
Be sure your letter shows complete address, zip code and telephone
number. Indicate your affiliation with an agency or business, if any.
VITA-USA
College Campus
Schenectady, N. Y. 12308
Telephone: 518-372-5696
*
The Construction Bargaineer
The Construction Bargaineer lists surplus and used
contractor's equipment. Here is where you can get used
military trucks, bulldozers, tires, cable, wire, and just
about anything you can imagine a contractor using. The
prices seem good to me. Personally, I’d beware of
tying up a lot of money in equipment unless you
need (rather than want) it, though there are many things j
in this catalog that could be useful to a commune.
[Reviewed by J. Baldwin]
Catalog WIRE ROPE
$4.00 /year (24 issues) SNATCH BLOCKS
from: Block Size Sale Price
The Construction Bargaineer ee $ 9.75
P. O. Box 1061 14.50
St. Paul, Minn. 55105 | 1S 24.50
HYDRAULIC
NEW! - Made In U.S.A.
16,200 Ib. Cap. - Weight: 7 tbs. Each
$523
tion
wn
wr
tom
sur.
ond
res
nich
=
el
LOSS OF HEAT
ces : ss
Direct sola? | Short-wavelength radiation
j
j ~
3
$3
se
J
|
:
se
centers.
EXCELLENT ees... Hi-Lift
Armor Plate - 4x4
q
*STon-6x6 Bullet Proof
$12,500 |
3/8” LOAD BINDERS
by
Sundry Materials
We're going to attempt an information exchange on materials
for builders, designers and dreamers. The fall-out from the
Space program is finally getting close to our fingertips; we
can help each other with access information. So let us know
if you’ve anything to add.
Foam Experiments
Plastic foams are entering the building industry. Shot from
guns, poured into molds, or vacuum formed, foam is produced
by mixing two liquids which expand to form the cellular structure.
Recent technological advances with urethane foams in
application, fabrication, and product control have led to
the current wave of experimentation. Designers such as
Douglas Deeds and Felix Drury are working on structural
applications of foam, hoping to achieve free-form buildings.
Equipment for spraying is expensive: a foam rig is $1,500-
7,000, and foam itself runs about 10¢ per board foot (1° x
12”, one inch thick) if you’re doing your own application,
and buying bulk materials. Its biggest applications now are
in roofing and as insulation.
This book describes a government sponsored project to
determine the potential use of foam for housing in under-
developed areas. It may well be that building codes, unions,
lumber lobby interests, etc., will hold up foam development
in the U. S., and that the real advances will be made in other
countries. Details are given here on several years of testing
various structural applications of polystyrene and polyure-
thane foams. There are pictures, construction details, drawings,
graphs and charts on test results. Since this work was done
several years ago, recent improvements in foams may have
superceded some of the conclusions.
[Suggested by Ron Brooks & Ron Swenson]
Although techniques have played a major role in the research program,
this report is intended to be primarily a discussion of ideas rather than
techniques. e
It is clearly to the interest of the plastic industry in the United States
to enter the housing field on such a global scale. As the section on
marketing aspects brings out, the industry is caught in a squeeze be-
tween steadily increasing surplus production capacities and a falling
price curve for the basic chemicals. Housing looms as a most
attractive mass market—chemicals would be bought by the ton, not
just by the pound—but attempts to penetrate the housing field in the
United States have been frustrated because of local building code
restrictions and the opposition of established interests in the conven-
tional way of building. In entering the housing field, the plastics
producers will find better opportunities for success if initially they
turn to the emerging countries where the building codes are jess
restrictive (if indeed any exist at all) and where there is consequently
more freedom.to develop a new kind of building industry.
Foart inflation: a double walled bag, tailored in such a way that
when foam components are placed in the bag they expand and inflate
the structures. These bags can be made from polypropelene and milar
. films, tightly woven nylon fabrics, vinyl-impregnated fabrics...
Alll the shells were coated with liquid elastomer before being exposed
to the weather. Two approaches were used. One was the use of the
two-coat system, neoprene and Hypaion, and the other the use of two
coats of Hypaion.
The shells were moved to the site by rolling each one like a giant
The shell was suspended and loaded with 20 Ib sand bags to simulate
uniform loading. é
Petroleum is becoming increasingly the raw material for plastics
intermediates.
orchitecturel research on
STRUCTURAL POTENTIAL OF FOAM PLASTICS FOR HOUSING IN UNDERDEVELOPED
Architectural Research on Structural Potential
Office room transformed into grotto by designer Douglas Deeds,
San Diego. Deeds built foam up in layers, as coils of clay are
used to form a pot.
Closed cell foam plastics offer excellent thermal insulation (with K-
factors usually varying from 0.12 to 0.30) low water absorption and
low moisture permeabilitv.
Plastic materials, particularly the foam plastics, unquestionably have
a high potential for housing use in the developing areas of the world.
Spray techniques have good possibilities for the construction of total
structures using either air-inflated structures or lightweight armatures
as form work; the present crude appearance of sprayed foam products
can be overcome by mechanizing the spray gun or by using extremely
skilled operators.
Vacuum forming: ABS foam, marketed by U.S. Rubber Co. under
the name ‘Expanded Royalite’...in sheet form is clamped in a station-
ary frame, heated, and: then drawn into a female mold by vacuum....
The fewer the joints, the fewer are the problems the structure will
have to face...lightness in structures can lead to some special problems
of anchorage.
The cellular plastics admittedly have certain technical limitations.
For instance, they have a low moduli of elasticity and high creep
‘characteristics. These properties definitely restrict the way they can
be formed or shaped, if they are to be used as independent structural
materials.
Figure. £ it.
CUTTING IN
POLYSTYRENE SURFACE
Figure
of Foam Plastics for Housing in
Underdeveloped Areas
Architectural Research Lab.
1966; 224 pp.
$5.00 plus postage from:
‘Publication Distribution Service
University of Michigan
615 East University
4 O Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
INITIAL TEST
POLYURETHANE FOAM
Figure F-2. ES UTILIZING PAPER- LAMINATED
BOARD
NOTE PAPER-LAMINATED FOAM BOARD IS 25 LB/FT3 (40 kg/m3)
NOM!
NAL CORE DENSITY 6918 KRAFT FIBER
LINER BOARD SKINS ,
4-0" (122m) —
LAMINATED URE
THANE FOAM BOARD
THICK, 635 cm)
| POLYESTER IMPREGNATED
‘OAM SE!
ae
‘8
—=
CONTINUOUS
TO TOP AND BOTTOM MEMBRANE
ALL SURFACES.
CONTINUOUS URETHANE
PARAT'
ATOR
EDGE SCORED AND FOLDED
iM BOARD SPLICE BONDED
3-0" + ( 915 m)
| — PAPER LAMINATED URETHANE FOAM BOARD
(1/4" THICK, 635 cm)
| POLYESTER IMPREGNATED
FOR INSIDE SURFACE ONLY.
4— FOAM BOARD DIAPHRAGMS
| 3-0"(.915 m) ON CENTER
| -€DGE SCORED AND FOLDED
/ BOLTED TO TOP MEMBRANE
OUTSIDE SURFACES, TOP AND BOTTOM
POLYETHYLENE COATED
7— PAPER LAMINATED URETHANE FOAM BOARD
(3/8" THICK, 95cm) POLYESTER IMPREGNATED
$'-0" (152m) ——_——
SURFACES AND BONDED JOINTS
(33
6" WIDE (15 25cm)
GLASS TAPE TOP AND
BOTTOM OF SLIDE
6" WIDE GLASS TAPE, OUTSIDE SURFACE
OF SPLICE ONLY
Other Foam Information
Home Foam
Rigid fire retardant 2 pound polyurethane foam can be
poured by mixing two liquids. Best source for low cost
foam and good advice on proper technique:
Lloyd Fox
Douglas & Sturgess
730 Bryant Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
Foam Guns
Guns & pumping systems for epoxy, urethane foam, elasto-
mers and silicons. Information from:
. E. Mushet Co.
725 Bryant Street
San Francisco, CA 94107
FP-10 $57.75
10 Cubic Feet, 120 Board Feet
— Consists of:
1—Twin Pak carton container
— Pressurized Component
Tanks (1 “A” and 1 “B")
6—Mixer Nozzies (3 rd., 3 fan)
2—6" Lengths 1.0. Hose
/%s"-20 Connections
1—Gun type dispenser w/Vaive
1 Carton — Ship. Wt. 27 Ibs.
Foam Design
Deeds Design Associates
1706 West Arbor Drive
San Diego, CA 92103
Misc. Foam Literature
Low-cost, small-job home foam dispensers. :
A pile of current and excellent information on foam:
The John A. Hartsock Papers, and Olin bulletins GDI
005, 008, 009, 011, 012A, 013A, and 015.
from:
Richard W. Gaetjen
Technical Sales Representative
Olin Plastics
Benicia Industrial Park
P. O. Box 847
Benicia, CA 94510
Specific Foam systems applications, formulations and
techniques:
William R. White
Flintkote Company
Seaizit Division
4075 Main Street
Riverside, CA 92501
Free Brochure, ‘‘The Use of Rigid Urethane Foam as a
Structural Insulant”’
from:
Mobay Chemical Co.
Penn Lincoln Parkway West
Pittsburgh, PA 15205
Attn: Mr. Byron E. Beard
General foam info. from:
Yellow pages, your phonebook for local
foam applicators.
Fiberglass
Portable spray-up systems for spraying fiberglass.
Information from:
W. E. Mushet Co.
725 Bryant Street
San Francisco, CA 94107
Ultra high-strength aerospace fiberglass, much stronger
than conventional fiberglass
Technical Bulletin Ferro S-1014 from:
Ferro Fiberglass Corp.
Fiber Glass Road
Nashville, Tenn. 37211
Boat builders’ fiberglass products——epoxy putty, glass “Hayy
tape, resin, etc. from:
Glass Plastics Marine
200 Sayre Street
Rock ford, 61101
;
|
me
a | |
ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH LABORATORY |
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR {
#
«
: STRUCTUBAL MATERAL
j
-
—
Concrete
Dry Pour Concrete
Syntercrete is a new process where concrete is mixed in
forms while dry, water added later. Result is good mold
definition and high strength, due to low amount of water.
Information from:
Syntercrete Corporation
1300 Sansome Street
San Francisco, CA 94111
Membranes
Weather proof mylar, with ultraviolet resistants. Said to
last two to five years outside exposure. About 19¢ per
square foot.
from:
¥ Sears farm catalog
“Spooky Mylar’’——aluminized on one surface. If used
as a window you see your reflection and at the same
time the trees outside. Not ultraviolet resistant.
from:
Transparent Products Corp.
P.O. Box 15924
Los Angeles, CA 90015
Attn.: A. Robert Suba
Clear Vinyl, about 6¢/sq. ft.
from:
Wards Farm Catalog
(Nearest Wards Branch)
Brochure ‘‘Dial-A-Spec Coated Fabrics”
from:
Flexifirm Products
2300 North Chico Avenue
EI Monte, CA 91733
Coated fabrics (ripstop nylon, viny! coated fiberglass,
silicone rubber coated dacron, etc.) Brochure,
“Coated Fabrics for Industry”
from:
3M Company
Film & Allied Products Division
1601 South Shamrock Avenue
Monrovia, CA 91016
Coated Nylon Fabrics. Brochures ‘Protective Cover
Fabrics” and ‘Engineered Fabrics for Industry”
from:
West Point Pepperell
Industrial Fabrics Division
111 West 40th Street
New York, N. Y. 10018
Parachutes: 24 ft. diameter canopies, white and in
good condition. $22.50 plus postage and tax
from:
Security Parachute Co.
P.O. Box 3096
San Leandro, CA 94578
Acetate, Rayon, Nylon, Saran, Chromspun etc., info.
List of manufacturers and basic principles of manufac-
turing and use. Brochures, ‘““Man-Made Fiber Fact Book”
and ‘‘Guide to Man-Made Fibers”
from:
Man-Made Fiber Producers Association
350 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10001
Teflon, plexiglas, fiberglass, mylar, viny!, foam guns,
etc. A complete catalog of plastic materials and prices.
from:
Plasticraft, Inc.
2800 North Speer
Derver, Colo. 80211
Factory seconds of clear acrylic; complete line of
plastics. Abe makes deals.
from:
Abe Schuster Fiberglass
6211 Telegraph Avenue
Oakland, CA
Tedlar-coated Fiberglass Panels
from:
Ornyte Fiberglass Panels
711 Olympic Boulevard
Santa Monica, CA 90401
Sundry Materials
Plastics
Plastic sheets, thermopresses, rods, tubes for model
making. Catalog from:
Cope Plastics
~ 2222 West Delmar Avenue
Godfrey, Ili. 62035
Glass reinforced thermoplastic sheets (Azdel) that can
be formed on conventional metal stamping equipment.
Fact sheet from:
Gary Wagerson
G. R. T..L. Co.
No. 1 Gateway Center
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
Acrylic Plastic sheet, resistant to ultraviolet, can be
adhered with heat and pressure alone.
Technical data from:
Rohm & Haas Co.
Independence Mall West
Philadelphia, PA 19015
or
2150 Franklin Street
Oakland, CA 94612
Attn.: Keith P. Mitchell, Plastics Dept.
Plexiglas information. Beautiful color brochures, as well
as data on plexiglas sheet forming. Solar control series
plexiglas is produced in five densities. From:
Rohm & Haas (see above)
Korad acrylic film, can be used to surface metals, plywood, etc.
Information from:
Rohm & Haas (see above)
Rigid Geon vinyl is a hard, tough thermoplastic material.
Self-extinguishing, immune to corrosion, can be used for
rods, extrusions, sheets, molded shapes. Cover of the
brochure B.F. Goodrich sends is of the material. Rigid
vinyl sheets can be heat welded. Brochure on Rigid (& Flex-
ible) Geon Viny! from:
B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co.
3135 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, Ohio 44115
Sealants—Caulking Compounds
This company deals with all major manufacturers so they
don’t have to push one product. They have an incredible
amount of information on caulks. We're using their
polyurethane caulk for our dome seams; it’s reportedly
as good as silicon and half the price. About $2.00 per tube.
Information from:
Harold A. Price & Co., Inc.
P.O. Box 1389
Richmond, CA 94802
“VULKEM 230 (125) Meets Specification TT-S-230
GUN GRADE, NON-SAG
“VULKEM 230 not only meets the Federal Specifications,
but also provides the very high resiliency required for
successfully bonding working joints. Bonding precast
concrete members and bonding masonry to aluminum
are typical proven applications. This product also is suit-
able for bonding metal to metal as in the production of
campers and in assembling galvanized air conditioning
ducts. VULKEM 230 never loses bond, even in horizontal
joints which remain wet for a long time. Available in
white, gray, aluminum and brown.”
JOINT DESIGNS
POOR
The depth of the sealant should never exceed one-half its
width, and preferably should be less than one-half the
width.
Minimum recommended width for joints is 1/16 inch.
Maximum recommended depth is % inch for joints
greater than 1 inch. Sealant beds deeper than % inch are
not only too deep for good performance, but too slow
to cure. Deeper joints should be built up or packed to
within % inch of the surface.
From the Harold A. Price & Co. Catalog
Uniroyal Rubber surfaces. Information from:
Marine & Construction Products
312 North Hill Street
Mishawaka, Indiana 46544
Gacoflex elastomeric waterproofing membrane and
liquid roofingsystems. Information from:
Gaco Western, Inc.
P. O. Box 698
Tukwila Station
Seattle, Washington 98168
Three Elastic Boat Paints
—super products, super expensive
1. This paint will stretch with surface movement, and
keep water out.
Brochure “Liquid Seaprene” from:
H. A. Calahan, Inc.
859 Mamaroneck Avenue
Mamaroneck, N. Y. 10543
2. 10 mil thick epoxy sealer, can be applied to damp
surface, eliminates need for fiberglass. Fact sheet,
“Gluvit" from:
Travaco Laboratories
345 Eastern Avenue
Chelsea, Mass. 02150
3. Several types plastic coating, caulks, putties. Brochure,
“Sav-Cote” from:
Savcote of California
5409 West Adams Boulevard
Los Angeles, CA 90016
Tapes
Fab-Dek: 35 mil Hypaion impregnated with neoprene
3” wide roll, 11¢ per lin. ft. Adhesive $4.50 per gallon.
F. O. B. plant.
from:
Miracle Adhesive Corp.
27279 industrial Blvd.
Hayward, CA 94545
or
250 Pettit Avenue
Belimore, L.1., N. ¥Y. 11710
Fiberglass tape with isopthalic resin. Brachure from:
TAP
1710 E. 12th Street
Oakland, CA 94606
Over 100 various pressure-sensitive tapes. Brochure ‘‘Tapes
for Industry” from:
3M Company
320 Shaw Avenue
South San Francisco, CA 94080
Mylar, teflon, vinyl, polypropylene, tediar, many other
tapes. Brochure from:
Advance Electrical Sales, Inc.
850 Montgomery Lane
San Carlos, CA 94070
Sealant tapes (used in expo dome) PTI 606 architectural
tape sealant:
from:
Protective Treatments, Inc.
4401 West North Avenue
Chicago, I!linois 60639
Catalog of pressure-sensitive tapes. Vinyl, polyethylene,
double faced tapes, electrical tape, etc. From:
Arno Adhesive Tapes, Inc.
Michigan City, Indiana 46360
Miscellaneous
Skylights
Clear or opaque, these acrylic skylights are reasonably
= if you buy just the plastic part without the frame.
A 30” circular bubble is about $20. Brochure, ‘‘Wasco
Skydomes” from:
Wasco Skydome CURD FRAME WITH DRAINAGE
Box 479
Los Altos, CA
cons
Best Plywood for Domes
Duraply flat panel siding is oe —— Fir plywood
with phenolic resin-fiber surface designed f ‘or severe
weather exposure. Guaranteed against delamination for
life of building. Brochure from:
U. S. Plywood Corp.
777 Third Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
or yellow pages for nearest dealer.
Neoprene Gaskets
Stanlock structural neoprene gaskets. Catalog from:
The Standard Products Co.
Stanlock Dept.
Port Clinton, Ohio 43452
Aluminum fittings
Adjustable slip fittings. Brochure from:
James L. Denier Co.
P. O. Box 56
Cincinnati, Ohio 45239
Staples
Rust-proof Monel staples, staple guns:
Duo Fast California
1465-Third Street
San Francisco, CA
or
3702 North River Road
Franklin Park, Hlinois
or yellow pages: staples
Plastic Hinges
This tough hinge was flexed 1,000,000 times without breaking.
Comes in rolis, about 30¢ per foot. Fact sheet “Polyhinge”’ from:
Stokes Molded Products
75 Taylor Street
Trenton, N. J. 08604
Lock and Key Extrusion
A simple way to install glass. or plastic windows in wood
or metal panels. Information from:
Alasco Rubber & Plastics Corp.
839 Malcoim Road
Burlingame, CA *
KEY
Laminite Cardboard
Unbelievably tough, fire-retardant, and light. Samples from:
Laminite Division
Tri-Wall Containers, Inc.
One Dupont Street
Plainview, N. Y. 11803
PLASTIC DOUBLE DOME BODE: (0051)
!
4
ord Feet
Dow Corrung 780
nent q
., 3 fan)
Hose
pay)
27 Ibs.
nsers. :
j
i
ASSEMOLY
ae
i
}
Industry and Craft
*
How to Work with Tools and Wood
Famous for years when it was published by Stanley Tools,
this comprehensive introduction is now a pocket book
bargain.
[Suggested by Al Ching]
How to Work with Tools and Wood
Robert Campbell
1952, 1955, 1965; 488 pp.
$.75 postpaid =
from:
Pocket Books A 4 \v
A Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Hand Woodworking Tools
Best book on hand woodworking tools | have seen. Detailed
information on care and maintenance, including sharpness,
for each tool covered. Goes into individual tools much more
thoroughly than more general books like the Stanley book
(above). Has a very clear section on transit-levels and
builders’ levels.
[Suggested and reviewed by Fred Richardson]
Hand Woodworking Tools
Leo P. McDonnell
1962; 294 pp.
$5.00 postpaid
from:
Delmar Publishers, Inc.
Box 5087
Albany, N. Y. 12205
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
slipping out of the slot.
handle for a new turn.
and enlarge the hole.
A little soap on the threads of the screw makes it easier to drive.
How to Sharpen the Cutters on an Auger Bit
1. Select an auger bit file. A good “second cut” half round or three cornered
file may also be used providing its size fits the surfaces to be reduced.
2. Rest the bit on a board with
the screw down. Tilt the bit
so that the cutter can be
sharpened (see Fig. 10-14).
FLAT SIDE OF FiLE
R CUTTING EDGE
BENCH TOP
3. Apply the flat serrated side = :
of the file to the under side = = =>
of the lips, the side toward
the oi Never file the FIG.10-14 SHARPENING A CUTTING LIP
side toward the screw. Use forward strokes to produce the filing action.
File well back into the throat. Do not leave the edge too blunt, the ideal to
seek is a gradual taper from a keen edge.
4. Reposition the bit and file the opposite cutting edge in a like manner. Both
edges should be filed to the same level to produce chips of equal thickness.
PATH OF CUT
CUTTING WITH THE GRAIN
Use the longest screwdriver convenient for the work. More pc wer can be
applied to a long screwdriver than a short one, with less danger of its
Hold the handle firmly in the palm of the right hand with the thumb and
forefinger grasping the handle near the ferrule. With the left hand, steady
the tip and keep it pressed into the slot while renewing the grip on the
If no hole is bored for the threaded part of the screw the wood is often
split or the screw is twisted off. If a screw turns too hard, back it out
TION OF BUTT HINGES ON FLUSH DOOR)
(LOCA
EQUAL
BUTT WEDGE
HINGE
|
How To Hang A Door:
1. Saw off lugs (the projecting ends of the stiles) at top and bottom of
door.
2. Plane the butt stile to fit side jamb. Plane to the correct width of the
opening at top and bottom after subtracting Y inch for clearance, or
1/16 inch for clearance for each side. The lock stile should be beveled
slightly.
3 3. Plane door to fit at the top, then scribe and plane the bottom, allow-
ss ing] /16 inch for clearance at the top and Y4 inch or more at the bottom,
HH for rugs.
8s 4. Wedge the door in place and mark the position of the butt hinges on
se the door and the jamb at the same time with a knife.
ss 5. Remove the door and square lines with the butt gauge for the length
$3: of the butt hinge, or gain. Gauge the width of the gain and the depth of
HH the gain with the butt gauge. Repeat on the jamb.
rH 6. Chisel the gains as illustrated on page 372.
2. When the mortise is cut out com-
pletely with a series of chisel cuts,
follow the cutting sequence illus-
trated in Figs. 9-35, 9-36.
wf NOTE: Force is applied with a Ayes
' H mallet for the roughing out opera- v~—\
tion. Use a chisel which is 1/8”
Nee less in width than the finished
fH mortise width. Finishing to size '
is accomplished with a series of
FIG.9—35 paring cuts. FIG. 9-36
*
Planecraft
If you work with planes and enjoy woodworking, Planecraft
is a book to read. It gets into hand planes, their uses, care,
and sharpening in a depth | didn’t know was possible.
The book teaches methods for hand making joints | thought
were practical only with machines. These methods are
relatively simple and fast, but require skill.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Fred Richardson]
PLANECRAFT
Planecraft
C. W. Hampton, E. Clifford
1934... 1959; 255 pp.
$2.90
from:
Woodcraft Supply
313 Montvale Avenue
Woburn, Massachusetts 01801
*
Step-by-Step Craft Series
A fine, low-priced series of introductory craft books.
Each one has a thorough list of relevant periodicals,
books, material suppliers, and schools which give courses
in the subject. It’s an intelligent way to begin——light,
quick, and real.
[Suggested by Jan McClain]
Step-by-S wel Step-by-Step Macramé
"7 Mary Phillips
1968; 96 pp. 1970; 80 pp.
$2.50 postpaid $2.50 postpaid _
: Step-by-Step Printmaking
1967; 96 pp. 1970; 80 pp.
$2.50 $2.50 postpaid
from:
Golden Press Division
Western Publishing Co., Inc.
850 Third Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10022
4 >] or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Sharpening for Plastics. Plastics, Perspex, Formica, plywood having
resin type cements and so on are notorious for their quick blunting -
of plane blades. Where only small amounts are to be planed, or
when this type of work occurs only infrequently, the ordinary
sharpening can be used, the quicker blunting of the blade being
accepted as a necessary nuisance. If the work comes frequently,
however, it is worth while keeping a blade specially for that work,
grinding and sharpening it at a blunt angle somewhere near 80°-85°.
An edge of this type will last sharp longer than a normally sharpened
one. Special steels have been tried for the work but they are rela-
tively expensive and cannot ordinarily be sharpened by the user,
and hence have been ruled out. Instead of sharpening all the angle-
from one side, one user at least has been very successful using a
blade sharpened at the normal angle, and then a grinding taken off
the face side of the blade, thus making a cutting angle approximating
to the one recommended above. :
G
When weaving with two colors, the color not in use is
carned along the selvedge until used again. This is a
method for narrow color repeats. Note the start of the
tilling thread tucked back into shed
To the cabinet-maker, the Circular Plane is of great service in the
making of circular frames and serpentine work; and to the carpenter
in making circular frames for windows and doors. To the wheel-
wright, of course, it is indispensable.
Binding band with wire
Solder position.
#10 Picot with
Square Knots
Macramé
Jewelry
Profile views of printing on proot press:
wneression
roter
|
A Inked biock in position for printing
— paper
i
8 Roller moves over block and paper
to print
C Print peeled trom block
Weaving Printmaking
<2 - CI y
wou 4 =} DOOR AND}
woop A, a li
1 y yy Uy y
Romer Manage stone! - =|
Dept. ter Stentey Toots and Mager — |
|
es
se
ee
ss
ss
ss
ses
HH
es
HH
— HH
HAND
/ WOODWORKING.
TOOLS
LINE OF STROKE ‘
n
i
ji
i
4
—,
Fig. 207.
.
= A
|
* +
Craftsman Wood Service Paxton Lumber
Much the same stuff as Constantine’s Wood Catalog. Some Beautiful woods, good information.
things cost less, others more. Craftsman has some things [Suggested by Fred Borcherdt]
Constantine doesn’t, and vice versa. If you use one of them, >
ou really need both. Craftsman has almost anything you ‘
think of for fine woodworking, from the wood itself Dowel and Rod Turning Machine $1.00
to books telling you how, and including tools, cabinet Cuts dowels of various sizes ond lengths to perfect dimensions. Set of 46 different sample woods, $5.50 Postpaid
hardware (more kinds of hinges, for example, than you © to Paxton Wholesale Schoo! Catalog, free
could imagine), and upholstery supplies. 1f you would power or soeed as desired.
like to try your hand at making a violin, they can provide TEAK, Genuine
you with an instruction book and all the materials (no Additional Cutter Heads with cutters Ya, Yu. %, Ya, Yb, ond ome: © KILN DRIED, Rough Per 100 Ft. Per
ready-to-assemble kit, praises be). nes Frank Paxton Lumber Co. 1” First Class European $153.00 $147.00
[Su. ted and reviewed by Edwin L. Powers] xtre Sins Hoods, tit Price $5.50 a oe H 5701 W. 66th Street 144” First Class European __ 154.00 148.00
gges H -Chicago, Illinois 60638 14%” First Class European _____ 155.00 149.00
HH 2” First Class European _.. 156.00 150.00
ROSAN WOOD INSERT Besides: a treasured wood for furniture of the highest
Put a steel thread in wood with the - $3 class, Teak is the criterion by which all other woods are
New Rosan Knife Thread Insert. Easy $3 judged for marine usage. It offers beauty of a unique
Catalog to install. Just drill a hole and drive rH sort; a well made project of Teak will last practically tor
$.35 with screwdriver. Available in three 33 ever. Should be planned only for advanced students, as
sizes for %'", Ke or Ye’ common 3 Teak is quite difficult to work.
me 2727 South Mary Street 2 Ibs. per 1000. # . ;
Chicago, Illinois 60608 Price Each 10 100
f the RIO6, %"......... $0.16 $1.28 $10.95 33 Constantine's Wood Catalog
eled = Lots of things for woodworking. Prices are high, but if you
# can’t get it anywhere else. ... Lots of fancy woods and finishes.
:: Guitar materials. Fancy cabinet hardware.
OLD THOMPSON COFFEE MILL MECHANISM
For Finer Flavour—Grind It Fresh! HH {Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
son The coffee grinding mechanism has been produced to cater to the woodworker who 3: Bridge G23 Rosewood % x 1% x 8. (Wood only.
is looking for a new project plus the desire t joy tantalizing flavor of coffee at ii t+ 4 :
the wrote of che mill in Catal Not shaped or finished.) Wt. 1 Ib. ............ $ .45
mother's day has a vastly improved all-steel grinding mechanism, that is fully od-* 84 p
h of justable to any desired grind. Whot tastes better than freshly ground coffees You'll t+ 4 i This greatly improved CONSTANTINE’S NEW GLUE INJECTOR
save money, too! Makes o wonderful and unusual gift when proje-t is completed, fH $ 25 needienose give injec-
Complete instructions included. tor, made exclusively
No. 4-400. Wt. 2% Ibs. Coffee Mechanism only. Price ........... $9.98 3: from: for Constantine, far
ss Albert Constantine and Son, Inc. surpasses all others.
sessece All mechanisms are g d by Craft against mechanical defect. 8: 2050 Eastchester Road To use, press needle-
be made lumber listed on ss Bronx, New York 10461 “nose deep under veneer blister, or drill 1/16” hole into heart of loose joint.
details on ge Insert long needlenose and pressure-force give by pushing plunger. Needle-
included with every mechanism sold. See page 119 where we list ss nose squirts glue where nothing else can reach. Pays for itself on first small
Ne. 1500 neh fer drawer. =: restoration job. Precision made of aluminum with hardened steel chrome-
=: plated nose. No. 192J11—Postpaid $2.00 each. $20.00 per dozen
Woodcraft Supply 3 Alicraft Tool & Supply # = Arts & Crafts
Some years ago, 4 large, dour Scot, Mr. Eaton by name, HH ; ; HH AY
was trying to teach Boston schoolboys how to cut a clean rH Crafting requires tools specific to the material 3 This catalog looks like it’s more for the school trade. Good
mortise with machine-made carbon steel chisels. He HH and the scale you’re working with. This is the #: — prices on a wide range of tools and materials.
estes couldn’t, and being a Scot and stubborn, he began to 4 best supplier we’ve seen or heard of for craft 33
import fine hand tools from across the water. He had HH tools. HH [Suggested by Mrs. W. B. Mohin]
to buy more than he needed, and he sold the surplus, HH [Suggested by ONY X] #3
reluctantly, from a dark cobwebbed shop on North Wash- SHOP LAYOUTS & KITS... Catalog
ington Street. To his surprise, he found that other crafts- 3 ts, Inc.
men had also thrown shoddy tools through cellar windows su DERING EQUIPMENT Baltimore, Maryland 21201
in fits of frustration. North Washington Street has been
torn up, and Mr. Eaton has passed on to the great work- 3 HAMMERS, STAKES, MANCRELS _Alicraft Tool & Supply Catalog # CONTENTS | poe
shop in the sky, but his company has become the Wood- 33 eouruent # 138m 186
craft Supply Corp., 313 Montvale Avenue, Woburn, Massa- $1.00 (refundable with purchase)
chusetts 01801. It is a unique enterprise that operates SUPPLIES....... Mosaics ouass GANT. ox
contrary to the accepted principles of American business.
As any hardware store owner will tell you, no one today Company, Inc. METAL 208
will pay $47.50 for a nickel-plated fitted wood case. Hicksville, N. Y. 11801
You can buy one from Woodcraft - if you are willing to
talk about it for an hour and enjoy a good cup of home- rH HH ART ROOM FURNITURE & SUPPLIES 125 t0 154 WNDEX 238 0 250 }
brewed tea, Have you ever had your forearm shaved as 3 MOULAGE
clean as a baby’s with a 1-pound paring gouge? You're 33
not likely to have the experience many other places. ( |
The same personal touch is apparent in everything handléd HH
by this unusual company. (They sell a German cabinet-
maker’s bench of polished red beech that is seven feet HH 2Z-8 LARGE BURS # son ts
long, wsighs 300 pounds, is fitted with two built-in 3 Styles: Barrel, Round, Flame, s |
vises, and would make most furniture companies blush HH Oval, Pearg 33
with shame. $235.) Woodcraft Supply publishes a HH # |
large-format illustrated 30-page catalog full of tools that 3 # .
you will never see anywhere else. It costs 25 cents, and 3 . # |
you will be a rare craftsman if you don’t order something HH HH 4 >} . ae
after one pass through it. a
. ' 3 ss vo antiques when an ancient patina must be preserved, too deli
[Sugg vo. G 33 = to in plaster, or Mou-
3: i _ 83 lage will not a e to anything— molds can made on human
Woodcraft Supply Catalog -2Q-5 41/2 ss hair or the most delicate skin. Apply warm with brush and palette
HH aces x 1/2" 81/4 02, knife. Captures minutest details. Reuse it abproximately 150 times.
$0.25 postpaid from: er ; HH s: Complete instructions helps beginners succeed on first project.
Woodcraft Supp’ rporation ss
313 Montvale Avenue 7678 Moulage, per 2 Ib. $4.95
CLAMP HEADS cup
No. 252. Clamp head. Fits
CARVING KNIVES
No. 600(6). Set of
six knives as shown
at the left. Length 5
to 6%
weight 1 pound.
— - $8.10
No. 020. Adjustable Compass
°. u shown at
plane. its flex bed adjusts for Order by stock
surfaces. Mailing weight 5 number as indicated.
$18.50 Mailing weight = CS 4 3
t or left. Maili
Takes No. 0175 cutter. eight 1 pound. $2 620 617% 619 624 623
-
;
\
Me =
:
ae
|
:
*Colonial Craftsmen
* Colonial Living
* Frontier Living
Are these fine Edwin. Tunis books really practical? No, not
on the face of it. They tantalize you with detailed sketches
but sketchy details of old crafts and tools, those very crafts
which have long been obsolesced by machinery.
So what's the value? The value to the CATALOG is nostalgia.
These books service the desire of our market to back the
hell out of 20th Century confusion.
And just now, nostalgia may not only be powerful, but in
the big picture very practical, if carried out. One educational
route out of a dead end is indeed back. Go back, start over
where it feels good, get it right this time. Not for everybody,
for sure; just enough to unstack the deck a little, enhance
the variety of mistakes and opportunities available.
The dolphins went back, and they're doing all right.
[Suggested by Pat R. Matlock, Bruce Gifford and
Kieth Gilbert]
Frontier Living Colonial Craftsmen Colonial Living
Edwin Tunis Edwin Tunis Edwin Tunis
1961; 166 pp. 1965; 159 pp. 1957; 156 pp.
$5.95 postpaid $6.95 postpaid $6.95 postpaid
all three from:
The World Publishing Co.
2231 West 110th Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44102
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Chandler
A colonial housewife never threw away any fat. She rendered it
and stored it in pottery crocks. In very early days the family
burned it in grease lamps for light, but it was a smelly, smoky
light and candles were better. The mistress could make “‘taller
dips” by repeatedly dipping wicks into hot tallow and cooling,
between dips, what adhered. Some families owned tin molds
that would cast as many as a dozen candles. The traveling
chandler brought along his own big molds that cast six dozen at
once. He strung them up with the loosely spun tow-linen
candle-wick that the house provided, melted down some of
the harder fat, and cast a year’s supply of candles. The softer
fat the chandler turned into soap by boiling it, outdoors, with
lye. As he boiled, he stirred with a wooden paddle, always in
one direction because of a superstition that the soap would
fail if he didn’t.
Col-nial Craftsmen
A man who wanted to run water through something other than
a wooden pipe usually chose a lead one. The quick improvements
in the ways of making such pipe show how fast technology advanced
once it got started. The earliest way was to bend a strip of lead
lengthwise around an iron bar, weld the seam, and then pull the
bar out. Pipe made that way was likely to crack. A better early
way was casting in a long brass mold, hinged to open and made
with a series of funnels along its top into which the plumber
poured molten lead. He pulled the solid iron core out with a
windlass before he opened the mold—~—it was quite a pull. Such
cast pipe had flaws and bubbles in it.
About 1800, plumbers began both to ‘‘cold-draw”’ and to “‘cold-
roll” lead pipe. In either case they cast a thick-walled lead collar
aound one end of a polished steel bar. Drawing was pulling the
collar through progressively smaller round dies that made the
metal flow along the bar as a pipe, becoming thinner and longer
with each die. Passing the collar between grooved rollers accom-
plished the same result. Hot drawing, done as early as the 1830s,
was better than either. This was a continuous operation of pumping
hot liquid lead into one end of a mold and pulling finished pipe out
at the other. Lead sets up quickly as it cools, so the mold didn’t
have to be a very long one, but the speed of the draw and the
volume of lead delivered by the pump had to remain constant and
in the right relation to each other. Lead pipe is still made by a
refinement of this method, using hydraulic pressure to force cold
lead through a die.
as
Colonial Craftsmen
3 More than other craft suppliers, this outfit has whole-
$3 system supplies. A spinning wheel as well as looms.
$3 Various hand presses. A whole paper-making mill
HH ($3,650). And the best line we’ve seen of beginning
# = [Suggested by Julia Brand and Cynthia Mathews]
3: Catalog Woodworking/Craft Kit $79.95 +
HH Gem Stone/Tumbling & Jewelry Making Kit $24.95
3: free Batik/Fabric Dyeing Kit $24.95
ss Bookbinder’s Repair Kit $14.95
ss from: Clay Modeling & Sculpture Kit $24.95
3s The Craftool Company Woodcarving & Sculpture Kit $34.95
$= 1 Industrial Road Graphic Arts/Etching & Block Printing Kit $49.95
$3 Wood-ridge, N. J. 07075 Jewelry Making Kit $59.95
Stone/Sculpture Kit $34.95
Printing Press/Outfit $99.95
‘ The ART PRESS
w $159.50
CRAFTOOL COMPLETE BOOKBINDING OUTFIT
All the basic equipment and tools necessary for the bookbinding craftsman.
Standing Press 1450-8 Shears Drills
Stitching Frome 1380-8 Needles Nipper
Lying Press 1560-AZ Backing Hammer Give Brush
Book Sow Hand Drill Bone Folder
Book on “Bookbinding” 2 Knives Wox
No. 28008 — Complete with laminated top bench 24”x 48”
x 32” high $248.00
No. 2801-LB — Tools and equipment only — less bench and
top $215.00
I been at Morning Star for a week in
now and haven’t been laid yet. ki
Wattle-and-daub cabins supported on “‘crotchets” T
Colonial Living rA
Once temporary shelters had been set up and the ‘‘wolves who sat
upon their tayles and grinned at us” had been driven back a little
into the woods, the next order of business was to give land to each ae
settler. At Plymouth they tried holding all the land in common, but *
it didn’t work. At Salem and Boston and other later towns, a space
was set aside for the church and a large area as a common pasture; T
what remained was divided up as building sites. The choice locations
went to the governor, the ministers, and the other elite in strict order y.
pod precedence, the rest being distributed by lot among the common E
‘olk.
One way to corner
a squared-log house
so the joints
will drain
A post”
Frontier Living
Where there are no official police, any group of people will make
shift to police itself. The pioneers were beyond the reach of law,
but they managed to restrict misbehavior within certain limits. They
were especially severe with anyone who injured the group. Minor
offenders, like petty thieves or those who shirked their share of
community work, were “hated out.” They cut the culprit out of
all social activities, but they by no means ignored him. On the
contrary, they conferred unpleasant nicknames on him that were
not merely whispered behind his back. One and all told him loudly
what they thought of him any time they met him.
The top social occasion of the backwoods, even more popular than
a funeral, was a wedding. The festivities began at the bride's home
and there seems never to have been a church ceremony. Indeed,
there is no mention of religion at all in any of teh old accounts
except one note that marriages were sometimes postponed until
a parson showed up.
The Ring-tailed Roarers and their female counterparts had full
scope at weddings. Those who were not invited were likely to
ambush the groom's party and attempt to kidnap him en route to
his nuptials. The women often made a similar attack on the bride.
We aren‘t told what happened when these forays succeeded. By
established custom, the bride's father set a quart of whisky on
his cabin doorstep, and from a mile away the male guests staged
a wild horse race to get it. The winner carried it back in triumph ;
to give the groom the first swig. The interior mechanism of a windmill
e Frontier Living _ Colonial Living
# Craftool
FC
4
se
EEX Zz
== =
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=
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windlass di Wis
*
FOXFIRE
Probably no region in the country has been written about,
“explained” and “interpreted” any more than the Southern
Appalachian highlands, that mountainous area embracing
parts of Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Ken-
tucky and on up into West Virginia. And yet, no region is
as little known or more misunderstood. Most of the writers
and film documentarians who have paid attention to Ap-
palachia have suffered from one social/economic bias or
another, or, what’s worse, a pasty sentimentality inherited
from romantic writers of the John Fox Jr.—James Lane
Allen school. Even native writers all too often fall victim
to the same stereotypes and cliches that have marred so
much of the reportage in the national media.
There are, however, scattered here and there through the
Appalachians, a few small journals who are truly in touch
with the place they claim to represent. And one of the
best of these is FOXFIRE.
FOXFIRE js a quarterly publication concerned with
researching, recording and preserving Appalachian folk
art, crafts and traditions. A typical issue contained
articles on quilting, chairmaking, soapmaking, home
remedies, mountain recipes, feather beds and home-
made hominy, plus regional poetry and book reviews.
One issue was devoted entirely to log cabin building.
These are not superficial “feature” articles, but definitive,
detailed treatments of traditional skills and crafts that
have come close to dying out of our culture.
FOXFIRE would be a credit to a group of professional
folklorists. But when you consider that it is edited and
published by high school kids at the Rabun Gap-Nacoochee
School in Rabun Gap, Georgia, it becomes impressive
indeed. The thing | like most about it is the way these
kids are looking immediately around them for their inspir-
ation, instead of taking cues from New York and California.
In their own way, these people are as hip and sophisticated
as any young people putting out a magazine on either
coast. More so, even. They're cooler, more adult. Next to
FOXFIRE, most “underground” papers seem written by
children shrieking at Daddy (or cops, or Nixon) because
he wont let them smoke grass or smash store windows.
FOXFIRE’s editors and writers (and some excellent below. The arrows indicate then the shaving horse. (Plate 3.)
photographers) seem to me as aware of what’s wrong with FOXFIRE the dasher movement: .
the world as anyone. The thing that distinguishes them
from their shrill counterparts in the cities is the absence of $4.00 / Come butter come an you wash your clothes in it? “Yeah, you can. Just take that,
fad, slogan and cliche as they set out to improve the world.
These kids in Georgia are living in a real world, studying from: ‘ : nibss dMitecs & ts eo | ain't afraid t'wash my hands in it! That there lard kills th‘lye.”
real things, and in consequence they are creating a wonder- cy oa Highlands Literary Fund oe eo Why do you stir it so much? “It requires it. It wouldn't make
fully real publication in FOXFIRE. G “ 30568 a ae aa if you didn’t dissolve it good. You got t'get it thick like jelly,
eorgia Come butter come. y'know. Y‘can’t leave jelly ‘till it gets right.”
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
*
The Art of Blacksmithing
A warm book that makes me want to learn blacksmithing.
Bealer presents the history and methods of smithing in a
fashion very useful to a person learning the trade. An
excellent coverage of tools, most to be made by the smith
himself. Bealer collected this material from many old
smiths and then tried it himself——in his own forge.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
The Art of Blacksmithing
Alex W. Bealer
1969; 425 pp.
$ 10.00 postpaid
from:
Funk & Wagnalls, A Division of
Readers Digest Books, Inc.
Shipping & Service Center
Vreeland Avenue
Totowa, N. J. 07512
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
There is a school of blacksmithing at:
Turley Forge
Box 2051
Santa Fe, N.M. 87501
Tuition is $300 for a 6-week course.
Forming center ridge on adz blade
Generally | have tried to describe and illustrate only the fundamental
techniques of the trade, and show how these techniques were used
on a few familiar items. | hope that others may find my material
interesting enough to acquire the tools of thé smith and actually
Practice his techniques to the point that some of the ancient tech-
niques and tools will be rediscovered for the benefit of modern man.
\f the ancient aurochs can be reconstituted through selective breed
ing of modern domestic cattle, it seems possible that the ancient
smith may be waiting within a few modern men.
It is now time to choose the
placement of the inside walls,
If you wish to have a wall run-
ning the length of the house,
its first log should be laid in
place next. If the wall is to
run the entire length of the
house, cut a log to that length,
hew it down to 4" in width, and
cut dovetail notches in the ends,
y
dag
sad log
‘
side sheng les
Don't worry about the place-
ment of the inside doors, They
will be cut after the wall is
completed,
POTATO CANDY
Peel and boil one large white
potato. When done, mash up
with a fork, add a little salt,
and pour in a box of confec- Plate 3: Legs are shaped with a shaving horse and drawing knife.
tionate sugar. This makes a
stiff dough.
Roll out on a dough board Choose a tall maple, the trunk of which is about 8 inches in
that has been well floured in diameter and slightly curved. This curve will produce the
a layer % inch thick. Spread sloped back obvious in Figure 2. If you would rather the back
peanut butter all over top. be straight, choose your maple accordingly.
Roll up like a jelly roll (make Saw a 3’6"' length out of the curved section of the trunk for
two rolls if you like). Put the back posts; a 1'8’’ length out of the straight section for
this in the refrigerator. the front posts; and a 1’4” length out of the straight section
Cut with knife. Serve. Good for the backs. :
any time. At the same time, choose a tall, straight-grained white oak 4”-6”
as ; in diameter. From the trunk, cut one 16” length, two 14”
: lengths, and save the rest for splits.
The churner said the chant in : .
time to the up and down move Quarter the maple sections to be used for posts. Split out the
ments of the dasher as indicated eart. Then round the quarters off using first an axe and
Traditional Country Craftsmen
English country craft, that is. Thatching, basket making,
tanning, stone masonry, wheel making. The lot. Cottage
industry for the nostalgia market or the total-independence
seeker. Make your own goddam barrels.
[Suggested by Marjorie Posner]
Traditional Country Craftsmen
J. Geraint Jenkins
1965; 236 pp.
es
$8.75 postpaid
from:
HH Frederick A. Praeger
= 111 Fourth Avenue
ss New York, N. Y. 10003
5 or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$5.40 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
Welding: [1] where to place blows for a lap weld, [2]
how to hold iron on anvil before the first blow.
What happens to iron and steel when subjected to heat is easily
observed through the use of a sewing needle and acommon
match. When the point of the needle is held in the flame of the
match an immediate change is seen in the steel. First the point
turns to a pale yellow, then straw yellow, then purple, then blue,
then gray, finally a dull red. These colors run up the needle
from the heat as it is conducted through the length of the steel.
The red color indicates that the metal has become plastic to
some degree, and can be bent without breaking. If held longer
in the flame the red color changes in intensity. Following the
dull red it changes to a sunrise red, the color of a sunrise on a
winter morning. From that it turns a cherry red, then a bright
red, then light red, almost orange, then white. A continued ss
heat turns white heat into an incandescent white, then to a liquidss
incandescent yellow which indicates that the surface has become a3
semimolten. When subjected to further heat it witl erupt with — 8s
tiny incandescent sparks that show the metal is burning. At this §$
heat it is too hot to be worked if it is steel, butitcan beham- = $s
mered if it is pure iron. ss
As color is a somewhat relative condition, it is difficult at times 1
to determine the color of heated iron in bright daylight. Many ss
old-time smiths solved this problem by keeping a small keg or +4
box near the forge. A heated iron could be thrust into the rH
darkness of the keg and gauged more accurately than in daylight rH
or in the light of the forge fire. HH
In many Welsh tanneries it was customary to keep one or two large
mastiff dogs, and it is said that as soon as market hides were
delivered to the tanyard, each one was pegged to the ground so
that the dogs could bite off any fats and flesh that adhered to the
skins. The mastiffs were, of course, useful to guard the premises
and to keep control of the vast number of rats that always infested
tanneries. In addition the dogs’ excreta when mixed with hot
water was essential for treating certain types of soft leather before
tanning.
fects
tat
=
XFIRE
q
ets”
se q
se
ss
COUNTRY
i
ss
/
2. Capping stones The Method of Dry Stone Walling.
Pottery
‘Authoritative and scrupulously organized with
concise explanations accompanied by 388 lucid
photos, Pottery presents an exceptional tech-
nique of throwing.
The rudiments seem preferable to those
redundant techniques | learned. In addition are
many finér techniques | never thought of.
Teach yourself to throw with this book or use
it as | would to cleanse myself of bad habits.
This is the only appealing pottery book | have
ever seen, but it only covers throwing.
: [Reviewed by Joe Bonner] 33
otte:
the teé _ of throwing An inward horizontal pressure. 3
John Colbec This pressure is most easily | it HH
1969; 159 pp. exerted by the wrist end of the
palm of the left hand. This :
$10.00 postpaid forearm also points to the =
centre of the wheel and is HH
from: steadied by resting on the edge HH
Watson-Guptil of the wheel tray. This pressure HH
Publications exerted alone tends to displace the rH
165 West 46th Street clay into a taller form.
New York, N.Y. 10036 In practice these two pressures are
only rarely applied singly. Small and
or === medium sized pieces can generally be
SS = centred by the simultaneous
application of the two pressures.
Two main pressures tend to
centre the rotating mass of
clay:
The clay is squeezed between the
index finger and any one of the
will. first three fingers of the right
Pea hand. This method is used much
\\
\
less frequently than the previous
two but beginners do find it useful
for gaining additional steadiness.
Two variations are possible; if
the pressure inside is applied by
any one of the fingers and can be
varied, the fingers not applying
The two pressures isolated in the
f shown combined. Every oppor- the above or below
The forearm points to the centring of achieving additional OF,
centre of the wheel ste steadiness through contact of the t le of the in oe sn nat u
hends with each other. through ail three fingers, the point
This pressure exerted alone There are other centring holds than of main pressure usually being in
tends to displace the clay into the one illustrated. All invoive an the lowest finger outside and the
a wider form. application of the same two pressures. ball of the inside finger.
*
Kilns
The définitive book on kiln construction and use.
/f you can build a pot you can build a kiln.
Kilns
Danie! Rhodes
1968; 240 pp.
$1 0.00 postpaid
from:
Chilton Book Company
401 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, Pa. 19106
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Also of interest
Clay and Glazes for the Potter
Daniel Rhodes. $7.50 from Chilton
2 Design for a wood burning kiln with double crossdraft circulation.
Stoneware and Porcelain ‘ The bottom section is used for “‘Bizen”’ effects where a lot of
Daniel Rhodes. $7.50 from Chilton flashing is desired, while the upper section is relatively free of
Ceramics: Potter’s Handbook direct flame and fly ash, and can be used for regular glazed wares.
Glenn Nelson. $6.95 from:
Holt, Rinehart & Winston
: 383 Madison Avenue Refractory blocks, slabs, skewbacks, arches, or door blocks may be
New York, N. Y. 10017 made on the job using castable materials. In fact, it is possible
A Potter’s Book — to make the whole kiln from a castable material. Refractory castable
Bernard Leach. $8.75 from: mixtures are made from a suitable aggregate, such as firebrick grog,
insulating firebrick granules, vermiculite, or perlite bonded with
Transatlantic Arts, Inc. :
calcium aluminate cement. Calcium aluminate cement is similar to
a ange yy portland cement, and when mixed with water will set up in a hard, ss
ev ieee solid mass. But unlike portland cement, it is refractory and may be rH
$3.60 from Blackwell's (see p. 79) heated to red heat or higher without exploding or melting. Most 3:
brands of calcium aluminate cement may be used at temperatures 3:
in excess of 1300° C. HH
To cast a shape, a form must first be made. Forms may be made of ss
wood or plywood, securely fastened at the corners, or in the case of HH
curving forms, of bent plywood or masonite suitably reinforced. =:
The forms may be given a light coat of grease to prevent sticking. HH
The aggregate is prepared by crushing old firebrick or fragments of ss
used insulating firebrick. The aggregate should be made up of par- HH
ticles of various sizes, from about % inch in diameter to grains as ss
small as sand or smaller. The proportion of very fine particles should HH
not be too great, however. The aggregate is then mixed dry with ss
1/5 of its volume of cement. Water is added to this, and the mass is ss
mixed in a mortar box until it is of plastic consistency. It should be ss
well moistened, but not so wet as to flow. The mixture is then $3
shoveled into the mold and rammed into place so as to leave no air as
pockets. The material will set in a few hours and may then be ss
removed from the mold and cured in a cool place for several days. $e
19. Japanese: Pam: kiln When thoroughly dry, cast shapes may be incorporated into the HH
kiln structure.
*
Potter’s Wheels
OK, here’s what we know so far about potter’s wheels. The
ultimate kick wheel is Klopfenstein. The best buy in kick
wheels and powered wheels is Brent (kits also available).
Another good kickwheel is Soldner. And two we know
nothing about: Pacifica and Estrin.
KLOPFENSTEIN
price $175.00 f.o.b. Crestline, Ohio
reversible throwing head for making plaster bats with a special
band and locating slug for re-centering $15.00
adjustable hip rest $15.00
shipping weight approx 240 Ibs,
brochure
free
from:
H. B. Klopfenstein & Sons
Route Two
Crestline, Ohio 44827
BRENT
HP Speed
Model A Ye 40-150 $139.00
Model C % . 0-220 265.00
Model C kit
Kick Wheel
Kick Wheel Kit
brochure
free
from:
Robert Brent Potter’s Wheels
1101 Cedar Street
Santa Monica, CA 90405
[Suggested by Mary Crawford]
SOLDNER
Kickwheel $180 (unpainted)
$205 (painted)
brochure
free
from:
Soldner/Pottery & Pottery Equipment
Box 917
Aspen, Colo. 81611
[Suggested by Jeff Schlanger]
*
PACIFICA
Standard
Wide
Adjustable
Adjustable wide
brochure
free
from:
Pacifica Woodcrafts
P.O. Box 924
Berkeley, CA 94701
ESTRIN
Basic wheel with % hp motor $150
Less motor 109
brochure
free
from:
Estrin Mfg. Ltd.
3651 Point Grey Rd.
Vancouver 8, B.C.
CANADA
|
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se
| $3
HH
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ee
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4
The
Metal Techniques for Craftsmen
/f you read this book, you'll know more about metalworking
than just about anybody you know. International in scope, it
covers an incredible collection of techniques from many countries
and cultures. The various techniques are presented with a
complete set of instructions for each one and are illustrated
by excellent photographs, often of native craftsmen doing
their thing. Tools are described and illustrated in detail.
Everything is described in detail. Reading this book will
take you right up to that point where you'll have to do it
awhile yourself to get into it any further. This isa
real assembly of diverse information some of it hard
to find, and a metal-crafter-jeweller should be into new
things within an hour of getting his hands on it. This
is one of those rare and super books written by someone
that wanted to lay his trip on others. Well worth the
money. The “definitive text” as they say.
[Suggested by Claudio Marzollo.
Reviewed by Jay Baldwin]
Metal Techniques for Craftsmen
Oppi Untracht
1968; 509 pp.
$19.95 postpaid
from:
Doubleday & Co.
501 Franklin
Garden City, N. Y. 11531
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Greek bronze wire fibula, “spectacle type,”’ tenth-eighth
centuries B.C. (Geometrical Period). Back view. Length:
5 5/16 inches. This pin, including the pinstem and catch,
is made entirely of one continuous piece of wire.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Fletcher Fund, 1937.
*
Ceramic Supplies
Two sources. Evaluations, anybody?
[Suggested by Helen Doolittle]
Westwood Ceramic Supply Co.
14400 Lomitas Avenue
City of Industry, CA 91744
Castle Clay Products, Inc.
1055 South Fox Street, Unit No. 2
Denver, Colorado 80223
SPONGES
THE SPONGES LISTED ARE MEDITERRANEAN AND
OF THE HIGHEST QUALITY IN THE WORLD | THEY
BUT THEIR ADDITIONAL USE.LIFE MORE THAN
COMPENSATES FOR THE DIFFERENCE IN PRICE
ROCK ISLAND SPONGE
GENERAL PURPOSE iTS HIGH
AB
SORBENCE MAKES IT PERFECT FOR
JA CLEAN UP APPROX 6 LONG
ELEPHANT EAR SPONGE
THESE VERSATILE FLAT FINE GRAIN
SPONGES ARE USED WIDELY FOR
THROWING AND FINAL SMOOTHING
#1 ABOUTS $140
#2 APPROX 3 LONG $40
FOR THOSE WHO HAVE ALWAYS WANTED
TO CAST STONEWARE
MAKES A RELIABLE STONEWARE SLIP THAT CAN BE CAST
IN ALL STANDARD MOLOS CONTAINS MANY COURSE PAR
TICLES CREATING A TEXTURED FINISH FITS OUR STANDARD
CONE 5 GLAZES FIRES WELL IN BOTH ELECTRIC AND GAS Westwood
KILNS AND COMES OUT VITREOUS HARD AND NON POROUS
AVAILABLE ONLY IN ORY
COLORS #1! BUFF #2 RED. ¢3 BROWN
‘50 100 $00 1000 fms
sso 400 Cm 7400
RAKU Castle Clay
FIRED COLOR Oxidation-white
FIRING RANGE _ Cone 07-10
WORKING CHARACTERISTICS
Fine-grained clay, ideal for throwing or
hand building. Available with fine,
medium or coarse grog.
PACKING Wet— 10 Ib. plastic bags in cardboard boxes.
25 Ib. plastic bags in 50 Ib. heavy
plastic shipping sacks.
Dry— in heavy 50 Ib. plastic shipping sacks.
PRICES F.O.B. Denver, Colorado
Wet, ready for working—25 lb, 50 1b quantities
Up to 1000 Ibs. $8.00/ 100 Ibs.
1000 to 2000 Ibs. 7.25/100 Ibs.
Over 2000 Ibs. 7.00/100 Ibs.
Wet, ready for working—10 lb. quantities
Up to 1000 Ibs. $10.00/ 100 Ibs.
Dry mixed—25 lb., 50 1b. quantities
Up to 1000 Ibs. $7.50/100 Ibs.
1000 to 2000 Ibs. 7.25/ 100 Ibs.
Over 2000 Ibs. ‘ 7.00/ 100 Ibs.
Sterling silver necklace utilizing 18-gauge metal, by Mary Ann
Scherr. Length: 16% inches; each unit: 3% inches by % inch.
The intaglio pattern was created with an etching solution of
half nitric acid and half water and was then oxidized.
Adhesive Products
Silicone molding rubber (cast anything!) at
low prices & Monzini epoxy based casting
compounds. 20th Century materials.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Brochure & pricelist
free from:
Adhesive Products Corp.
1660 Boone Avenue
Bronx, N. Y. 10460
1Y, Pr. Kit (1!/2 Iba.)
Consisting of 1 Ib. ADRUB RTV and !/, lb. ADRUB RTV
Rubber Hardener $ 6.00
4530 MONZINI IRONZINI
5 gallons 50 per pound
1 gallon... 60 per pound
A craftsman of Tanjore, India, securing an encrusted
silver ornamental medallion on a brass plate in the
Forge welding is the oldest welding process. Wrought iron and
mild steel can be welded in forging by heating the parts to be joined
till they aresbrilliant white-hot and emitting sparks. The metal at
this point has reached a condition of surface plasticity. The parts are
then brought into contact quickly, on top of each other, and
hammered together. They fuse into one unit. Butt joints can be
welded by first upsetting the ends to be joined, to thicken them, then
reheating the ends to welding temperature, placing them together,
and hammering them. The original thickness is maintained. If
the metal is absolutely clean, free of oil or cinder, no flux is
necessary, because the slag in wrought iron acts as a flux. The
force to be exerted by the hammer depends on the mass and
size of the parts being joined.
PRITCHEL MOLE HARDIE HOLE FACE TABLE HORN
ween ~
SAND CASTING OF
ALUMINUM. Sand casting is
the best-known and most
frequently used casting process.
(For a procedural discussion,
see page 325.) The method
used for aluminum is the same
as that used for other non-
ferrous metals, with care
taken for temperature control.
In small sand castings, a section
of 3/16 of an inch is considered
the minimum possible. The
surface of sand castings
depends for its character on the
fineness of the sand used. For
large castings, coarser sand is
advisable. Aluminum sand
castings generally have smoother
surfaces than other sand cast
metals, partly because of the
lower melting point required
of the metal, and partly because
the sand does not burn into the
surface of the casting.
e
GENERAL TOOLS AND SUPPLIES (NEW YORK)
Alicraft Tool and Supply Co., Inc., 15 West 45th Street, New York, N. Y. 10036
Anchor Tool Co., 12 John Street, New York, N. Y. 10007
Craftool, Inc., 396 Broadway, New York, N. Y. 10013
Gamzon Bros., 15 West 47th Street, New York, N. Y. 10036
Paul H. Gesswein & Co., Inc, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003
1. Shor Co., Inc., 64 West 48th Street, New York, N. Y. 10036
Standard Diamond Tool Co., Inc., 71 West 47th Street, New York, N. Y. 10036
John Sells and Sons, 66 West Broadway, New York, N. Y.
EASTERN STATES EXCEPT NEW YORK
Craft Service, 337-341 University Avenue, Rochester 7, N. Y. Tools and Supplies
William Dixon, Inc., 32 East Kinney Street, Newark 1,N. J. Tools and supplies
American Handicrafts Co, 45-49 South Harrison Street, East Orange, N. J.
T. B. Hagstoz & Son, 709 Sansom Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa.
B. A. Ballou and Co., Inc., 61 Peck Street, Providence, R. |. Jewelry findings
Capito! Tool and Findings Co., Inc., 100 Delaine, Providence 9, R. |.
W. R. Cobb Co., 101 Sabin Street, Providence, R.!. Jewelry findings
Manin Jewelers Supply Co., Inc., 373 Washington Street, Boston 8, Mass.
C. W. Somers Co., 387 Washington Street, Boston 8, Mass. Jewelry supplies
General Findings, Inc., Attleboro, Mass. Jewelry findings in all metals
Arts and Crafts Distributors, Inc. (Showroom and Service Genter)
9520 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, Md
Bergen Handcraft Supplies, 300 S. W. 17th Avenue, Miami, Fla.
MIDWEST AND SOUTH
Brodhead Garret & Co., 4560 East 71st Street, Cleveland 5,O. Tools and supplies
Ohio Jeweler’s Supply, Inc., 1000 Schofield Building, Ninth and Euclid Ave.,
Cleveland 15, O.
Snapvent Company, 1107 West Cumberland Avenue, Knoxville, Tenn.
Tools and supplies
C. R. Hill Co., 35 West Grand River, Detroit 26, Mich. Metals and tools
Bartlett & Co.. Inc.. 5 South Wabash Avenue, Room 819
Chicago, Illinois Small tools, and jewelry supplies.
The Jewelry Craftsman Co., 139 North Wabash Avenue, Chicago 2, III. Findings
Ernest Linick Co., 5 South Wabash Avenue, Chicago 3, III. Jeweler’s supplies
C. and E. Marshall Co., 1445 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, III.
Sax Crafts, 1101 North 3rd Street, Milwaukee, Wis. Metals, tools and findings
Gagers Handicraft, 1024 Nicollet Avenue, Minneapolis 3, Minn. Tools
Norvell Marcum Co., 223 East Third, Tulsa 3, Okla. Hand tools, jeweler’s supplies
New Orleans Jeweler’s Supply Co., 208 Chartres Street, New Orleans, La.
Southland Jeweler’s Supply Co., 213 Baronne Street, New Orleans, La.
WEST
Baker Platinum (Division of Engelhard Industries), 760 Market Street,
San Francisco, Calif. Jeweler's supplies, findings and metal
Miller Tool and Supply Co., 1044 Folsom Street, San Francisco, Calif.
Nordman & Aurich, 657 Mission Street, San Francisco, Calif.
Tools, jeweler’s supplies and findings
Williams & Peterson, 130 Geary Street, San Francisco, Calif.
J. J. Jewelcraft, 2732 Colorado Boulevard, Los Angeles 41, Calif.
Jeweler’s and lapidary's tools and supplies
Grieger and Co., 1633 East Walnut Street, Pasadena 4, Calif.
Tools and supplies, lapidary equipment
L. A. Clark Co., 1417 4th Avenue, Seattle, Wash.
{Untracht also lists sources for power tools, chemicals, gems,
abrasives, casting supplies, welding supplies, foundries, wood,
plating equipment. Also British suppliers. ]
47
| For Craftsmen
“‘nagas”’ or process of metal decoration.
2
cost HTLY MORE THAN OTHER SPONGES
Westwood
si2s
We.
|
i
id
|
|
5
i
*
Your Handspinning
THE bonk on handspinning.
The book commences with a discussion of wool & sheep,
then come chapters devoted to sorting a fleece, learning
to make a continuous yarn & the art of carding & spinning
wool. There is an excellent section on the construction,
use & maintenance of spinning wheels & hints on buying
a wheel. There is information on the cultivation & prep-
aration of flax, and the spinning of fibres such as silk, angora ‘
rabbit, camel & other animal hairs. There is a chapter on
plying & the making of fancy yarns and a section devoted
to the preparation of spun yarns for use——washing, bleaching,
etc. The book concludes with a chapter on machine spun
yarns: counts/ qualities & defects/ fibre identification.
Mustrated with many line drawings.
[Suggested by Victoria Becker]
Your Handspinning
Elsie Davenport
1953, 1964; 130 pp.
$3.95 postpaid
from:
Craft & Hobby Book Service
P. O. Box 626
Pacific Grove, CA 93950
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Dog Combings, etc.
Many dogs yield combings or clippings which can be spun into
useful yarns by whichever method is best suited to the length
and character of the fibres. Poodle clippings, for example, make
avery pleasant “woollen” yarn while the lustre of Spaniel hair
needs a worsted spin. The addition of a little oil prior to combing
or carding may make spinning easier.
Combings or clippings should be stored until wanted in an air-tight
container in a cool place, preferably with a moth deterrent such
as paradichlorbenzine.
No instance of the use of cat's hair for spinning has ever come to
light but it would be quite possible to spin combings of a fine
haired Persian, especially carded with suitable wool. The author's ceeeesesescccccsccccccscscccccsescscccces
experiments with a mixture of Siamese and camel are not to be ss
recommended! 3s
[These books reviewed Card Weaving Cards color, simplicity
33 other dyes in several respects: brilliance of color, simplici 3
by Sarah Kahn] 3 «= $2.95 /100cards FH of application, and fastness to light & washing. 3 *
sseseessetseesessssesssesse2sse28s from: # Applicable to cotton, linen, rayon & silk, they are not # New Key to Weaving
. Lily Mills Co. :: suitable for dyeing wool. Well suited to the needs of the HH
en Sh Geen #3 handweaver & stitcher, the printer & batik worker. Used #3 A one-book weaver’s library. A comprehensive textbook
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 3 ‘1 @ thickened printing paste, procion dyes are ideal for # covering all aspects of loom-weaving. Incredibly packed.
.. ted warp technique. #3 Section on tapestry weaving alone is worth the cost of
3 $3 the book.
3: /nformation and prices from: \.C.\. Organics, inc.
Byways in Handweaving HH 55 Canal Street ss New Key to Weaving
HH Providence, R.!. 02901 ss Mary Black
x 33 1945, 1949, 1957; 573 pp.
The book is concerned with rare weaving techniques and
patterns from ancient Egypt & Peru, modern Guatemala, 4 $12.00 postpaid
Scandinavia, the South Pacific, Atlas Mountains and various 3: antes
American Indian tribes. Most of the weaves are for narrow 3 The Bruce Publishing Company
bands but many may be adapted for wider fabrics. FH 400 North Broadway
Hy Milwaukee, Wis. 53201
There has been a great resurgence of interest in both card-
and inkle-weaving since this book was first published in
1954. Both sections include clear text, many pattern
diagrams & fine color illustrations of finished pieces. The
rest of the book is concerned with a number of other
little-known techniques; “primitive” only in the aspect of
being non-loom, or requiring only the simplest of materials.
There are examples of twined weaving as practiced in many
parts of the world as remote from one another as Persia,
the Subarctic & the South Seas. A fascinating chapter on
braiding & knotting includes a group of Indian, Egyptian,
Chinese & Peruvian braids, belt-braiding, Osage braiding.
Another section deals with some very subtle and beautiful
belt-weaves of Peru, Estonia & Guatemala. :
Included in the book are techniques ranging from those
simple enough for a child or for use in occupational therapy
to some rather difficult & intricate methods which should
be quite stimulating to experienced weavers.
Byways in Handweaving
Mary Meigs Atwater
1954, 1967; 128 pp.
$7.95 postpaid
from:
The Macmillan Company
Front and Brown Streets
Riverside, Burlington County, N.J. 08075
BY WAYS
SANDWEAVIAG
or Craft & Hobby Book Service (seep. 51)
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
# Procion Fiber Reactive Dyes
Discovered in England in 1956, these are quite different from :
*
Weaving is for Anyone
Rich & inspiring, the theme & theory of this book is that
anyone can weave on almost anything. Included in one
volume are instructions for making simple and inexpensive
looms and a variety of techniques for weaving on these
looms. There are directions for looms made of cardboard,
picture frames, boards & nails, boxes; there are round
looms, bag & backstrap looms. There is a discussion of
Peruvian, Chilkat, Salish, Navajo, Ghanaian & Coptic
weaving & beautiful illustrations of these techniques and
the looms on which they are woven. There are illustrated
definitions of weaving terms. A chapter entitled “Weaving Jean Wilson
from Nature” suggests that a walk in the garden or woods 1967; 144 pp.
can yield some fine weft material. Over 230 drawings & $8.95 F
photos. A good general sourcebook, full of both turn-on i =e
and good practical information. from:
[Suggested by Ann Marie Goldstein]
=
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Weaving is for Anyone
Van Nostrand-Reinhold Co.
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or Craft & Hobby Book Service
(see p. 51)
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
[Suggested by Victoria Becker]
1a
FOR
ANYONE
:
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*
America’s Knitting Book
Did you know that sweater sizes aren’t standard? | didn’t.
Gertrude Taylor tells you how to choose your correct size
by glancing through the pattern direction: Add the no. of
stitches in the complete bust line and divide by the stitch
gauge. This will give you the correct size. Be warned to
add 3 inches to your actual measurement for ease.
America’s Knitting Book contains al/ the information needed
for a beginner in an easy to understand style.
“Do not hold needles like a pencil. Perch up on top of the
needles.’” How many people quit before starting because it
was too hard to hold needles like a pencil?
The instructions are good and the graphics don’t look like
1940. There is also lots of stuff that’s far too advanced for
me to really comment on except to say that | felt that /
could do it with the instructions given.
[Reviewed by Lois Brand. Suggested by Ann Hresko]
America’s Knitting Book HH
Gertrude Taylor
1968; 288 pp.
from:
Knitting Book
Charles Scribner's Sons
Vreeland Avenue
Totowa, N. J. 07512
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Improved Horizontal Buttonhole ss
ee
Starting at the front edge, work two stitches (or whatever your i
pattern calls for), bind off the next four stitches (or whatever ss
your pattern calls for). Work to the end of the row. On the next HH
row, work until you come to the hole, then turn your work around = §8
and ‘knit on” four stitches as in making the regular buttonhole, $s
then pick up the front loop of the first bound off stitch and slip HH
it onto the needle next to the knit-on stitches. Then turn your ss
work around again and work to the end of the row (2 stitches). HH
On the following row, work two stitches then knit together the :
“picked-up bound-off stitch” and the last stitch of the knit on ss
stitches.
\
HH
PACK UP FRONT LooP: =
AND PUT ot LEFT-HAND
NEE OLE
This buttonhole may be used whenever you are working with knotty 3
or nubby yarns and cannot plan on hand-finishing the buttonholes. ss
If you are working with smooth yarn, you will be hand-finishing the :
buttonholes, and it is not necessary to use this improved buttonhole.
Macramé, the Art of Creative Knotting
Although designs for knotted pieces differ according to
locale and use, there are very few individual knots.
Virginia |. Harvey has collected photographs of traditional
knotted pieces throughout the world and presents them in
a book called Macramé, the Art of Creative Knotting. She
carefully diagrams the half-knot, square knot, double half-
hitch, diagonal double half-hitch, vertical double half- =:
hitch and other knots. The basic knots are described in 3
detailed instructions for making a sampler. Following rH
the pattern for the sampler will give the beginner experience 3
in doing the knots, and show how combining just a few :
types of knots can offer large pattern variation.
This book is the best reference manual of knotting technique
*
Successful Sewing
1. Contains a good list of equipment with reasons for having
each item.
2. Contains a good chapter on the selection, use and care of
a sewing machine for you.
3. Contains a clear explanation of sewing processes general-
izing whenever possible, and not creating a lot of special
cases.
4. Contains a complete section on fabrics, fibers, and
finishes including background, use, properties and
home laundering instructions.
[Reviewed by Lois Brand]
Practice sewing straight. \f you have never used a sewing machine
before, it is a very good idea to start by sewing practice lines, angles
and curves. One sewing machine manufacturer, Viking Husqvarna,
produces practice sheets (domestic science teachers and college lec-
turers can make block applications for classroom use) and they
have given me their permission to reproduce two of them here.
. .. Sew along the lines keeping as accurate as possible. Do not
watch the needle but keep your eyes on the sewing line. If you
wish you may sew without thread on these practice squares, though
it is perhaps more encouraging if you do use thread.
Flat fell seam. This is very similar to the welt seam finish but is
the seam used when you are sewing fine garments such as lingerie
and baby clothes. It is sewn with the wrong sides of the fabric
facing each other, so that the turnings come on to the right side
of the garment. Stitch along the normal seam line. Trim one seam
allowance to % in. Press both seam allowances to one side, with
the trimmed seam allowance underneath. Turn under the raw
edge of the other seam allowance about % in. and press. Pin, tack
and stitch down by machine or by hand to conceal all raw edges.
This is quite a useful seam for fine fabrics with edges which tend to
fray or curl up unless properly secured.
*
Handbook of Stitches
200 embroidery stitches, with descriptions, diagrams &
samplers. Compact handbook, good for beginners.
Handbook of Stitches
Grete Petersen and Else Svennas
1959, 1966, 1970; 76 pp.
$3.50 postpaid
from:
Van Nostrand-Reinhold
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
available. It offers information on all facets of macramé, 3 Dye Plants and Dyeing
including discussion on planning, mounting, shaping and HH
finishing a knotting project. Tools and materials are dis- 33 This book | consider about the best that is available on
played. There are photos exhibiting how different fibers 3 its subject and would make an excellent basic handbook
worked in the same pattern can vastly alter visual and rH for the beginner. It contains historical information as
textural effects. The pictorial history of macramé and =: well as the basic steps to dyeing, recipes, and articles
examples of contemporary knotting projects offer plenty rH about dye plants from various regions and countries.
of design ideas for more advanced macramé craftsmen. So, no matter what part of the country you live in,
Knotters interested in explicit directions for traditional My you will find a variety of plants and recipes which you
macramé purses can obtain patterns by sending $1.10 to: i] would be able to use. There is enough information in this
Pesch Art Studio, 28 Colonial Parkway, Dumont, N. J. 07628 # 290k which should enable you to start your own dyeing
with a request for “Macramé Bags,” Booklet A. 3 and end up with satisfactory results... which is not true
2 HH of all natural dye books. The one difficulty in using it,
[Reviewed by Sue Boyle. : 3: however, is that there is no index.
Suggested by Alexandra Jacopetti] =
Virginia |. Harvey, author of Macramé, announces thenew
quarterly publication, Threads in Action, a technical publi- =
cation on non-loom techniques. Macramé will be the ss
principal subject with occasional articles on stitchery, bobbin
lace, netting, knotless netting, sprang, knitting, crochet, . ccemumemnenen | Dye Plants and Dyeing
and others. HH 100 pp. ,
Subscriptions are $8.50/year Macramé, The Art of Creative Knotting 3 $1.25 postpaid
from: Virginia |. Harvey
Freeland, Washington 98249 Van Nostrand Reinhold
ivi West 33rd Street
Individual copies are $2.50, or New York, N. Y. 10001 HH
$3.25 with yellow vinyl cover.
[Suggested by Helen Bitan]
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG $3
Successful Sewing: A Modern Guide
Nesta Hollis
1969; 206 pp.
$8.75 postpaid
from:
Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc.
29 East Tenth Street
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
French seam. This is the traditional seam for fine, hand-sewn lingerie,
but whether sewn by hand or by machine, a French seam can also be
extremely useful for other garments, and especially for fine garments
for babies and young children, where frequent washing might cause an
unfinished seam to fray or unravel.
Like the flat fell seam, the French seam is produced the “wrong way”
——the wrong sides of the fabric are placed together for stitching, so
that the raw edges appear on the right side of the article. .
Instead of stitching on the seam line, stitch nearer to the raw edges
of the fabric——say about 3/8 in. from the edge of the fabric. Trim
the seam allowance slightly; turn article to the wrong side. Fold
along the stitched seam line so that the right sides of the fabric are
touching. Press along the fold, and make a line of tacking stitches
3/8 in. from the fold. Then stitch. No raw edges should be visible
on the right side of the fabric; nothing looks worse than a French
seam where strands are trapped in the seam, and there is almost no
way of getting rid of these untidy ends once the seam has been
stitched. Finally, open and press.
CUM Yarn Samples
Though one can stockpile free & usually mediocre
3: yarn catalogs, $3 sent to CUM brings a large
HH binder filled with sample-cards of handweaving
8 yarns of finest quality, large color range, yet
=: cheaper than dime-store knitting worsted.
HH CUM is now set up to handle U.S. orders; their
# catalog/price list is in English, gives price per
HH pound in dollars, unlike other European yarn
fH houses. Samples include 1 & 2-ply woolen
s: yarn, rug, tapestry & knitting yarns, worsted,
3 cotton & linen yarns, rug warps, twine. All
3 yarns are mothproofed; prices average less
than $3/b. for yarns of high quality,
esthetically and structurally. Orders
answered promptly; delivery time approx.
6 weeks by ship, less than 2 weeks by air.
Catalog and Binder of samples
$3.00 postpaid
from:
CUM Textile Industries, Ltd.
$$ Rémersgade 5
1362 Copenhagen K
Denmark
SUCCESSFUL
1)
America’s 33 LU Chil
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Tie and Dye
This is the only book on tie-and-dye that is available in this
country. A few other books briefly discuss tie-and-dye, one
of the simple means of fabric design, suitable for schoo!-
children, blah, blah, blah. But Ann Maile treats tie-and-dye
like an ancient and complex folk art. Not that she is pedantic.
She very clearly explains how to accomplish all the traditional
and intricate effects possible with limited materials and free-
flowing organic imagination. Tie and dye is such a simple
art form that many people have already discovered it, and
are doing it without any books to tell them how. So why
buy a book? Tie and Dye
You can buy bolts of machine printed tie and dyed drip 1003." 1000: 182 pp.
proof, smear dry never iron cotton,... pretty far out.
But the question isn’t to be or not to be far out. The $6.50 postpaid
question is whether you are into the craft of tie and dye ini
in order to create beautiful objects or just weird artifacts.
/f you want to really get into it, the book seems really useful
and inspiring. If not——well,.. .
[Reviewed by Terry Gunesch.
Suggested by Madge Gleeson.]
Taplinger Publishing Co., Inc.
29 East Tenth Street
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$3.00 from Blackwell’s (see p. 79) #3
Outlining Shapes in Oversewing :
Oversewing or whipping stitch can be used very successfully to out-
line any shape drawn on the sample. Whether further stitching or
binding is added within the shape is a matter of choice. This way of
Outlining does not bunch the cloth up to quite the same extent as
a running stitch outline. The scale of the actual stitching may be
quite small, about 1/8 in. across, using single or double Sylko, or
up to 1/2 in. wide, with double thread. The width of the stitches,
that is the amount of cloth picked up on the needle, each time it
is inserted into the cloth, decides the thickness of the outline, and
their density determines the tone. For instance, a clear-cut resist
outline will need more stitches per inch than a medium toned
contour.
Variation in the thickness and tone of the lines should be exploited 4
in working out designs.
It is almost impossible to get fine delicate designs on coarse fabric, ay HH
but, on the other hand, with fine cloth any degree of fineness or ys ss
coarseness in a pattern is possible. o 5:
Method 3
Draw or trace the design on cloth. Decide which are to be made HH
thick dominant lines and which not so outstanding. With the =:
appropriate cotton or thread, single or double, knotted at one end, rH
begin to sew a little to one side of the line. Take each stitch over f ss
and under it at any angle between 30 deg. and 60 deg. ss
SEWING TECHNIQUE OR TRITIK HH
Textured squares ss
*
The Technique of Stained Glass
Alright, you dome builders, now that you've got the sunlight
working for you, how about getting it to play for you. There's
livelier rqutes to color than car tops. Stained glass technique,
ancient and modern, is here in depth. List of suppliers given.
[Suggested by Stephen B. Siegal]
The Technique of Stained Glass = $3
1967; 192 pp. 2 Fy 3 HH
$15.00 postpaid
from:
Watson-Guptill Publications
165 West 46th Street HH
New York, N. Y. 10036 ee #
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
3
$10.08 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
- r
$ #
Sp
tle
130 Glazing tools
a light hammers di set square
b lead scraps e brush
c farriers’ (horse-shoers’) nails
*
Practical Screen Printing
b
b
2.
>
v
AWN
Practical Screen Printing
Stephen Russ
1969; 96 pp.
$8.50 postpaid
Watson-Guptill Publications
165 West 46th Street
New York, N. Y. 10036
The secret of smooth and trouble-free printing is to have everything
organized, and all the materials and equipment checked before colour
is put into the screen. As far as possible the day should be planned so
or cant that the whole edition can be printed straight off without a break,
CATALOG because if things are going to go wrong, they will go wrong when
printing is interrupted. It is very much easier to keep up a steady,
rhythmical output if two people can work together as a team: the
printer concentrates on printing, and the helper takes away the wet
prints and hangs them up to dry. Textile and wallpaper printing
on the long table is, in any case, a two-man job.
These two books give a good idea of what’s possible in art
with super-versatile plastics. Newman is more comprehen-
sive and has an excellent materials chart. Roukes has some
unique techniques and more inspiring pictures. Both list
suppliers.
[Suggested by Jim Robertson
and Audrey M. Simurda]
Sculpture in Plastics
Sculpture in Plastics i
Nicholas Roukes —
Plastics as an Art Form
1968; 176 pp.
Thelma R. Newman
$12.50 postpaid 1964, 1969; 403 pp.
from: $12.50 postpaid
Watson-Guptill Publications
165 West 46th Street from:
Chilton Book Company
401 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
New York, N. Y. 10036
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Eye bolt with wing nut $10.80 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
and spring for adjustable tension
Twisted and soldered
Plywood
4 wire loop insulator
triangle
Notched bolt and nut
Indicator light
9 Nichrome wire #20
Transformer Notched bolt and nut
Fuse
Switch
Cutting intricate forms from Styrofoam and other cellular plastic
foams is easy with this 6 volt hot wire cutter, which you can
make at home if you are handy. As the diagram indicates, you
can make the entire structure out of wood, plus the following
parts, available from your local radio parts store and hardware
store: transformer, filament 6.3V @ 10 amps; switch, double
pole, single throw; red indicator light; fuse holder and fuse;
Artists
Handboo
*
The Artist’s Handbook of Materials & Techniques
Written in a time when “artist” meant “painter”, this th ec
classic gives detailed technique on preparation of your
own materials for painting.
These emulsions have been employed by experimental painters, but
because no standard tradition has been established they must be The Artist’s Handbook
closely observed and tested before being used, to make certain of Materials Techniqu es
that they are homogeneous mixtures miscible with solvent and Ralph Mayer &
that they will dry well. The presence of finely divided pigments 1940, 1947; 749 pp.
is helpful in the formation of water-in-oil emulsions; tube oil colors y :
can be used in their preparation. $12.50 postpaid
The presence of much turpentine in an emulsion recipe definitely
favors the formation of the regular, or oil-in-water type; on the from:
other hand, formation of the water-in-oil type can be aided by The Viking Press
625 Madison Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
omitting all volatile solvent from the mixture. | find that whole
egg gives far superior results than egg yolk, in every respect.
saa
a.
se
3
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4
$3
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33
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79)
The Art of Organ-Building
if you like the idea of combining architecture and musical
instrument design, this book is the standard of pipe organ
construction. Hey Baer, could we drive one with solar
energy, or would it only work when the wind was blowirlg?
The Art of Organ-
$17.50 postpaid
from:
180 Varick Street
*
Velodur
The following is from a Navy report.
DESCRIPTION
Velodur-metal is a molecular bonding metal that can be used to bond
materials together without heat or energy. Its components are macro-
molecular substances and atomized steel and aluminum particles
which form a metallic bond. It can be used on steel, aluminum,
copper, brass, zinc, concrete, tile, glass, wood, rubber, cast iron, and
synthetics. Two or more unlike metallic materials may be bonded
together with no electrolytic action taking place. Velodur-metal is
nontoxic, nonflammable, it has unlimited shelf life, will resist heat
up to 570 degrees F, and will not conduct electricity. The standard
bonding metal consists of two components, an activator and a base.
These two components are mixed by volume on a1: 1 ratio. The
curing time is 3-4 hours; after this time Velodur-metal may be
drilled, threaded, machined or ground. Velodur-metal also comes
in a rapid form, mixed on a 1 : 1 ratio also, that allows repairs on
tanks, piping systems and other pressure vessels while still under
pressure. Velodur rapid cures in 4-5 minutes. However, the Velodur 55
rapid will not hold up as well as the standard Velodur. After using
the Velodur rapid to stop the flow of pressure the Velodur standard
metal should be applied over the rapid for the best and lasting
results.
USS NANTAHALA (AO 60) — Butterworth heater, upper level,
forward engineroom, expansion joint was badly deteriorated along
bottom and continually leaking due to several holes. Welding or
brazing were impossible. Velodur-metal was applied using fiberglass
cloth as a void cover with excellent results. The operating pressure
Building
George Ashdown Audsley
1905, 1965; 1358 pp.; 2 vols.
Dover Publications, Inc.
New York, N. Y. 10014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Wooden pipe of a Principal or Open Diapason, 16 ft.
TRUMPET. Ger., TROMPETE. Fr., TROMPETTE.——This is probably,
taken generally, the most important reed stop in the Organ, adding
richness and dignity to every combination of stops into which it enters.
So important and useful is a good TRUMPET, 8 FT., that no Organ of
any pretension is built without one. The proper tone of the TRUMPET
is imitative of that of the orchestral instrument; and there is almost
unlimited scope for the skill of the reed voicer in the production of
this stop. The tubes of the TRUMPET are of metal and of inverted
conical form and normal speaking lengths.
TUBA or TUBA MIRABILIS.——A reed stop of the TRUMPET class,
but distinguished from the ordinary TRUMPET by its powerful and
commanding voice. Its pipes have resonant tubes of large scale and
normal speaking length, and are voiced on high-pressure wind, varying
from 10 inches to 30 inches. Much higher pressures have been
proposed for this stop; but, in the name of musical art, if not of com-
mon sense, it is to be hoped that such proposals will be condemned
by every person possessing musical sense and taste. The four power-
ful reed stops in the Solo division of the Concert Organ in St. George's
Hall, Liverpool, speak on wind of 22 inches, and their tones dominate
those of all the remaining ninety-six speaking stops combined.
Del Trading Post # Craft & Hobby Book Service
Supplies authentic raw materials for American Indian 3 Mail order only, Craft & Hobby Book Service offers
crafts, particularly northern plains. Excellent selection HH a free, comprehensive and invaluable catalog of
of beads. #3 books for weavers and needle-workers. Only source
Catalog 3: ~— for many of the titles listed. Books from all over
HH the whole earth on hand-weaving, spinning, dyeing,
$.15 a 9 Post 3 loom-building, knitting, rugmaking, macramé,
Mission, South Dakota 57555 # | embroidery, tapestry, lace-making, knots & knotting,
rH textile design. Newly revised & expanded catalog
ss includes select titles in related fields: textile
16/0 Czech beads — These are the very smallest beads being made.
Excellent for use on Peyote style fans, gourds and staffs. We have $3 printing, batik, tie-dye, costume design, folk &
the largest selection of colors of any dealer in the country. .15perbunch. 33 Primitive art & crafts, bead-work, color theory.
Each book is well reviewed / catalog is thoroughly
indexed / service is prompt & personal / books may
be returned if not found suitable.
[Suggested and reviewed by Sarah Kahn]
dot
BUFFALO HIDES — These are full size cow and bull hides, winter
killed. After they are skinned, the hides are heavily salted, rolled
up and tied. This is the way we get them and the way we sell them.
Because of the salt the hides can be kept for a long time without
and temperature of this heater is 125 psi and 400 degrees F.
Velodur Metal Technical First Aid Kit Contains:
2% Ibs. Velodur Metal Standard
% Ib. Velodur Rapid
1 bottle Special Cleaner
1 yard reinforcement tape
1 spatula
% pt. Velodur Fluidizer
Northern Plains, particularly in Canada, and was used for clouts,
leggins, dresses, shirts, etc. This cloth is still being made by the
1 measuring cup Complete kit... $75.00 same English mill who made the old cloth but they no longer
ene “save’’ the selvedge. In other words the cloth is dyed right to the
F.0.B. Scituate, Mass. ce edge, there is no white selvedge. The 3 dark lines are still woven
—~ ad Metal, Inc. in along the selvedge however. In color, weave and texture it is
the same as the old cloth. 100% wool Stroud, 56’ wide, made in
Scituate, Mass. 02066 England — $15.00 per yard. Scarlet and Navy blue available.
*
Diderot Pictorial Encyclopedia of Trades and Industry
The illustrations are clear enough that you really inspect
some of the technique of masonry, agriculture, glass-making,
fishing, dyeing, paper-making, metal-working, all that stuff
at the intersection of craft and industry.
| have a feeling that publication of this book will obsolesce
the Bettman archive, because here——copyright free——are
the 18th century engravings that everybody’s been copping
and reprinting since the 18th century.
A Diderot Pictorial Encyclopedia
of Trades and Indust
Denis Diderot. Ed. Charles Coulston Gillispie
1763, 1959; 920 pp.; 2 vols.
$25.00 postpaid
from:
Dover Publications, Inc.
180 Varick Street
New York, N. Y. 10014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Sp
In cities built of stone, the mason had the central place in the building trades which in America is occupied by the carpenter. This plate is arranged to illustrate his different
tasks in the construction of some grand house: (A) hoisting stones all cut to fit; (B) mortaring joints; (C) truing a footing; and (D and E) marking stones with rule and
calipers and cutting them to measure. Almost lost in the background (G) is a mason sawing a large block. Various laborers mix mortar (F) and haul sand and plaster about (I,K).
fear of spoilage or bug damage. Price is $25.00 plus shipping. Catalog
Note: Because of the large size we cannot ship these to Europe. $ 50 (deducted trom order
dot ; of $3.00 or more)
TRADE CLOTH — In the old days English Stroud Cloth was one of pean
many types of “trade cloth’’ and was characterized by 3 dark lines : .
running in the white selvedge edge. This cloth was popular on the -_ = Book Service
Pacific Grove, CA 93950
Encyclopedia to the goal of publicizing trade secrets in
the hope that this would lead to more rational industrial
processes.” Helluva project. Did it work?”
/t says on the dust jacket that “Diderot committed his
{
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Henley’s
Henley’s was first published in 1907, and is a fascinating
mixture of obsolete and still useful formulas and processes
as advertised. Some are useful but obscure (formulas for
fire-eating); Some are useful but who cares? (formulas for
furniture glue not as good as what you can buy); Some are
frighteningly incomplete (the section on explosives); Some
are bizarre (a hair pomade containing Spanish Fly); Some
you can get better elsewhere (ceramic glazes); Some are
funny (remove frost from windows by swabbing them with
sulfuric acid); Many brews require chemicals not easily
available, but sources are given (mostly in New York) and
there is a glossary of outmoded terms. Some of the for-
mulas might be of historical interest (how to make harness
grease). It’s not a pretty book; every copy I’ve seen has
printing flaws, probably due to worn plates. I’ve been
happily thumbing through my copy now and then for
many years. /’ve never used anything from it.
[Suggested and reviewed by J. Baldwin]
Red for Wool.—For 40 pounds of
Is, tnake tolerably thick paste of
lac dye and sulphuric acid, aiid allow it
to stand for a day. hen take tartar, 4
pounds, tin liquor, 2 pounds 8 ounces,
and 3 pounds of the paste; make a hot
bath with sufficient water, and enter
the goods for } hour; afterwards care-
fully rinse and dry. ‘ F
, _ Anti-Freezing Solution for Automobil-
| ists.—In the average size (20 qt.) auto-
f mobile engine radiator, if 14 gallons of
ethylene glycol is used, together with 10
oz. of sodium chromate, the radiator and
engine block will be protected to —20° F.,
and the cooling system will at the same
time be protected against» destruction by
corrosion.
Anti-Freezing, Non-Corrosive Solu-
tion.—A solution for water-jackets on
gas engines that will not freeze at any
temperature above 20° below zero (F.)
may be made by combining 100 parts of
water, by weight, with 75 parts of car-
bonate potash and 50 parts of glycerine.
This solution is non-corrosive and will
remain perfectly liquid at all tempera-
tures above its congealing point.
Anti-Frost Solution.—As an excellent
remedy against the freezing of shop win-
dows, apply a mixture consisting of 55
parts of glycerine dissolved in 1,000 parts
of 62 per cent alcohol, containing, to
improve the odor, some oil of amber.
As soon as the mixture clarifies, it is
rubbed over the inner ‘surface of the
BOOK OF
Tre
Provesses & Trade Secret
MAMELLING
ES 5,
Henley’s ./Surfac
’ lass. This treatment, it is claimed, not
1907... 1957; 867 pp. Pa preveuts the formatio.. of frost, but
$6 95 also stops sweating.
postpaid
° FIRE EXTINGUISHER (For
from: Automobiles) :
Embassy Sales Mix well together:
Box 67 98 Parts of Carbonate of Soda
East Elmhurst, N. Y. 11369 2 Parts of Oxide of Iron
this mixture is thrown on a fire
When
carbonic is liberated. This being
$5.96. EARTH CATALOG an the
The Tools and Rules for Precision Measuring
A good basic book for “mechanics, hobbyists and home
workshop owners.” The title describes it well. Being a
Starrett publication, it naturally shows only Starrett
tools, but the information is good for almost all makes.
!ts information is primarily on Micrometers, Dial
Indicators and Gage Blocks, although it covers other
tools briefly. Has several useful tables in the back.
[Suggested and reviewed by Fred Richardson]
In effect, a micrometer caliper combines the double contact of a
slide caliper with a precision screw adjustment which may be read
with great accuracy. It operates on the principle that a screw
accurately made with a pitch of forty threads to the inch will
advance one-fortieth (or .025) of an inch with each complete
turn. As the sectional view shows, the screw threads on the
spindle revolve in a fixed nut concealed by a sleeve. Ona
micrometer caliper of one inch capacity, the sleeve is marked
longitudinally with 40 lines to the inch corresponding with
the number of threads on the spindle. Every fourth line is
2a made longer and is numbered 1,2,3,4, etc. to indicate one
a tenth inch, two-tenths, etc. while other lines are staggered
for easy reading.
The Tools and Rules for Precision Measuring
The L. S. Starrett Co.
1965; 80 pp.
free
from:
The L. S. Starrett Co.
Athol, Mass. 01331
Man is a tool-using animal. Weak
in himself and of small stature, he
stands on a basis of some half square
foot, has to straddle out his legs lest
the very winds supplant him. Never-
theless, he can use tools, can devise
tools; with these the granite moun-
tain meits into light dust before him;
seas are his smooth highway, winds
and fire his unwearying steeds. No-
where do you find him without
tools. Without tools he is nothing,
with tools he is all.
Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881)
*
Electric Motors
This book gives a few principles on motor operation funda-
mentals, then descirbes in more detail several types of ac
and de motors and the control and starting devices needed
to run them. Some curves of operating characteristics and
a brief trouble-shooting guide are given for each type of
motor. There is enough information to get a feel for the
differences between the many types of ac and dc motors
which exist, but it would probably be difficult for a layman
to use this book to select the proper motor for a given
application without outside help. It is probably also neces-
sary to have a basic understanding of simple electricity
theory (see the Basic Electricity series by Rider Publications)
before reading Electric Motors. Nevertheless, it is a fairly
complete survey of available motor types, all under one
cover.
[Reviewed by Marv Vickers]
Electric Motors
Edwin P. Anderson
1968; 414 pp.
$5.95 postpaid from Audel’s or Whole Earth Catalog
(cheaper from Silvo or U.S. General)
from:
Theodore Audel & Co.
Division of Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc.
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
mune (RUNNING)
SPLIT-PHASE MOTOR (RUNNING)
ah)
2 MOTOR
70 \ (STARTING)
| (STARTING)
T T
LOW-TORQUE }
PERMANENT
3 PLIT-CAPACI /
= | MOTOR
“ + +
\ UNIVERSAL /
/ TS
UNIVERSAL
MOTOR (AC) |
0
PER CENT FULL-LOAD TORQUE
Fig. 20. Speed-terque characteristics of common types of fractional-horsepower motors.
Fractional-horsepower motors are manufactured in a large number
of types to suit various applications. Because of its use in a great
variety of household appliances, the fractional-horsepower motor
is perhaps better known than any other type. It is nearly always
designed to operate on single-phase AC at standard frequencies, and
is reliable, easy to repair, and comparatively low in cost.
Single-phase motors were one of the first types developed for use on
alternating current. They have been perfected through the years
from the original repulsion type into many improved types, such as:
. Split phase.
. Capacitor-start.
. Permanent-capacitor.
. Repulsion.
. Shaded-pole.
. Universal.
Current Contents
Expensive access. This is a weekly magazine of contents
pages of journals in your field—— Engineering and Technology,
Physical Sciences; Chemical Sciences; Behavioral, Social
& Management Sciences; Education; Agricultural, Food &
Veterinary Sciences; and Life Sciences. {ll bet anything
that President Garfield, whose brainchild this is, is some
kind of a mensa.
Current Contents (subject areas above)
$100 /yr (S67.50 to schools, hospitals, etc.)
ET 0380
PAPERS
CORRESPONDENCE
Dr. Eugene Garfield,
President of Institute for
Scientific information
BOOK REVIEWS
Some New Approaches to Machine Learning
Additional Features of an Adaptive, Mulycategory Pattern Classification System
Constra.1t Theory. Part Hl: Inequality and Dis tete Relations
Development of a Community Health Service System Simulation Mode!
Stochasti: Allocation and System Anals sis
A Formulation of Fuzz; Automata and ty Application as a Model of Learning Systems
The Systems Approach to Test Evaluauion
Elecirochermically Active Ficld-Trainable Pattern Recognition Systems
Stochastw Learning of Time-Varying Parameters in Random Environment
Recursive Estimates of Probability Densities
An Evolutionary Pattern Recognition Network
Every Norm is Not Logarithmxally Convex
Application of Optimal Conirci Theory to the Crashworthiness of a Passenger Vehicle Model
Swrategy and a Tactic for Generation of Transportation Alternatives
Correction to “On the Inverse of Linear Dynamical $y stems”
*
Home Appliance Servicing
This is the most useful book on home appliance repairing
that | have seen. /t is intended for the serviceman, but it
is written clearly enough to help anyone who knows how
to use a screwdriver. Covers small and large appliances
like ranges (gas and electric), refrigerators, & air conditioners,
Reading the appropriate section before calling a repairman
would be good insurance against padded repair bills.
[Suggested and reviewed by Fred Richardson]
Home Appliance Servicing
Edwin P. Anderson
1965; 600 pp.
$6.95 postpaid from Audel or Whole Earth Catalog
(cheaper from Silvo or U.S. General)
from:
Theodore Audel & Co.
Division of Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc.
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
‘SPRING WASHER.
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
THERMOSTAT
GAS FILTER
With top lighters, pilot flames generally should be adjusted so that
the top of the flame does not come in contact with any part of the
lighter. An impingement of the flame on cold metal will usually
produce either an undesirable odor from the incomplete combustion
of the gas or an undesirable carbon deposit. Pilot outage and odor
are sometimes experienced with lighters that have a solid top lighter
hood; these conditions are caused by an accumulation of carbon and
dirt in the dome and around the air ports of the hood and can usually
be corrected by drilling a %-inch-diameter hole in the top of the hood.
Washer Service Chart
Trouble Possible Cause Remedy
if dry load did not exceed that
given in the instruction book, check
whether towels, blankets, or other
highly absorbent fabrics are causing
washer to become overloaded. !f
machine is oversoaped, this will
clog drain and impose an undue
load on motor.
Motor overheats Washer overloaded.
end stops.
Remove pump, and check impeller
for loose setscrew. Tighten if
necessary.
Pump impeller loose.
See that gears do not show signs of!
excessive wear. Replace when nec-
essary. Check oil level. If transmis-
sion check is satisfactory, and motor]
noise prevails, motor bearings or
other motor parts are faulty. Repair
or replace motor.
Transmission defects.
Check tension of transmission to
V-belts. See that beit is not cracked;]
if so, replace.
Motor does not Belt slipping.
reverse.
Motor reverse relay not
functioning.
See that connections are. ecure or
that relay or timer is not 1008e on
terminals. If relay contacts are
badly burned, they should be re-
placed. If relay coils are faulty,
replace or obtain new relay of
same manufacture as that previ-
ously used.
1EEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS SCIENCE
AND CYBERNETICS
Volume SSC-5 Nowhar 2
NV. Findler 173
J.M. Pitt and BOF Womack 183
G. J. Friedman and Leondes 191
F_D Kenneds 19
A. Klinger 207
Weeand KS Fu 218
D.M Bradles 223
Siewart 20
Y.T. Chien and KS. Fu 237
C.T Wolverton andT. J. Wagner 24%
AH. Klopf and E Guse 247
A. Klinger 280
H. Kautman and D. B. Larsen 251
Shuldiner and Nuster 287
Dynamic Programming. Sequential Scientific Management,” by A.
Institute for Scientific Information reviewed by T.J and C H Falkner 20
325 Chestnut Street “Optimum Systems Control,” by A.P. Sage, reviewedby D.Tabch 262
Philadelphia, PA 19106 -
SPRING.
x \
ADHESIVES
-
;
=
|
|
|
RATCHET SCREW
como.
y Technology
2
FRAME
|
|
Matheson Scientific
A nationwide distributor of professional lab equipment,
from Abbe refractometers to Zimmerli vacuum gauges.
Their 1111-page catalog costs them $15 each, so con-
sult with a salesman at their office nearest you: if it
appears you ‘Il be a regular customer you get the catalog
free. Minimum order $20.
[Suggested by Walt Mcintosh]
~
oat
57210-
51065-10
57460-
*
Laboratory Supplies Co.
This company is geared for smaller orders and more amateur
equipment than Matheson.
Catalog [Suggested by M. A. Klotz]
free?
from:
Laboratory Supplies Co., Inc.
29 Jefry Lane
Hicksville, N. Y. 11801
AAS73 Epoxy glue — World's strongest adhesive.
It handles the toughest bonding jobs. Comes in
handy two-tube package. The great strength of
the glue is achieved by a chemical reaction of
the resin and hardener when they are mixed in
equal quantities. Glue will bond all metals,
wood, leather, masonry, pottery, rubber and most
plastics to themselves or each other. It is trans-
parent, flexible and waterproof. Sets in 4-6 hours.
12 oz. tube kit (1 resin, 1 hardener) Kit$ .98
Government Product-News
On Jerry Stoll’s advice, | painted % inch plywood
with this Carboline paint (clear) and made a
darkroom sink impervious to all evil. Next
time, a bathtub.
PAINT —Carboline Protective Coating, Vinyl, Series K.
A strongly adhering self priming top coat for wood,
metal or concrete. It is easy to apply and the dry film re-
tains good flexibility and provides excellent abrasion re-
sistance. Thin films afford exceptional protéction in moist
atmosphere and are recommended for dark room and lab-
oratory maintenance. Series K paint is primarily a main-
tenance protective coating for general use in mildly cor-
rosive atmospheres. It is easily applied with brush or by
spraying, dries rapidly, keeps idle time of facilities to a
minimum and requires no separate primer for surfaces in
good condition. Dries to a glossy finish when used over
Carboline primers and provides maximum protection
when so used
May be applied directly to wood, metal or concrete.
Galvanized and non-ferrous metals require priming with
53082-10 wash primer and 53083-10 intermediate primer
to assure best adhesion and longest top coat life. May also
be used as a refresher coat over other vinyl coatings. In
many cases it may be applied directly over well oxidized
coatings of other paints but a test application should al-
ways be made first to check for compatability
Coverage, 320 square feet per gallon in a | mil coat.
Recommended film thickness 3 mils. Thickness per coat
1', mils (dry). Drying time to touch, 10 to 15 minutes;
to over coat, 2 to 4 hours. For thinner see 53080-75.
Cat. No. Mfrs. No. Color Pkg. size Each
53080-15 K-23 Black 1 qt. $2.05
53080-20 K-23 Black 1 gal. 6.10
53080-45 K-63 White 1 qt. 2.60
53080-65 K-83 Clear 1 qe. 2.05
53080-75 TP-92 Thinner Iqe. 1.40
AA322 Handy Memo Timer. Here is a pocket-sized,
Swiss made 2 hour time alarm. Easy to use. Set
the dial from 5 minutes to 2 hours. A gentle buzz
sounds when the time period is up. Only 1/2”
in diameter and weighs about 1 ounce. Easy to
read with clear gold figures and a red indicator
against a handsome black background. Has con-
venient key holder on strap.
Each $5.95; Dozen $60.00
AA39 Instant Cold, a product designed primarily
for first aid purposes but can be used when it
is desired to cool a specimen where ice or re-
frigeration is not readily available. The chem-
icals necessary to get the cold are packaged in
a plastic pouch. By squeezing the pouch, the
chemicals are mixed and in about two seconds
20° cold is created in the pouch. Stays cold for
about 30 minutes. The plastic bag will conform
to the shape of many items. Does not deteri-
orate on the shelf. These bags are excellent for
use in first aid to control swelling, reduce in-
ternal bleeding, reduce pain, etc. These are for
one time use only.
Per carton of 2$ 1.88
Per case of 8 cartons of 2 12.00
AA40 Instant Heat, a product similar to above but
with the reverse property of being able to pro-
vide heat when you are not near a source of
heat. Will provide heat for about one to two
hours. Per carton of 2 $ 1.88
Per case of 8 cartons of 2 12.00
Backing vehicles
This is a goofy array of new products ranging from police equipment bad d
to seam sealant that can be applied to a wet or oily surface without Ca use accli ents.
cleaning it first (and whoop dee doo if that one works!) A
subscription would be useful to a buyer for a school system or the
like, but would be of limited value to. a commune. It’s one of
those things that new products freaks and designers like to
read once a month but isn’t really worth the price of the
subscription to typical private citizen. Read it at your local
business library.
dig it.
[Reviewed by Jay Baldwin.
warn
Kansas City, Mo. 64111
3160 Terrace Street
816-561-8780
Los Angeles, Calif. 90022
§922 Triumph Street
213-685-8060
Philadelphia, Pa. 19148
Jackson & Swanson Sts.
215-462-4700
San Francisco
Hayward, Calif. 94545
24800 Industrial Bivd.
415-783-2500
Washington, D.C.
Beltsville, Md. 20705
10727 Tucker Street
301-345-9550
International Division
Chicago Chica
Elk Grove Village, !!!. 60007 Elk Grove Village, 111. 60007
1850 Greenleaf Ave. 1850 Greenleaf Ave.
312-439-5880 312-439-5880
Boston
Stoneham, Mass. 02180
Fallon Road
Middlesex Industrial Park
617-438-5700
Cincinnati, Ohio 45246
12101 Centrol Place
513-771-9100
Cleveland, Ohio 44125
4540 Willow Parkway
216-883-2424
Detroit, Michigan 48216
1600 Howard Street
313-965-6422
Houston, Texas 77011
6622 Supply Row
713-923-1627
A OFVIBION OF ROBB. INC
AA415 Plastic graph sheets. New gridded sheets
are laminated so that the printing is permanent.
One side has a matte finish for pencil plotting.
The lamination and matte finish features permit
unlimited reuse of the same gridded sheet.
Each sheet is approximately 8%” x 11”,
punched for standard ring binder. Grids are
printed in red for good contrast between the
grid and the plotted data.
M Type of ruling
4 x 4 to the inch
8 x 8 to the inch
10 x 10 to the inch
20 x 20 to the inch
10 x 10 to the centimeter
Log- 1 x 1 cycle
Log- 2 x 1 cycles
Semi-Log- 1 cycle x 60 divisions
Semi-Log- *2 cycles x 190 divisions
Polar coordinate chart
Assorted Dozen $6.00
Assorted Gross $5.40/doz.
Each $.75
*
PIC Design Corp.
Precision components. Gears, shafting, clutches, dials,
differentials, and a precision 522-page catalog.
[Suggested by Fred Richardson]
Catalog
free
Suggested by J. Cline]
Product: Mabile ~Tac-Lites” for police. fire. rescue
operations. or any situation demanding brilliant
light that will cut through fog, smoke or murky
water, Features: Operates from any 12-volt battery
Power source. Quad-beam unit combines two super-
Spot lamps with two flood lamps. delivers effective
beam for nearly five miles Single-beam unit pre-
duces 200,000 candle power. weighs 5 pounds.
circle 248 for more facts from
Buco
“Southfield. Mich
ORGANIC WASTE DIGESTANT
controls obnoxious malodors
Product. “Bi-Trol” for digesting fats. proteins and
carbohydrates in waste materials to yield odorless.
harmless end-products Purpose: For use on litter
in lagoons, holding tanks. oxidation and stabiliza-
tion ponds. dead animal pits and wherever rapid
digestion of waste and climination and control of
bad odors is needed. Features: Product serves as a
media in which bacteria and enzymes. naturally
occurring in the waste materials. can proliferate
and carry out their digestive functions under opti-
mum conditions. Considered safe to use and harm-
less to plants, animals and humans.
circle 242 for more facts from
Oxford Chemicals
Atlanta. Ga
Government Product-News
$6.00 /yr (monthly)
from:
Government Product-News
731 Hennepin Avenue
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55403
Warn-A-Larms prevent them.
The Warn-A-Larm rings only when the vehicle backs up. The
Warn-A-Larm doesn’t know or care whether the vehicle is in gear,
under power, if there’s a driver in the cab or not. It just keeps
ringing. It can’t stop unless the vehicle stops. It can’t start unless
the vehicle moves backward. A runaway vehicle sounds just as
loud and as often as a vehicle backed up under controlled condi-
tions. The faster it backs, the more often it sounds. It's all mechan-
ical and all enclosed. Heavy steel balls fall against the inside of
the bell, four times during each revolution of the wheel. No switches,
no wires, no black boxes, no external clappers. You can install
or remove it in minutes. Meets U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
specifications and state requirements.
Write for catalog, price list, Warn-T.
WARN
INDUSTRIES
from:
PIC Design Corporation
477 Atlantic Avenue
East Rockaway, N. Y. 11518
6842 Van Nuys Bivd.
Van Nuys, CA 91405
Cadco Plastics
Sheet, rod, pipe, tape, rod, film, adhesives. Vinyl,
polyethylene, nylon, mylar, polypropylene, ABS, PVC.
Comprehensive stock, offices nearly everywhere.
Inquire to headquarters:
[Suggested by Fred Borcherdt]
Cadillac Plastic and Chemical Co.
15841 Second Avenue
P. O. Box 810
Detroit, Michigan 48232
it \
as
eQuiement
ioners,
nan >
\\
of
\ Aa iJ gj
56965-00
57840-
the
stion —
OL
> pag
| ee 4/ j
:
.
d;
PIC
173
183
191
237
2
231
257
260
Silvo Hardware
Tools tools tools tools. Brand names. Mostly
good stuff. Several quality levels on almost
all items. 1f you know what you want, it is
probably here. Prices good, sometimes not as
good as U. S. General. | have been pleased by
their service on returned items. Takes about two
is exercised
Stanley Hand Scraper — Greot care id “LonGrip” Se
in the selection of
steel and heat treatment of
Ridg rew Extrectors—
With HIG SPEED "DRILLS
SET No. 10——For screws of diameters
Y%" to Ve" inclusive. Maximum
depth extractions one inch. Con-
tains one each of Extractors Nos. |
to 5 inclusive, with turnuts. Drills
No. 1 to 5 inclusive. Drill Guides
Nos. 921 to 1821 inclusive. Twenty
precision tools. Packed in a pre-
formed, non-breakable bo
10-R4 P—2 Ibs.
7/16" hole—then
size required. It cuts cleen like a
punch ie. No strain or distor-
the
original form. Cepecity: Stee! 18 ga.
Alum me”,
NIB-A10 P—2 Ibs. $3.95
Seve where
close into corners to pull nails e
claw hammer cannot.
om octagon alloy steel with a
fully designed extracting claw. Size
x
433-519 P—2 Ibs. ......... $1.59
Curved Jaws, with Wire Cutter
Vise-Grip Thin Nose Wrenches — Made of
special alloy steel, heat treated for utmost
toughness. Light, trim and streamlined; bright
nickel plated. New involute jaw curve gives
and a half weeks to West Coast. Minimum
order $10.00.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson] y
Catalog
$.25
from:
Silvo Hardware Co.
c/o Mr. Collins
Advertising Dept.
107 Wainut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Red Devil Painters’ Scraper Set — The sturdy,
professional complete with four
interchangeable 1 Ogee, | Half Ogee,
2 Triangle
3001-R1 P—! Ib. 9” long ............ $3.05
Brookstone Tools
/f precision tools are what you need,
No. 635
The No. 14 HAND SHEA
weight hand tool which may
for straight or irregular shaped Foe
10"—Lightweight
tooth contact on four points of nuts— increases
tooth contact on round work. New, easy-re-
lever in handle. Thin tapered nose per-
mits working in extremely close quarters. New
easy release lever — just press lever and jaws
click open. These wrenches ore actually 9 tools
in nose plier, clamp, press, ii
wrench, vise, wire cutter oa bolt cutter. 7
isa — Vise-Grip Curved Jows — with wire cutter —
TWR-P3 P—| Ib. 7” long — Y%4" thick jaw—
adj. to 15%” $1.89
Men. Made with fine quality top Blade for long years
grain cowhide for the “pros” of the — of ndable service. Mahogany: is quite simple — hold the tool in a ¥ ina m — %" thi
trade. _ Heavy water proof felt, cush- handles, reintorced with position 2 10 tong %
knees to give maximum bied slotted . OF with
er to s r nly r¢ a hammer on ¢ at provi t
contact doit are lacked ith oinrmay bedeven mike The PEtite and Powerful
lock or release handles. When fold- dle may then be raised to con-
keeps knees
on cement work. Wide straps fit
pads sec when
ing. Overall sine, i" wide x 7”
fona,
309-M4 P—3 Ibs. .......... $5.45
and |
635-G12 P—2 Ibs.
knife packs into space
high.
venient working angle and
on the flat surface the too
tapping
may be
only 5” long
driven forward in the metal. A stri New J Curved Jews — with wi
$9.50 approximately 3/32” in wii fits in your pocket.
moved. Swe P—-1 Ib. 5” thick jow—
$265 adj. to 1%” ....... $1.69
Surplus Center Equipment Catalogs
Not only are these catalogs handy to the man
who may need such parts, but they can also serve
as idea-generators for solving certain mechanical
this company has nice ones. #3 problems——thumb through the pages. Some of the
LEATHER STROP FOR rH
$3 parts are better hunted locally where you can see,
RAZOR-SHARP TOOLS # try, discuss with salesmen and haggle. Some are
t Catal Another superior sharpener from days when a man 3 rare and good deals. Best suited to the mechanic-
pg - stone og would make his straight razor sharp as today’s best 3. ally hip, especially away from big city sources. All
: SOLDERING PADS CONCENTRATE other edge tools is risky stuff unless you're familiar with
$.25 HEAT, HOLD WORK ~ work best, are safest, when dead sharp. Hy it [Reviewed by J. Baldwi
solde: aced both sides with thick “Russian-Juchten,” evie J. Baldwin.
tc the finest West German hand-tanned leather, finished $3 Suggested by Lama Foundation]
J Grocksene Building better joints quicker. ; , in the old Russian manner, and impregnated with 33 Catalog
Peterborough, N. H. 02458 Won't spark, crack from heat. Save bench free
top jigs. Soft enough gently, without tearing the metal. Black side for
to take pins, brads, or staples to position and hold
parts to be soldered. Simplifies otherwise awkward
. set ups. Ideal for model and jewelry work.
Each pad about 6” x 214” x %”.
5-1346 Soldering pads (pair)
Three pairs & up
MINIATURE SET
CUTS 1/4" TO 5/8" DIA. HOLES
This fine quality cutter ‘set makes holes in steel,
other metals, shim stock, wood, plastics, rubber,
paper, cardboard, ‘fiber, other materials, FAST. Holes
are neat, clean — not ragged as with ordinary hole
saws.
Also cuts elongated holes, odd cutouts, starter holes
for snips. Cuts off bolts, screws, frozen nuts. Cuts
heads off bolts, screws, rivets. Cuts straps, hangers,
rods, brackets.
7 ee high speed steel cutters — 14”,
He” Te" A", %e" %”, dia. Each cutter
good for over 3000 holes in sheet steel! Specially
seared teeth for faster and easier cutting than
drilling. Use with any 14” electric drill.
Arbor has high speed steel automatic center point
CLEVER TOOL HOLDS, STARTS,
PHILLIPS SCREWS
Firmly holds all cross-slot screws — Phillips, Reed
& Prince, others. Holds all sizes, smallest to largest.
A snap to use. Merely insert in screw head, pull
back knurled ring and screw is held. To release, push
knurled ring forward.
Very nicely made. Spring tempered jaws for long
life, strong grip. Steel parts plated against rust.
Handsome red vinyl covered handle adds beauty, com-
fort, and reduces risk of electric shocks.
to avoid need to center punch. Depth rod adjusts J-1599 Screw starter, 5%” long $1.
depth of cut up to %,_”, as-in cutting out spot welds. ae a eee . Each $1.70
G-1579 Complete cutter set ............... $12. J-1600 Screw starter, 8%,” long ........... $1.95
Small Parts, Inc.
Did you ever take a broken appliance apart and find you
needed a small nylon washer or a new flat spring, and the
company that manufactured it is no longer in business?
This unusual mailorder firm stocks such items as well as
nylon threaded rod, brass and stainless steel wirecloth,
tubing connectors, Teflon tubing and many other hard-
. to-find items. Their free 60 page catalog contains brass,
aluminum, nylon and stainless steel in various forms and
shapes for those hobbvists who wish to construct their HH Catalog
own home-made mach.nes or devices. The company it $1
pays shipping charges and does not require a minimum HH /yt (quarterly)
order. However, a handling charge of $1.00 is added to $3 i.
all orders under $5.00. HH National Camera, Inc.
Englewood, Colorado 80110
Service — no experience with them yet.
[Suggested and reviewed by Gerard Ruch] 3
camera repair at all.
Catalog trom: #
Small Parts, Inc. $3
54 free. 6901.N. E. Third Avenue 3
; Miami, Florida 33138 ss
finishing — polishes the edge till it will shave close
and clean. Use dry — no mess.
About 12” long. Finely finished beechwood handle.
Leather facings about 8” x 114”.
J-1360 Double $2.25
Three & up ..... Each $1.95
MACHINIST'S SCRAPER
FOR FLAT SURFACES
Sharp-cornered front end of this handy scraper
smooths, cleans, levels, flat surfaces. Tough, hard-
ened chromium alloy steel cuts steel and other metals
‘and materials. Easily sharpened on bench grinder.
Excellent for breaking sharp corners, cleaning
surfaces for soldering. Removes excess solder. Re
moves oxides and paints for better electrical contact.
Blade about 43%” long x %,” wide x %” thick.
Lacquered hardwood handle. Well made. A good
looking tool.
Flat scrape. $1.
National Camera, Inc.
All manner of tools for fine work. Not limited to
[Suggested by Jay Baldwin]
ss P. O. Box 713
se Lincoln
se Nebraska 68501
3 Horsepower Battery Motor
COST GOV'T
OVER $98.00
(ITEM #1000) $17.91 F.0.8. Lincein
_ © (ITEM £1000)-- New, government surplus. Powerful DC
motor ideal for use to drive battery operated golf carts, scooters
trolling boats for fishermen, battery driven compressors, hydraulic
pumps and uses in the field where AC current is not available.
e This motor is rated 3 horsepower : 3800 r.p.m. « 24-volts DC.
It will run very nicely on 12 or 18-volts DC at slightly reduced
power, speed and current. Double fan cooled for continuous duty -
operation. Speed can be varied by varying the applied voltage.
Rotation is clockwise but can be reversed with slight modificat-
ion in connections (Instruction sheet shows you how).
SPECIFICATIONS
es
Operates on 12 to 24,VDC
e Ball bearing equipped
Rot
3800 RPM : 24-VDC Rotation CW facing shatt
ss e Continuous duty rated @ Double fan cooled
Full load i15-amps. Shaft diameter 2) 32
Idling current 10-amps. Size 12" x x 62
Speed can be varied Shipping weight 30 Ibs.
= Surplus Rheostat
se
ee
se
se
es
ee
COST GOV'T
ss OVER $15.00
ees
ee
es
‘ITEM #2209)
ss
ee
es
$
ee
F.0.8. Lincoln
se
ee
se
ee
ss © (ITEM =2209 ) - - Gov't. surplus flying uit theostat that can
ss be used as a control for surplus aircr>*: generators for welding
ss or output control. Can also be used to regulate voltage on mode!
ss trains, lights, generators, etc. Has OFF" position and 2 temcle
ss 25 125-volt receptacles. Rated 5.7S-ohms 0)-watts. Size
7" x Sta" x Shipping weight Ibs
a — — os
=
oe
Nibbling Too!—hand operated—Cuts
Phen es blades, to make them superior tools. sheet metal like a punch and die.
Catia) Gauge or thickness — .035”'. It’s easy to use —Storts with a
OWS-S19 2%x5" ..........$1.03
OHS-S19 3x6" ...........$1.18
Nee-Comfort Lecther Knee Pods— Greenlee
nt_and Floor Drawkalfe—
VA
ee
ss
ee
33
Z es
ee
se
se
es
es
ee
se
se <
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se
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Size
U. S. General Supply Corp.
Again tools, tools, tools. Brand names, catalog number is the
manufacturer’s model number, More junk than Silvo, and |
think they sell their mailing list. At least | get lots of junk
mail that | trace to them. Prices sometimes better than Silvo,
service somewhat worse. Good to compare the two, as they
have different prices and different things. $20.00 minimum
order. Net costs are coded into the item.number. Divide the
numbers following “E” by two. Audel books are 15-25%
cheaper than publisher prices.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
Catalog
$1.00, refundable
are polished.
finest Vanadium tool
200-1450-3
200-1 £40119 (10)
V-BLOCKS
& CLAMPS
Machined tool steel for rugged
durability to assure long life.
Comes in sets of 2 only, including
Clamp and V-block sq.
dle is securely attached. Polished steel ferrule.
601-191 10x5” size ............
601-1910%! 1014x544” size .......:. “e (4. .70) As Above, but Hardened and Grouna tool stent.
501-1911E 11x514” 7.05 4,7) 350-117E 1800 12.30
(300)
Airborne Sales
Airborne Sales Company is not the usual surplus melange. Emphasis
seems to be on electrical, electronic, pneumatic, hydraulic and
mechanical systems and attendant parts and pieces. Their stock
includes both new and used, marine specialties, tool room items
and “hard-to-find” things and stuff. Pumps and motors for a
variety of applications and power sources are available. Tired of your
smog producer? Develop your own electric car with motor
No. 1893 (their 1965 catalog), a $259 Westinghouse product
for $29.75. Gauges, tools and fittings are available for much
of the pneumatic, electronic, hydraulic and mechanical systems
common to aeronautic and space programs.
[Suggested and reviewed by
C. P. Christianson]
body.
U. S. General Supply Corp. 8 GPM. %,” male bottom pipe Replacement Cylinders (15.00)
100 General Place thread.. 908-1001/5E Pkge: of 5 $3.75
Jericho, N. Y. 11753 711-P31BE1770...........$13.45(6.85) Replacement Butane Cylinders (3.00)
Has instant-adjustment feature
Stock No. ight
312-7RDWES580... 4x7” 27 Ibs.
312-10RDWE6360 4x10” 33Ibs. ...44.50:(31.80)
*
Master Mechanics Mfg.
Jacks ‘n pumps ‘n motors ‘n gadgetry.
MINIATURE GAS
WELDING
AUTOMATIC CENTER PUNCH
This is the first ,
portable, light- "g pered alloy steel. A precision-made
weight gas simply - constructed tool,
welding torch Priced. 14
to do the job of 4
welders up to
eight times as
heavy and
costing four A self-
contained hand held oxygen butane in-
strument that welds, brazes and solders
up to 5000°F with pin-point heat.
908-1002/5E400 Pkge. of 5 tubes... $2.50
LARGE TAP & DIE CHESTS
Adjustable dies and suitable die stocks and
tap wrenches are fitted in wooden boxes.
Medium set contains following taps, dies:
NC—14x20, %x18, 34x16, 16x13,
12, 54x11, %4x10, & pipe, 4 pipe.
NF—14 x28, %cx24, %x24, 14x20, Nex
18, 54x18, 4x16.
150-3465E 16800 1%” O.D. Dies
Large set contains following taps and dies:
Almest 69% lighter then regular pipe weench-
es of same size, Has aluminum handle. Hook-
jaw for easy entry to tight spots. Jaws made
of finest alloy steel for long life. NC—%cx12, x11, %4x10, %x9, 1x8.
Stock No. Size Price NF—%cxl8, x18, 34x16, %x14, 1x14.
303-A14E1 14” $10.36 |(6.90) 150-2101E 19680 2” O.D. Dies ..
303-A18E2046 18" t02%” —15.30/(10.20) 40)
BLACKSMITH’S HAND HAMMER
forged steel. Quality finished
screw closed on work then locks it in
Dog in front jaw. Heavy cast iron
Wood handle. Continuous steel screw
SPEED-A-LINER
BUILDERS’ TRANSIT LEVEL
20 power optics for laying out horizontal and
vertical angles, ogo setung building lines,
= checking elevation and plumbing. Spring-
3: loaded lever-type lock for quick conversion
ss from transit to level. Large, easy-to-grip fo-
i cusing controls can be operated with gloves on.
Internal focusing, horizontal circle with dou-
ble vernier that reads direct to 44 degree (15
min.). Has built-in sunshade.
i é
$.25 COMPLETE WELDING UNIT ae —
$.10
Sales Company from:
8501 Stellar Drive yy! jr sadam P. O. Box 65 Campbel ool
. U. BOX O. BOx
Culver City, CA 90230 Burlington, Wis. 53105 Sarasota, Florida 33578 IT ws
Machinist's stuff. Carries the low-cost Mitutoyo line
of precision instruments.
NOT A KIT — THIS IS READY TO USE! Catalog
MERELY BELT TO YOUR TRACTOR, TRUCK, CAR OR OTHER POWER $.50
SOURCE, COMES COMPLETE AS SHOWN WiTH CONTROL UNIT.
With 200 amp. generator internal cooling fan type. Ship. wt. 85 Ibs. from:
No 83 $87. 50 each Campbell Tools Co.
1424 Barclay Road
Same as above less generator. Ship. wt. 45 Ibs. Springfield, Ohio 45505
No. 84 $59.50 each
USE A WINCH AND SAVE YOUR BACK
ro on TRUCK TRAILER INDICATORS
Sapaiee in any position! Now load your boat trailer,
truck or regular trailer the easy and simple way! Just’
mount winch on your truck or trailer, attach the cable RANGE NO. GRADUATION
to the load and pull it on. Winches constructed of heavy 04” 513-102 CS
TURNBUCKLE MIX
pper plated brass barrel.
per plated steel. ends. Length
open from to 10°’. Approx.
Govt cost $35.00, For boats and
tions, Ship. wrt,
4 tbs.
{No. 1337 OF $4.95
FUEL SHUT-OFF VALVE
Knife type, slides in and out.
IHustrated in half-open position,
Handle has a full open or closed
position. May be set at any point
wi a stain’ ess steel knife.
all outdoor indoor installa- L x
1-5/16"". NEW. Govt. cost $103.
each, Ship. wt. 2 Ibs Se
No. 2422
W. Valve opening is
position, Drum holds 195-ft. of 3/16-in. cable,
Mechanica]
tom 157 Shpg. wt. 8 tbs.. Special... . .$8.96
As above but larger & better.
impregyated
of 1/8-in. wire rope, Mechanical advantage
Gear ratio 5 to 1. Size 9-3/4% 6-3/32x7-in. high.
advantage 9 to 1. Gear ratio 3 to 1.
Gt6Ta, Shpg. wt. (8 Ibs., Special, . $18.96
$4.95 each |
and Points
Complete
with Holders
Set includes
Stem (102036) & Point
already installed
Bars (102043) & (102045)
Points = & (102041)
Stem (10208
Clamp (192081)
Wrench (1020:
Sions, For instantaneous single-
hand spotting. Replaceable points
=| are made of special, rugged, tem- ‘a
—
er = P
of =>
_ bright
.
i
jow—
- $1.69
H
TROWELS
:
= PHILADELPHIA PATTERN. Forged in 1 piece ‘ =o
see, from highest grade trowel steel; tempered, taper 604-3CPES40 3\lb.Head..............$4.50
re ground, hand smithed and polished. Straight ‘ r (2.70) hae
:
woop
D ACTING WORKERS
H VISE
3 kaj )
ze
as
ee
and steel guides. Extra sturdy reinforced
es
ee
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DC
Ss,
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1000 Ib. Capacity Winch. Concealed tooth driven gears, + | |
| | 3
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:
*
Palley’s Unistrut
There are many so-called “surplus” stores, most with some NEW HART OIL BURNING RANGE
sort.of specialty. They usually have started as war surplus, The famous Vulcan-Hart 84" double
oven range with fuel injection oil
Unistrut is great stuff. You can make houses, furniture,
partitions, stage sets, boat trailers and just about all sorts
but now include all manner of industrial surplus, some of burner! Fuel injection system uses a of things out of it, and can take them apart later and use
which is surplus for good reason. Some stores also carry General Electric 1/12 HP motor and the Unistrut again. /t comes in several sizes, in several
cheap shoddy junk and “seconds” that are not at all bar- Oe Gioiar chaeun on render an metals and finishes, and is completely adjustable. I’ve
gains. Shopping for surplus can be tricky, but if you know current—115 volt, 60 cycles—and is ‘used it for such diverse things as tables, store interiors,
what you are doing you can often do very well. /t is pack frames, animation stands and camera dollies, tele-
helpful to know something about the merchandise in 22” ovens are lined with ceramic and scopes. Unistrut is distributed nationwide, but locally
question and what it would cost at a straight supplier. full lengtn polished steel grill has5 ' there may be competitors that offer cheaper prices and
!t is better to shop in person rather than by mail because a parts. Chimney is equipped with barometric draft control. different finishes. Good for space frames such as Fuller’s
, > riginally cost government approximately $900.00.
some examples are in better condition than others, and Complete with 1/12 HP motor. c Only $195.00 octet truss.
the catalog descriptions are often incomplete. /t is also
easier to haggle. You should keep in mind that there may
be repair parts problems with surplus machines, and that
it is unwise to depend upon a certain item being always
available. Some otherwise succulent tidbits may turn
Similar in use but not in sophistication is “Giant Erector
Set’ slotted angle that goes under a number of trade
names. It’s usually called “slotted angle’’ or “‘metal
lumber” in the Yellow Pages. It’s particularly good for
s: shelving and camping bus interiors, where 2 x 4’s are
out to work only on 27 volts DC; a bummer. Keep in mind The famous EE-8 Field Phone. 3 not really suitable. A good brand is AIM by Interlake
that the “it may not be here tomorrow” feeling in a surplus Ideal for use on rifle ranges or = Co. 4903 Pacific Blvd.. Los Angeles, CA. It costs
store can hypnotically lead the unwary to bringing home a wherever clear, dependable com- $3 bei
munication is desired up to 15 about the same as finished lumber and takes no skill
bunch of junk that “may come in handy later’. Ingenious > ‘ Ss : ‘
with stuff miles between stations. Operates at all to use. Comes with bolts and nuts and a simple
re ras ” on two stenderd betteries. Set # table to calculate loads. Also Good Stuff.
te includes a ringing generator, one
Palley’s is known as a os pon lus house f eat phone—all contained in the orig- HH [Suggested and reviewed by J. Baldwin]
The most recent catalog lists mostly industrial surplus. Pumps, inai compact carrying case. All 3
generator sets, storage tanks, fans, switches, power tools, are reconditioned and checked
vehicle winches, and gasoline engine powered carpenter out. = Uni tc
saws and drills are among the items useful to the commune. E.socessu Each $17.50 FAMOUSSIGNALCORPS #: ~™*'™ atalogs
They can get you specific stuff, and will haggle quantity EL90-EE8SU-2-System of 2— TYPE EE-8 FIELD 3 free
prices. ; 32.50 TELEPHONE
[Reviewed by J. Baldwin] $3 Unistrut Corporation
$3 4118 South Wayne Road
Palley Supply Co. Catalog 3: Wayne, Michigan 48184
$1.00 16-PIECE #
from: STUDENT'S SET 3
Has a 6-3/8" compass ss
‘Palley Supply Co.
2263 E. Vernon Avenue, Dept. M-70
Los Angeles, CA 90058
with straightening de- ss
vice, opposite broken ss
joints, micrometrical ad- ss
justment,driver,pen and = ss
THOMPSON FUEL PUMP pencil parts and telescopic lengthening bar, also a 6" hairspring $8
divider with straightening device, 4-1/4" Bow divider, Bow pencil 3:
Offset rotary vane type with built-in relief and Bow pen with center wheel adjustment, a Swedish ruling pen, h
valve. Constant flow of 400 GPH at 2500 drop Bow, extension compass and divider with hairspring attach- 33
F : 2 ment, a 5-1/2” ruling pen with cross joint blade for easy cleaning, $5
RPM. Discharge pressure is 30.6" HG. Has extra plastic handle for compass parts, a screwdriver, a repair tube $5
3/4” pipe ports, Size:5"'x 4-1/2’’x 4°°.25 PSI. extra leads and needle. All made of brass, nickel-plated. The
complete set in velvet-lined, pocketbook case. - 3:
P-F83-DV46 $8.49 $16.95
*
The Engineers’ Illustrated Thesaurus
| like this book better than The Way Things Work (p. 60).
/t lists concepts, structures, and processes strictly by function
instead of by object. So as you page through, the elements
start adding up in your head in bizarre combinations. Let's
see: if we attached a mercury switch to a geared-down rotator
on the windmill and connected it to a strobe light, then
whenever our heads kaleidoscoped we’d know the wind was
blowing 20 miles an hour and we‘d halt all traffic on the
pedestrial suspension bridge before it went harmonic and
tossed all our visitors in the canyon.
[Suggested by Steve Durkee]
The Engineers’ Illustrated Thesaur:rs
Herbert Herkimer
1952; 557 pp.
$6.00 postpaid | Le
from:
Chemical Publishing Co., Inc.
212 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10010 ‘
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
A-—Single-strut deck truss for short spans up to 40 feet.
= P SS = B—Double-strut deck truss for spans up to 70 feet.
——— J N C—Multiple-strut deck truss for spans up to 100 feet.
3 D—Truss with interpanel tie rods (Whipple).
A E—Truss in which the vertical and end posts are struts;
rods in the panels (Whipple).
F—Truss with vertical struts, except in the end panels
M which have vertical tie rods, with inclined end struts
K and diagonal tie rods.
G—Arch-deck truss bridge.
H—Truss with inclined strut and tie rod for each panel, with
it has vertical tie rods from the end posts and diagonal tie
ASA stiff compression upper chord, the vertical members being
tie rods.
J —Truss with inclined posts and vertical tie rods (Baltimore model).
K—Arch-truss bridge.
L—Truss, having vertical end posts with inclined struts meeting at
the center (Post.)
M—Swing Bridge (Whipple).
N—Swing bridge (Post).
O—Cantilever bridge.
P,Q,R—Suspension bridges.
S—Steel-arched concrete bridge (Thatcher type).
T—Rolling lift bridge (Chicago type).
Vv (combination of “‘Whipple” and “Warren System’’).
; V—Brookiyn-New York bridge (Roebling suspension system).
|
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Thomas Register of American Manufacturers
Let it all hang out: 7 volumes, 10,000 pages, 50,000 product
ads, 70,000 classifications. It’s the great American industrial
yellow pages—and like the yellow pages, an education. If the
Sears Catalog will tell you where American consumption is at,
TR tells you what's happening in production. And if you’re
trying to make the switch toward production, TR can help
you find what you need.
7269 AVENUE
(ORE HOURS of WEAR » MORE ECONOMICAL . {
|
SARJANIAN GLOVE COMPANY
DETROIT MICHIGAN 48209
SARJANIAN
Peastic Coarteo
eitioves
WINGED PATTERN AND FRE CREASE
Thomas R
published annually in the summer
$30.00 postpaid
m:
Thomas Publishing Company
461 Eighth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10001
2
also available in most libraries
moidiess
resitent conga ter
-FOAMS
URETHANES
Boreas PRODUCTS
som
tt
Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
Among handbooks this one is unusually wealthy in basic
information. Its 6-figure math tables are the standard (they're
obtainable separately: $6.50 from Chemical Rubber). Its
chemistry and physics tables constitute a comprehensive
inventory of invisible effects. 1t doesn’t teach you how to
use or even read the inventory, but if you know-how, here’s
the know-what tool chest.
[Suggested by Lloyd Martin]
Handbook of
Chemistry
and Physics
Robert C. Weast, ed.
1918... 1968
$22.50 postpaid
Cleveland, Ohio 44128
or WHOLE EARTH
GARTEX
(49th Edition); 3604 pp.
The Chemical Rubber Co.
18901 Cranwood Parkway
CATALOG
WATER AGAINST AIR
Tempera- Surface Vempera- Surface
ire tensi: ture tension
*c dynes/cm. dynes
77.0 15 73.49 40 69 56
-5 76.4 18 73 05 50
0 75.6 20 72.75 64.4
18 50 80 62.6
74.22 100 539
INTERFACIAL TENSION
Surface Tension at the Interface Between Two Liquids
(Each liquid saturated with the other,
Tem- Tem
Liquids pera- Liquids pera-
ture ture
*c
Benzene- -Merc 20 357 Water- -H li
Ethyl « 20 379 Water. -n at
Water- -Benzene 20 35.00 Water- “Mercury: 20 375
"Carbon wetre- 20 45. n-Octa 20 50.8
Water- -Ethyl ether. . 20 10.7 ster--Octyt alcohol 8.5
stow
wovoep URETHANE & LATEX FOAM tron Pipe?
Wyoming?
4—Its there
For every industry, every
VOLUMES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
1—Does anyone in Alabama make Cast
2—Are induction Coils manutactured in
3—Who makes Electric Motors in Michi-
gan?
KIND OF INFORMATION T. R. WILL FURNISH x
manufacturer, every product,
anywhere in the U. S. A.
VOLUME 7
5—Trademark Section. ‘11—Where are the branch offices of the Star
6—Where are the plants of the Allis-Chaim- Expansion Co.?
ers Mig. Co.? 12—Wnat in the capital rating of the Western
7—Who succeeded the Acme Rubber Mig. Supply Co.?
Co.? 13-—Who are the officiais of the Erle Foundry
is the home office of the Bristot Co?
Brass Corp ? 14—wnat is the cable address of Acme Visi-
man cows Genera! Elec-
manutacturer of
large
Rubber Hose in Connecticut?
products Coes
tne make and what ere they?
10-18 Novo Pump & Engine Co. perent
company or subsidiary?
15—What companies does Howmet Corp
own or control?
Machinery’s Handbook
/f you make things out of metal you need
Machinery’s Handbook. This thick, compre-
hensive guide to shop and engineering practice
was originally designed to fit in the tall center
drawer of a machinist’s chest. Machinist’s
chests have stayed the same size, but the
shaping of metal has become more and more
complicated. Machinery’s has coped with the
squeeze heroically; the current (18th) edition
contains 2293 pages printed on fine India
paper, and it still fits the drawer. You can
find in it things like tap drill sizes for S.A.E.,
metric, and Whitworth threads, what welding
rod to use for which metal, and how much
weight you can hang on a rope if it goes
around a fat (or thin) barrel. You can also
look up logarithms, area, volumes, and centers
of gravity, and learn how to design helical
gears, replace bearings, grind a lathe bit, and
do many other useful and not-so-obvious
things. The book is divided into thirteen main
sections, indexed, thumb-indexed, and bound
in tough, satisfyingly archaic industrial green
with gold stamping.
[Suggested and reviewed
by Dr. Morton Grosser]
*
The Starrett Book for Student Machinists
Table Amerncas Standard soo-Powed Stee! Flanged Fittings
SAGO
| ot | No | Seer to Contact Surtace of Pose
40.0. | a5 he | | » | 10
A face of meluited im te) minimum thickness hence the
eenter-tocoat act ore the the" tor this type of facing. Where facings
Other than the Sie are the center-to-
Machinery
1914..
*s Handbook
2293 pp.
$16.00 postpaid
from:
Industrial Press, Inc.
200 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
This is an excellent reference and introduction to machining.
/t can be used in place of the Machinery’s Handbook by
many people, although it does not pretend to replace it.
Chapters like: Reading Working Drawings; Facts About
Fits; Drills and How to Use them; Jigs and Fixtures; and
Lathe Work. The book is well bound and small, making
itan easy volume to keep.
[Suggested and reviewed by Fred Richardson]
The Starrett Book for Student Machinists
The L. S. Starrett Co.
1941... 1952; 184 pp. from:
The L. S. Starrett Co.
$2.25 postpaid Athol, Massachusetts 01131
Fie
STARRETT BOOK
tor
18th EDITION
SPEED CHANGE
GEAR CASE
SPEEO CHANGE
FELO WHEEL
SONLLLIA GNV
Register
ace ages thet ry Z|
beaded parts
FEDERAL chenmcats made to your
ehetrical cl t h PACKINGS teated wood
BUSTER The BLOCH BUSTER tne onde insulation production rates for lowest cost — FOAMS shaped Parts piston
= PRESTO Manufacturing Co. Inc.
Savery Gloves and mittens
}
|
Column Type Upright Drill Press
FEED GEAR CASE
Leven |
motos
:
SLIDING HEAD RACK |
4
CUTTING
weaicant
TAQLE
f
“a
FIG. 87 FM; 8
New Scientist
New Scientist is the best evidence we've seen
that there are new scientists in the world,
young, politically aware, irreverent, active.
Every week here’s yet another New Scientist
(if you get behind reading, it’s hopeless), full
of actual news, critique, and gossip of the
research world. The magazine is British, so you
get perspective on U. S. accomplishments
(flattery nonetheless), and report of world-
Frost as bleach?»
“tse
Sir—Can any of your readers
why it is that babies’ nappies,
and hung out damp throughout a frosty ni
lose all vestiges of stains that have previously
resisted all efforts of my wife, washing
machine, and the detergent manufacturers to
eliminate?
Is there a case for a refrigerator with a
nappy compartment?
wide activities unreported in most American
journals, The Ariadne column is a gem.
[Suggested by Steve Baer]
On machine murder
Astronomers and opticians may well have been appalled at the recent
report that an equipment technician at the McDonald Observatory in
Texas has the million-dollar, 107-in reflective mirror of the world’s
third largest telescope lowered to within pistol range and shot it.
The local establishment has had him arrested and are putting about
that he was drunk at the time. But among those who feel wonder if
things weren't just about right at Walden Pond, there is conjecture
that the solar marksman might really have been registering symbolic
sympathy with other American Garibaldis of our automatic age who
have started in gunning for the arrogant machines.
In a steel mill in Gary, Indiana, ac
into the factory milk-vending machine but got nothing out. Instead
of creeping humbly away and leaving his money in the smug mon-
ster, he went back to his travelling
rane driver lately put 15 cents
crane, manoeuvred it over the
stove-enamelied thief, raised the jib 15 feet in the air and let it
drop to smash the victim into a metal goulash of milk, wire and
money. A little to the south, in th
the owner of a petro! station finally got fed up with feeding
New Scientist
e state capital, Indianapolis,
nickels into his pumpside soft drink non-vending machine. One
day, when his total loss down its unresponsive siot had topped
10 quid, he had to give refunds to two customers who'd lost their
money in it. And, when he needed to slake his thirst after the
argument, it swallowed his coins as well and never disgorged a
from:
New Scientist
London W. C. 2
bottle. So he went to his deck, took out his revolver, and saying
to the machine, “that’s the last time you'll cheat anybody”, he
shot it dead. He was fined 160 dol
given 10 days in jail for firing a gun within city limits.
Good old Scientific American.
Product Engineering
Roy Sebern pointed out the main satisfaction
of reading Product Engineering: in the usual
magazines such as Popular Science, everything
has the tone of “I-wish-they’d make... “;
whereas in Product Engineering it’s “We are
making...“ The magazine has good reporting
and excellent editing. Increasingly it is going
beyond the question of how to make stuff into
why make stuff. Departments
& Technology, Mechanical Design & Power
Transmission, Hydraulic/Pneumatic Power &
Control, Materials & Manufacturing, Product
Planning & Management, and the Engineer &
His Profession.
58
lars by the municipal judge and
SCIENTIFIC
Globe-Trotter’s Peril
Te painful, nauseating but feverless
disease known as “traveler’s diar-
rhea” has often been blamed on a
change in water or climate, on chilled
drinks and on other dietary indiscre-
tions. Its actual cause now seems to be
known; it appears to result from the suf-
ferer’s ingestion of the intestinal bac-
terium Escherichia coli, but a bacterium
that belongs to a strain different from
those he already harbors.
Michael B. Wilkinson
$16.00 for one year (weekly)
128 Long Avenue
in to me
wa
“The self-sufficiency of the specialist's world is a prisoner's illusion. It is time to open the gates.”
Lewis Mumford
Scientific American
$8.00 for one year (monthly)
from:
Scientific American
415 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
or most newsstands.
If we look at man’s use of energy, the
future of fossil fuels or fission is mea-
sured in centuries; only deuterium or
sunlight can carry us through a long his-
tory of industrial life. Our history is now
marked on a time axis by one single
pulse of fossil energy, rising from the
axis and falling back to it again in about
a millennium. We are in the first fourth
of that pulse today. Right now men add
as much heat to the earth’s surface as
the natural flow of heat by convection
and conduction from the earth’s hot in-
terior does, and we face a tenfold rise in
man’s activities. For the first time in so
central a parameter as energy men will
have worked on a geologic scale. (Of
course, the sun sends 1,000 times more
heat to the earth’s surface; we shall not
cook ourselves that way!) Still, our myr-
iad stacks and tailpipes aggregate to
more heat than Krakatoa, Etna and the
Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes.
A stove that will burn almost any type of coal without giving off
smoke has been developed by the South African Council for
Scientific & Industrial Research. The aim, of course, is to reduce
air pollution. In addition, council says, the new stove cannot
include Research
overheat, yet develops temperatures for ordinary cooking and
uses less fuel than a conventional stove.
Basic features of the stove are a firebox grate with a set of front
bars only 4 in. high, to make sure the fuel bed is shallow (with a
thick bed, the upper layers of fuel receive air robbed of its oxygen
by the lower layers, and smoking results); a hot plate that is
actually the upper surface of the horizontal flue; and a single
door that serves both as fire door and ash door. The door has a
novel variable-size air opening in its lower half. This opening
admits air to the underside of the fire and makes it possible to
cut the air supply down to bank the fire, or to increase it to
achieve the optimum working temperature.
To prevent overheating, the stove is designed so, when the door
is opened to add fuel, excess air enters above the fire and the
draft is reduced. Thus, opening the door to increase the
heating rate above the optimum point will result in cooling the
stove down rather than heating it up.
The biggest shadowgraph sho
The total eclipse of ? March, photographed from space by NASA's Applications
Technology Satellite-3, in a synchronous orbit 22,300 miles high. In this picture,
the Moon's shadow can be seen moving off into the North Atlantic.
i
HH A photograph taken in bright starlight using a Marconi,
HH low-light level television camera. The plane’s shadow
ss is quite clear on the runway.
inverted
barn door
track with
four-wheel trucks
External and detailed views of the shutter
Things That Go Bump
The center of the galaxy may be emitting intense bursts of
gravitational radiation, according to evidence reported at the |
recent annual meeting of the American Physical Society by
Joseph Weber of the University of Maryland. .. .
If Weber's detectors are indeed responding to gravitational
radiation, what could be the significance of emanations pre
dominantly from the center of the galaxy? Einstein’s general
theory of relativity predicts that gravitational waves should
be produced by matter that is accelerating with respect to the
observer. “Evidently,’’ says Weber, “‘matter in the center of
the galaxy is either collapsing or being rearranged on a grand
scale."’
Product Engineering
w in the world
Allen and Killman are unable to decide between
these three alternatives, each of which fit the
available spectroscopic data. But meanwhile,
any of the three versions can also account for
many of the known physical properties of
anomalous water. The dense packing of oxygen
and water atoms in cyclimetric water explains
the high density of anomalous water grown in
the laboratory. Furthermore, the Princeton
workers Suggest that quasi-crystalline structure
of cyclimetric water would result in the forma-
tion of microcrystallites: the tumbling together
of these microcrystallites could account for the
high viscosity of anomalous water, while the strong
interactions between them offer an explanation
for anomalous water's high surface tension.
$15. 00 for one year
(biweekly).
from:
Fulfillment Manager
Product Engineering
P. O. Box 430
Hightstows, N. J. 08520
—
se J
FONTS
Kari
|
En
e
i
oni,
Popular Science
Of the three, Pog Seience, Popular Mechanics,
and Mechanics Mustrated, consistently the some-
what better is Popular Science. /t’s a good source
for current applied science reporting and base-
ment technology. Most of the tool sources we
list advertise in the magazine.
[Suggested by Jay Baldwin]
Popular Science
$5.00 /yr. (monthly)
from:
Popular Science
Subscription Department
Boulder, Colo. 80302
Super-Bipe STOL, with spectacular climbing ability, |
wastes no time getting airborne.
Science
Last issue | knocked Science for being unloveable and
uncommunicative. Now | have to acknowledge I’ve gotten
more useful tips from the magazine than any other technical
or scientific journal.
Science
$12 /yr. (weekly)
from:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
1515 Massachusetts Avenue, N. W.
Washington, D. C. 20005
Our Fragile Environment
The quality of the environment, ecology, and pollution problems
have recently become matters of concern everywhere. My own
Personal explanation for this outburst of interest may be peculiar
to myself, but | would like to know whether my explanation sounds
a responsive chord in the minds of others. | date my own reawakening
of interest in man’s environment to the Apollo 8 mission and to the
first clear photographs of the earth from that mission. My theory is
that the views of the earth from that expedition and from the sub-
sequent Apollo flights have made many of us see the earth asa
whole, in a curious way——as a single environment in which hur
dreds of millions of human beings have a stake.
One view in particular is awe-inspiring——with Africa in the fore
ground and the whole profile of the Mediterranean very clear.
One stares at the whole Mediterranean, looking from outer
space much as in an atlas, but not as a drawing. Much of our
most commonly taught history centers around that little sea, a
mere patch of the hemisphere, which once seemed to its inhabitants
to be the whole world.
Looking at the blackness beyond the sharp blue-green curve,
trying to see even the place where the thin envelope of atmosphere
and the solid earth meet, the curious word “fragile” comes to
mind. To be on the earth and think of it as fragile is ridiculous.
But to see it from Out There and to compare it with the deadness
of the Moon! | suspect that the greatest lasting benefit of the
Apollo missions may be, if my hunch is correct, this sudden rush John Caffrey
of inspiration to try to save this fragile environment——the whole American Council on Education
one——if we still can. Washington, D.C. 20036
A new long-life, high-energy battery developed
by the U.S. Army can be
as popping bread into a toaster. The
mechanically rechargeable zinc-air battery
doesn’t need special or lengthy charging.
The basic unit is a flat zinc-air cell about
the size of a five-pack of cigars. The cells
are stacked in glass fiber battery cases to al-
low circulation. A soldier in the field can
recharge the battery simply by removing the
long, narrow zinc anodes in each cell, drop-
ping in new ones, and adding water. The
seg ce is good for 100 such cycles. It is used
‘or backpack radios and night-vision devices.
Citroén Mehari, beefed-up for off-road racing, has
roll cage, extra lights, rubber auxiliary gas tank.
A superinsulation that grew out of the Apollo Space Program
has been modified into a fabric that may open a new world of
comfort for the outdoorsman.
An aluminum coating reflects up to 80 percent of your body heat,
but does not clog the pores of the fabric. The result is a free
breathing material that can make a garment up to 30 percent
warmer with no significant increase in weight or bulk.
The inside of the woven nylon fabric is mist coated via a vacuum
deposition process with a layer of aluminum about one millionth
of an inch thick. Then another substance is coated over the
aluminum to protect it whenever the fabric is washed.
_ The fabric is already available in a line of jackets made by McGregor
and can be used in other types of clothing, and in tents and sleeping
bags as well.
The Norton Company, of Newton, Mass., makes the machine
washable material and another product, the Space Sportsman's
Blanket, of a similar fabric. The blanket material is non-breathing,
however.—Herbert Shuldiner.
as easily
In preparation for the next industrial revolution, | suggest that we
revise our vocabulary. For instance, there is no such thing, no such
person, as a consumer. We merely use ‘‘things’’; and, according to
the law of the conservation of matter, exactly the same mass of
material is discarded after use. Thus, as the standard of living goes
up, the amount of waste and consequent pollution must go up.
| believe we must base the next industrial revolution——a planned one
——on the thesis that there is no such thing as waste, that waste is
simply some useful substance that we do not yet have the wit to use.
Industry so far is doing only half its job. It performs magnificent
feats of scientific, technological, and managerial skill to take things
from the land, refine them, and mass-manufacture, mass-market,
and mass-distribute them to the so-called consumer; then the same
mass of material is left, after use, to the so-called public sector, to
be ‘‘disposed of.’’ By and large, in our society, the private sector
makes the things before use and the public sector disposes of them
after use.
In the next industrial revolution, there must be a loop back from the
user to the factory, which industry must close. If American indus-
trial genius can mass-assemble and mass-distribute, why cannot the
same genius mass-collect, mass-disassemble, and massively reuse the
materials? If American industry should take upon itself the task of
closing this loop, then its original design of the articles would include
features facilitating their return and remaking. If, on the other hand,
we continue to have the private sector make things and the public
sector dispose of them, designs for reuse will not easily come about.
We industrial revolutionaries must plan to move more and more into
the fields of human service, and not leave such concerns to the
so-called public sector. We have seen our food supply grow to
abundance in the United States, with fewer and fewer people
needed to grow it. We are seeing the automation of factories, with
an abundance of ‘‘things” provided by fewer and fewer people. On
the other hand, we have a shortage of human services and a shortage
of people providing these services. It follows quite simply that, if
Private enterprise is not to dwindle, while the public sector grows
to be an all-embracing octopus, then private enterprise must go
into the fields of human service.
—Athelstan Spilhaus, president, American Association for the
Advancement of Science
Mammalian evolution might be expected to be conservative and
limited to a rate characteristic of the entire ecosystem. However,
mammalian evolution has been explosive with respect to rate and
diversity.
| suggest that the conservative influence of social dominance is
more than offset by other consequences of hierarchical behavior,
and that social behavior is a major force in the evolution of mammals.
Mammalian selection and evolution may occur to an important
degree through the agency of socially subordinate individuals, and
it is these individuals that will provide the genetic material involved
in adaptation to new circumstances.
John J. Christian
W2h
Insert this new version of the Stickle
Dickle in your saber saw and you can
cut in any direction. Its teeth spiral up
the shank——for intricate scrollwork, jus
move the saw in the direction you want
to cut. Coastal Abrasive Co., Trumbull,
Conn. 06611, makes it. $2 at stores.
-
3
3
ee
3
ee
Clearinghouse
/ts full name is “Clearinghouse for Federal
Scientific and Technical Information,” it’s
managed by the U. S. Department of Commerce,
and it’s quite a service, All current unclassified
: R&D (research and development) done for or
by the Government is available through
Clearinghouse; this amounts to 30,000 new
documents each year. Specific accesses are:
U. S. Government Research and Development
Reports (December 1,000 new documents
twice a month), $22/year; Fast Announcement
Service, for as many as 57 subject areas,
delivered constantly, $5/year; and Technical
Translations, twice a month, $12/year. These
are indexes. Once you find what you want
you order a paper copy (hard copy) for around
$3 or micro-film (microfiche) for around $.65.
The following examples of listings are from the
Fast Announcement Service.
[Suggested by Jon Dieges]
Write for free information and order forms to:
U.S. Department of Commerce
Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific
and Technical Information
Springfield, VA 22151
AD-691 231 -- THE INFORMATION THEORY ASPECT OF TELEPATHY,
L. M. Kogan, U.S.S.R., 1969, translated from Russian, July 69, 26p.
AD-677 116 -- A SOLAR-ILLUMINATED ALGAL PHOTOSYNTHETIC
EXCHANGER, R. L. Miller et al., Martin Co., Denver, Colo., for the Air
Force, June 68, .... Describes a continuous culture system for study-
ing the use of solar energy for algal growth and photosynthetic gas exchange.
. + ORDER: PB-180 051 -- TRITON CITY - A PROTOTYPE FLOAT-
{NG COMMUNITY, Triton Foundation, Inc., Cambridge, Mass., for the Dept.
of Housing and Urban Development, Nov. 68, 131p.
Fuilers foating ety
WHAT IS MEMORY THAT IT MAY HAVE HINDSIGHT
AND FORESIGHT AS WELL, H. Von Foerster, Univ. of Illinois, Urbana,
for the Air Force, Jan. @, 6lp..... Discusses the phenomenon of
Physiological memory from the viewpoint that memory is embeded into
the totality of cognitive processes and considered as a ¢
operation rather than a storage and retrieval problem.
AD-683 047 --
AD-681 752 -- A FIFTEEN-YEAR FORECAST OF INFORMATION-
PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, G. B, Bernstein, Naval Supply Systems
Command, Washington, D. C., Jan, 69, 187p. . . . . Uses SEER (System
for Event Evaluation and Review), a technique that incorporates the con-
sensus of participatent experts, to produce a technological forecast of
what is expected to occur in the information-processi ig industry.
PB-180 665 -- THE INFLUENCE OF DESIGN ON EXPOSED WOOD IN
B' IILDINGS OF THE PUGET SOUND ARBA, E, W. Schein, USDA, Pacific
Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Ore., Sept. 68,
. entifies the best existing design solutions to exposure hazards,
AD-680 168 -- SPIRAL GENERATION OF SHELLS :
MILITARY CONSTRUCTION, A, N, Collishaw and R. D, Graham, on of
Nov. 68, 30p. . .. . Discusses i of the
spiral generation construction process to military construction, Included
are p semi-p mt, and P y construction,
PB-182 401 -- BUILDING CLIMATOLOGY, PART IV: NOISE, National
Swedish Institute for Building Research, Stockholm, 1968, 86p. .
Annotated bibliography of literature dealing with the following aspects of
noise: (1) subjective reactions to sound, noise, and vibration, (2) objective
methods of registering sound and noise, (3) noise situations, (4) fighting
noise (technical and legal steps to. improve noise climate) and sound insu-
lation, (5) acoustic planning, and (6) theory of sound propagation.
AD-678 S71 -- TAN-O-QUIL-QM TREATMENT FOR a
DOWN, G. Cohen, U.S. Army Natick Labs., Natick, Mass., Aug. 66,
Describes process for treatment of feathers and down that uaes
tanning agent and a water repellent and is applicable to both landfowl and
waterfowl feather filling materials. Feathers treated by the process have
increased filling power that is durable to laundering, ere free from dust,
are exceptionally clean, and will not develop an odor even when wet.
during military field operations. Report includes
‘AD-688 132 -- POLYURETHANE FOAMS: TECHNOLOGY, PROPER -
TIES AND APPLICATIONS, A. H. Landrock, Pic: Arsenal, Dover,
N. J., Jan. @, available in paper copy only, $15.50, 257p. .. . . Discusses
state-of-the-art of urethane foams. ere: chemistry ot
urethane foam process; types of pol
ture; toxicity of raw materials; vd and ae ethod: $
surface coatings; foam propesties; test methods; military and space
plications; economics and costs; comparative properties of other foams;
specifications and standards; trade designations; and definitions of terms.
Report includes a bibliography of over 700 references from the open
literature, government project and contract reports, commercial bulletins,
and conference papers.
AD-686 723 -- WIND SURFING: NEW CONCEPT IN SAILING,
Tee is great, a stand-up surfboard with a
ball-joint flexible-boom sail. Surf in, then turn
around and surf out. Design and instructions.
the Army, Ohio River Division Labs., , Corps of Engineers, ‘Cincinnati, Ohio,
5
cience
—
r
==
re
a
e
Na
ae
| + AD-685 850 -- WATER SUPPLY IN COLD REGIONS, ae J, Alter, Cold =
38 - Regions Research & Engineering Lab., Hanover, N. H., Jan. 69, 94p. . . }
\ { 4, 0 Fal Discusses the influence of a cold environment on sanitary engineering works
OG) \ (J ’ rad and services, water supply neering in cold regions, and water supply
+
+
+
:
+ Dr \
t vai i
held fully articulated sail is an entirely new means of pr: on
t
Ari
Way fhustrated
Thi Encyclopedia
ol
fachnoiogy
The Way Things Work
The Way Things Work — from:
1967; 59 pp.
$9.95 postpaid New York, N.Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Best book for the bathroom we've seen. Nibble your way
to knowledge of technology. Each two pages of the book
is a bunch of text and a bunch of diagrams on all the big
and little gadgets and processes you can think of, ball-point
pens to data-processing. If you develop time travel, it
might be interesting to take this book back to the sixteenth
century and leave it under some European’s pillow. (Now
think about contact with alien civilizations.)
Introduction to Engineering Design
Out of a whole section of books on design in the
Engineering Library at Stanford, this book looked far the Introduction to Engineering Design
best. Recently Steve Baer (dome and solar designer) came a oe Waedaen
across it on our editing tables, sat down and paged, then iteseal
got up and hurriedly wrote a letter to a friend about the $9.95 postpaid
book and its author. | asked Steve to pick out some use-
ful quotes and pictures and he wouldn’t. “Look anywhere
you open it,” he advised, then ordered a copy.
Contents of the book include: The Engineering Problem
Situation, Design Project Organization, Information and
the Need Analysis, Identification of the Problems, Infor-
mation Sources, Synthesis of Alternatives, Estimation and
Order-of-Magnitude Analysis, Engineering and Money,
Preliminary Design, Engineering Problem Modeling, The
Iconic Model, Conceptual Representation, Expansion of
the Criterion Function, Checking in Engineering Design,
Optimization, etc., etc.
Fig. 7.4 Possible water channel sections.
Water supply project for mountain cabin.
WATER SUPPLY FOR MOUNTAIN CAMP
For another simple example, let us estimate how we would bring
water from a running stream into a tank (let's say a 50-galion
gravity tank) to supply water for a vacation cabin in the woods.
A natural supply point is 100 ft away upstream, guaranteeing among
other things a clean, continuous water supply. Our problem is
transport. Shall we use pipe, an open rock-lined channel in the
ground, or a wooden flume or trough? See Figure 7.4.
As we think about this, we discard the open channel in the ground
as too easily contaminated. The pipe could be laid on the ground;
and the wood flumes could be suspended from tree trunks and
possibly covered as shown by the dashed “board” in the illustration .
Thus, we have two reasonable ways of doing this job; the questions
now concern cost and convenience.
Next we check the sizes needed. |f we wanted the 50-gal. tank
filled in 15 min, we would need a flow of about 4 gal/min. This is
@ stream of water about as big as a person’s finger when the water
is flowing two feet per second, as shown by the equation in
footnotet deriving the cross-sectional area, A, of the stream.
This area would require a pipe one inch in diameter. if we were
using the wood “vee” channels, we would need two boards each
about three inches wide to avoid splashing over, or one-half board-
foot per running foot of channel (per foot of channel length). (A
board-foot is one square foot of wood, one inch or less thick.)
60
vig 7 METHODS OF PREVENTING FUSELAGE ROTATION
from:
McGraw-Hill Book Company
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N.J. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, Missouri 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
a“
— Novato, Calif. 94947
Poh. or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fig. 6.2. A sketch that changed automobile
ignition. (Courtesy General Motors Corp.)
Now we need to arrive at costs. The most convenient reference is
a broad-coverage catalog (such as that of Sears, Roebuck), in which
wood, metal, and other supplies can be found listed at retail prices.
Of course, one can also phone the retail plumbing or lumber suppliers.
In any case, we find
Wood: 15¢—20¢ / board-foot in the sizes we need
1 in. iron pipe: ft
% in. copper pipe: 58¢ /ft (One size smaller than iron pipe
for the same flow rate.)
Assuming one-half board-foot for each running foot of wood
channel, the comparisons are
ron: running foot, materials only ~
Copper: 60¢ /running foot, materials only | DEsiGN® |
Since we would do the work ourselves, the cost of labor is | Fuser
ded, and it seems that wood should be our choice. On PRODUCTION
one final check though, we ask whether these are all the choices.
Someone suggests plastic pipe, so we look that up: It is corrosion-
resistant, flexible, easily connected, sanitary; it has a smooth interior;
it could be in one piece and simply laid on the ground. It seems to
be a natural choice. The price of %-in. diameter plastic pipe is 10¢/ft;
1-in. diameter is 16¢/ft. Considering the labor needed with wood or
iron pipe, or the cost of copper tubing, and the plastic’s sanitary
advantages, the plastic pipe (high-density polyethylene) is certainly
the preferred choice.
Thus our bog Ay aaa is the use of this plastic tubing, probably %-in.
at 4
tA=Q/V (area = flow/velocity)
where * DESIGN is a part of PLANNING
Q = 4 gal/min = 1000 cu in./min (1 gal - 231 cu in.) + PLANNING is a part of PRODUCTION
V = 2 ft/sec = 24 in./(1/60 min) = 1500 in./min ’
Fig.3.7 The production-consumption cycle,
= 1000 cu in./min _
A 1500 in./min 2/3 sq. in. showing the place of engineering design.
ttt tt
Fig. 2. FORWARD FLIGHT { f
|
—
axa
Fig. lo Fig. KAPLAN TURBINE
iwoter
Fig. PROPELLER OF KAPLAN TURBINE
|
fi
——----- RAW
PRODUCTION MATERIAL
MFD
SOLD |
|ASTE
The Design of Design
It’s superficially a book for design engineers, but should
be useful to anyone engaged in the design of physical objects
or strategies. Simple and basic. More advanced treatment
of design techniques gets you into computers and very
sophisticated decision making theory. The main trip is
concentrated on getting your head straight so that design
decisions of any sort can be made intelligently. There’s a
good bit of practical advice concealed in a slurry of
English Humour. The only book of its type that we know
of. Among the better points:
Concentration and then relaxation is the common pattern behind
most creative thinking.
Beware of intrinsic impossibilities.
Beware of pseudo-technical words. [He means words like “sturdy,”
“big”, ‘beautiful’, etc.]
Define problems in figures or configurations.
Aim at continuity of energy.
He really gets to the center of the modern-technology-versus-
New-Mexico-Funk argument:
If the design of a particular machine or production line is based on
the way the process was originally done by hand, it is unlikely to
be the final form. The feeding forward by mechanizing a style
that was handy when only hands were available is doomed, in the
long run, to be superceded by the feeding back of ideas and materials
from the physical sciences. Beware of well-dressed arts and crafts.
[Reviewed by J. Baldwin]
You are taken out to lunch and everyone is anxious to hear
you tell them how a “few adjustments” or possibly ‘some
electronics” will solve all the difficulties. You have to break
it to them that everything is wrong in principle.
*
Technology and Change
The subtitle of this book is “The impact of invention and
innovation on American social and economic development”.
The author studies this area in the light of experience in
several industries, one of which is the building industry,
where change has been slow in coming. This book will be
of interest to its intended readership in industry. But ona
larger scale, it offers an answer to that teeth-gnashing
question: “Why does the ‘establishment’ resist change?”
Or for that matter, “Why does everybody resist change?”
This is one of the neatest and best explanations I’ve seen
(perhaps because it so closely matches my experiences as
a Professional Designer). It will be interesting for those who
wish to better know their Corporation As An Enemy as
well as to those who wish to equip themselves and their
organization to better deal with inevitable and intentional
change. One of his more interesting points is that “revolu-
tionaries” are often a reactionary force instead of being
truly revolutionary; they are the conservatives, especially
where technological change is concerned. Lots of subver-
sive stuff here. Recommended reading for changebringers.
[Reviewed b y Jay Baldwin.
Suggested by Steve Baer]
The crucial form of experiment demanded by the technological,
institutional and normative changes of our time is experiment in
norms and objectives. The erosion of the objectives of the Techno-
logical Program leaves us with more information than we can handle
and requires the attempt to create situations in which new objectives
can emerge.
Direct Use of the Sun’s Energy
The best book on Solar Energy that | know of.
Any curious and intelligent person can learn a
great deal about our planet and ourselves by
reading this book about ways of using sunlight.
There are many numbers in the book but the
math never goes beyond 8th grade arithmetic.
The book is clear and simple whether talking
about heating water——
For general domestic use of hot water for bathing
and washing dishes a temperature of 135°F (57°C)
is considered adequate and 20 gal per person per
day is a reasonable consumption. In many sunny
climates these requirements can be met with an
insulated storage tank and solar radiation absorber
The Design of Design
Gordon L. Glegg
1969; 93 pp.
$4.95 postpaid
from:
Cambridge University Press
32 East 57th Street
New York, N. Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Technology and Change
Donald A. Schon
1967; 248 pp.
$2.25 postpaid
from:
Dell Pubbishing Co., Inc.
750 Third Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
heater. A.
Inexpensive solar water
Now when a steel pile is suddenly hit on its top, the bottom does
not simultaneously go further into the ground. The force from
the hammer is transmitted as a shock wave which travels down
the length of the pile, finally giving the bottom end a kick.
But more than this happens. A steel pile behaves like a long
helical spring and vibrates longitudinally at its resonant
frequency, until the side damping effect of the ground dissipates Invention Inventor
the residual energy, which it does very quickly. Safety razor ‘Vraveller in corks
Kodachrome films Musician
The problem of making the tube an ally and not an enemy can Ballpoint pen Sculptor
be solved by utilizing this resonant frequency. If you apply a Automatic telephone — Undertaker .
force that pushes and pulls on the top of the pile with the Parking meter Journalist
Pneumatic tyre
Long-playing record
Veterinary surgeon
same frequency as the resonant one, you can silently feed in energy
‘Television engineer
in a form which the pile can transmit to its bottom end. This
has useful side effects as the vibration fluidizes the earth
surrounding the pile and greatly reduces the frictional drag.
The energy is tuned, focused and economized.
the Forth bridge the Seworn
Suspension bridge designers thought at first that the major
problem would be the load, and learned by spectacular
experience that it was really the stability.
Unexpected success is no less destructive of the rational view of
corporate activity than is unexpected failure. When the addition
of carbon black turns out to increase the strength of rubber; when
the book-mending tape turns out to have a multiplicity of unex-
pected consumer uses; when the new plastic, designed for a cheaper
molding process, turns out to perform well in a completely dif-
ferent application——the corporate manager can only react with a
wry smile. In ways he did not understand, and was unable to
state before the fact, things have gone well; but what has he
learned that will prepare him to cope with the next time?
Corporate behavior is based on regular, orderly, linear, predictable
processes——the extension of the industrial manufacturing process
itself. How is it to absorb invention?
What used to be stable divisions in our community are no longer
stable:
—the division between education and work, and with it, the view
of the young as learning and the old as established;
—the division between labor and business;
—the old regionalism;
—the old divisions between race and race and class and class;
—the division between the change-oriented outcasts (inventor, poet,
therapist) and the stable society;
—the division between ‘‘good”’ creative private enterprise and “‘evil”
controlling Government.
The call to Revolt has as much appeal as the call to Return. It is an
alternate response to the destruction of the myth of stability. In
effect, it says that the old objectives are hollow and inadequate.
There is oppression, slavery, humiliation, constraint and injustice.
There is no Promised Land in sight. Revolt against these things!
The call to revolt need not produce its own image of a Promised
Land. It takes its image from the present against which it reacts.
It gets its concreteness from the life it refuses to accept and is, in
this sense, a form of conservatism.
\f we cannot be inattentive to change of objectives in our society
and cannot accept the silent calls of return and revolt, what is left?
How do we ever tolerate and stand up to change in objectives?
Filling with
which has an area of 0.75 ft2 gal”! of hot water. A
family of four would need a tank of 80 gal and a
solar absorber of 60 ft2.
or photochemical reactions——
The photo dissociation of iodine (12) molecules into
atoms absorbs most of the visible light of the sun
with a considerable amount of energy which
cannot be retained. It is immediately evolved
as heat during the exposure to light.
! read the book on a Greyhound bus in Texas
two years ago and it has changed my life and
my way of thinking.
[ Reviewed by Steve Baer]
Direct Use of the Sun’s Energy
Farrington Daniels
1964; 374 pp.
$8. 50 postpaid
from:
Yale University Press
149 York Street
New Haven, Conn. 06511
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
cold water. B. Emptying
hot water with suction
syphon. C. Side view,
showing position of end
of hose.
11. World wide distribution of solar energy in hundreds of hours per year. [Adapted with
permission from Solar Energy, cover, 1, no. 1 (1957).)
0. Top cover, clear Mylar
or polyethylene *
b. Black polyethylene
floating on water
¢. Water layer, 2 inches deep
4 inches high, 1 inch thick; three loyers
of plastic sheet, top sheet attoched to
wooden frame; cover frame set over bose
frome
|
\
Figz ut cart wheel .
water bets far 4 4 /
|
Oe
| d. Clear polyethylene floor
4 4
| Wooden frame, 4 x 6 feet; rough lumber Ap
Communications
The Natural Way to Draw
Drawing is a deeper and wider kind of writing. It’s
better communication in many ways than writing,
and it’s much closer to your mind. (The same goes
for music and speech).
The first exercise, which you are about to attempt, is planned
consciously to bring into play your sense of touch and to
coordinate it with your sense of sight for the purpose of
drawing.
Look at the edge of your chair. Then rub your finger against
it many times, sometimes slowly and sometimes quickly.
Compare the idea of the edge which the touch of your finger
gives with the idea you had from merely looking at it. In
this exercise you will try to combine both those experiences
—that of touching with that of simply looking.
This classic work by an outstanding art teacher is
not only the best how-to book on drawing, it is the
best how-to book we’ve seen on any subject.
[Suggested by Roy Sebern]
The Natural Way to Draw
Kimon Nicolaides
1941; 221 pp.
Natural Way
to Draw Houghton co.
Burlington, Mass. 01803
or WHOLE
EARTH
CATALOG
Exercise 1: Contour Drawing
Materials: Use a 3B (medium soft) drawing pencil
with a very fine point (sharpened on sandpaper) and
a piece of cream-colored manila wrapping paper about
fifteen by twenty inches in size. Manila paper usually
comes in large sheets which may be cut into four pieces
of that size. You may use, also, the kind sold as
“shelf paper” provided it is not glazed. Fasten the paper
with large paper clips to a piece of prestwood or a stiff
piece of cardboard. Wear an eyeshade. Do not use an
eraser until you come to Exercise 28.
The job of the teacher, as | see it, is to teach students, not
how to draw, but how to learn to draw.
You SHOULD DRAW, NOT WHAT THE THING LOOKS LIKE, NOT EVEN WHAT
IT 18, BUT WHAT IT 18 DOING. Feel how the figure lifts or droops — pushes
forward here — pulls back there — pushes out here — drops down easily
there. Suppose that the model takes the pose of a fighter with fists clenched
and jaw thrust forward angrily. Try to draw the actual thrust of the jaw,
the clenching of the hand. A drawing of prize fighters should show the
push, from foot to fist, behind their blows that makes them hurt.
In contour drawing you touch the edge of the
Sit close to the model or object which you intend to draw and
lean forward in your chair. Focus your eyes on some point—
any point will do—along the contour of the model. (The
contour approximates what is usually spoken of as the outline
or edge.) Place the point of your pencil on the paper. Imagine
that your pencil point is touching the model instead of the
paper. Without taking your eyes off the model, wait until you
are convinced that the pencil is touching that point on the
model upon which your eyes are fastened.
Then move your eye slowly along the contour of the model and
move the pencil slowly along the paper. As you do this, keep
ie c the conviction that the pencil point is actually touching the
\ contour. Be guided more by the sense of touch than by sight.
ea THIS MEANS THAT YOU MUST DRAW WITHOUT LOOK-
ING AT THE PAPER, continuously looking at the model.
» ome drawing you feel the movement of
F Exactly coordinate the pencil with the eye. Your eye may
be tempted at first to move faster than your pencil, but do
not let it get ahead. Consider only the point that you are
working on at the moment with no regard for any other
THE SOONER YOU MAKE YOUR FIRST FIVE THOUSAND
MISTAKES, THE SOONER YOU WILL BE ABLE TO CORRECT
THEM. part of the figure.
Art and Illusion
So much art criticism is so much a vapid waste of time that
a book like this one is thoroughly a shock. Every page
yields fresh information (did you know that the comic
‘strip was singlehandedly invented by a Swiss gent named
Tépfler in the 1820’s?) and worthwhile hypotheses
about how art and artists gradually teach themselves
energies of effect. Furthermore the book is a bargain—
it has 319 fine illustrations, 18 in color.
\
Art and Illusion
E. H. Gombrich
1960, 1961; 466 pp.
not a woman, this is a picture.”
$5.95 postpaid
from:
Princeton University Press
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
)
But no tradition of art had a deeper understanding of what | have
called the “‘screen’’ than the art of the Far East. Chinese art
theory discusses the power of expressing through absence of
brush and ink. “Figures, even though painted without eyes, must
seem to look; without ears, must seem to listen. . . . There are
things which ten hundred brush-strokes cannot depict but which
can be captured by a few simple strokes if they are right. That
is truly giving expression to the invisible.” [170] The maxim
into which these observations were condensed might serve as
a motto of this chapter: ‘‘i tao pi pu tao—idea present, brush
may be spared performance.”
TWO TYPES OF STUDY. The way to learn to draw is by
drawing. People who make art must not merely know about
it. For an artist, the important thing is not how much he
knows, but how much he can do. A scientist may know all
about aeronautics without being able to handle an airplane.
It is only by flying that he can develop the senses for flying.
If | were asked what one thing more than any other would
teach a student how to draw, | should answer, “’Drawing—
incessantly, furiously, painstakingly drawing.”
Probably you realize already that contour drawing is of the
type which is to be done “painstakingly.” On the other
hand, gesture drawing, which you will begin today, is to be
done “‘furiously.”’ In order to concentrate, one can act
furiously over a short space of time or one can work with
calm determination, quietly, over a long-extended period.
In learning to draw, both kinds of effort are necessary and
the one makes a precise balance for the other. In long studies
you will develop an understanding of the structure of the
model, how it is made—by which | mean something more
fundamental than anatomy alone. In quick studies you will
consider the function of action, life, or expression—|! call
it gesture.
Some students become self-conscious and confused as soon as
they attempt to draw a face. Don’t think of the head or the
face as something different from any other part of the body.
Draw it as you would draw a hand or an elbow or a knee.
Don't try to ‘get a likeness’’ of your model. The tendency
of the beginner is to separate likenesses from drawing, Draw
strangers if you can because you care less what they look
like. Do not draw members of your family—or at least do
not show them your drawings—because their one reaction
will be to look for the likeness. Keep it clearly in mind
that YOU ARE NOT MAKING A PORTRAIT. You are
making a study of a head.
CHANGING THE POINT OF VIEW. It is well known that the
printed or spoken word has a tendency to take on authority
once it is printed or spoken. To get away from it almost
takes a revolution. The same thing is true with your own
drawing. The very mistakes you make, as they linger on
the paper, have this tendency to become authoritative. To
combat it, move about the room during the long pose,
making occasional scribbled drawings. A thing is factually
the same from whatever point of view you see it, but seeing
it from different points of view will illuminate the meaning
of the forms and lines you have been looking at.
Whenever you are uncertain as to how to begin a study
think of the movement.
Only in the realm of dreams has the artist found full freedom
to create. | think the difference is well summed up in the
anecdote about Matisse. When a lady visiting his studio said,
“But surely, the arm of this woman is much too long,”’
artist replied politely, ‘Madame, you are mistaken. This is
202 STEINBERG: From “The
Passport”
Max Friedlander tells the revealing story of the bank official
who insisted that German bank notes should retain a portrait
head in their design. Nothing, he said, was harder for the
forger to imitate than precisely the right expression of these
artistically quite insignificant heads, nor was there a quicker
way of discovering a suspect note than simply observing the
way these faces look at you.
Rabbit or duck?
True, we can switch from one reading to another with increasing
rapidity; we will also ‘‘remember”’ the rabbit while we see the
duck, but the more closely we watch ourselves, the more certainly
we will discover that we cannot experience alternative readings at
the same time. Illusion, we will find, is hard to describe or analyze,
for though we may be intellectually aware of the fact that any given
experience must be an illusion, we cannot, strictly speaking, watch
ourselves having an illusion.
e
SESE
y
4 Studs on the Parcholog of Puterral a
.
=
i
*
The Image
The meaning of a message is the change which it produces in
the image. ~
This book is by an economist enchanted with cybernetics.
He’s after the organizing principle in life, the image that
everything comes together through. He scarcely mentions
the brain, and he’s right. It ain’t the brain.
[Suggested by Martha Neufeld]
Between the incoming and outgoing messages lies the great inter-
vening variable of the image. The outgoing messages are the result
of the image, not the result of the incoming messages. The in-
coming messages only modify the outgoing messages as they suc-
ceed in modifying the image.
| have never been to Australia. In my image of the world, however,
it exists with 100 per cent certainty. If | sailed to the place where
the map makers tell me it is and found nothing there but ocean |
would be the most surprised man in the world. | hold to this part
of my image with certainty, however, purely on authority. | have
been to many other places which | have found on the map and |
have almost always found them there. It is interesting to inquire
what gives the map this extraordinary authority, an authority
greater than that of the sacred books of all religions. It is not an
authority which is derived from any political power or from any
charismatic experience. As far as | know it is not acrime against
the state nor against religion to show a map that has mistakes in
it. There is, however, a process of feedback from the users of maps
to the map maker.
There is a strong tendency for authoritarian organizations to use
violence or the threat of violence in support of the role structure,
that is, in order to gain acceptance of the role on the part of the
persons occupying the lower role. For a time this may be suc-
cessful in maintaining the organization. It is usually, however,
self-defeating because of the corruption of the communication
system which it entails. The case is somewhat analogous to that
of the schizophrenic or the extreme paranoid. His sense receptors
The Image from:
Kenneth E. Boulding The University of Michigan Press
1956; 175 pp. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
$1.75 postpaid or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Foundations of Modern Art
Full of pronouncements to make you urp (“There are
only three billion seconds in a century. Art? To make us
forget it’). This 1931 work still serves by odd illumination.
Every third pronouncement or so scratches an itch you didn’t
know you had. The pictures (226 of them) are splendidly
peculiar——battleships, native masks, a survey of military
formations, a fat lady, cubist paintings, an ancient Egyptian
with glasses. | don’t know if the book has much to do with
art: it has plenty to do with the tension of environment
and anti-environment.
[Suggested by Frederick Ted Castle]
Foundations of Modern Art
Ozenfant, Trans. by John Rodker
1952; 347 pp.
$2.50 postpaid from:
Dover Publications, Inc.
180 Varick Street
New York, N. Y. 10014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Negress seeing herself for the First Time in a Good Mirror.
are so much “‘afraid’’ of him that they merely confirm the products
of his heated imagination. The terrorized information sources of
the tyrant likewise tell him only what they think will be pleasing
to his ears. Organizations as well as individuals can suffer from
hallucinations. |t is the peculiar disease of authoritarian structures.
Great individuals have always been rare.. The history of Art is a few
names only. The masters were those who said something new in
their time. At first a nuisance, they succeeded later in inoculating
the public with their own special needs, which eventually became
everyone's heritage. The schools are the product of the paraphrasers
whose affiliations, branches, colonies, and large-scale production
exploit the ‘‘market’’ created by the masters. Thus even the Renais-
sance had a few great painters and crowds of lesser men. Yet schools
have their uses, for they help to get the master accepted by toning
him down, and when they exaggerate him they end by boring every-
body, and thus deliver society from his tyranny.
The early youth of a man marked out for greatness reveals his
later quality. His middle age is often characterised by work that is
not truly representative, for self-criticism often obscures his natural
virtues. Often works of this period, when technically he is most
accomplished, mirror a malaise due to the fact that his intellect
has not yet established full harmony with his instincts. The greatest
works of art are those produced in the fifties. By then the master
has drawn from his intellect all it can give, and is reaping the reward
of his experiments. He discovers or rediscovers his own well-springs.
Michael Angelo, Tintoretto, Renoir, Cezanne.
The spring of the
set
at all
Proud mouldings of Doric cornices! This valve is proud!
At the other extreme, democratic structures in which there is no
adequate leadership, that is, in which the feedback is destructive
of the decision-making process on the part of higher roles are like-
wise unstable and incapable of maintaining themselves. If discus
sion is to be a successful process of decision-making it must exhibit
a degree of convergence toward common images of the whole organ-
ization. If the feedback from the followers destroys the image of
the leader instead of merely modifying it, the process is likely to
be self-defeating.
The image acts as a field. The behavior consists in gravitating
toward the most highly valued part of the field. It does not
follow from this, however, that the consequences of behavior
are in conformity with the image which produced them. Dis
appointment and surprise are a common lot of both organisms
and organizations. We behave according to some image of the
consequences of our acts. When, however, these consequences
are reflected in information fed back to us, we find very often
that feedback does not confirm the original image. Under these
circumstances, as we have seen, the image may be modified or
it may not.
In tracing the effect of images on the course of history, peculiar
attention must be paid to the images of time and especially the
images of the future. Curiously enough, it may not be so much
the actual content of the image of the future which is important
in its effect, but its general quality of optimism or pessimism,
certainty or uncertainty, breadth or narrowness. The person or
the nation that has a date with destiny goes somewhere, though not
usually to the address on the label. The individual or the nation
which has no sense of direction in time, no sense of a clear future
ahead is likely to be vacillating, uncertain in behavior, and to have
a poor chance of surviving. Those images of the future which are
most persistent and which have had the greatest impact on human
history seem to be those which are impenetrable to feedback and
which maintain themselves by their own internal beauty and
consistency.
The American Customs lately brought suit against Brancusi. They
claimed that, in order to avoid the duty payable on raw materials,
he had made a false declaration by designating his bronzes as works
of art. One of the arguments used by the Customs officials was:
“'M. Brancusi claims that this object represents a bird. If you met
such a bird out shooting, would you fire?”
- SUSPENSE
Our mind always ines to organize what appears unorganized or not organ-
ized enough. It also trics to resolve the discontinuous in continuous. Our
mind tends to complete the incomplete or interrupted forms. We feel first
suspense, then satisfaction of completion. (Phenomenon much in use in music.)
Electric Spark
What else is barbarism but an incapacity for distinguishing excel-
lence? —Goethe
To imitate something is merely to stuff it.
\
Mas
THE IMAGE <a
=
ven ‘
ay
*
_ VISION & VALUE series
Design! Prestige! $75!
Some years ago Gyorgy Kepes revolutionized the Design
industry with a book called The New Landscape, i//ustrating
the convergence of the scientific and artistic imagery. Since
then he’s been compiling a deep series of latest thought on
motion, image, structure, symbol, module, so forth. It’s a
casket of jewels, some glass but pretty, some valuable gem-
stone.
[Suggested by Len Fehskens]
t Man. Marte
Education of Vision 1965; 233 pp. $12.50 postpaid
Structure in Art and in Science 1965; 189 pp. $12.50 postpaid
The Nature and Art of Motion 1965; 195 pp. $12.50 postpaid
In the Eskimo language, little distinction is made between nouns
and verbs, but rather all words are forms of the verb “‘to be,” which
is itself lacking in Eskimo. That is, all words proclaim in them-
selves their own existence. Eskimo is not a nominal language; it
does not simply name things which already exist, but rather brings
both things and actions (nouns and verbs) into being as it goes along.
This idea is reflected in the practice of naming a child at birth:
when the mother is in labor, an old woman stands around and says
as many different eligible names as she can think of. The child
Module Proportion Symmetry Rhythm 1566; 233 pp. $12.50 ppa comes out of the womb when its own name is called. Thus the
The Man-Made Object 1966; 230 pp. $12.50 postpaid
Sign Image Symbol 1966; 281 pp. $12.50 postpaid
VISION & VALUE series $75.00 postpaid
from:
George Braziller
1 Park Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016
naming and the giving birth to the new thing are inextricably
bound together. .. .
_ The Eskimo language contains no first-person pronoun, which in
upper case, an honor other-
wise restricted to gods and kings. Eskimo does provide a suffix to
indicate participation of self in experience, but generally Eskimos
“One has driven
his spear into a walrus.” Yet, despite the absence of individualism
English is so important we make
avoid even this, and use an impersonal pronoun:
in our sense, there is often spectacular achievement, and though
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG there is no “I,” there is great dignity.
Edmund Carpenter-
$10.08 each from Blackwell's (see p. 79) Sign Image Symbol
Intelligent Life in the Universe
Methodically biow your mind. The information in this book,
mutually massaged by the American and Soviet co-authors,
proceeds from superb introductions to evolutionary astronomy
and biology, through a complete presentation of recent
discoveries of astronomy and space science, to brilliant
speculation on the parameters of inter-civilization communi-
cation. It’s the best general astronomy book of recent years
but that’s nothing next to its impact on all the biggest
questions we know.
Almost any other of the many accounts of alleged contacts of human
beings with the crews of flying saucers——accounts which regale the
flying saucer societies——follow the same pattern and stress the same
points. The extraterrestrials are human, with few even minor physical
differences from local cosmetic standards. (I know of no case of Negro
saucerians, or Oriental saucerians, reported in the United States; but
there are very few flying saucer reports made in this country by
Negroes or by Orientals.)
Intelligent Life in the Universe
|. S. Shklovskii and Carl Sagan
1966; 509 pp.
$2.95 postpaid
from:
Delta Books
c/o Montville Warehousing Co., Inc
Changebridge Rd.
Pine Brook, N. J. 07058
900 Pratt Boulevard
Elk Grove Village, 60007
1104 S. Lawrence Street
Los Angeles, CA 90021
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Anisotropic periodic network computing
the property “right edge”’ and the property
“right edge moving right.”
Since associations gained from experience are excluded, one must
assume that this audio-visual correspondence rests upon the fabric
without which experience cannot be gained. The structure of this
fabric must permit some cross-talk between the senses, not only in
terms of associations, but also in terms of integration. If this
structure permits the ear to witness what the eye sees and the eye
to witness what the ear hears then there is ‘’together-knowledge,”’
there is con-scientia.
In which sense reality indeed exists for a self-
reflecting organism will become clear by the
argument that defeats the solipsistic hypo-
thesis. This arguments proceeds by reduc tio
ad absurdum of the thesis: this world is
only in my imagination; the only reality is & :
the imagining
Assume for the moment that the gentleman
in the bowler hat insists that he is the sole
reality, while everything else appears only
in his imagination. However, he cannot
deny that his imaginary universe is populated
with apparitions that are not untike himself.
Hence he has to grant them the privilege,
that they themselves may insist that they are
the sole reality and everything else is only a
concoction of their imaginations. On the
other hand, they cannot deny that their fan-
tasies are populated by apparitions that are
not unlike themselves, one of which may be he, the gentieman with
the bowler hat.
With this the circle of contradiction is closed, for if one assumes to
be the sole reality, it turns out he is the imagination of someone
else who, in turn, insists that he is the sole reality.
The resolution of this paradox establishes the reality of environment
through evidence of a second observer. Reality is that which can be
witnessed; hence, rests on knowledge that can be shared, that is,
“together-knowledge,”’ or con-scientia.
Heinz Von Foerster
Sign Image Symbol
]
With 10"! stars in our Galaxy and 109 other
galaxies, there are at least 1020 Stars in the
universe. Most of them, as we shall see in
subsequent chapters, may be a
by solar systems. If there are 1029
an ms in the universe, and the universe is
years old——and if, further, solar systems
aa formed roughly uniformly in time——
then one cola system is formed every 10—
yr= 3x 10° ~ seconds. On the average, a
million solar systems are formed in the
universe each hour.
planet with
The existence of more than one universe
is impossible, by definition.
“Well, ladies and gentlemen, Struve
concluded, “it was pretty dull on
Epsilon Eridani and Tau Ceti eleven
years ago.”
So, by an interesting coincidence, the distances between the stars
in interstellar space, relative to their diameters, are just about the
same as the distances between the atoms and molecules in inter-
stellar space, relative to their diameters. Interstellar space is as
empty as a cubical building, 60 miles long, 60 miles wide, and 60
miles high, containing a single grain of sand.
Taken at face value, the legend suggests that contact occurred between
human beings and a non-human civilization of immense powers on the
shores of the Persian Gulf, perhaps near the site of the ancient Sumerian
city of Eridu, and in the fourth millenium B.C. or earlier. There are
three different but cross-referenced accounts of the Apkallu dating
from classical times.
But how can a natural satellite have such a low density? The material
of which it is made must have a certain amount of rigidity, so that
cohesive forces will be stronger than the gravitational
Mars, which will tend to disrupt the satellite. Such rigidity would
ordinarily exclude densities below about 0.1 gm cm”
one possibility remains. Could Phobos be indeed rigid, on the outside—
but hollow in the inside? A natural satellite cannot be a hollow object.
Therefore, we are led to the possibility that Phobos—and possibly ey) |
Deimos as well—may be artificial satellites of Mars.
e
Radio astronomers may be interested to know that the so-called
some hundreds of millions of degrees. This is 100 times greater than
the radio brightness of the sun at comparable wavelengths,
period of low sunspot activity.
during a
V An advanced technical civilization is trying to communicate with us. But
how can we possibly understand what they are saying? They are not likely to speak
English or Russian. They have had a different evolutionary history. They are on a
perhaps an entirely different physical environment.
Ficure 30-1. A hypothetical interstellar message due to Frank Drake. The 551 zeros
and ones are representations of the two varieties of signals contained in the message. The
problem is to convert this sequence of 551 symbols into an intelligible message, knowing that
there has been no previous communication between the transmitting and receiving civilizations.
11110000101001000011001000000010000010100
10000011001011001111000001100001101000000
00100000100001000010001010100001000000000
00000000001000100000000001011000000000000
00000001000111011010110101000000000000000
00001001000011101010101000000000101010101
00000000011101010101110101100000001000000
00000000000100000000000001000100111111000
00111010000010110000011100000001000000000
10000000010000000111110000001011000101110
10000000110010111110101111100010011111001
00000000000111110000001011000111111100000
10000011000001100001000011000000011000101
001000111100101111
1. decode this +
2. into this >
tidal forces of
. Thus, only
3. now decode this for physiological,
astronomical, chemical, mathematical,
social, historical, and linguistic information
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*
The Story of Language
We are ensorcelled by language. | am coming to believe
that halting the all-too-unified construction of the Tower
of Babel by dispersing the communication system was a
good idea. Pluralism may be a nuisance, but juggernaut
unanimity is a curse. One escape from the bonds of one’s er RES Saw, ~
own language is excursion into another, or into very vari-
ousness of language usages, as this book encourages——it’s
a good, richly exampled trip. [Another escape is silence. ]
Very close to the spoken language is also the whistling language
used by the natives of Gomera, in the Canary Islands, who com-
municate by means of it over very long distances (some say six
miles); it seems established, however, that this whistling language
is based on Spanish rhythms and pitch. A similar type of whistling
language is employed by the natives of Kusnoy, a village in Turkey.
The sounds are described as formed with tongue curled around the
teeth and lips not puckered but tensely drawn, with the palm of the
left hand cupped around the mouth, and high pressure applied from
the lungs. The villagers are said to speak, argue, and even woo in
whistles.
There are in existence only thir-
teen languages with 50 million or
more speakers. They are, in order
of numerical importance, Chinese,
English, Hindustani, Russian,
. Spanish, German, Japanese, Arabic,
Hoboes and gypsies have a way of carving symbolic messages on the Bengali, Portuguese, Malay, French,
bark of trees, or scratching them on rocks, for the benefit of their and Italian. The roughly approx-
[Suggested by Herb Childs] fellows who may follow. A pair of spectacles, in gypsy symbolism, imate figures, which include non-
means “Beware! Danger and trouble here!”’; but a small circle native as well as native speakers,
The Story of Language inside a larger one spells out “Very kind people. Don't impose on are as follows:
Mario Pei them.” Chinese 700,000,000
1949, 1965; 508 pp. © English 350,000,000
$1.25 postpaid Perhaps the phonetic system of writing is not the acme of perfection Russian 200,000,000
after all. There is at least a talking point in the arguments of those Spanish 160,000,000
from: who advocate that we go back to the picto-ideographic systems of German 100,000,000
The New American Library, Inc. our remote ancestors or simply adopt the ideographic writing of the Japanese 100,000,000
1301 Avenue of the Americas Chinese. At least all the peoples of the earth, regardless of their Arabic 90,000,000
New York, N. Y. 10019 spoken tongues, would understand one another in writing. F Bengali 90,000,000
Portuguese 85,000,000
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG : Malay 80,000,000
Economic relations depend on numerals to a greater ex tent perhaps French 80,000,000
than on any other factor. It therefore does not surprise linguists to Italian 65,000,000
find that numerals are among the oldest and best-defined words
indicating connections among the languages of a given family. A
The use of Indian sign language for international purposes has word indicative of a given numeral (say ‘’four,”’ or ‘‘ten,”’ or ““‘hun-
repeatedly been advocated. Sir Richard Paget and the American dred’’) can usually be traced without difficulty through all or most
Tourist Association, in recent times, have both advanced the pos- of the languages of a given group. It is as little subject to borrowing
sibility of ‘“handage’’ to replace language. as are names of family relationship.
e
Technicians of the Sacred Hy
These are songs from the center, from the middle. 3 Of
(The cortex of humanity is convoluted, each fold HH Morgan’s Tarot
patriotic, distinct on the outside, connected in the 3: :
one es
middle.) Sup erb editing by Rothenberg. A book 8 Just as we were glad to see a guy invent a new language
to take with you. # © (aU/——see Fall 69 CATALOG), we are delighted by this
ss thoroughly practical tarot deck based on traditions dating
HH back nearly eight years. Two years from now it will be
ss unusable. Twenty years from now it will be as venerable
4 as the medieval Tarot, if anybody notices. The main
ss limitation | see with tarot cards, astrology, any language,
: is that the systems close on themselves. They offer no
=: exit, except finally an attenuated exhaustion, frustration,
ss possible cause to bust out. Some systems are more open,
rH more immediately and fractionally self-frustrating——
science; evolution; human life... and the market, where
—tthese cards are for sale. Dott worry |
Morgan’s Tarot
$3.50 postpaid
from:
Morgan's Tarot
Boulder Creek, CA 95006
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
sl“
What are you saying to me & am I
in-my-senses?
Aut Lives, Att Dances, & Att Is Loup
The fish does . . . HIP
The bird does . . . VISS
The marmot does . . . GNAN
I throw mysclf to the left,
I turn mysclf to the right,
Technicians of the Sacred from
ed. Jerome Rothenberg Doubleday & Co. (Ojibwa)
1968; 521 pp. 501 Franklin I act the fish,
$3.95 postpaid Which darts in the water, which darts
Which twists about, which le
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG An Eskimo Poem against Death All lives, all dances, & all is loud.
: The fish does .. . HIP
I watched the white dogs of the dawn. 7" eh dows.
The marmot does . . . GNAN
Hd
There is no one; there are no people. It is
a
the blue, overhanging (Easter Island)
answers me back 1 am still carving an ironwood stick.
1 am still thinking about it.
—Wabezic
(Ojibwa)
(Bantu)
I am using my heart
(Ojibwa)
PRIMITIVE MEANS COMPLEX
That there are no primitive languages is an axiom
of contemporary linguistics where it turns its
attention to the remote languages of the world.
There are no half-formed languages, no under-
developed or inferior languages. Everywhere a
development has taken place into structures of
great complexity. People who have failed to
achieve the wheel will not have failed to invent
& develop a highly wrought grammar. Hunters
& gatherers innocent of all agriculture will have
vocabularies that distinguish the things of their
world down to the finest details. The language
of snow among Eskimos is awesome. The aspect
system of Hopi verbs can, by a flick of the tongue,
make the most subtle kinds of distinction between
different types of motion.
desolate; it lies desolate. There is nothing
edible. Misery abounds, misery emerges,
misery spreads. There is no joy, no pleasure.
It lies sprouting; herbs lie sprouting;
nothing lies emerging; the earth is pressed
down. All die of thirst. The grasses lie
sprouting. Nothing lies cast about. There
is hunger; all hunger. It is the home of
hunger; there is death from hunger. All! die
of cold; there is freezing; there is trembling;
there is the clattering, the chattering of
teeth. There are cramps, the stiffening of
the body, the constant stiffening, the
stretching out prone.
(Aztec)
the odor of death
I discern the odor of death
in front of my body
—Namebines
(Ojibwa)
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—Red Corn
(Osage)
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- An Introduction to Cybernetics
We are migrating from a world governed primarily by the
laws of thermodynamics to a world governed primarily by
cybernetics——a weightiess world (Fuller says ““metaphys-
ical’) whose events are the impinging of information on
information, whose basis is survival and direction is growth.
Thought, society, economics, media, evolution
The two main entries to understanding in this realm are
Norbert Wiener (see Fall 69 CATALOG) and Ashby.
Wiener’s books are wider, more inspiring. Ashby is more
thorough.
[Suggested by Dave Evans]
An Introduction to Cybernetics
W. Ross Ashby
1958; 295 pp.
$3.25 postpaid
from:
Barnes & Noble, Inc.
105 Fifth Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10003
*
Basic Graphics
Comprehensive treatment of design graphics——tools,
geometry, projection, graphs etc.——with good updating
on use of computer graphics.
Basic Graphics
Warren J. Luzadder
1957, 1962, 1968; 641 pp.
$10. 95 postpaid
from:
Prentice Hall, Inc.
Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 07632
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
BASIC
GRAPHICS
eC
Thus there exist-factors, such-as “height of threshold’ or ‘‘pro-
portion of variables constant’, which can vary a large system con-
tinuously along the whole range that has at one end the totally-
joined form, in which every variable has an immediate effect on
every other variable, and at the other end the totally-unjoined form,
in which every variable is independent of every other. Systems can
thus show more or less of ““wholeness’’.
This earth contained carbon and other necessary elements, and it is
a fact that many combinations of carbon, nitrogen, and a few others
are self-reproducing. It follows that though the state of “‘being
lifeless’ is almost a state of equilibrium, yet this equilibrium is
unstable, a single deviation from it being sufficient to start a
trajectory that deviates more and more from the “‘lifeless’’ state.
What we see today in the biological world are these ‘’autocata-
lytic’’ processes showing all the peculiarities that have been
imposed on them by two thousand million years of elimination
of those forms that cannot survive.
The organisms we see teday are deeply marked by the selective
action of two thousand million years’ attrition. Any form in any
way defective in its power of survival has been eliminated; and
today the features of almost every form bear the marks of being
adapted to ensure survival rather than any other possible outcome.
Eyes, roots, cilia, shells and claws are so fashioned as to maximise
the chance of survival. And when we study the brain we are again
studying a means to survival.
Information
“Systems Analysis and Programming’’,
Intelligence”.
|
instantly and absolutely.
GUIDING TRIANGLE
To draw a line parallel \
to a given line. c 5
Bisector of Chord
Fig. 4.21. To find the center of a circle through
three points.
Fig. 4.49. To construct a curve of parabolic form.
The September 1966 issue of Scientific American was
devoted entirely to the new technology of information. Now
available as a paperbound book, it is the best introduction
we’ve seen to computer science. Articles include: “Computer
Logic and Memory”, “Computer Inputs and Outputs”,
Time-sharing on
Computers”, Transmission of Computer Data”,
Uses of Computers in Technology”, “The Uses of Computers
in Organizations”, “‘The Uses of Computers in Education”,
“Information Storage and Retrieval’’, and “Artificial
Information from: I eae
1966; 218 pp. W.H. Freeman & Company
660 Market Street nyorma tion
$2.50 postpaid San Francisco, CA 94104
x or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The computer is almost exactly what man is not. It is capable of
Paying undivided attention to unlimited detail; it is immune to
distraction, precise and reliable; it can carry out the most intricate
and lengthy calculation with ease, without a flaw and in much less
than a millionth of the time that would be required by its human
counterpart. it is emotionless,or so we suppose. It suffers neither
boredom nor fatique. It needs to be told only once; thereafter it
remembers perfectly until it is told to forget, whereupon it forgets
One way-of blocking the flow (from the source of disturbance D
to the essential variable E) is to interpose something that acts as a
simple passive block to the disturbances. Such is the tortoise’s
shell, which reduces a variety of impacts, blows, bites, etc. toa
negligible disturbance of the sensitive tissues within. In the same
class are the tree’s bark, the seal’s coat of blubber, and the human
skull.
At the other extreme from this static defence is the defence by
skilled counter-action——the defence that gets information about
the disturbance to come, prepares for its arrival, and then meets the
disturbance, which may be complex and mobile, with a defence that
is equally complex and mobile. This is the defence of the fencer, in
some deadly duel, who wears no armour and who trusts to his skill
in parrying. This is the defence used mostly by the higher organisms,
who have developed a nervous system precisely for the carrying out
of this method.
What is an amplifier? An amplifier, in general, is a device that, if
given a little of something, will emit a lot of it. A sound-amplifier,
if given a little sound (into a microphone) will emit a lot of sound.
And a money-amplifier would be a device that, if given a little
money, would emit a lot. °
Such devices work by having available a generous reservoir of
what is to be emitted, and then using the input to act as
controller to the flow from the reservoir.
AMERICAS
A comprehensive of the
C=A-B] A 8 c C=A+B] A 8 c B-Kla 8
1 1 1 0
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 0 ° 1 0 1
Simulated waterfall spills over the edge of a cliff and splashes into a
pool in this computer experiment performed by John P. Shannon at
the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory as part of a study of dynamic
behavior of fluids with the aid of numerical models.
sess
One can not ignore the fact that graphics now serves as a language
for communication between man and computer.
*
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The Machinery of the Brain
Bary of corpus catlosum
Some is known about the brain, but not much. Woolridge’s ‘
pook is the best intro to the subject we've seen. For richer
detail, get Pribram’s two-volume Brain and Behavior (each nd
volume $2.95 from Penguin, 7110 Ambassador Rd., pe
Baltimore, Md. 21207).
J Cerebellum
Antenor bobe of hypoph ysis
Spinal cord Posterior lobe of hypophysis
- The Machinery of the Brain
Dean E. Wooldridge
1963; 252 pp.
$1.95 postpaid
from:
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
The Machinery
of the Brain
Manchester Road ~
Manchester, Mo. 63062 =
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE
EARTH
CATALOG
*
Brains, Machines and Mathematics
cation theory, Gédel’s incompleteness theorem, and
toward a “biological mathematics”. The answer is not
far; this is a tidy survey of how far we aren’t.
[Suggested by Dave Evans]
Brains, Machines and Mathematics
Michael A. Arbib
1964; 152 pp.
$1 .95 postpaid
from:
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
B Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Dream Psychology
Take the theoretical-neuron work of McCulloch & Pitts,
the Perceptron, von Neumann and Shannon’s communi-
Wiener’s cybernetics. Blend, and see how far along we are
In these pages we coerce what is essentially still the mathematics of
the physicist to help our slowly dawning comprehension of the
brain and its electromechanical analogs. It is probable that the dim
beginnings of biological mathematics here discernible will one day
happily bloom into new and exciting systems of pure mathematics.
Brains,Machines
andMathematics
Michae! A
The optical mapping system of the human brain is of special interest
and importance. Through the more than one million fibers of the
optic nerve of each eye, the pattern of light and dark formed by the
lens on the retina is transmitted to a specific set of neurons in the
occipital lobes of the cortex. Although the picture that is produced
by the pattern of voltages reaching these positions at the extreme back
of the head is a highly distorted one, topological continuity is pre-
served, in the sense that adjacent points in the retina are represented
by adjacent positions on the cortex. The application of an electric
stimulus to any of these cortical points causes the subject to see
flashes of light at the corresponding point of his field of view.
Similarly, the illumination of the retina by a single bright spot of
light results in the arrival of the usual train of voltage pulses at the
corresponding spot of the visual cortex.
Experiments have been reported with a six-month-old baby to deter-
mine how many trials would be necessary to condition it against
reaching out to touch the flame of a lighted candle. (The experi-
ment of course was so arranged as to block the child's hand each
time before injury was sustained.) The number of trials required was
the same as for training the earthworm, approximately 150!
If monotonously repetitive stimuli are provided, such as a regular
series of clicks or staccato tones, the nonspecific-brain-potential
measurements will display the property of habituation: the pulse
of brain potential induced by each audible stimulus will, with
continuing repetition, gradually diminish and ultimately disappear.
If we consider these nonspecific brain potentials as being somehow
related to the degree of attention the subject is paying to the
stimulus, their gradual decline correlates nicely with subjective
experience: noises that initially interfere with concentration or
keep us awake may ultimately recede into the background of our
consciousness and lose their effectiveness if they are monotonous
and repetitive in character. Such habituation must be regarded as
another basic form of learning. It is in effect a kind of negative
learning, perhaps antonymous to the essentially positive learning
of conditioned responses. Habituation is found throughout the
animal scale, from protozoa to man. The indication is that, as in
the case of learning by conditioning, habituation derives from
some fundamental property of nerve tissue and does not neces-
sarily require special complex neuronal circuits.
If subsequent work confirms the preliminary indications that pleasure
and pain centers occur together, it will be interesting to learn what
kind of pleasure is the negative of what kind of pain, in electrical
neuronal terms.
Dit
Associator Ri
units units
Retina of sensory units
Figure 2.5 Schematic of a perceptron.
Reinforcement rules: There seems a great deal of evidence that
humans have two kinds of memories——‘‘short-term” and “long
term.” It further appears that we have to retain an idea for quite
a while in short-term memory before it is transferred into long-
term memory. The time taken for this transfer has been variously
estimated——one estimate is 20 minutes. It appears that if someone
goes into coma, his memories of the 20 minutes or so prior to
this are lost forever, i.e., they were not transferred to his long-
term memory. It is now commonly believed that short-term
memory is precisely that type of memory we gave our modular
net——the passage of complicated patterns of electrical impulses
through the net. It appears, then, that if such transient activity
persists long enough it actually changes the net.
The Perceptron group has had three main modes of investigation:
mathematical analysis, simulation on a digital computer, and
construction of an actual machine. Each method has its own
advantages. One important result of using an actual machine is
that it has been found that neither precision nor reliability of
the components is important, and the connections need not be
precise.
Another interesting result is that the perceptron can “learn”
despite trainer error.
A dream is an evocation, not an event. Let me be bold enough to
discuss the dream in terms which await experimental verification.
As | see it, the dream reflects a function rather than serving one;
passes through awareness as a resu/t of biological energetics or
The latest word from a diverse group of psychiatrists and
psychologists on the science of dreams and dreaming. The
book is a symposium report and has that sort of closed-in
inter-professional tone and language. Scientists talking to
scientists about studies about dreams. A good reference,
probably a very complete one, on what we know about
the phenomenon of dreaming. Ter-ri-bly an-a-ly-ti-cal.
[Reviewed by Diana Shugart]
Dream Psychology
and the New
Dream Psychology
and the New Biology of Dreaming
Milton Kramer, M.D., ed.
1969; 459 pp.
$17.00 postpaid
MILTON 4D.
from:
Charles C. Thomas, Publisher
301-327 East Lawrence Avenue
Springfield, Illinois 62703
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Biology of Dreaming
“work,” rather than doing ‘‘work”’ itself; is an effect rather than a
cause of the ninety-minute cycle——which itself reflects a homeo-
static mechanism that subserves the requirement for safely providing
the organism sufficient periods of restorative sleep to insure sur-
vival. Thus in my view, the dream does not exist in order to provide
an outlet for the discharge of primary-process or instinctual energy;
rather it represents an epiphenomenon of that fundamental period-
icity, as yet poorly understood, which perhaps is basic not only to
the maintenance of sleep during the night but also to the maintenance
of alertness during the day——a periodicity with feedback character-
istics being the stuff of which all homeostatic mechanisms are made.
Despite the temptation to do so, we shall not be likely to unravel the
basis for this periodicity until the precise nature of the sleep require-
ment itself is defined.
With due regard for methodological considerations, which are
recounted along with other experimental details in our already-
cited research report, we compared 120 home dreams from twelve
male subjects with the same number of their laboratory dreams
drawn equally from the first three REM periods of the night.
These two sets of dreams were scored, with minor changes and
additions, by means of the first versions of the later-to-be-refined 3
Hall-Van de Castle scales. The major finding was that there were -
more sexuality and misfortunes-aggressions in the home dreams.
Laboratory dreams, on the other hand, had more characters, more
elements such as writing material and money that seemed to be
related to the experiment, and more bizarre elements. One other
interesting finding, in light of the necessity to explain these dif-
ferences, was that dreamers were more likely to be involved in
aggressive interactions in home dreams while in laboratory dreams
they were more likely merely to witness aggressive interactions.
It is my opinion that some nightdreams have the
same purpose as some daydreams; namely, to
provide some entertainment for oneself, and |
suspect that dreams are not as involuntary as
Dr. Uliman seems to say. | can recall, as a small
child, how curious and fascinating | found my own
dreams and how | looked forward to having them.
Dreaming seemed so much more pleasant than
spending the whole night doing nothing.
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American Cinematographer
Accurate, specific information on what’s new in equipment,
techniques, standards, and the attitudes of technicians using
them. Also gossip and news about who’s doing what where.
Covers all aspects of professional filmaking from Hollywood
Super Panavision 70mm to 8mm educational loops.
The ads, fully as important as the text, are mouthwatering
for those with an appetite for Eclairs and such.
If you read it regularly you'll never need Baddeley—you ‘ll
know how it’s really done. Often the information is
directly and simply usable; sometimes it stimulates visions
of the super-cinema of the future. When in school | ‘
consulted back issues for a psychology paper on perception.
The articles are really interesting and, best of all, there is
no film criticism so you avoid all those negative emotions..
[Suggested by Gordon Ashby
Reviewed by Sandra Tcherepnin]
American Cinematographer
$6.00 for one year (monthly)
from:
American Cinematographer
1782 North Orange Drive
Hollywood, California
90028
from Hollywood, and has no competitors.
American Cinematographer Manual
Joseph V. Mascelli, A.S.C., ed.
| newest edition 1969; approx. 600 pp.
| $15.00 postpaid
from:
| P.O. Box 2230
| Hollywood, California 90028
|
| or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
More than 600 pocket-size pages of
concise, practical, informative text,
tables, charts, diagrams, drawings
and listings of all the latest. produc-
tion equipment and filming tech-
niques in use today!
Key word printed on the edge of
every right-handed page provides
INSTANT INDEX .for quickly lorating
desired data!
*
Superior Bulk Film
A reliable mail order service (& store) for 8 mm & 16mm
film, processing, equipment for home processing labs, &
most equipment & supplies for amateur filmmakers who
desire control & versatility at low-cost. Their film &
processing package deals are as cheap or cheaper than any
I’ve seen, probably more reliable than most. Also have
excellent specials frequently. Discontinued film stocks,
spliced reels, etc.——check it out! Good catalog available,
newsheets rundown specials, new stuff, changes, etc. This
place isn’t one of these Jumbo-Junk Filmailer houses.
[Suggested and reviewed by Bruce Schmiechen]
Catalog
Free
from:
Superior Bulk Film Co.
442-450 N. Wells Street
Chicago, III. 60610 ‘
The American Cinematographer Manual =
Introduced at the recent 106th
SMPTE Conference in Los An-
geles, the brand new MINI-PRO
by ColorTran proceedéd to
create its own minisensation as
“the first professional battery-
operated or 110-volt portable
‘quartz’ light.”
The idea of a lamp that can be
operated either off of a battery-
pack or line current is a conver-
sation piece in itself, since
there exists no other light on
the market with such versatility.
However, this capability accounts
for only one of the MINI-PRO’s
unique features.
Calvin's Camera Department has been experimenting
with some exciting front screen projection materials
and techniques lately. We've learned some things
that might interest producers who—
a. have limited studio space
b. are working on low budget productions
c. need to get worldwide locations into a film,
but have those locations only on 35mm
slides
d. want quality that is hard to get with rear-
screen projection.
We've concluded that we can do a better job cheaper
using 3M Scotch-lite retro-reflective screen material
(#7610) and shooting from out front. . . than we
can with the rear-screen method.
Behrend’s Book
One disadvantage of mail order is that you
don’t get to rap with the clerk and find out
how to use the thing you‘re buying. That
disadvantage is somewhat overcome in this
catalog of film equipment (sales and rental).
They explain matters more than is usua/ with)
remote merchants.
Behrend’s Book
1969; 108 pp.
free
from:
Behrend’s Incorporated
161 East Grand Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60611
TALENT
Harrison adjusts Animac computer, while Jones goes through a series of movements
which he can watch an animated character duplicate exactly on the cathode tube.
2. Moving one step and several hundred dollars
up, we come to the production camera. This
camera is best typified by the Arriflex and Eclair.
Both have registration pin movements to assure
rock-steady image quality. Both are widely
adaptable, by means of accessories, to cope with
varying assignments.
in cameras of this type, you will always find
electric motor drives, usually interchangeable,
to allow an extraordinary range of speeds and
applications.
Also, cameras of this type have interchangeable
magazines, so the film maker can shoot
whatever emuision he chooses, switching as
the need occurs, without inconvenience.
Take One
Here’s a not-bad film criticism magazine.
/t talks to directors.
Take One
$3.00 /12 issues (bi-monthly)
hee
from:
Unicorn Publishing Corp.
Post Office Box 1778
Station B
Montreal 110
CANADA
E ONE
computers as amplifiers of human imagination . . . graphic display
systems using “‘light pens” . . . at which the artist can draw, ask the
machine to rotate his drawing, (move it in many ways) . . . and put it
on film...simultaneously making an electronic sound track...
animation of drawings of great detail done in minutes . . . computer
sensing systems that study the eye’s movement over research material
and when the eye rests on an image, the image automatically enlarges;
if the eye rests for.a longer time on the same material, the image
changes... (imagine a french lesson on an electronic page full of
words that are going by rapidly. you are reading from a display scope
or tv screen. if a word is doubtful to you, by looking at it for three
seconds it will enlarge itself above the other words; if you are still
looking at it three seconds later, it will automatically change into
English ... )
JM: Would you like to have a contract that gave you the final cut?
SP: I don't think I need one. I don’t make a picture by myself, I make
a picture with other people’s ideas, other people’s minds, other
people’s bodies. We make a picture together and if they don’t like to
work this way, then I fire them.
Gu
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di
A ‘ ee
American Cinematographer Manual .
ee
indispensible data book, used by American cinematographers. 3
es Expensive, because it is absolutely comprehensive, up to date, 3 _
se
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@ @
Guide to Filmmaking
ed pincus is a careful man, once a logician of sorts, now a
cameraman. he’s taught still work at the visual arts center,
harvard, and now is at the mit film department.
his book is carefully done, thorough, nicely indexed, easier
to use than the american cinematographers manual, and
probably more useful to the student.
and it only costs a buck fifty.
its good, ed.
hi, jane.
[Reviewed by J. D. Smith.
Suggested by everybody]
Guide to Filmmaking
Edward Pincus
1969; 256 pp.
$1.50 postpaid
from:
The New American Library, Inc.
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The book is intended to give a fairly precise idea of how much it
costs to do various types of films and the way to go about making
these films. It is a production manual, including all the information
the serious filmmaker will need about the technical side of making
movies.
A whole breed of filmmakers and potential filmmakers is appearing
for whom 16mm is the professional film and super 8mm a serious
amateur gauge which someday may be a professional gauge. Much
of the information for one gauge is relevant to the other. This book
discusses them both, emphasizing 16mm, pointing out the differences
in the narrower film.
The 180° rule: \f we draw a line through the main action,
any camera position on one side of the line will preserve
screen direction.
*
Towards a Poor Theatre
The strongest work in theater lately is Jerzy Grotowski’s.
This is his book. Social yoga, with balls.
[Suggested by Robert Frank]
Towards a Poor Theatre
Jerzy Grotowski
1968; 262 pp.
$2.45 postpaid
from:
Simon & Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
If the actor, by setting himself a challenge publicly challenges others,
and through excess, profanation and outrageous sacrilege reveals
himself by casting off his everyday mask, he makes it possible for
the spectator to undertake a similar process of self-penetration. If
he does not exhibit his body, but annihilates, it, burns it, frees it
from every resistance to any psychic impulse, then he does not sell
his body but sacrifices it. He repeats the atonement; he is close to
holiness. If such acting is not to be something transient and fortui-
tous, a phenomenon which cannot be foreseen in time or space: if
we want a theatre group whose daily bread is this kind of work——
then we must follow a special method of research and training.
When | take sides against half-heartedness, mediocrity and the easy-
come-easy-go attitude which takes everything for granted, it is simply
because we must create things which are firmly orientated towards
either light or darkness. But we must remember that around that
which is luminous within us, there exists a shroud of darkness which
we can penetrate but not annihilate.
Contact is one of the mést essential things. Often when an actor
Speaks of contact, or thinks of contact, he believes that it means
to gaze fixedly. But this is not contact. It is only a position, a
Situation. Contact is not staring, it is to see. Now | am in contact -
with you, | see which of you is against me. | see one person who
is indifferent, another who listens with some interest and someone
who smiles. All this changes my actions; it is contact, and it forces
me to change my way of acting.
16. 16MM CAMERA—FILMING WITH SOUND. Cameraman (left) is shooting a
hand-held with an Eclair NPR. Soundman (right) is using a Nagra III
NPH tape recorder with Sennheiser 804 shotgun microphone with a
homemade windscreen. Subject is shooting hand-held with a Bolex.
(National Educational Television)
The unedited footage is called rushes or dailies. Almost invariably
there is a considerably greater amount of rushes than there is of final
film. The ratio of film shot to final footage is usually between 5:1
and 10:1. But the ratio varies tremendously depending on the type
of film being made and the method of filming. Peter Emmantel
Goldman’s underground classic Echoes of Silence was done using a
ratio of less than 2:1 for an hour-long film. At the other end of the
spectrum, documentary filmmakers who use no script often shoot
ratios higher than 40:1, which means shooting over 90,000 feet to
end with an hour's length of film. Often one of the most difficult
tasks in writing up a budget for a film is to estimate the amount of
footage that will be needed.
When there is a script for a film, a great deal of additional footage is
shot to give the editor a selection of shots and to guarantee that
there will not be any continuity gaps either within scenes or in the
story line. It is not unusual, when two possibilities for a story line
exist, for both to be filmed and the final choice delayed until the
film is being edited. Often the same action is filmed several times
in several ‘‘takes” to get different camera angles (positions) and to
guarantee that the actors have performed their task well.
In much black and white photography, correct exposure for the
subject will give you a pale, washed-out, and cloudless sky. A sky
darkened too much (by using a heavy filter) will have a phony,
heavily dramatic quality. The bluer the sky, the easier it is to
darken it and the less filtration needed. When the sky is overcast
or misty, filters will not be very effective. The sky near the sun
and on the horizon is often almost white and does not respond to
filtration. If the film is overexposed, the filter effect may be
largely lost.
If you wish to bleach a blue sky, a blue filter will do the trick.
As in all things, it is often hard to find yourself in film. For some,
the way,is to make their films alone. For others, film is essentially
a group enterprise. In film you may be able to find yourself, under-
stand the world, show others what the world really is, and, finally,
change it.
Simple three-light setup:
A spotlight (B) which
serves as the key light
and a flood light (C)
which serves as the fill
light are set up near the
camera (A). The back
light (D), usually a spot,
is used to separate the
actor from the back-
ground and to give an
edge light.
INDEX
from television receiver, Edge-numbers of films, latent
113-14; and e, 96 (figure)
filters for use in, 118-19 Editing, picture, 65, 120-35;
Color films, storage of, 184 in the camera, 65;
Continuity editing: of picture,
124-25;
of synchronous sound
16
Continuity shooting, 65-66
Contour shadow, in lighting, 85
Copies, and image
Cord-to-cord printing by
Critical focus of lens-3, 36
Cut-away shots, 66, 123
Cut-in (insert) shorts, 123
Cutting and pacing, in editing,
123
Cutting shots, 133
Dailies (rushes) of unedited
footage in filming, 64
Degaussing of sound editing
equipment,
Dehumidification of
black and white films, 183
Depth of field, 36, 39, 80;
charts, 187-245
Diaphragm of lens, 37 (figure)
Dichroic daylight conversion
filters, 88, 112
Diffraction, and reduction of
overall sharpness of image,
Diffusion filters, 117
Akropolis: Masks created solely by the facial muscles (Zygmunt Molik, Zbigniew Cynkutis, Rena
eatr-Laboratorium.
Mirecka). Photo: T
The costumes are bags full of holes covering naked bodies. The
holes are lined with material which suggests torn flesh; through
the holes one looks directly into a torn body. Heavy wooden
shoes for the feet; for the heads, anonymous berets. This is a
poetic version of the camp uniform. Through their similarity the
costumes rob men of their personality, erase the distinctive signs
which indicate sex, age, and social class. The actors become com-
pletely. identical beings. They are nothing but tortured bodies.
The inmates are the protagonists and, in the name of a higher, ur-
written law, they are their own torturers. The merciless conditions|
of the extermination camp constitute the milieu of their lives.
Their work crushes them with its size and its futility; rhythmical
signals are given by the guards; the inmates call out in screams.
But the struggle for the right to vegetate and to love goes on at
its everyday pace. At each command the human wrecks, barely
alive, stand up erect like well-disciplined soldiers. The throbbing
rhythm of the play underscores the building of the new civilization;
the work expresses the inmate’s stubborn will to live, which is
constantly reaffirmed in every one of their actions.
as most important element in
king,
filmma’ 120;
concept of, defining film space
and film time, 120-21:
parallel editing,
180°
121-23 (figure):
123;
cutting and pacing,
cut-away and cut-in (insert)
shots, 123;
continuity editing, 124-25;
mechanics of, 125;
jump-cutting, 125;
rewinds, 125-26;
action viewer, 126-27;
127-31 (figure),
175-82 (figures);
miscellaneous equipment for
splicing,
use in, 131-32;
film bin as useful accessory
in, 131;
leader, 132-33;
cutting shots, 133;
workprinting, 133;
handling film, 134;
screening print for, 134-35
Editing, sound, 157-64;
sound transfer,
sound studio services, 157-58:
synchronizer, 158;
Moviola editing machine,
159;
editing tables, 159;
synchronizing rushes, 159-60;
care of magnetic film, 160;
There is one absolute rule
Bodily activity comes first, and then
vocal expression. Most actors work
in the opposite order.
First you bang on the table and
afterwards you shout!
The vocal process cannot be free with-
out a well functioning larynx. The
larynx must first be relaxed, and then
the chin and jaws.
If the larynx does not relax and open,
you must try to find a way to make it
do so. That is why | asked the third
pupil to stand on his head. If he does
this, and at the same time speaks,
shouts or sings, there is a good chance
that the larynx will open.
—
\
180°
ents
re
,
*
Music Synthesizers
The three we know of are Moog, Buchla, and Putney. All
three permit you to make music now, live, that used to take
hours to assemble on tape. We would like to hear comments
from users of these machines——which do you prefer; why;
what machine is better for what uses?
Moogs range from $3500 to $8000.
Write to:
R. A. Moog Co.
Trumansburg, N. Y.
Classic Guitar Construction
This is the only adequate book on the subject in English: it
is worth your money even if you don’t intend to build a
guitar. Every method and tool described actually works,
and the design and illustration are of the quality to be
expected from a professional designer.
/f you can work up your courage to the point of actually
starting in, the following is good advice—
1) Buy a good 18” straightedge: a %” x 1” dimension-
ground steel bar (available from industrial supply houses)
is the cheapest way. You need it to get the fingerboard
really straight.
2) The fret slots must be .025” wide for most fret wire.
Ebony is hard and brittle so the slots must be accurate.
Most saws sold as “fret saws” won't work, so beware when
buying.
3) (a) Make sure joints fit as near perfectly as you can
make them before gluing.
(b) If an operation doesn’t come out right, do it over.
Don’t let yourself get away with any shoddy work.
The experience of building a guitar is guaranteed to change
you, probably for the better.
[Reviewed by David Russell Young]
Classic Guitar Construction
Irving Sloane
1966; 95 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from: =
E. P. Dutton
201 Park Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
2
Apply varnish with a soft-hair 1” flagged-and-
tipped brush. Twirl a new brush between your
palms to shake out loose hairs. Do not use a
varnish brush for anything but varnish.
Guitar sales are soaring as factories in the
United States and abroad work at top speed
to fill the demand. Unfortunately, fine guitars
cannot be made at top speed and mediocrity
is the rule. In Spain, $120 will buy a guitar of
a quality that cannot be duplicated in the
United States at any price except by a few
private luthiers. Hand-
O ‘ about $500.
made guitars start at
Buchla, now marketed by CBS, has a handy
user’s guide and prices go like this:
Cabinet $214.00
Mixer 107.00
Voltage Controfied Mixer 395.00
Dual Voltage Controlled Gate 160.09
Dual Ring Modulator 246.00
Touch Controlled Voltage
Source 545.00
Touch Controlled Voltage
Source 387.00
Power Supply 210.00
Sequential Voltage Source 280.00
Patchboard 35.00
Dual Envelope Detector 166.00
Timing Pulse Generator 225.00
Dual Square Wave Oscillator 225.00
Sequential Voltage Source 495.00
Harmonic Generator 950.00
5 Frequency Counter 550.00
The Putney looks to be a Dual Control Voltage Processor 139.00
more modest, self-contained Dual Sine-Sawtooth Oscillator 275.00
unit, with a lower price White Noise Generator 107.00
J Dual Random Voltage Source 259.00
range (around $1000). Dual Microphone Preamplifier 195.00
Dual Instrument Preamplifier 125.00
Write to: Dual Equalizer - Line Driver 165.00
‘ p Dual Attack Generator 195.00
lonic Industries, Incdrporated Frequency Shifter 570.00
128 James Street
Morristown, N. J. 07960 Dual Reverberation Unit 230.00
Sharp Cutoff Filter 595.00
Dual Lopass Filter 140.00
Bandpass Filter 135.00
Octave Format Filter 225.00
Phase Shifter 140.00
Write to:
CBS Musical Instruments
Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc.
1300 E. Valencia
Fullerton, CA 92631
*
How to Build Speaker Enclosures
/n order to get the best response from a speaker, the
enclosure needs to be carefully designed and engineered
to match the speaker being used.
/f you have some knowledge and skill in cabinet con-
struction, you should be able to use this book to build
excellent speaker enclosures. It doesn’t tell you how to
put them together, but it does tell you how to calculate
size, design baffles, and properly brace the cabinet to
keep it from vibrating.
Not for the novice carpenter.
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson.
Suggested by Michael Wells]
How to Build Speaker Enclosures
Alexis Badmaieff and Don Davis
1966; 144 pp.
$3.50 postpaid
($.40 ppd in Canada)
from:
The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc.
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$3.00 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
*
Listening Incorporated
Exotic equipment.
MSA-1 Spectrum Analyzer $4875.00 Sondol Echo Locator 95.00
Environ Ears Sound System 950.00 Power Supply Module 15.00
Underwater Ears 4500.00 Strobe Light 50.00
GPF-2 Neurophone 2650.00 Correlator 3000.00
Write to:
Listening Incorporated Ocean Science Services, Inc.
6 Garden Street or 411 California Avenue
Arlington, Massachusetts 02174 Palo Alito, CA 94308
*
Instrument Kits
Catalog
Dulcimers ($8-26), sitars ($25),
guitars ($10-25), balalaikas free
($9-25), thumb pianos ($3). ae
[Suggested by The Hughes Company
neck 8665 W. 13th Avenue
Charles Benecke] Denver, Colo. 80215_
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Rolling Stone
Primarily an emergent-music trade magazine, it has expanded
to be the dominant newspaper to its Generation. The music
information is still there, and so is dope notes, lengthy thor-
ough reports on Generational heroes and events, and no-
heavy-ax-to-grind-yet accounts of political occasions. The
Stone’s editorial standards, both on writing and graphics,
are refreshingly high, and Wenner and crew have good ideas
—-—which may save them from the cramp that Graham and
the Fillmores got into with similar success in the same high-
energy field.
SIRS:
ROLLING STONE readers might like to
know that you don’t have to pay out-
rageous prices for LP’s such as Hey
Jude, Abbey Road, Let It Bleed, and
The Band. Since English record prices
aren't inflated like this, as you mention
in your February 2nd issue, one solution
lish supplier. Two good ones I’ve found
tingham NG7, 3NL, and Tandy’s Rec-
ords, 20 Wolverhampton Road, Warley,
Worcestershire. The typical English LP
runs about $3.40, and the outlets men-
tioned above will absorb postal charges
if your order is large enough—it helps
is to order records direct from an Eng-
are: Papworths, 32 Alfreton Road, Not- :
Rolling Stone to go in with a friend or friends.
Jann Wenner, ed.
$8 /yr.u.s Subscription Departmen Wherever they went, “Wavy” and his
Rolling Stone
$12 /yr. Canada 746 Brannan Street
staff talked up their idea of Earth
People’s Park. “The idea keeps chang-
$14 /yr. Overseas San Francisco, CA 94103
ing. Like we all started out with one
big piece of land, and now it’s lots of
little pieces,’ Mr. Gravy told one re-
porter. “Let’s take all the confliction
and get it together. That’s the differ-
ence in our age. What’s happening is
the change between competition and
happening everywhere I go. I feel people
getting behind it, finding what it is, and
coming together on it.”
Sag?
Frank Zappa: for Mothers
*
Electric Guitar Amplifier Handbook
For years my clearest image of impotence was the college
student and the soft-drink machine: he has just watched
his Pepsi flow by without benefit of the expected auto-
matic cup, and he is kicking shit out of the machine. This
image has gradually been replaced by the finer one of the
rock musician and his audience of worshipful fans and
his intermittent amp.
Avoid embarrassment, learn about the components of thy
act. This is a remarkably adequate repair manual.
[Suggested by Philemon Vanlangendonck]
PERMANENT MAGNET CORE
MAGNETIC FIELO
cooperation; we’re into cooperation. It’s =
LEADS TO AMPLIFIER INPUT rH The chart’s use is also limited because it’s
Fig. 2-2. Operation of » magnetic pickup.
*
Friends
_ This is the British equivalent of Rolling Stone (derivative;
for a while they were together, then severed). /t has some
kinds of items we’ve seen nowhere else, and that’s welcome.
We're told they’ve helped themselves to large quantities of
the latt WHOLE EARTH CATALOG. If so, we‘ll probably
be pissed.
FRIENDS
$.30/copy
[subscriptions available, but no price indicated. }
from:
T F Much Company Ltd .
305 Portobello Road r
London W11, ENGLAND
Listen, Hippies, Look, Wake Up. You are
being too hip. So you’ve taken your tabs of 500
microgram Orange Golden Sunshine Purple
Special and you reckon you know it all, no-one can
teach you anything, you got the power of Lerv,
an’ yer fat smiles an’ yer Biba dresses an’ yer
seven-skin joints an’ yer long lervly hair just
gotta turn the natives on. Will you wear that smile
right through your five year jail sentence in
Malaga, Erzurum, Bombay, Tetouan? Will you
grin as they stamp something strange in your
Passport (pity you never learnt the language and
can’t understand it), will you hand them a flower
when they try to rape your dopey girl friend who
used to sunbathe naked on the roof and say ‘fuck
what the neighbours think, a bit of tit won’t kill
them.’?
Wake up. Stop carrying your plastic hip culture
round the world. Formentera used to be a beautiful
island of sleepy farms and white-washed houses.
This summer it was like the carbon-copy of the
main drag in any big Western City, flashy bou-
tiques full of ugly clothes, bars full of freaks
bashing bongoes long after the owner has asked
them to stop, everyone playing the same dreary
games they played in Finch’s bar or the Filmore
East. Ask the local people what they think:
they’s rather have fat middle-aged German
tourists who spend money than a load of penniless
bums who steal from them and stir up the police
while trying to turn their paradise into a psyche-
delic circus.
The director, Sam Peckinpah, is a certain kind
of man. | don’t know if you have known any,
but | hope so, because they are our honourable
ancestors who paid their dues at a time when
living free was damned lonely.
Ten or twelve years ago | knew and admired
these men. They had seen war and had had
many adventures which had made them very
wise .. . Mostly they were painters and
writers who had done something else before,
like engineering or mathematics. Their tatoos
and beards and crazy clothes were as much a
dare as a statement.
Competent and tough, always broke, because
they didn’t give a rat's ass about money; afraid
of nobody, but patient with fools and gentle
with women. Part Henry Fonda, Pancho Villa,
Ezra Pound and Johnny Guitar, or so | thought.
They thought the usual run of human existence -
was a load of crap, but they didn’t worry much
about consistency in their rejection of square
ness. They smoked grass——when just nobody
thought it was a very nice thing to do——and
drank like plowed ground soaks piss. A doc-
trinaire Marxist could also be a proud ex-Marine
and a loyal buyer of Zippo lighters. In short,
changing the world was too remote to be con-
sidered, and a man had to live his life as he
saw fit, for which the only reliable rule was
the abolition or, at least avoidance of bullshit.
In my part of the country, they kept as much
of the reactionary cowboy jive as suited them.
This sometimes included guns, which | am quite
sure they did not at any time confuse with their
genitals.
| envision a great piece of civic statuary, to be
erected when the world is a better place: a
strong, skinny man of thirty or so, in desert
boots, levis, and navy jersey. An early copy of
Evergreen Review is in his hip pocket and he
is holding a can of suds. Nearby is a stack
of junk, a Charlie Parker record, worn out
Mexican sandals, a Chianti bottle, a carton
of Camels, the maintenance manual for an
MG TC. It would be called, ‘The Old Head
and His Stuff’, this statue.
*
Illustrated Method for Flute
3 It’s hard to imagine learning to play the flute
ss without the help of someone who already
$3 knows, but if you've got that, this book
$s would help. !t’s super-basic, designed for
Hy those who never even picked up a flute
ss before, and it does cover all the things you
3s need to know to play. One weakness is that
HH the fingering chart is at the back, when you
rH need to start using it about halfway through.
Illustrated Method for Flute
Sheridon W. Stokes and
$ printed on both sides of the page, so you Richard A. Condon
# © can’t refer to half of it without stopping to oe ee
turn it over, a handicap for beginners. $5.20 postpaid
on 7
Electric Guitar Amplifier Handbook ‘Suggested by Tia Whitney] Tito Aesoclotes
1965, 1968; 160 pp. - ‘a # hay City, CA 90230
$3.95 postpaid Hy or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
33
$2.88 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
harmful, we recommend a series of short practice periods during
which you concentrate solely on a single thing to be accomplished.
You will find these short but concentrated practice sessions much
more fruitful than tedious hours of dutifully “playing exercises.”’
i \ € e Fp)
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HANDBOOK
ig
ss
Mathematical Sna
The patterns we observe on the shore
of a river when the mud has been
dried up by the sun (98) seem to be
quite irregular; nevertheless as a
rule they show right angles. This
can be explained by assuming the
cracking to be an effect of contraction;
the line appearing as a fissure has,
by a principle of mechanics, to make
the work of disjunction as small as
possible, The work is proportional
to the areas of the sections and the
lines must have a course such as to
minimize the surfaces laid open by
the fissure. This procedure gives
right angles if the clay is homogeneous;
the varying thickness of the layer
accounts for the curvature of the lines.
This remark supplies in many cases
a means of deciding which line appeared
earlier and which later: the older of
the two splits passes right through the
point of junction. Thus we can
follow the genealogy of splits and
eventually find the ancestors of
the whole system.
Suppose the pattern was composed initially of
two regions, A. and B. A new line appears,
joining two points of two already existing
arcs and giving rise to a new region C (100);
since the new line breaks up two arcs into two
Parts each, the number of arcs increases by
three. After 7 steps we have? more regions
and 37 more arcs. Since there were initially
two regions and three arcs, we now have /#+2
regions and 3/7 + 3 arcs.
Mathematical Models
H. Martyn Cundy & A.P. Rollett
1961; 286 pp.
$6.50 postpaid
from:
Oxford University Press
16-00 Pollitt Drive
Fair Lawn, N. J. 07140
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
138
POLYHEDRA
3.9.4. Great stellated triacontahedron. V(3.%)?
Fra. 153
Iso
H. Steinhaus
1950, 1969; 311 pp.
' Mathematics As far as we’re concerned, these are the pics of self-ed!
$7.50 postosia as well as method in the universal
from:
Oxford University P
AT PIEIVIAT 16-00 Pollitt Mathematical Snapshots operates by visibility. The World of Mathematic:
MA 8 Fair Lawn, N. J. 07140 What’s going on mathematically is plain as day anecdotes, an infectious 17
in the diagrams and illustrations. It’s like telling of math stories—PU
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
learning history by anecdotes.
[Suggested by Sim Van Der Ryn]
ancient, recent: 3 fine anc
collection. Math seen fror
Mathematical Models is a classic of 4-D technique.
The whole purpose of the book is enabling
you to make your own geometric forms in the
world. Like learning history by psychodrama.
Mathematics; |}; Content
and Meaning, Math from |
Russian-compiled technice
every thing of concern in 7
today.
‘ Problem 36 of the papyrus begins: “Go down | World of Mathematics
A L times 3, " of me, 1/5 of me is added to me; ah
return |, filled am |. What is the quanti in 1956; 2469 pp; 4
y $14.95 Postpaid
2 from:
From these four smali boards (1) we can
compose a square or an equilateral triangle,
according as we turn the handle up or down.
The proof is given by sketch (2).
Obviously, for any model which is to be at all
permanent, cardboard will be used.
The card should be white with a good surface, and
fairly thin, about the thickness of a plain postcard.
Thick cardboard makes ugly corners, and allowance
ought to be made for its thickness in drawing the .
net. It is useful, however, to cut flat sheets of thick
card for internal strengthening in some of the
stellated and interpenetrating polyhedra.
6.7
3.7.12. Great rhombicosidodecahedron (cont.)
When the dimensions of the model have been decided
on, the net can be constructed on the cardboard. In
the case of a complicated net this is facilitated by
pricking through vertices from a template drawn on
tracing paper, but it must be done very accurately.
Tabs are then added to alternate outside edges, care
being taken to ensure that the angle at the shoulder
of the tab is small enough to admit of the tab’s
being cemented to its appropriate face. The net can
now be cut out with a razor-blade and the edges
scored half-through for bending. (Where edges have
to be scored on the back—in the stellated polyhedra—
this is indicated in the diagrams.) The face of the
net becomes the outside of the polyhedron.
For joining, a quick-drying cement, such as balsa-
wood cement as used for model aircraft, is essential.
After the cement has been applied to a tab, the
edges to be joined are brought together, and the tab
can be held down with a small wire paper-fastener
while the cement dries. This is particularly useful
in small models when the fingers cannot easily get
inside, and near the finish of any model when there
are several edges to be joined at once. A thin wire
probe is sometimes useful in getting the last face to
adhere.
The exterior perimeter of a net of a polyhedron
which is all in one piece becomes a ‘tree’ of edges on
the solid. This tree may be branched, but every edge
is double and occurs twice on the perimeter of the
net. It is evident that if these edges are numbered
consecutively round thenet every even edge will be
joined to an odd edge in the final solid. This means
that tabs need only be attached to the even edges.
In the nets which follow, tabs are not shown unless
there is special need to do so. In all other cases the
rule is: attach tabs to alternate edges round the net.
There is an exception in the case of the last face,
which is best left free of tabs. The missing tabs
must be added to the other edges, and are best
made large, so that a platform can be built up to
which the last face can be stuck.
Here (Figure 45-) is a page from Haeckel’s
Challenger Monograph showing the skeletons
of several Radiolarians. Numbers 2,3, and 5
are octahedron, icosahedron, and dodecahedron in
astonishingly regular form; 4 seems to have a
lower symmetry.
The World of
Mathematics
James R. Newman
Simon & Schuster, Inc,
630 Fifth Avenue"
New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
FIGURE 10—Which points of the
2.5. CURVE-ST[TCHING
One very old method of expression work ji
and one which affords a welcome ©2ange from
|
/ j
pencil and paper’, is that of curve-stitching. |
originated in a book by Mrs. E. L. Somervell, e
mic Approach to Mathematics, and published in
has recently been revived, both in America and
Basically it consists of constructing straigh
by stitching with coloured threads through a
pricked in cardboard.
~
Mores th Yj =
1 |
i
PLan:
Split
|
le Dick of self-education math books. From them you can learn delight
uage,
d of Mathematics /S history and The Graphic Work of M. C.
an —- multi-faceted Escher is geometry set at its
own throat via the images of
math stories—pure, applied,
Pat dreams. The subjective frontier.
ecent: 4 fine and complete
. seen from outside.
al The New Mathematics
Dictionary and Handbook is
the handiest of handy reference
books.
ties: Content, Methods,
ing, Math from inside. A
ompilled technical run-down of
9 of concern in mathematics
[Suggested by Lloyd Kahn]
matics ...AS our mental eye penetrates into smaller
and smaller distances and shorter and shorter
vols, times, we find nature behaving so entirely
differently from what we observe in visible and A
id palpable bodies of our surrounding that no model ber — Work of M.C. —
shaped after our large-scale experiences can ever 1960, 1968; 76 plates Hawthorn Books, inc.
be ‘true’. A completely satisfactory model of
this type is not only practically inaccessible,
Ine,
"7 f but not even thinkable. Or, to be precise, we
10020 can, of course, think it, but however we think it,
it is wrong; not perhaps quite as meaningless
'H CARALOG as a ‘triangular circle,’ but much more so than
a ‘winged lion.’
Mathematics: Its Content, Methods, and Meaning
A. D. Aleksandrov, A. N. Volmogorov, R. A. Lavrentev
1956, 1963; 1144 pp.; 3 vols.
$10.00 postpaid
from:
The M. |. T. Press
Cambridge, Mass.02142
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
1H. There exists neither a point nor a line in the
plane that is carried into itself under all the
transformations of the group. Groups of this
type are called plane Fedorov groups, They
are the symmetry groups of infinite plane
ornaments. There are altogether 17 of them:
five consist of motions of the first kind only,
and twelve of motions of the first and second
kind.
In Table 3 we have given examples of ornaments
corresponding to each of the seventeen plane
Fedorov groups; every group consists of precisely
those motions that carry an arbitrary flag drawn
in the diagram into any other flag of the same
diagram.
It is interesting to note that the masters of the
art of ornamentation have in practice discovered
ornaments with all possible symmetry groups;
it fell to the theory of groups to prove that other
forms do not exist.
Crystallographic groups. In 1890 the eminent
Russian crystallographer and geometer E.S. Fedorov
solved by group-theoretical methods one of the
fundamental problems of crystallography:
to classify the regular systems of points in space.
This was the first example of a direct application
of the theory of groups to the solution of an
important problem in natural science and made
a substantial impact on the development of the
10—Which points of the plane are inside this polygon?
VE-STITCHING
expression work in mathematics,
ome Caange from ‘the tyranny of
$9.95 postpaid
70 Fifth Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10011
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The New
Mathematics
Dictionary
and Handbook
Robert W, Marks
1964; 186 pp.
$.95 postpaid
The New
Mathematics
Dictionary
and Handbook
from:
Bantam Books, Inc.
271 Madison Ave.
New York, N. Y.
10016
or WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG
VENN DIAGRAMS. Diagrams using over-
lapping circles to show relationships
between sets; developed by John Venn
57. DOUBLE PLANETOID, wood-engraving ,
printed from 4 blocks, 1949, diameter 37.5 cm
Two regular tetrahedrons, piercing each other,
float through space as a planetoid, The light-
coloured one is inhabited by human beings who
have completely transformed their region into
a complex of houses, bridges and roads, The
darker tetrahedron has remained in its natural
state, with rocks, on which plants and prehistoric
animals live. The two bodies fit together to
make a whole but they have no knowledge of
each other.
UNION OF SETS
The shaded area in the second
The shaded area represents
curve-stitching. It seems to have
E. L. Somervell, entitled A Rhyth-
, and Published in 1906. The idea
th in America and in this country.
structing straight-line envelopes
preads through a pattern of holes
(1834—1923), English logician. Each
circle represents one set. Two or more
may be overlapped. The areas of overlap
(lens-shaped areas) indicate subsets
which may contain elements common to
both or all of the indicated sets.
Some authors shade or cross-hatch the
areas that contain members of a set;
other authors use shading or cross-
hatching to indicate emptiness. In the
diagram below, shading indicates
content.
that set of all elements that are
both elements of A and elements
of B.
Example: If A is the set of all
students who take chemistry,
and B is the set of all students
taking physics, the shaded area
is the set of all students taking
both chemistry and physics.
diagram represents the set of
all elements that are in A, orin B,
or in both A and B.
Example: If A is the set of all
men who own boats, and if B is
the set of all fishermen, the
shaded area indicates the set of
all men who are boatowners or
fishermen, or who are boat-
owning fishermen.
H
iy
|
rir
T pla! | 7
5 6 7
MM M MATHEMATICS aan
+
+
Supply and Demand AAA Adding Machine Company Seale
jefer, more classi rlier account of economic th
erson Ppty They carry used and reconditioned calculators, adding power
Bear in mind that economists are created by economies, machines and cash registers at good prices. | emplo
not vice versa very much. Who does create economies? ef [Suggested by Octavia Reyes, Jr.] | on the
You. /f you don’t like the one you're in, invent and perform # splash
a better one. Do it informed or do it innocent, either one book 1
beats passive complaint. and y¢
[Suggested by Steve Baer] 3 Features of Model 126 most f
4 8 Catalog © Single total, manually operated subjec
1. When, at the price ruling, demand exceeds supply, the rH f © Registering capacity 1¢ to $5.99
when supply exceeds 3 ree © Accumulating capacity $99,999.99
3 from: Separate key for No Sale Design
Arise in price tends, sooner or later, to decrease ss
demend to increase supply. Conversely a Company Special counters for No Sale, and Customer
= in , ‘oa sooner or agi to increase $$ Long Island City, N. Y. 11101 @ Flexible keyboard and Key Release lever 10.¢
Single lock controls Register operation and records $10.
Mm. inane to the level at which demand is equal 3 © Easily read controls Register operation and records from:
Easily read Indication, front and back
se 10 Eas
It has become an axiom of business men that, while Governments Grewer construction New Y¢
can manage with more or less competence a safe and routine busi- 3: © Removable coin tray
ness like a Postal Service, their success would be unlikely to prove 53 or WHC
conspicuous in undertakings where the element of risk is great. ss
There, it is said, we owe everything in the past to the enterprise HH
of individual men (for even joint-stock companies have not been 3
notable as pioneers) adventuring their own fortunes in accordance ss
with their own unfettered judgment. 3: ‘
Supply and Demand =
ss *
$1.35 postpaid 3 ©Strategy & Tactics
from: i: Oftimes, due to production limitations (or
Cambridge University Press 33 = / was once an umpire at a huge war game at Camp Drum, simple lack of imagination), game manufacturers t
a pat or Ly io 83 New York, and had a wonderful time. are wont to supply the long suffering game Critic
ew York, N. ¥. 33 consumer with Baby Blue and Froo-Froo Pink
orlnols EARTH 3; | Unfortunately, this magazine seems to be limited to board unit counters as standard equipment in many of
CATALOG s: games using historic battles. |t looks to have a cult reader- the wargames on the market. Most
:: ship related to Sci Fi fandom. But its considerations of The |
Hy game design, nostalgia-stroking, and bloodless conflict may . covere
#3 be worth investigation by inventors of whatever's gonna Rei nfor cement Rate Time |
s; replace war. You can be sure that peace isn’t. Conflict . Expo
is too interesting &Time Record Card ««
H in seq
concu
can ct
is you
Strategy & Tactics Any
Indecks Information Retrieval System $7.50 /year (bi-monthly)
What do you have a lot of? Students, subscribers, notes, = ' oar | aon
baoks, records, clients, projects? Once you're past 50 or 100-8 Box 396 on CF
of whatever, it’s tough to keep track, time to externalize New York, N. Y. 10009
your store and retrieve system. One handy method this side HH Critic:
of a high-rent computer is Indecks. It’s funky and functional: #3 All Germans come from the East. AT. /
cards with a lot of holes in the edges, a long blunt needle, HH 1969;
and anotcher. Run the needle through aholeinabunchof # GERMAN SUPPLIES $2.01
cards, lift, and the cards notched in that hole don’t rise; they 33 Attar players Gecome temitier-with the gome
fall out. Si don’ i HH aye from:
- y , , aiph y : 3 Germans to attack is in the south, and wonder 303 P:
just poke, fan, lift and catch. Indecks is cheaper than the HH why this wasn’t actually done in the real ect
McBee system we used to [ist. Hy campaign. The reason is simple: the off the
board foad network favored supply and
[Suggested by Ernest L. Gayden] HH reinforcement from the north. This situation arene
se can be recreated by requiring the German player
3 to bring on at least 50% of the combat factors of
wwe 68. 3 all types of units on or north of the Via Anziate.
For instance, if he received two 6-5’s, three 4-3's
, : rH and a 6-6 in any one impulse, only one 6-5 and
PAPER / THESIS REFILL PACKS (50 Punchcards) @ $1.85 ea. one 43 ‘of
RESEARCH REFILL PACKS (50 Punchcards) @ $1.85 ea. rH (Note: this rule applies to the type of combat
STUDY / REVIEW REFILL PACKS (50 Punchcards) @ $1.85 ea. HH factor a unit has, not to whether it is infantry or seeeees
MEDICAL / SURGICAL REFILL PACKS (50 Punchcards) @$2.00ea. 58 Parachute or whatever.)
REFILL CARTONS; 600 Punchcards (P/T) (R) (S/R) @ $19.50 ea. HH
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Catalog 33. from economics to espionage to technology. diplomacy, world opinion, political warfare, POULTRON PRESS
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STEP FOUR: SORTING +
Cascad
Sorting allows you to retrieve the information that has been Recorded, HH Cc es
Coded, and Notched (Steps 1, 2 & 3). HH
s: Like Kaiser Aluminum News, here’s a free
Align the Deck at the 3 magazine from a big company. It has
clipped corners... 3: = intelligent articles and superb photographs.
Pass the Sorting Rod # [Suggested by lost-his-name]
through the hole with
the mumber which 38
matches the listed
code number of the 3
category you wish to HH] Cascades
retrieve... free
Shake gently...and all 38 from:
: cards notched at this ss Pacific Northwest Bell
4 —— = hole will drop. 821 Second Avenue
3 Seattle, Washington 98104
THE CARDS YOU WANT HAVE BEEN RETRIEVED HH
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ag
pr
33
se
oe
Re. .
Design and Planning 2
Incredible: you actually got your hands on a computer
owerful enough to generate rich graphics, and you have an
subject is what wizards are about.
sion and Planning 2
and Seitz, eds.
1967; 177 pp.
$10.00 postpaid
ords from:
Hastings House, Inc.
10 East 40th Street
| New York, N. Y. 10016
| or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Critical Path Method
employer/patron rich enough to buy you some pl. " e /
on the computer. In order not to waste his mon
splashing around in your new pool, you might c O
pook for a beginning inventory of some of the thi 0
and your computer can accomplish together. It’s far the
most practical book we've seen on the subject, and the
[Suggested by Eric Renner]
Most construction I’ve been around was under conditions of
“The rains are due next week” or “If we don’t get the dome
covered by the first snow, we've blown it for the winter.”
e Time pressure. At the miraculously complete and on-time
Expo 67 in Montreal the magic ingredient was CPM——
d Critical Path Method. It’s the analysis of what must be done
on CPM.
Critical Path Method
A. T. Armstrong-Wright
1969; 113 pp.
$2.00 postpaid
from:
Humanities Press, Inc.
303 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10010
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Jahnke-Emde.
CONTENTS
. Mathematical Constants
. Physical Constants and
Conversion Factors
. Elementary Analytic Methods
. Elementary Transcendental
Functions
Logarithmic, Exponential,
Circular and Hyperbolic
Functions
5. Exponential Integral and Related
Functions
6. Gamma Function and Related
Functions
7. Error Function and Fresnel
8
9
Pw N=
Integrals
. Legendre Functions
- Bessel Functions of Integer
Order
10. Bessel Functions of Fractional
Order
11. Integrals of Bessel Functions
12. Struve Functions and Related
Functions
Any delays on it slow down the whole operation. A clear
CPM map, using now-standard symbols, can vastly simplify
coordination. The technique is useful for any group oper-
ation that’s time-bound. This book is the briefest clearest
13.
in sequence (foundation, then floor} and what can be done
concurrently (while the foundation is being dug in, the girls
can cut the roof panels). The maximum necessary sequence
"4 is your minimum construction time, and is the critical path. Sai ads
Handbook of Mathematical Functions
Designed for the person who needs but does not have access
to powerful computer facilities, this Government bargain is
a modernized version of the classical tables of functions of
[Suggested by Mrs. W. B. Mohin]
Confluent Hypergeometric
Functions
. Coulomb Wave Functions
. Hypergeometric Functions
. Jacobian Elliptic Functions
and Theta Functions
. Elliptic Integrals
Weierstrass Elliptic and
Related Functions
. Parabolic Cylinder Functions
. Mathieu Functions
. Spheroidal Wave Functions
. Orthogonal Polynomials
. Bernoulli and Euler
Polynomials, Riemann
Zeta Function
. Combinatorial Analysis
. Numerical Interpolation,
Differentiation and
Integration
26. Probability Functions
. Miscellaneous Functions
. Scales of Notation
. Laplace Transforms
CONSTRUCT DOOR
Computer-Generated Random
Dot images
by Carol Bosche
Filmmaking and the Extension
Print
Design: A Potential Tool for
Teaching
by Witham S Huff
Why Programming is a Good
Medium tor Expressing Poorly-
Understood and Sioppily-Formulated
ideas
by Marvin Minsky
Psychological Aspects of Man-
Computer Relations
by Martin Krampen
Engineering. Design, and the
Computer
by Bertram Herzog
Simulation of Exhibition Visitor
Circulation on a Digital Computer
by Bruce G Hutchinson
The Potentiat of Computers in
Design Practice
by George N. Soulis and
Jack Ellis
A Survey of Graphic Data
Processing Equipment for
Computers
by Robert K Cratie and
George A. Michael
Computer Graphics
by William A. Fetter
Design Augmented by Computers
by Edwin bk. Jacks
Problem-Solving Processes in
Planning and Design
by Marvin L. Manheim
Computer-Augmented Design
by Allen Bernholtz and
Edward Bierstone
Computers, Printing and
Graphic Design
by Kenneth G. Scheid
Computer-Generated Movies, Designs
and Diagrams
by Kenneth C. Knowlton
Computers and the Visual Arts
by A. Michael Noli
Principles and Programming
of Animation
by Frank W. Sinden
CONSTRUCT ROOF UNITS
Formulas, G
1964, 1968; 1
$4.50 postpaid
J
In the above example, the required time for completing the project
is 25 days and the project end-event time is calculated as “day 25”.
Assume that the owner is anxious to complete the garage before a
new car is delivered on “‘day 15”, it will thus be necessary to reduce
the critical path by 10 days if this scheduled date is to be achieved.
In this case it may be a simple matter of doubling the labour on
activity 1—3 “‘Construct wall units’ in the hope of reducing the
duration by 10 days.
Handbook of Mathematical Functions With
—, and Mathematical Tables
pp.
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
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Computer-Aided Design
by Steven A. Coons
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Ss PAN, Z00M-MOOz 3-anis translation
22 $s STEREO 2wews
ss BL Attention direction
es COLOR Associate 8 color with the image (parts)
24 ss ATTACH Join line segments
25 : ss DRAW Foliow the light pen
se SMOOTH “Apply a relaxation operator to the data
Ss MODIFY Some cnange to display list
of se DIMENSION Assig.. lengtns (areas. volumes, masses)
28 ss
es
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ee
Allied Radio Allied Data Handbook js a handy little book useful to just
about anyone fooling with electricity or electronics. Gobs
After considerable mail and discussion by of information for the Engineer as well as common man. A
CATALOG users, it seems clear that Allied is $1 postpaid from Allied, 112 pp.
the best mail order source for electronic gear. Tables for tube substitution, nomographs for coil winding, $13.
They |also print an industrial electronic catalog nominal wire size charts, formulas of all electrical and A
that is particularly rich in components, electronic sorts, color codes. ire
(especially noteworthy: integrated circuit | have had a copy around ever since | started tearing radios 116 W'
components). Plug in, link up, discorporate. apart when | was 11 or 12. New Y
[Reviewed by Fred Richardson]
or WH!
MODEL 631 BATTERY-POWERED VTVM-VOM
TWO TESTERS IN ONE
@ One Selector Switch For Entire Unit
Allied Electronics for Everyone
Allied Industrial Electronics free
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Model K-6. breathtaki
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111 Jericho Turnpike impedance). VOM 4 20 A 8358. Shpg. wt., 2 Ibs... . .26.00
Syosset, L. !., New York 11791 (20,000 AC and audio + 03-12-60.
Catalog free. Much more imported equipment and components. We 2-12-1 amps. to
hear complaints about their service. Sr 0-1500-15K
Olson Electronics 5 Ibe.
260 South Forge Street 78,00
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Catalog, free, issued monthly, Olson tends toward imported and surplus
items. Many small quantity, special’ items. Service was fair last time
| ordered from them. Many stores throughout the U. S. XCELITE
Fair Radio Sales Co. Gi} PS88 Screwdriver Set. 5 slot-ti
P. O. Box 1105 types from 3g” to ; 3 Ph Phit.
Lima, Ohio 45802 lips drivers, #0, #1, #2: 1x3" =
Electronic surplus at good prices. Catalog free. drivers.
Basic
Van
1959; |
$14.
Heathkit from:
Hayde
We are not carrying Heathkit this time, fon'Y
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WH:
We recently received your form note indicating si
that our products are listed in your catalog. $7.92
Following publication is issue in Ju ,
I'm unaware of any authorization for you to list our 1970 Atte awd ton aahaat
products. In fact, we have no franchises or - Z
——————— at a loss to understand Well, | guess | really stirred up a hornet’s nest!
P My letter to you-tack in April regarding a
use of . listing in the Whole Earth Catalog was written
hasbeen arented on the assumption that you were requesting
_ or : a dealership or franchise to sell Heathkit music recording and other exac stand use. Four-stage pop and blast
|: wes eon applications. For hand filter eliminates need for external
In the absence of authorization | must ask that ve use. Pop-proof; built-in Hs
- you refrain from listing our products. _ As you might suspect, we receive literally stable; mike antec for use put: —55 dB. i nen, Se
Yours very truly, hundreds of requests from mail order as secondary lab - 40-20,000 diaphragm, turned-steel case. Cannon
operators who would like to sell our Hs. oe ohms. elgg og —55 dB, 18’ XLR-3-11 connectors. Non-reflecting
SCHLUMBERGER PRODUCTS products. In the interest of protecting nickel nickel finish. 6x134’ dia. 18” three-
CORPORATION customers and/or potenti rs f 33 fini, 1 10 Aig conductor cable. Stand adapter.
a p ial customers from ss 126.00 12A7481. Wt.. 1'lb.
fraud or misrepresentation . . . and in order
William E. Johnson to insure that ourffull warranty, replace- HH °
Vice President ment parts and strong customer relations ss
policies are carried through with integrity HH DRY REED SWITCHES
WEJ/rs . .. we have established the philosophy of Stock | Mfr's tae! Contact Max. EACH
ss Ne. Type |Amps
selling our products only through our own 33 aad % x Lgth. Volts Magnet
distribution channels (mail-order and 36 “10 BST
company-owned stores). ss 6 A 6606 MTRR-2-185 A _ |.092x.635” 3 250, 100' H-33 1.32
56 A H-33 | 4.2 You I
4 -2- | 1.84 id i
readers a ave made it a point to learn more se ae
about the Whole earth catalog. wobviousy
is not in conflict with our marketing policy. ss 6 A 6613 DRG- 10 | | 250, H-32 | 2:63 Very
In fact, exposure of our company and our 56 A6614DRVT-10-658| A |.218x1.9507| 50 30 H-34 | 4.20 electri
products through this medium is an advantage 3 MERCURY-WETTED REED SWITCHES chang
to us. Max. DC Max.|Act is near
Contact Max. ing |EACH cathor
Our face is red. We frankly “‘goofed”’. 3 oe 0 oe a 2.10
Als 28 10 | H33 | 4:20
William Johneon 3 MAGNETS FOR ABOVE SWITCHES
CORPORATION 6616! H-31 | | 30 H-33 | Basic
| | 338 |seacest! | | Nelso:
‘ 1942,
HAMLIN MAGNETIC REED SWITCHES $8.9
+
11 Tektronix Catalog 3 The Radio Master * Hermetically
3a A collection of advertizing material from Actveting Ti pom:
manufacturers of electronic parts and equipment. ar icGr:
lla Textronix has become the It primarily covers components and test i © Life—10,000,000 oon
re equipment and is a good reference to what is Operations
electronics industry standard for available. In many cases prices are not given and #3 4 4. 4 sensiiviny Manct
oscilloscopes. They are consistantly you may have to hunt for a local supplier of somess ‘State Mancl
ahead of the competition and their _ 35 Premium-quality dry reed and mercury wetted 9 8171
attention to "user" features in 3b The Master is available from major Se ae rts sealed for enfe, dependable use in an Novat
f if aimesphere or even under explosive conditions. Swit
functions and control design make the — ree if YOU & ire unaffected by high oF low temperature extremes oF
. Bill English)
aa size, high sensitivity and rapid cycling rate make
them ideal for applications in position indicators, co: anging
instruments, limiting switches, flow meters, commutating
instruments and reed relays. Fully inspected.
Actvating time of one millisecond or less. Dry reed switches
have life expectancy of ten million operations; mercury
wetted switches have life expectancy of one billion opera
tions. All switches may be actuated by permanent or electro
magnets. Order optional permanent magnets from table
listed at left. Average shpg. wt. per switch, 1 oz.
instruments a joy to use. This
catalog includes the complete line of
scopes and of their other test
equipment, particularly pulse
generators and amplifiers, all
solidly designed.
from:
Tektronix, inc.
P.O. Box 500
Beaverton, Ore. me
DEFLEX GROUNDING
PLUG. Lets you oper
ate 3-wire appliances from
2 or 3-hole outlets without
adapter. Button on plug
deflects grounding blade
for 2-hole outlets. Tension
spring holds blade against
metal faceplate.
26 A 3066. Wt., 3 oz. 79¢
llb The equipment is expensive -
$735 for the cheapest scope - but
well worth its price.
[Reviewed by Bill English.
Suggested by Mike Brand] ° TYPE 310A OSCILLOSCOPE .. $725
ZHW
3dOISOTUISO
—
|
7-= \ Plastic case fits pocket.
. 26 A 2194. Wt., 11 of.........5.85
aa
4
666
<a
ee
ee
oe
is
onal
or
last
rnal
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ided
non
ting
ree
witches
nercury
opera-
electro
e, table
Basic Electricity
van Valkenburgh, Nooger & Neville, Inc.
1954; 579 pp; 5 vols.
$13.50 set postpaid
‘om:
Book Company, Inc.
116 West Fourteenth Street
New York, N. Y. 10011
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$6.60 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
Basic Electronics
Van Valkenburgh, Nooger & Neville, Inc.
1959; 680 pp; 6 vols.
$14.85 a set postpaid
from:
Hayden Book Company, Inc.
116 West Fourteenth Street
New York, N. Y. 10011
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$7.92 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
are many ways of controlling the amount of feedback. One method
which has been used involves varying the physical position of the tickler
coil with respect to the grid coil. If the coupling between the two coils is
moving the tickler coil away from the grid coil, or rotating it
axis is at an angle to the axis of the grid coil, the amount of
feedback will be reduced. When method is used to control feedback,
a potentiometer is not connected across the tickler coil
You learned that a good way for you to picture the operation of a
grid in a vacuum tube was to think of the grid as a valve in a water
pipe. The British are so fond of this explanation that, to this day,
they call avacuum tube a “valve.” When the grid of the tube is
very negative, the ‘‘valve”’ is closed and there is little or no flow of
electrons from the cathode to the plate. When the grid voltage is
changed so that it becomes only slightly negative, the ‘‘valve”’
isnearly wide open and there is a large flow of electrons from the
cathode to the plate.
Basic Electronics
Basic Mathematics for Electronics
Nelson M. Cooke
1942, 1960; 679 pp.
$8.95 postpaid
from:
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
BASIC MATNEMATICS FOR ELECTROMICS
(a) (b)
Fic. 32-8 Current i leads voltage e by phase angle of 6.
Electronics Page
Graphically illustrated and intelligently sequenced, the
Basic Electricity (vo/s. 1-5) and Basic Electronics (vo/s 1-6)
sets from Rider are the easiest route from innocence to
usefulness in electronics without an unnecessary load of
math and physics. Good rudiments.
/f you plan to go very far with electronics, you will need
heavier math. Basic Mathematics for Electronics keeps
matters practical.
If you're already somewhat into electronics the Rider sets
will insult you. A better route into deeper work is the well-
regarded Elements of Radio.
For work with Silicon Controlled Rectifiers, the handiest
device for controlling AC power to lights, motors, heaters,
etc., get the comprehensive SCR Manual from GE.
A simple, non-technical, concrete, lucid, complete user's
guide to hi-fi is High Fidelity Systems
The comprehensive all-purpose reference on audio everything
is Audio Cyclopedia
[Evaluated by Marv Vickers, Fred Richardson,
Les Rosen] .
Elements of Radio
Abraham Marcus and William Marcus
1965; 672 pp.
$8.44 postpaid from:
Prentice Hall
Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 07632
Fig. 15-14. Diagram of
the complete receiving set.
using the triode as a de-
tector. The symbol 2 WEG.
orer the grid leak stands
for 2 megohms. The svm-
bol 30. over the rheostat
stands for 30 ohms.
Discrete transistors (where electronics was 10 years ago) are
very easy to work with. It is far easier to get into construction
and design with transistors than it ever was with tubes. No
chassis, no heavy components to mount, no high voltage,
power supply can be a battery, etc. Very cheap, too. Trying
to work with ‘‘state of the art’ components (wherever that
is now) is very expensive, parts are difficult to get and
information is often unreliable.
—Fred Richardson
“ar
Manual
4th
Edition
SCR Manual
F. W. Gutzwiller, ed.
1967; 513 pp.
$3.00 postpaid
from:
General Electric Company
Dept. B.
3800 North Milwaukee Avenue ge
Chicago, | linois 60641
High Fidelity Systems
Roy F. Allison
1962, 1965; 91 pp.
$1 .25 postpaid
from:
Dover Publications, Inc.
180 Varick Street
New York, N. Y. 10014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
STRIP INSULATION AT
BOTH ENDS. TWIST
WIRES TOGETHER
AND SOLDER
DIRECTION OF
MAXIMUM SENSITIVITY
CUT ONE WIRE OF PAIR
CUT WIRE TO TWIN LEAD
GOING TO TUNER
CONNECT TO FM ANTENNA
TERMINALS OF TUNER
How to make a simple FM antenna which is very effec-
tive in favorable receiving locations.
Still simpler, and satisfactory in favorable reception areas, is the
twin-lead antenna shown in the diagram. This can be stapled inside
a closet, on the back of a cabinet holding high-fidelity equipment,
along a baseboard moulding, or in any convenient location so long
as it isn’t very close to large bodies of metal.
One final note on hum: don’t overlook the possibility that it may
be mechanical noise. The power transformer of an amplifier can
buzz at a hum frequency if the mounting bolts or the windings
aren't tight. Cures include tightening the mounting bolts and
shock-mounting the amplifier on a soft pad. Leave holes for
ventilation, of course.
Acoustic feedback usually can be cured (or at least reduced to
insignificance) by improving the shock mounts under the turn-
table. Putting the speakers on thick pads of foam rubber may
help also, particula:ly if they rest on the floor. In some severe
cases you may have no alternative to increasing the distance
between the turntable and speakers.
High Fidelity Systems
Audio Cyclopedia
Howard M.
1959, 1969; 1757 pp.
$29.95 postpaid ($35.95 ppd in Canada)
from:
The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc.
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, |ndiana 46206
|
>
ARRANGEMENT TO VARY 5 Po
COUPLING BETWEEN :
000035
=
af!
Shaft to
Grid t Rotate Tickler
plug
nsion =
;
*
Writing and Illuminating and Lettering
Publish your own book and let the New York madness go
choke. Photo-offset on newsprint is incredibly cheap. To
make up CATALOG pages we spent $150 a month for an
IBM selectric composer and $850 for a Polaroid MP-3
camera with half-tone kit, and that’s high-rent. With this
$7 book and loving care you could hand-make a publication
more personal than speech.
[Suggested by Richard F. Wheeler]
WRITING AND
ILLUMINATING
(ND LETTERING
Johnston
. 1969; 439 pp.
Edwar:
1906 ..
$6.95 postpaid
from:
Pitman Publishing Corporation
EDWARD JOHNSTON 20 East 46th Street
New York, N. Y. 10017
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Artistic Crafts Series
$4.20 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
ABCOE
=
Writing and Illuminating and Lettering
X
Laying &
Burnishing
Gold
EGINNINGS o£
books are
an initial letter. AC
largg versal ~three or
more
AVOIDind
| | a.
by writing smatter
MONOGRAMMAT
EATMEN:1F HE
STACE DEMANDS IT
Fic. 107.
BURNISHING THE GOLD
OF QUILLS GENERALLY
For ordinary use the nib may be cut with a fairly
steep angle, as shown
(magnified) at a, fig. 36.
But it is better for all
careful work and fine,
sharp writing that the
angle be made very
sharp: the knife blade
islaid back (much flatter
than is shown in fig.
29) and the quill is cut
quite thin; the knife
blade is then held verti-
cal and the extreme tip
of the nib is cut off sharp
and true (6, fig. 36).
INSéT IETTERS:& TALL:
A richer palette is offered, and well described, by Advertising
Graphics. Drawing, rendering, indication, type, layout, and
on through the production process. McLuhan says that ads
are good news. Since good news is boring, it’s put the bur-
den on advertisers to acid-coat their sugar pill. If we’d had =
this book back at our beginning, | suspect our $1 Catalogs
*
Advertising Graphics KEEP SLADE
PLATE AT Low
Who wants to make a book of just type and a few clunky Windowing. \f your ad includes a few rectangular halftones either ANOLE To
illustrations? [lf you do, see Bookmaking, opposite. —». ] i == same size or reductions, rectangles of black or the red artist aid can PREVENT
be pasted in position on the black plate or base of the pasteup. CHATTERING-
When the black (line) copy is shot, the rectangles will appear as
transparent windows in the black negative. After the halftones are
shot fhey can be positioned under these windows and burned into
the printing plate right with the line work. Of course if the half-
tones are to be reduced, the artist must figure the scaling to make
' certain the width and length of the pasted rectangles are propor-
would be a /ot livelier to look at.
[Suggested by Stephen Sulka]
Graphics
H. William Bockus, Jr.
1969; 251 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
The Macmillan Company
Front and Brown Streets
Riverside, Burlington County
New Jersey 08075
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Thought Forms
Well, for once I’m truly sorry our reviews are limited to
illustrations in shades of grey. The power of these 58
extraordinary images is mostly in their color, unexpect-
able, unearthly, delicious. The images were seen by the
authors as clear representations of human states of
mind. Pioneer work. é
[Suggested by Jordan Belson]
THOUGHT- FORMS
Thought-Forms
1901, 1969; 77 pp.
$3.45 postpaid
from:
Theosophical Publishing House
Box 270
Wheaton, Illinois 60187
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Annie Besant and C, W. Leadbeater
tional to the reduced halftone neg. Using a mechanical scaler is
one of the quickest ways to do this.
\ portioning—, enlarging
or reducing on a ground
leoe | glass plate. The artist or , «
stripper can then trace, 4; 2 must beac:eto
| | the image. Or ty pography, jetterivg, and
* the human figure quickly aad cte4rly.
fype ts usuaily indicated by usics
Chisel-point pesr.cils of varying
width.
Cut our youR OR
A SYMBOL. FRom A BLOCK
OF Woop OR ART GUM
ERASER. USE iT TO
STAMP YOUR FRINTS ORL
STATIONERY AS Your,
IDENTIFYING “ CHOP".
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Three general principles underlie the production
of all thought-forms:
1. Quality of thought determines color.
2. Nature of thought determines form.
3. Definiteness of thought determines clearness
of outline.
METI
Order
Case, |
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U.S.A
Persor
to
well,
Static
their |
Canac
dollar
The C
P.O.
Bank
Posta
Prices
EAR’
A tex
Shou:
custo
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hy to the size. See figs. book.
J. 106. & 1048 for so
é
beaut
finish
to sta
Book:
| Marsh
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from:
New Y
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Bookmaking-
A textbook for book designers.
PROOFREADERS’ MARKS
Marginal
should enable anyone from author to si rh Mark in text Meaning Corrected text
customer to communicate intelligently about
any aspect of the design or production of a 4 Proofreading$ Delete, take out letter or | Proofreading
hook. Probably the only existent reference word
-
for someone who needs to deal with printers Legibilfity is wnt dene wp Legibility is
and publishers, and isn’t quite sure he knows
an offset from a castoff. Perhaps the best thing frst the,requirement Insert marginal addition | the first requirement
that can be said about this book is that it is ws ofa proof reader's marks.| Close up entirely of a proofreader's marks.
P. peautifully designed, but by the time you w Symbols_should be Less space Symbols should be
finish reading it you M pr obably know enough pi madegneatly and Push space down to avoid | made neatly and
to start criticizing its design. gelatin’
7 king tt injine with Add space in line with
Marshall Lee 2q.4# the“texe “eo%which Space evenly the text to which
r 1965; 399 pp. q they refer,[Place New paragraph they refer.
7 $1 2.75 postpaid marks carefully.>) No new paragraph Place marks
nF Paragraphs may be carefully. Paragraphs
R. R. Bowker Company may be
1180 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 10036
G, or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
To reconcile the sometimes divergent needs of the
J L various aspects of bookmaking, decide first on what
Illustrations should be done creatively, then modify these
/ scattered through text decisions as necessary to accomodate the practical Elect It Lis
considerations. !n other words, plan the ideal first “iectra ita
”* and retain as much of it as you can. This works ‘ The aa of a page is affected by no less
—_ better than any other procedure because the creative | Oblique} than 9 factors:
process functions best when it is free of practical ‘e (a) typeface,
considerations. The moment you accept mechanical I:lectra Cursive (b) size of type,
or economic limitations, your imagination tends to (c) _Jength of line,
freeze. Not that it merely restricts itself to the (d) _ leading, ale
; practicable—it tends to act as though the limiting (e) page pattern (which includes margins”),
walls were made of glass, and it swings in a cramped Janson J anson (f) contrast of type and paper (which includes color),
, , (g) - texture of paper,
Baskerville Baskerville (bh) typographic relationships (heads, folios, ets.), and
(i) suitability to content.
arc far short of those walls. This is a safe enough
procedure, but it precludes any chance of extending
Caslon Caslon
Granjon Granjon
Color has 3 aspects: (a) hue, (b) intensity, and (c) value.
|
o Hue—This is the ‘color’ of the color (red, blue, yellow, green,
Spartan , etc.).
Metro Intensity—This is the purity of the color (intensity is lowered
Erbar Light Condensed as the color is grayed or ‘softened’).
f Circular Optima Value—This is the darkness of the color (even in pure primary
— Four kinds of development in screen News Gothic colors there is variation in value—yellow is lighter than blue,
sequence V, blue is lighter than red, etc.; however, an intense yellow may
ogue be darker than a blue whose intensity [and value] has been -
Gothic Condensed Ko. 2 lowered by the addition of white). ee
GOTHIC NO. 31
There are many considerations involved in matching printer to
~ job, #wethe main ones are:
(a) the kind of presses he has (letterpress, offset lithography,
gravure),
(b) the size presses he has,
(c) the number of presses he has (this relates to capacity to
Memphis
Cairo
Black well’s Books, England
Black well’s Bookstore in Oxford, England, is a service which
the Ca talog should list. Their collec tion is probably the ee ee produce),
ze world’s most comprehensive and they run a global service, . — $3 (d) the kind of work he has done,
ind providing lengthy, free, separate catalogs on about 25 American Booksellers Association HH - the quality of his work,
subject areas, including children’s books, books in other # and
ly. languages, science, literature, philosophy, religion, math- If ancl thinking about retailing books, 3
ema tics, etc. Their pr ices are signi fican tly lower and they there’sa you should know about.
will not send a book which can be obtained more chea ly $25 you can
G in America unless you so request. They will open an merican Booksellers Association an rH P
account for you, accept your personal check, and bill you get two very useful things. 1) The Book # Wittenborn and Co.
Buyer’s Handbook, which lists all the 3
publishers and all the necessary trade
information—addresses, discounts, credit
terms, returns policies, officers, etc.
2) Single Copy Order Forms, which
facilitate orders for single books and
get approximately the same discount
you would expect for an order of five
books. Among other things, the form
makes it possible to have a book sent
straight from the publisher to the customer.
semi-annually. They also buy up old libraries (occasionally
famous ones, recently John Masefield’s) and issue catalogs
on second-hand books and first editions. They have a
cable code BOOKS OXFORD and a code system for some
catalogs which enables you to place an order with a mini-
mum of cost ina hurry. The books arrive slowly but the
catalogs keep coming in all year long and are a great
delight themselves.
[Suggested and reviewed by Larry Schwartz]
3 When it comes to buying books by mail I’ve had few times
8: when it’s been really necessary. Mostly they’ve been when
I’ve been away from New York and | wanted the book NOW.
If the book involved the visual arts and came from anywhere
in the world, I’ve sent the price or its approximation to
Wittenborn and presto! They have always responded
immediately and more than satisfactorily. Theyre the kind
of book store that has most of the staff mailing or typing—
busy—not getting in your hair if you want to browse but
always helpful. We've never been able to think of a book
Catalog j ] they haven’t been able to help us with; they are always
free 9 Suggested by The Checkered Frog. ready to refer you to someone else if they can’t help out.
B 2 A «> K W E Fe ® S They have always been a regular stop for information
from: re-charge with us. Introducing new customers is always a
American Booksellers Association, Inc.
175 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10010
Broad Street, Oxford, England
charge: they get kind of watery knees as they begin
browsing and suddenly bank accounts fail.
Wittenborn publishes free lists of recent arrivals on their
shelves; they are mailed irregularly. They give a 10%
“courtesy discount” with some arm twisting. They are
METHODS OF PAYMENT
Orders and correspondence should, in every BOOK BUYER'S
case, be sent direct to Oxford. The follow- HANDBOOK the best source in the U. S. for back issues of art and
ing addresses are for remittances only. ~~ :: architecture magazines from both the U. S. and most
USA. everywhere else. They also publish and/or distribute many
and :: small publications such as Ed Ruscha’s Royal Road Test
personal check in dollars (£1=$2.40) sent % 3 and | blicati ch as T. Art. /n sh
to Blackwell's in Oxford; or to B.H. Black- Such as Art. in short,
well, Ltd., P.O. Box 1452, Church Street #3 /t’s a book freak’s heaven.
Station, New York, New York 10008 (for
their account with the Bankers Trust Co.). #3 - (Suggested and reviewed by ONYX]
Canada: by personal cheque in Canadian Catalog
dollars (£=$2.61) sent to Blackwell's, or to = free
The Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, s:
P.O. Box 6003, Montreal 3, P. Q., or by 33 from:
ss Wittenborn and Co.
$s: 1018 Madison Avenue
ss New York, N. Y. 10021
Bank Draft in sterling, or by Canadian
Postal Money Order.
Prices given for Blackwell's in the WHOLE
EARTH CATALOG do not include shipping.
‘pales
7. |
| aA \ are
e-
e
e-
the
se
ee
ee
ss
se
ee
se
ee
Fed oe
»
:
es
$$
ee
ee
*
The Reader’s Adviser (vol 2)
“A Layman’s Guide to the Best in Print in General Biography,
History, Bibles, World Religions, Philosophy, Psychology, the
Sciences, Folklore, the Lively Arts, Communications and
Travel.” And, by God, it is. As access to quality, it beats
college.
—
THE
ADVISER
the Best i
Biography, History,
The Reader’s Adviser (vol. 2)
Winifred F. Courtney, Ed.
1969; 912 pp.
$ 15.95 postpaid
from:
R. R. Bowker Co.
1180 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 10036
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
A quarterly published by American Association for the
Advancement of Science (the people who publish Science).
Most of the reviews are specific and quite nitty-gritty, if
they don’t like a book they often cite better books on the
same subject. /t reviews books right on down to kinder-
garten level; very helpful in locating non-anthropomorphic,
factual, logical, and withal delightful books for young ones.
[Suggested and reviewed by John Lord]
Science Books
$6.50 /yr., (quarterly)
THE KING JAMES VERSION is known as the Authorized Version,
although, as a matter of fact, it was never authorized by the King.
It was, however, initiated by him as the result of a Puritan complaint
that the Coverdale Authorized Version, revised as the Bishops’ Bible
(1568), was not accurate. He appointed a group of scholars to under-
take the task of fresh translation. Later editions had printed on their
title pages, ‘Appointed to be read in the churches,”’ which probably
gave rise to the legend of authorization. The King James Version
was made in 1607-11 during the lifetime of Shakespeare——the
Golden Age of English literature. It was translated by 54 scholars
and is the most famous English Bible.
Dwight Macdonald (like many who value the Bible as literature)
regrets the fact that those who, with justice, have set out to correct
this translation, have usually gone too far and bowdlerized great
passages. For many the King James, with all its imperfections, can
naver be surpassed for poetry, religious feeling and majesty and
loveliness of utterance. In ‘Against the American Grain’’ (Random
1952 Vintage Bks. pap. $1.95) in his essay on the Revised Standard
Version called ‘‘Updating the Bible,’’ Mr. Macdonald writes: “‘The
King James Version is probably the greatest translation ever made.
It is certainly ‘The Noblest Monument of English Prose,’ as the
late John Livingston Lowes called his essay on the subject. ‘Its
phraseology,’ he wrote, ‘has become part and parcel of our common
tongue. ... Its rhythms and cadences, its turns of speech, its
familiar imagery, its very words are woven into the texture of our
literature. ... The English of the Bible. . . is characterized not
merely by a homely vigor and pithiness of phrase but also by a
singular nobility of diction and by a rhythmic quality which is, |
think, unrivalled in its beauty.’ ... The speed with which it was
accomplished was possible only because it was not so much a new
translation as a synthesis of earlier efforts, the final form given to a
continuous process of creation, the climax to the great century of
English Bible translation.”
Oxford University Press—The Oxford line of Bibles is the most
extensive on the market. The Oxford Bible paper, used in their
finer editions, is made by a secret process, and is the most opaque
India paper made. Oxford prints mainly the King James Version,
but has some Bibles in the Revised Standard Version. ‘‘Oxford—
America’s Gift Bible since 1675” is no idle advertising slogan.
LAO-TZU (also Lao-tse or Lao-tsze; orig. Li Erh). c. 604-531 B.c.
Tre Wisvom of Laorse. Trans. by Lin Yu-t'ang. Modern Library 1948 $2.45
Tao Te Tat Book ov tHe Way ano Irs Virtue. (With title “The Way of
Life: Tao Te Ching”) trans. by R. B. Blakney. New Am. Lib. 1955 pap. $.95
Tao Ten Crine. Trans. by J. H. Wu St. John's Unie. Press $2.00; trans. by D. C. Lau
Penguin 1964 pap. $.95
bir Way or Lao Tzv. Trans. by Wing-’sit Chan. Lib. Arts-Merrill 1963 $6.50 pap.
1.95
Tut Way or Lire. By Witter Bynner. The poet's version of the reflections of Lao Tzu.
John Day 1944 $2.50; Putnam 1y62 Capricorn Bks. pap. $.95
Tue Canon of Reason ano Vieree. (Tao Teh King.) Ed. by Paul Carus, Chinese-
English Open Court rev. ed. $2.00 pap. $.95; (with title “Tao Tch King: Interpreted
as Nature and Intelligence”) ed. by Archie }. Bahm Ungar 1958 $3.75
Cuvane Tzv, Secections. Trans. and ed. by Fung Yu-lan. Paragon Reprint $6.00
Treatise on Responst ano Retaretion. (Tai-Shang Kan-Ying P'ien.) Contains Chinese
text and explanatory notes. Trans. by Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki and Paul Carus, 1906;
ed. by Paul Carus. Open Court 1444 $1.50 pap. 1950 $.95
Tue Savincs or Lao Tzu. Trans. with introd. by Lionel Giles. 1950. Paragon Reprint
$1.75
128.2 MAN’S MIND
The Writings of William James: A Comprehensive Edition. Ed. with
introd. by John J. McDermott, including ‘Annotated Bibliography”
of James’ works. Random 1967 $15.00; Modern Library Giant $4.95
“The vast selection of pieces represents the diversity in James’
thinking that most collections miss; there is a bibliography of James’
writings, and a learned introduction that . . . provides a good account
of James’ ideas, particularly his changing ideas of consciousness’’
—(New Republic).
WALTON, IZAAK. 1593—1683.
The Compleat Angler: or, The Contemplative Man’s Recreation.
1653—1676. Dutton Everyman’s 1906 $2.45; ed. by John Buchan
Oxford 1914 World's Classics 1935 $2.75
“The Compleat Angler,” one of the most famous books in English,
was written by a self-educated ironmonger. Walton wrote it for his
own pleasure as well as that of others; it not only describes the
technique of angling, but is a contemplative essay on the peace and
quietude attained by the fisherman. After its first appearance in
1653 there were frequent revisions adding new material during the
author's lifetime. George Saintsbury called Walton's style one of a
“singular and golden simplicity.’ In spite of Walton’s background
he became recognized as a ‘‘gentieman”’ of cultured tastes and
learning. An Anglican and Royalist, he was overjoyed with the
Restoration. In his own time, Walton was known as a biographer,
author of the ‘’Lives of Donne and Herbert” (Cambridge $.90)
and “‘Lives of John Donne, Sir Henry Wotton, Richard Hooker,
George Herbert and Robert Sanderson” (Oxford $2.75).
Kenneth Rexroth wrote a charming essay on ‘‘The Compleat Angler”
in the Saturday Review of Sept. 16, 1967, which catches the secret
of its enduring appeal——and that of its author shining through it:
“\zaak Walton, above all other writers in English, owes his enormous
popularity to his virtues as a man, and these virtues are what con-
dition his style and give his work its fundamental meaning. Millions
have read him with joy who have never caught a fish since child-
hood, if at all. Indeed, ... in America at least, most of the kinds of
fish he talks about are left to small boys. The second half of the
Compleat Angler was added in late editions and written by Charles
Cotton as a guide to trout fishing in rough water. Those who want
to know how to catch fish can learn most from Cotton's additions.
We read Izaak Walton for a special quality of soul .. . for his tone,
for his perfect attunement to the quiet streams and flowered
meadows and bosky hills of the Thames valley long ago. ... It
may sound outrageous to say that !zaak Walton wrote one of the
Great Books——and that about catching fish——because he was a
saint, but so itis. ... He is, in fact, an unusual embodiment of
a quietly powerful tradition, that of the contemplative laymen,
St. Thomas More, Nicholas Ferrer, William Law, Gilbert White.
After the eighteenth century this type is more commonly found
in the sciences than in religion. And like Gilbert White’s
Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, Walton's The
Compleat Angler is, in a sense, a scientific work, an outstanding
example of the piety of science.”
\zaak Walton. By Margaret Bottrall. Pamphlet. British Bk.
Centre pap. $.75
The Art of ‘‘The Compleat Angler."’ By John R. Cooper. Prof-
essor Cooper teaches English and the humanities at the Uni-
versity of Chicago. Duke Univ. Press 1967 $6.00
ROSLANSKY, JOHN D. (ed.) The Human Mind. NY: Fleet, 1969. (c. 1967).
175 pp. $6.95. 67-30304.
The proceedings of the third Nobel Conference is presented in this book. The con-
tents include seven papers from a variety of viewpoints, ranging from pure science,
“Biochemical Aspects of Learning and Memory” (H. Hyden) to “Christian Hu-
manism and the Human Mind” (J. Gustafson). The majority of papers, however,
are concerned with the biochemistry and biophysics of mental evolution, develop-
ment and activity. While all are written at a high level, the lead paper by Sir John
Eccles, “Evolution and the Conscious Self,” provides an excellent introduction to
the development of man’s mental processes and should be readily understood by the
most casual layman. The book is a series of specific papers representing the special
interests of the writers, and does not in any sense present an overview of the current
state of knowledge of the human mind. C-P *
SCIENCE BOOKS
621.47 SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING.
HALACY, D. S., Jr. Experiments With Solar Energy. NY: Norton, 1969. 147 pp.
illus. $4.14. 69-18892.
Catalog
Free
from:
Movement Speakers Bureau
333 East 5th Street
New York, N. Y. 10003
from:
Publications Department
American Association for the Advancement
of Science
1515 Massachusetts Avenue N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20005
*
Movement Speakers Bureau
/s an access to radicals catalog. A percentage of the
speaker's fee goes to the Movement. (Why do / keep
thinking of bowels.) Abbie Hoffman, Dr. Spock, Hugh
Romney, Murray Bookchin, Paul Krassner, Noam Chomsky,
Arthur Waskow, Tim Leary, Reies Tijerina, okay, okay.
MOVE.SPEAK.
CATALOG OF THE
Experiments with Solar Energy is a revised and updated version pf the author's Fun
with the Sun published in 1959. Being collateral reading, it might serve as a class-
room or family science project manual. Directions are given on the selection of
materials, approximate cost, the construction and operation of devices utilizing solar
energy; solar furnaces; cardboard cooker; solar oven; water heater; solar still; radio;
and a solar-powered airplane. Emphasis is placed on the utilization of solar energy
in space vehicles and its potential use on lunar stations that offers opportunities to
enterprising and imaginative young people. Its expanded usefulness on earth, par-
ticularly, in arid lands is not overlooked. The value of this updated volume is en-
hanced by the inclusion of clear diagrams and illustrative photographs, lists of firms
engaged in solar-energy applications and a subject index. A more comprehensive
bibliography would have been desirable. |See also Solar Energy by John Hoke; Watts.
1968; S/B 4(1) 59.| SH *
*
Whole Earth Catalog
For a publication whose purpose is to egg on the conjuring
and living of new forms, the Catalog is rather a traditional
instrument, no more radical than Sears Roebuck or Con-
sumer Reports, merely attuned to a new market, the sub-
economy of dope and rock. A richer playground of bright
ideas, and other voices, is the 4-times-a-year Supplement,
now called $1 Catalog,
Whole Earth Catalog °
$8 /yr: 2 big CATALOGS, 4 $1 Catalogs (Jan, March, July, Sept.)
$4 Fall 69 CATALOG, 128 pp.
$3 spring 70 CATALOG, 144 pp.
$3 Fall 70 CATALOG, 144 pp. (November)
from:
Whole Earth Catalog
558 Santa Cruz Avenue
Menlo Park, CA 94025
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Cul:
Mar:
1971
spe
bur
Fre
fir
AB
Ezré
193
A Laymans Guide to
Print in General
> : Psychology, the Sciences, Folklore, i
ae the Lively Arts, Communicati ans.
ae and Travel « New llth Edi ion, or V
Cu
:
and
spr
To.
*
Science Books
Ads
3 \ talk.
Alta
men
are t
tribe
se
se
ee
ee
ee
ss
rH
=
ss
ee
ee
ee
as
“ith
4.95
ves’
7 pp.
Fun
class-
n of
solar
adio;
es to
par-
en-
firms
nsive
Vatts,
ABC of Reading
In grade and high school | was taught how to hate Shake-
speare, most novelists, and all poetry. College merely
burnished my ignorance, adding the ability to hate in
French. Ezra Pound, where were you when | needed you?
Through Pound, literature becomes a place to revel, con-
irm, maybe even grow. :
saa [Suggested by Frank Deis]
|
ABC of Reading
Ezra Pound
1934; 206 pp.
$1.60 postpaid
from:
New Directions Publishing Corp.
J. B. Lippincott Co.
East Washington Square
Philadelphia, PA 19105
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Culture is Our Business
McLuhan’s best format. Each pair of pages has a reprint of
an ad on the right, and fresh McLuhan aphorisms, quotes,
and misquotes on the left. The resulting energy across the
spread is economic and multi-directional——i.e. you make
it Pound’s statement (above) about Chaucer and Shake-
speare applies as well to McLuhan.
To me he is as valuable. His news stays news.
Culture Is Our Business from:
Marshall McLuhan McGraw-Hill Book Co.
1970; 336 pp. Princeton Road =
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
$10.00 postpaid
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
‘or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
!
‘
Ads are the cave art of the twentieth century. While the Twent.es
talked about the caveman, and people thrilled to the art of the
Altamira caves, they ignored (as we do now) the hidden environ-
ment of magical forms which we call “ads.” Like cave paintings,
ads are not intended to be looked at or seen, but rather to exert
influence at a distance, as though by ESP. Like cave paintings,
they are not means of private but of corporate expression. They
are vortices of collective power, masks of energy invented by new
tribal man.
Today, through ads, a child takes in all the times and places of the
world “with his mother’s TV.” He is gray at ‘three. By twelve he
is a confirmed Peter Pan, fully aware of the follies of adults and
adult life in general. These could be called Spock’s Spooks, who
now peer at us from every quarter of our world.
Poets and artists live on frontiers. They have no feedback,
only feedforward. They have no identities. They are probes.
It doesn’t, in our contemporary world, so much matter where
you begin the examination of a subject, so long as you keep on
until you get round again to your starting-point.
Language is a means of communication. To charge language
with meaning to the utmost possible degree, we have, as stated,
the three chief means:
I throwing the object (fixed or moving) on to the visual
imagination.
II inducing emotional correlations by the sound and rhythm
of the speech.
III inducing both of the effects by stimulating the associations
(intellectual or emotional) that have remained in the receiver's
consciousness in relation to the actual words or word groups
employed.
(phanopoeia, melopoeia, logopoeia)
Incompetence will show in the use of too many words.
The reader's first and simplest test of an author will be to look
for words that do not function; that contribute nothing to the
meaning OR that distract from the MOST important factor of
the meaning to factors of minor importance.
Psychically, art is valuable only when new.
‘Literature is news that STAYS news.’
The man who really knows can tell all that is transmissible in a
very few words. The economic problem of the teacher (of violin
or of language or of anything else) is how to string it outsoas
to be paid for more lessons.
Men do not understand BOOKS until they have had a certain
amount of life. Or at any rate no man understands a deep book,
until he has seen and lived at least part of its contents. The
prejudice against books has grown from observing the stupidity
of men who have merely read books.
Chaucer and Shakespeare have both an insuperable courage in
tackling any, but absolutely any, thing that arouses their interest.
The sonnet was first the ‘little tune’, the first strophe of a canzone,
the form found when some chap got so far and couldn't proceed.
Steadily in the wake of the sonneteers came the dull poets.
Invention is the mother of necessity.
COMMERCIALLY, NEW ART IS KOOKY AND WORTHLESS.
The gap between the kooky and the commercially
valuable is closing fast.
er
brief word from the
program...
the 's oldest television rates have rsen jimated 82%. to seeung sds in magarines
joke isnt a joke any more. Production costs have soared. too. $40,000 Every month, for example, almost 13
Are 30 program interruptions an to make one c al isnt unusual
on daytime television reaily funny? Televison can be a highly effective advertising in Good Housekeepng
you're a housewife who's vertising Noone willdeny “hat. What's more, they're predisposed to
mentally tuned-out’ because the But the rowding. the clutter, has
interruptions have become annoying? reached the pount where its effectiveness Our , combined with our
what if you're an advertiser. and vency must now be impressive statistics, has caused a
one of those interruptions is your very You cant saturate @ magazine. one Gnas “4
persuasive, very expens:ve commercial? For one thing, magazines can print as «consider # better balanced
can your message be if many pagesasthey they: With Good Houseteseping as a
it’s preceded by another and increase their a
followed by two more? oa mung
And in light of the cost, how efficient ? —-
television magazine ads don’t intrude.
In the last five years, daytime can reed them when they feel hike it. Good Housekeeping [=5
(Come beck to them. Tear them out.
In fact, most people actually look forward
NBC and CBS could easily become the political ‘parties’ of the
future, just as the New York Central and the Pennsylvania rail-
roads were once the political parties of the nineteenth century.
“Wiretapping,” quoth the raven, “‘is a threat to identity.
Why not beat ‘em to the wire? Get rid of your identity now.”
When the evolutionary process shifts from biology to soft-
ware technology the body becomes the old hardware environ-
ment. The human body is now a probe, a laboratory for
experiments. In the middle of the ninettenth century Claude
Bernard was the first medical man to conceive of /e milieu
interieur. He saw the body, not as an outer object, but as an
inner landscape, exactly as did the new painters and poets
of the avant garde.
If nature didn't, Warner’s will.
Our stretch-anded Young Thing™ bra will do it for 85. Our Young Thing girdle will do it for 89 \Nemrers*
>
is ,
id
e
a
at
of
it
q
e
4
Since Sputnik there is no Nature. Nafure is an as
item contained in a man-made environment ee
° of satellites and information. Goals have ae
now to oe ee by the sensory reprogram-
ming of f environments and DNA particles, Og
alike. The earth is an old nose cone. :
VO
Community Joy
i New England source of Loan Library
natural foods. You can borrow nutrition books for two weeks for the Ade
Foods by Mail Brochure from: cost of postage from: of .
pao ae Company, Inc. Mildred Hatch heal
Sources for foods that are not treated with DDT, fumigants, ry SOR 8 Pine Street New Age Natural Foods mor
etc. Most of these outfits are family affairs, and dedicated: 80ston, Mass. 02115 Johnsbury, VT 7 po
to supplying customers with real foods, mostly by mail. or Headed by Fred Rohe, this is now San Francisco’s largest goo
8003 Beverly Boulevard ‘oe natural food store. Their first mail order catalog is you
now
Los Angeles, CA 90048 available. ss the |
ther
List of 325 Natural Food Sources the
Catalog from: any
Wheat Organic Gardening Magazine has compiled a list of organic Sige th ties only
= : : . food suppliers throughout the U.S. Includes fresh and frozen San Francisco, CA 94122 mee
Deaf Smith County, Texas is a mineral-rich area that produces vegetables, fruits, grains, etc. For 1969-70. ’ pret
wheat with high amounts of protein——the best wheat available. $1.00 postpaid goo
50 Ibs: $3.75 plus postage. ‘
From: from: :
Arrowhead Mills, Inc. Shopping Guide EI Molino
Box 866 Rodale Press
Has wide selection (catalog free) Ire
El Molino Mills
3060 W. Valley Bivd.
HH Alhambra, CA 91803
Perma-Pak
at The Food Mill Walnut Acres Far
The best source we’ve seen for storeable foods —
is this outfit in Utah which caters to keep-a- 3 Large stocks of bulk foods. Ty " Best, most reputable source in U.S. Foods like you've never Fan
year’s-supply Mormons. The prices look # | Gallons of avocado honey, — tasted: unrefined corn germ oil, 40 Ib. tubs of peanut butter, Coc
remarkably good on a wide range of stuff = fresh peanut butter. ‘ ida. 7 krinkled rye cereal. If you order with friends, bulk orders con
from brown rice ($14.95/100 Ibs) to crispy 3 af . are economical,
chips of spun vegetable protein ($44.95/25 Ibs). HH Leaflet from: a = |
They have a “Year’s Food Supply” deal for 3 The Food Mill Brochure from:
$169.95 postpaid (360 Ibs). We're carrying HH 3033 MacArthur Blvd. Walnut Acres Mill & Store
two of their smaller food kits (below) to see # | Oakland, CA Penns Creek, Penna. 17862
what it’s like. HH Ibs.
[Suggested by Gary Snyder] HH Flours 25. 50 100 Fe
-BLENDED BREAD FLOUR 4.24 8.11 15.20
ss ... 15.36 30.50 60.10
ne FLOUR, Raw 5.09 9.40 17.85
#3 The best bread is made from wheat ground just before baking. 3: “CORN FLOUR, aa... 509 9.40 17.83
HH “CORN MEAL, Yellow 4.41 8.47 15.86
# This is a small electric grain grinder manufactured by anold = CORNELL BREAD FLOUR 441 847 13.86
3: dependable company. A unique feature of this machine is 3 _GLUTEN FLOUR .............. 10.03 19.09 37.90
# that it grinds the entire grain kernel, including the germ and
“Catalog # bran, into fine flour. (Other mills generally discard the germ). 3 *RYE FLOUR 387 745 1326
# You fill the hopper and an automatic feed admits the proper 3 *RYE MEAL ..................... 3.70 7.15 13.30
free # amount of grain into the stonié grinding chamber. The Hy SOYA CAROB FLOUR .... 10.30 19.09 37.90
hens 3: carborundum grinding stone never needs redressing, the mill 33 “SOYBEAN FLOUR ............ 6.33 11.85 23.17 | Far
Perma-Pak does not get warm enough to impair the nutritional value of ‘Dai R, 995 189
40 con 2430 South 33 the flour, and fresh stone ground flour...pass the bread! 3 “WHEAT FLOUR, $1
t e City, 8 3 3 Whole, all purpose ............ 3.87 7.45 13.86
and reviewed by Lioyd =| “WHEAT FLOUR, Unbleached
HH white all purpose ............ 4.41 8.47 15.86
Catalog free
West Wisconsin Ave. 55 i Stee
waren Milwaukee, Wise, 63201. Corona Hand Mill
wad # From all we can gather, this is the best of the hand mills Q
:: for grains, etc. With two grindings you get not bad flour.
2-DAY #
Survivac Y he
TISSUES SBI th
be
Food for one for 6 days. No cooking. Freezing does 3 av
not harm. Emergency survival kit including yukon HH peo
biscuits, tropical chocolate, energy tablets, pemmican, FH po
halazone, vitamins, canned water, heat tabs, nylon rH
rope, whistle, fish hooks, etc. rH Tr
or
Karry Kit $8.50 postpaid 3 HH kr
from WHOLE EARTH CATALOG fir
n
ki
33 fa
OUTPUT PER HOUR be
MODEL MOTOR SIZE FINt FLOUR COARS? MFA. PRICE
500 V/eH.P. 3 TO 5LBS. NOT ADJUSTABLE '$ 95,00] $3
600 | V6HP. 3 TOSLBS. 20025188. $125.00] al
$500 | 1/4H.P. 6 TO10LBS. | NOT ADJUSTABLE $145.00)
: HH Corona Hand Mill pi
3 days of balanced rations. No cooking. Ties around 3 $-600 V4HP. 6 TO 10 LBS. 40 TO 45 LBS. $170.00 HH ce
waist or over shoulder. Add water to prepare. FH Hy $12.75 postpaid ($10.00 in the store ) or $10.95 postpaid y
3 Operating Voltage* 115 AC-DC from: from: a
Chow Belt $3.95 postpaid 3 Current Draw _ 3.0 amperes 3 WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Smithfield Implement Co. ce
HH Overall Height 20 inches ss 558 Santa Cruz Avenue 99 N. Mark Street
from WHOLE EARTH CATALOG # Shipping Neight 20 pounds 8 Menlo Park, CA 94025 Smithfield, Utah 84335
Joy of Cooking
Adele Davis and Ohsawa to the contrary, I‘m
of the school that dietary schemes are out-
front paranoia. A healthy mind insures a
healthy body & vice versa; and what’s needed
more than special diets are common sense and
good cooking. No food badly prepared is
good for you. /f you simply insure that all
eat is fresh, unpoisoned, and well prepared,
the vitamins and proteins will take care of
themselves. Rombauer’s Joy of Cooking is
the American bible of food & is essential in
any household where food is enjoyed. Not
only are her recipes enjoyable, but she goes
into the basic structure of food & food
preparation techniques that give the novice a
good idea of what’s happening in the kitchen.
[Reviewed by Johan Mathiesen.
Suggested by Charlotte A. Wolter.]
of Cooki
Joy 8:
Marion Rombauer Becker
1931... 1967; 849 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc.
4300 West 62nd Street
Indianapolis, Ind. 46206
*
Fannie Farmer Cookbook
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Certain vegetables and fruits should not be stored
together. Apples give off an ethylene gas that
makes carrots bitter, for example, and onions
hasten the spoilage of potatoes. Watch for other
such relationships. Do not wash vegetabies until
you are ready to use them and then do not soak
them, except as indicated, because moisture tends
to leach away the water-soluble vitamins.
If you are willing to cut down on refined starch
and sugar iterns, especially fancy baked goods,
bottled drinks and candies, a higher percentage of
the diet dollar will be released for dairy products,
vegetables and fruits. Do not buy more perishable
foods than you can properly store. Use leftovers
cold, preferably. To reheat them with minimal
loss, see page 139.
\
Revised E
S ROMBACER and
MARION ROMBAL ER BECKER
| ss it into crumbs, put them in a plastic bag, and
The Impoverished Students’ Book of
Cookery, Drinkery, & Housekeepery
A brief intelligent introduction to cheap
food preparation.
[Suggested by Derek Shearer]
What to Do with Left-Over Bread
Never throw out any dry, left-over bread.
Slice it, dip it in a mixture of egg-milk-sugar-
vanilla-and a dash-of-salt, fry it in butter and
ss you have French Toast. Cube it, sprinkle with
rH melted butter and garlic sait, brown it under the
ss broiler, and you have Croutons. Roll or grind
3: refrigerate, and you'll never have to buy bread-
ss crumbs. Or just use it dry as a doorstop.
The Impoverished Students’ Book of
Cookery, Drinkery and Housekeepery
Jay F. Rosenberg
1965; 48 pp.
$1 .50 postpaid
from:
Doubleday & Co.
501 Franklin Avenue
Garden City, Long Island, NY 11531
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
ee *
The Soybean Cookbook
HH The Soybean Cookbook
Fannie Farmer is considered by many to surpass Joy of
Cooking in the quality of its recipes. It’s not quite as
comprehensive. It is printed in paperback.
POTATO PANCAKES
Grate and drain
1 teaspoon salt
Grated onion or onion salt to
taste
Stir well. Cook by spoonfuls in
Hot bacon or other fat
turning once. Or cook in one
a pancake. Serve with meats,
wi
Fannie Farmer Cookbook
1896 . .. 1965; 648 pp.
$1.25 postpaid from:
Bantam Books, Inc.
271 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Quantity Recipes
In acommune | lived in in New Mexico we had two major
[Suggested by Cappy McClure and Lois Brand]
POPOVERS
A perfect popover is crisp on the
outside, tender and moist in-
side. The secret of success is
simple—do not overbeat the bat-
ter, and be sure the
are thoroughly baked when you
them from the oven. test
one to be sure.
9 the oven at 450°. Butter muf-
or glass or pottery cus-
cope. Beat until light
2 eggs
Add
1
1
%
Beat until evenly blended (80
seconds in an electric beater).
The batter should be like heavy
cream. Add more milk if neces-
sary. Pour into the pans, having
them % full. Bake 20 minutes.
— heat to 350° and
e about 20 minutes longer.
Makes 8 to 12.
Bacon Popovers. Add to the bat-
ter 4%, cup crumbled cooked,
crisp bacon.
$ This cookbook is listed because too many vegetarians / Dorothea Van Gundy ‘Jones
knoware looking too unhealthy. It’s particularly.
$: poignant when said vegetarian is pregnant and brain-
8: starving the child. Soybeans are extra rich in protein;
8: theyre cheap, and not hard to grow. Now would some
3 professional nutritionist let us know if they flat-out
s replace animal protein? Steve Durkee got laid up for
ss amonth last summer because of too little protein in
8: the diet at Lama. They’re on vegetable protein now.
1963; 240 pp.
$1 .45 postpaid
from: ,
Arc Books
219 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
/s it working, Steve?
ss Soybeans rank as one of the five great protein foods. The beans
ss are unique in nutritional value because of their high percentage
ss of protein and oil. Not only is the protein high in quantity but im ‘HE
3: it is of good quality, being practically the same in food value as SOYBEAN
ss animal protein (meat, milk, fish, and eggs). Chemical analysis COOKBOOK
ss shows that soybeans contain in nearly maximum proportions the ;
3: amino acids essential in the diet of men and animals. This
HH means that soybeans are sufficiently complete to sustain life for
4 an extended period of time. They are the best source of protein
i: from the vegetable kingdom, and can honestly claim the title of
3 “the meat that grows on vines.”
ss Soybeans are an excellent means of making a low-cost diet nutritionally
se safe. They are one of our cheapest sources of nutritious protein. A
ss few cents’ worth of dry beans will serve four to six persons and give
ss them the food value of greater quantities of meat or fish. Soy flour
ss Or grits, at the cost of a few cents, can step up the protein content
4 of a dish to equal the more expensive animal protein foods.
Another means of decreasing the cost of a recipe is by extending the
more expensive items with cheaper ones. Meat stew is used as an
problems: food and sex. This book will go a long way to
helping you solve the first. What a drag to take down the
Joy of ing, find something really groovy to fix for
While you're at it, get their free catalog of Bulletins,
which lists innumerable titles on food, kitchens,
shopping, clothes, flowers, etc., at low cost.
example:
MEAT AND ‘VEGETABLE STEW
yourself and friends and have to spend a half an hour
multiplying all the ingredients by seven or eight knowing
that you couldn’t possibly need a cup of oregano in the
chile, but that’s what your figures say. We ate some pretty
bad experiments and several of the women and men shied
away forever from anything but the lettuce salads. Enormous
pots of food take a certain skill or they become enormous
Yield: 50 servings -
5 servings per pound of meat
pots of glop.
This book starts off with the assumption that you need advice
on measurement adjustment and conversion, that you don’t
know anything about quantity size utensils, that you never
fixed fifty servings of tapioca pudding. How many people
have, before moving into a commune?
The orientation is basically institutional but a lot of that
kind of procedure and method is right at home in a commune
family serving type situation. The most important thing the
book does is show the cook that it’s done all the time.
In my opinion the recipes are basic, that is, | would add here
and there seasonings, etc. to make the food special, new,
hopefully an experience and not just another meal. Like
all cookbooks this finally becomes a guide rather than a
road but it will show you a road and act as a guide until the
Process becomes intuitive. Also, after a few weeks, or months,
cooking creatively can get a bit strained. Cookbooks will pull
you through with the advantage of this one already being
adjusted for a large group. One of the best dollar tools a
community could buy.
[Reviewed by Steve Katona]
[ Suggested by Roger Knights] 3 servings per pound of meat Price per unit
15 pounds beef ... $10.65 $0.71/pound 10 pounds beef........... $7.10
1 cup onions 01 0.03/pound 1 cup onions...........
2 quarts carrots -14 0.06/pound 3 quarts carrots... .... 21
2 quarts potatoes. . 0.04/pound 3 quarts potatoes........ 18
c 1 quart celery rings 09 0.13/bunch 1% quarts celery rings. . Bad
‘ 1% quarts (2% pounds) 2% quarts (4 pounds)
QUANTITY peas, frozen 0.18/pound peas, frozen............
c RECIPES Total cost. . . $11.46 Total cost.......... $8.36
. Cost per serving $0.23 ($11.46 + 50) Cost per serving $0.167 ($8.36 + 50)
«
Quantity Recipes
Marion A. W , Katharine W. Harris
1945, 1966; 233 pp.
$1 .00 postpaid
from:
Cornell Home Economics Extension
New York State College of Human Ecology
Mailing Room
Building 7, Research Park
Cornell University
Ithaca, N. Y. 14850
The cost of left-over foods used in recipes should be included when
figuring costs.
Average serving size and cost of serving, 1966, are given in the
appendix.
FRUIT BROWN BETTY
Yield: 50 servings Size of serving: 2 cup
10 pounds prepared fiuit*
2 quarts crumbs
1. Prepare the fiuit and the crumbs.
2. Combine the spices, sugar, fruit juice, and
lemon juice. Arrange the crumbs and sliced fruit
in layers in greased baking pans. Begin and end
with crumbs. Over cach layer pour some of the
above mixture.
1 teaspoon cinnamon
1, teaspoon nutmeg
114 pounds (314 Cups) sugar.
brown
2 quarts fruit juice and/or water
14 cup lemon juice?
3. Place dots of butter over the top laser. Bake
at $50° F. for one hour. Add more water on fruit
juice if mixture seems too dry.
14 cup butter or fortified mar-
garine
Garnish with:
Whipped cream or lemon or
other fruit spuce or hard sauce
*Fresh, canned, frozen, or dried (stewed) apples,
peaches, apricots, or plums may be used.
Cookery, Drinkery, &
\
fe
—_
3
se
Over 4300 Recipes $3
1200 New Recipes ee
Slew Ilestentices ss
ee
ss
ee
3
se
ee
33
ee
es
er,
1 tablespoon flour or 2 table-
1 tablespoon cream, sweet or
i 1 beaten light ss
milk
p all-purpose flour
Applesauce, cranberry sauce or :
to spoon over the pancakes.
>
=
es
ese
ff
aid
.
Paprik4s Weiss Gourmet Shop
/f a bunch of people are eating out of one kitchen where you
are, it may be worthwhile to treat yourself to some gourmet
equipment. Whether your scene is a logging camp, movie
company, revolutionary cell, or country commune, the best
way to attract and keep good people is with outstanding
COFFEE IN 30 SECONDS
Measure in coffee. Pour in
boiling water. Insert pressure
plunger. Let stand from 30 sec-
onds to 2 full minutes, depend-
ing on desired strength. Push "
plunger to bottom and pour. It’s
as easy as that with the Insta-
Brewer. Made of heatproof Corn-
ing glass with stainiess stee!
working parts, it also makes
superior tea, can be used as a
martini pitcher. 1 to 6 cups.
$13.98 each
*
The Venison Book
/n my experience, getting the deer is the easiest part, if most
written about. The rest of the action——butchering, storing,
Two blades
make the job
twice as fast!
Stainless steel with
[Suggested by Lank Felsen]
No. 481
Catalog =
i PIANO WIRE
$.25 postpaid WHIP
Stainless steel for
from: heavy-duty beating.
Paprikas Weiss Importer 10"size $3.98 12”size $4.59
1546 Second Avenue POT STRAINER 14” size $4.98
New York, N. Y. 10028 Chrome plated black plastic
HOW TO GET A
FRENCH STYLE INSTA- G Tt
BREWER MAKES REAL
AMAZING CHERRY STONER
R PITS EVERY CHERRY ON AN
~, ASSEMBLY LINE BASIS
CHERRY STONED!
It looks like a Rube
contraption and operates wit
the efficiency of a push-button
machine. Al is fill the
le pit is missed. Heavily-tinned
si
No. 500 metal won't rust. $12.98 each
cooking——is the subject of this economical little book.
[Suggested by Barbara Kirschenblatt-Gimblett]
The Venison Book
Audrey Alley Gorton
1957; 78 pp.
$1.95 postpaid from:
The Stephen Greene Press
120 Main Street
Brattleboro, Vt. 05301
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
HAUNCH
* ‘ s
Composition of Foods #3 Home Canning of Fruits and Vegetables
Since natural food does not come with a list of ingredients # You can buy a book on this subject for $5, or you can
on the label, the Department of Agriculture has kindly pre- 3: get these perfectly adequate Government booklets at
pared this authoritative analysis of everything edible. If :: 20¢ apiece.
you're serious about nutrition, it’s a buy. HH
[Suggested by Tassajara Zen Center] :: Home Canning of
Composition of Foods 3
Bernice K. Watt and Annabel L. Merrill ss
1963; 190 pp. 4 ss
$1.50 postpaid $3
from:
Superintendent of Documents $3
U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D. C. 20402
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
NUTRIENTS IN THE EDIBLE PORTION OF 1 POUND OF FOOD AS PURCHASED
Food and description Refuse Food energy Protein Fat
Cake mixes and cakes baked Percent Calories Grams Grams Total
from mixes—--continued Grams
Marble:
Mix, dry form 0 1,928 22.2 61.2 342.9
Cake, made with eggs,
water, boiled white :
icing 7 0 1,501 20.0 39.5 281.2
Carbohydrate
Fruits and
ss Home & Garden Bulletin No. 8
s= 1965, 1969; 31 pp.
$.20 postpaid
Calcium Phosphorus
Mg.
etables
Mg.
*
Gourmet Cooking for Free
What to do with your beavertail, moosenose, wild straw-
berries, fiddleheads, mussels, crayfish, and other non-
supermarket provender.
Gourmet Cooking for Free
Bradford Angier
1970; 190 pp.
$4.95 postpaid from:
Stackpole Books
Cameron & Kelker Streets
Harrisburg, PA 17105
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
GRILLED TROUT
The smaller the trout or other fish, the hotter the grill should be.
If the fish breaks or sticks when you turn it or take it up, then odds
are that you didn’t let the metal get hot enough at the onset. Too,
grease the grill well at the start.
Either salt the inside and outside of the trout up to an hour before
broiling, or sprinkle the inside with freshly ground black pepper and
lemon juice just before it goes on the heat. Whole fish may be split
or not, depending on the size and on your preferences. Even when
the fish has a thick skin well cushioned with fat, brushing frequently
with meited butter will add to the flavor. Once the translucency
of the flesh has clouded to opaqueness, the fish will be ready for
serving.
Paprika butter melted over grilled trout enhances both appearance
and flavor. This can be easily prepared beforehand by melting in
a skillet, proportionately, a tablespoon of butter, mixing in 1/2
teaspoon of powdered onion, and cooking over low heat until
golden, constantly stirring. Allow this to cool, cream with a tea
spoon of paprika and butter, shape into about 1-teaspoon portions
and relegate to the refrigerator.
e
FRIED MUSSELS
One of the first things some hunters fee! obliged
to do is to stab or slit the throat to bleed the car-
cass. This is called “‘sticking.’’ Consensus among
people who have experimented is that this process
is entirely unnecessary, and, in certain instances,
definitely detrimental.
You can use any cut of meat to make “jerky.”
If you are just trying it on for size, though, you
won't be wasting superior meat if you cut your
strips from the flank.
Cut the meat with the grain into strips 1 inch
wide and %-inch thick. Make them any length
you can. Prepare a brine of 6 quarts of water to
2 pounds of salt (the brine should be salty enough
to float an egg in its shell). Soak the strips for 2
days in the brine. Remove and wipe dry. Hang
the strips of meat in the sun to dry; they may be
pinned to the clothesline with spring clips. When
F ‘ they are dry they may be smoked or simply stored
ks : a ; as is, in an airy place well protected with netting.
3: Home Freezing of Fruits and Vegetables
ss Home & Garden Bulletin No. 10
8: 1965, 1969; 47 pp.
$.20 postpaid
Mussels, widely available in both fresh and salt water, afford considerably
more food than a similar amount of clams or oysters because their
shells are so thin. One of the tenderest and most delicate of shellfish,
mussels can be deliciously cooked in all the ways oysters and clams
seesesccstessccsesscceess are prepared. If you live along the California coast, though, be sure to
HH avoid them when they are quarantined from May to October because of
33 their eating a plankton poisonous to humans during that period.
rH All you have to do to prepare mussels is scrub them well, preferably
HH with a wire brush and either pull off the beard (the stringy piece
ss connected to the inside of the shell by which they cling to rocks), or
rH cut it off with the point of a small, sharp knife. Don’t use any that
stay opened when handied. Incidentally, if you steam your mussels
and any have remained closed, discard these without opening them,
as the shells will be filled with mud.
For temptingly fried mussels, briefly steam them with a smal! amount
of water in a covered pot until they open. Then discard all black parts,
and if you haven't already bearded them, do this now. Dip in beaten
egg. Then roll in either fine cracker or bread crumbs that have been
salted and prepared to taste. Fry very lightly in butter until a creamy
golden yellow.
SEA MOSS BLANCMANGE
The seaweed called Irish moss (Chondrus), common along the
Atlantic shores of Canada and the United States where it can be
gathered at low tide, cooks up into a delicate blancmange which is
so digestible that many drug stores stock it for invalid diets. You can
harvest this moss at any season, wash it well in fresh water, and then
dry it for future use. Spread out in the sun, it bleaches a pearly white.
When ready to cook, soak 1/2 cup of this iodine-rich marine alga,
also called carrageen moss, for 20 minutes in enough cold water to
cover it. Then drain and pick out any discolored bits. Add what
is left to a quart of milk in the top of a double boiler. Cook over
boiling water for 30 minutes. Then strain the milk.
.
Stir 1/4 cup sugar, a teaspoon vanilla, and 1/4 teaspoon salt into
the strained milk. Turn into cups or molds that have been immersed
in cold waiter, chill in the refrigerator until firm, and then serve with
cream and sugar. A topping of wild strawberries really sets these off.
Peaches can be peeled easily if they are dipped
in boiling water, then in cold water.
both from:
Superintendent of Documents
U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D. C. 20402
Thiamine Ribo- Niacin
Sodium Potassium Vitamin A Ascorbic Acid
value flavin
Mg. Mg. Mg. Int'l Units Mg. Mg. Mg. Mg.
4.5 1,728 853 Trace 0.13 0.41 2.0 Trace
3.6 1,175 553 410 0.10 0.38 1.0 Trace
*
No. 391
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Winemaking
At some time in everyone’s life he’s collected together raisins,
sugar and baker’s yeast in a gallon wine jug and eagerly awaited
the product. More often than not this resulted in an overly
sweet, /ow power, cloudy “amber brew” that discouraged him
from further efforts at wine making. Amateur wine making
though long practiced is only slowly evolving from the “word
of mouth” phase. These two British books are the best that
I’ve seen; however, one does not learn wine making by reading
pooks——he learns good habits and a feel for the techniques
of wine making. From there on it is a matter of how much
imagination one has, since amateur wine makers have made
many delightful wines out of the most unlikely ingredients
(Flowers, potatoes, parsnips, rose hips, rhubarb, etc.). Bravery’s
book (Successful Winemaking at Home) is scientific and
meticulous with details. He says all wine recipes in his book
have been tested personally and are of excellent quality if
you follow his general rules for making good wine——and |
believe him. However, they are for single (Imperial) gallons
(5 quarts) which | feel hardly makes it worth the trouble
unless it is a very special recipe. Five gallon spring water
“pottles are more convenient sizes for tested recipes and
thirsty friends.
Berry's book (First Steps in Winemaking) is worth while
because he has many photos and diagrams of apparatus
which | feel is essential to one’s initial concept of the process.
He has a lot of “hints” and so forth, many of which are
sound, but if there’s a discrepancy | would stick to Bravery’s
interpretation. Both books and many others not mentioned
have recipes which should get you started. Wines can be
made all year if you are willing to experiment.
A few things to remember: Read the principles of wine
making carefully; wine and yeast are gentle things and they
have to be cared for. Wine yeast is very important and well
worth purchasing from dealers. (If you have an idea of
sterile transfer techniques and the knowledge that it only
takes one little yeast cell you can devise ways of making
one commercial culture of yeast grow two years worth of
wine.) Equipment can be expensive at specialty stores but
wine is easily made in 10-20 gallon polyethylene garbage
cans, “clipped”’ five gallon water bottles (at 1.50 per) at
spring water dealers, fermentation locks of the plastic
variety, a J shaped siphon to avoid “racking the lees.
Tempeature is very critical and / recommend a thermo-
statically controlled heater or room or perhaps an immers-
ible fishtank heater. Tap water has yeast killing chlorine
init: to remove it boiling is probably the easiest, tho if
you're doing 20 gallons it can become tedious——chlorine
will escape if left to the air for a day or so. Add Sodium
Bisulfite (Sodium metabisu/fite & Campden to the
British); it is an inhibitor to all wild yeasts and many bac-
teria, but wine yeasts are resistant to it, so you encourage
your special yeast’s growth and avoid spoilers. It also
allows you to avoid heating to sterilize the whole batch.
A stronger solution can be used very nicely for sterilizing
clean bottles, etc., without affecting the taste of the wine.
Lastly one should call the Feds and register (it’s free) and
avoid a possible hassle.
[Reviewed by Dr. James Fox.
Suggested by Tom Wellman]
Below are several catalogues——1 & 2 have good reputations
... the others I’ve no experience with.
1. Aetna Bottle Co., Inc., 708 Rainier Avenue South, Seattle, WA 98144
[Suggested by Duane Matterson]
. The Wyne Table, Box. 490, Norman, Oklahoma 73069
Wine Art of America, 4324 Geary Bivd., San Francisco, CA
Semplex of USA, Box 12276, Minneapolis, Minn. 55412
[Suggested by Tom Wellman]
the bacchanalia, 321 Saugatuck Station, Westport, Conn. 06880
[Suggested by Patrick N. Baker]
E. S. Kraus, P. O. Box 451, Nevada, Mo. 64772
>
More on Semplex (No. 4 in list)
Everything for anybody into his own wine, or thinking about it.
Homemade wine is good, cheap; fun to make and drink.
Semplex of USA is the American agent for a very good English
firm. Most of their material is imported (nobody in the USA
makes it) and expensive compared to English prices, but cheaper
than available anywhere else I’ve found. Their service is excellent
and personal.
They supply everything from pure strains of wine yeast (cheap
and really necessary for good wine) to chemicals and incidentals
for the more advanced freak. They also carry an excellent stock
of books on winemaking from England, Germany and the USA.
(I recommend “First Steps in Winemaking” by C. J. J. Berry, $1.95)
Anyone can easily make a really good (not merely a non-poisonous)
wine for about $1.40 a gallon. ,
[Reviewed by Tom Wellman]
MONTRACHET WINE YEAST:
A new product put out by a large company which supplies many
commercial wineries. It is in active dry granulated form and is
sealed in a foil envelope under inert nitrogen gas to increase
it’s shelf life. It ts a high quality product and each envelope is
adequate for 5 gallons of must. Can be used for any type of
wine and is very simple to use because it can be added directly
to the must without prior starting.
Per packet... . 39¢ 3 for $1.00
Semplex of USA
Many old recipes advocate far too much sugar, with the result
that the winemaker is disappointed when the yeast fails to use
most of it up, and he is left with a syrupy, almost undrinkable
concoction.
As a good rule of thumb, remember the figure 3——3 Ibs. to the
gallon of liquor for a medium wine. Half a pound less will usually
produce a dry wine, half a pound more a sweet. Below 2 Ibs. of
sugar to the gallon the wine may not be strong enough to keep,
above 3% it may well (although not always) be sickly sweet.
First Steps in Winemaki
C.J. J. Bary mg from:
1960; 160 pp. Semplex of USA
Box 12276
$1.95 postpaid Minneapolis, Minn. 55412
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Rose Hip Wine
One of the finest of all home-made wines; its flavour is unique and
it has body and bouquet that take a lot of matching. Rose hips
abound in early autumn and it matters not whether they are
gathered from your own rose trees or from the hedgerows. They
should not be used until they have taken on their winter coat of
red or orange according to the type.
4 lb. rose hips, 3 lb. sugar, 1 gal. water, 1 oz. yeast.
Wash the hips well in half a gallon of water in which one Campden
tablet has been dissolved. Crush the hips with a mallet or chop
them. Put them in the fermenting vessel and pour on half a gallon
of boiling water. Boil half the sugar in a quart of water for two
minutes and when cooled a little add to the rest. Add the yeast
and ferment the pulp for seven days.
Then strain out the solids and put the strained liquor into a gallon
jar. Boil the rest of the sugar in the remaining water for two min-
utes and allow to cool well before adding to the rest. Cover as
directed or fit fermentation lock and leave to ferment in a warm
place until all fermentation has ceased.
_ Successful Wine Making at Home
H. E. Bravery
1961; 151 pp. from:
Arc Books
$.95 postpaid 219 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
NOTE: Unlawful to build in many countries.
May require licensing in others.
1/4" OR 3/8" COPPER TUBE
LOOSELY COILED
TUBING IN METAL
WATER JACKET
How to Build a Still
$2.00
from:
The Wyne Table
Box 490 HOME POT STILL
Norman, Oklahoma 73069
*
Home Brewing Without Failures
It’s an interesting book, but awfully hard to use in this
country, because it’s very difficult to get decent materials
for brewing. It is, after all, against the law to make your
own beer (at least in California). Wine is legal; up to 200
gallons a year may be made by the head of a family (a real
/talian law). In Berkeley, for instance, you can buy Blue
Ribbon canned malt extract at most large grocery stores,
also probably corn sugar (dextrose) in most. You can
buy a bottle capper and bottle caps, and a decent yeast
starter at a winery. But Bravery’s recipes call for a number
of pretty esoteric ingredients.
There are two places to buy brewing supplies through the
mail that offer a really good selection. One is Wine-Art
Sales Ltd., 1108 Lonsdale, North Vancouver, B.C. This
is the nicest mail order house I’ve ever dealt with. They
have a free catalog of beer and wine making supplies.
When you order from them, you send na money. They
send you the stuff, and a bill, with a discount for American
money, and you send them the remittance. | hope no one
burns them, because it’s really nice to establish such a
basis of trust in the cold mail order world. Shipping
charges are not expensive, except on heavy stuff, and the
wait is only about two weeks (to Calif.).
! would suggest that anyone who wants to get into beer
making should use Bravery’s book as a point of depar-
ture, maybe order some of those nice yeasts, particularly
the liquid ones, and other small stuff from Canada or
England, but make do with canned malt ex tract, locally
available sugars (yellow-D is a good one, though beer
made with it is sometimes a little hard to start), maybe
some molasses for extra body.
You should know that Bravery’s recipes generally make
very, very heavy beer. The heavier the better for me, but
it’s a long way from Lucky Lager, or even Heinekens and
Tuborg. /f you like light beer, use less sugar (use corn
sugar, too), less malt, and more water. If you use a
hydrometer, as Bravery recommends, you can figure out
the alcohol content of your beer before you start it with
the yeast.
Contrary to what a /ot of people believe, a home brewer
of at least thirty years experience told me to never save
a yeast starter from batch to batch, but to start with a
new and good one every time. Yeast gets contaminated
with wild spores very easily, and your batches are likely
to get worse and worse instead of better and better. Also,
he says, you should ferment your beer at low tempera-
tures, 60 degrees or lower, as at higher temperatures, the
yeast starts producing alcohols you don’t want, like
toluene and acetone.
/n general, the best way to brew is to experiment, and
keep notes, so you can duplicate a really good batch
when it comes along.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Roland Jacopetti]
Home Brewing Without Failures
H. E. Bravery
1965; 159 pp. from:
Arc Books
$.95 postpaid 219 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Bring seven quarts water to 150°F.
Pour into polythene pail and add
the malts at once. Put in immer-
sion heater, cover vessel with sheet
polythene as directed and wrap
vessel in blanket to conserve warmth.
Switch on heater and maintain
mash at 145° - 150°F. for eight
hours. At this stage you may
yeast carry out starch test if you
nutrient want to. Strain mash into boiler
and add salt and two ounces hops. Bring to boil and simmer gently
for forty minutes. Add remaining hops and simmer hard or boil for
a further five minutes.
Bravery’s Super Stout
2 |b crystal malt
2 Ib patent black malt
1 Ib black treacle
3 Ib white sugar
3 oz hops
2 small level teaspoonfuls salt
% oz citric acid
Put sugar, treacle and citric acid into the fermenting vessel and strain
the mash on to it through fine muslin. Stir well, making sure all
sugar is dissolved and make up to four gallons with boiling water.
Cover with sheet polythene as already directed (p. 51) and leave to
cool to 65° - 70°F. Add yeast and nutrient and leave to ferment
for six-eight days.
If using hydrometer, take readings after five days until 1.005 is
recorded and then bottle. If hydrometer is not being used, allow
fermentation to go on until beer becomes “‘flat’’ and then prime —
add sugar to recommence fermentation — and then bottle. If
draught beer of this sort is wanted merely bottle the beer when it
has gone ‘‘flat’’. Improves with keeping for six or more weeks,
though it may be used as soon as all yeast has settled and the beer
is clear.
OAK BARRELS for fermenting. Adds an air of “the
PARAFFINE LINED BARRELS does not add wood
taste as charred barrels do, but is easier to clean and
10.00
11.00
12.30
16.90
18.30
The Wyne Table
|
y=
=
=
=—
= @
'
‘ FOR CLEARING:
i Jeltybag or asbestos pulp ie
=
ko. Len FOR STORAGE:
t Casks, gal. jars, Winchesters,
needed for
home
erably winemaking 2
to
Stoneware, glast, polythene
e of Corking tool Cork borer Flogger
stoppers
Corks and
FOR STRAINING: Musiia, or nylon
it
ts,
y
e.
-
THERMOMETER
TER
1920 one gallon
1922 _five gallon
IVER 1923 ten gallon
1924 fifteen gallon
4 1925 thirty gation 28.20
61826 fifty gallon 41.50
Green Revolution
and Rabbit Skins
Modern Utopian make tong Tw
* Fountain of Light wash the tn unt the
water soap
By now there are three American schools of commune—— be (acy meng me pro.
East Coast, West Coast, and New Mexico——and each has of hot water. Put in a tub with int
a local periodical, the
over a
East Coast is the oldest and the most politically designed. Sead and pore
Oneida, Brook Farm, last century. School of Living, Twin times while drying. Before it is ver)
Oaks, Fort Hill (see American Avatar), and sundry radical he
enclaves this century. In the 30’s the School of Livin and saltp cull
° 1g got alum and saltpeter, rubbing it in
going, and its publication Green Revolution was the only po omy ny He a Fine-leaf Yucca Kel
thing of its kind for many lean years. It’s still invaluable. ce : three oe — = Blooms May-June 2,700-7,500 vail
West Coast (California, Oregon) has always been un- WASHINGTON “PHASING OUT” THE FAMRY FARM Then scrape the flesh side with a pe hn need ha in con
programmatic, just groovin in the hills, livin on the farm. et eae 7 aces higher altitude). oo
Mountain Drive in Santa Barbara in the 40’s and 50’s. Leaves crowded around base, stiff and sharp pointed, this
Now innumerable havens for urban refugees——Canyon, . %—% inch wide, fibers on edges. Flower cluster 1-5 oie
Wheeler Ranch, Family of the Mystic Arts... Relatively The Green Revolution feet long, white or greenish white, 1%—2 inches long ort
undesigned, often short-lived, they do not really have Fruit is 1—1% inches, becomes dry at maturity, splittin
their periodical, The Moderns Uto in $4 /year (monthly) and letting black seeds drop. It is possible to eat the hun
? - th pian, ; immature fruit (before they’re dry) by boiling 15—25 tail
Berkeley, tries to be national. ae Riveied minutes——similar to asparagus. reat
New Mexico (including Southern Colorado) is the most eae: 3 Route 1, Box 129 we Kel
recent. When did Drop City start up, 1965? Lama, New pee Freeland, Md. 21053 = /
Buffalo, Libre, Reality Construction, Hog Farm——they’re a
inventive, interested in structure, visible. The new pub- inst
lication in their area, Fountain of Light, has the buoyancy PEOPLE WANTED i eng
of the early San Francisco Oracle, but with a steadiness, —— a The
attention to detail, that the Oracle never had. Survival work together 8 hrs. a day, 5 ‘ con
and 6 week. i
information.. Get it right this time. cating and
(New Mexico is the CATALOG’s spiritual homebase. eee and
When we're not in town, we’re generally there.) etc. “We are merging our So
fantasies to create our realities.” ‘on
The quality of commune life in each area is strongly Write Ferm.
relatable to the manner of Indian life in those places. 802/765-5533 between S and 7 My
Tne political lroquois and Cherokees of the East. The PM. : ; dro,
easy-going, defenseless West Coast Indians. The structural, fen int
mystical Pueblos of New Mexico. ven
A month ago.... At New Buffalo for the Celebration of the Birthday
of Maharaj Viasa Singh, Yogi Bhajan’s Teacher Twe
Lou
196
There has been here at Reality an establishment of regulatory factors “a
such as — setting and maintaining a stable population of stabie indi- $1.
viduals — meetings of 40 to 50 people around a table built to seat 25
comfortably to decide who will have to leave — very unnatural — but fron
necessary. We have regular meetings to lay out work projects and : Moc
decide who is to do certain jobs. We are a family of 25. We have been 457
together a year. 1f too many people are here sometimes you don't Fountain of Light New
talk to your brothers for days and the family has lost track of itself.
We are working together with 20 acres of very poor land to fertilize, $3 /12 issues (monthly) or W
compost, terrace, furrow, and irrigate in the best way we can. We f ‘
are building a green house, hotbeds, goat pen, chicken coop, too! akin Publiceti
shed, work shop, garage etc. and we need to know who the family PO. Bo eo
is — to be strong and to get the job done right. What more do we pio Si NM 87514
’ need to offer a visiting brother but a good days work, three good ns
The Modern Utopian meals and a good nights sleep and that’s all! This is a way of life,
not a scenic wonderland — a bridge, not the water flowing under
$4 /year (quarterly) it. Visitors are encouraged to find for thémselves in another State,
@ family and begin themselves elsewhere. Plainly, frankly, openly
ya aided and honestly — begin for yourself. It is a sin to step in anothers
n Utopian in.
Berkeley, CA 94709 e etting straight in the sense of total truth is so powerful
as upaya, method, it door to what are called The
iritual siddhis, or powers. at, in fact, your word becomes
This is where the concept of the “labor credit’ comes in. A labor There is a controv in our 5 me : tet vehicle :
credit value is assigned to each job. Every person has to sign up communities sub- you say, happens. And this is the
; for an equal number of total labor credits. The labor credits are ject of the good and proper way ry S . _ . in tt
The hammock factory at Twin Oaks. This adjusted such that the desirable jobs have a low value and the un- to have babies. Most people (Will you go over that again?—Yes, I will.) om
industry was chosen as the first money desirable jobs have a high value. This means that if you sign up have definite opinions for or f I have no closed doors in my head, if I can speak total the |
making endeavor of the community for undesirable jobs, you don’t have to sign up for as many of against childbirth at home. truth to any human being I meet at any moment. Now this does suff
because it required little capital to start them as you would if you signed up for desirable jobs only. For Ase.women, | cen respect end not mean that I must, with the albatross around my neck, go and defe
and it uses a great deal of hand labor, which _ instance, one hour of septic tank cleaning might be worth two admire the deslve w allow © tell my story to everybody. I don’t have to tell about all of my accc
in the beginning was the community's main _ hours of typing the newsletter. The way we determine the desir- beautiful and meaningful ex- sexual escapades, and all my violence and all of my anger and all
economic asset. This, like all other work ability of jobs is by whether or not people sign up for them. If perience to take place at home of my immorality. I don’t have to lay it on everybody as if I’m Secc
activities at Twin Oaks, is run under the more people sign up for a job than are needed, then it is assumed with maximal sharing of the joy driven—however, it has to all be available. I have got to be able to ofa
“labor credit’ system which insures a psy- that the job is desirable and the labor credit value is lowered ten of the ultimate fulfillment of say to you in perfect faith, there is nothing you can ask me that esch
cholgically even distribution of work among _ percent. If a job is not signed up for or if not enough people sign womanhood. I know that I cannot tell you. That is, in Herman Hesse’s model siste
all community members. Having special skills up for it, then someone who needs the credits (someone who Cr of the is theatre, there are no doors in the magic theatre that sock
or training does not give one person any ad- _—lost a coin flip) is assigned to the job and the value goes up ten As a physician, it scares me are shut. Everything’s got to be available. I-have got to see You life |
vantage over another. , percent. shitless. as Us, and that means that anything in my head that keeps you Leis
from being us is keeping us stuck in the illusion of separateness. pe
Mother Earth News
Seeks to fill a need in the WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
market by “telling you how.” Carries extensive reports
of how-to information. The current issue is a 76-page
reprint of a 1940's book on living off a miniature farm.
" [Suggested by John Shuttleworth]
$5 /year (6 issues)
from:
The Mother Earth News
d P. O. Box 38
Weed leh Madison, Ohio 44057
; ws Ast
Delicrous benies This “breakaway” drawing shows interior of our small barn. We found that this 16 x 30
ee SS aaa “See ‘foot barn efficiently houses 30 hens. 60 broilers, 20 or more rabbits, 4 goats or a cow and Not
S ee oe eo calf, 3 or 4 sheep, and a dozen squab. Barn cost $200 to $400. Bill of materials. plus com- lack
plete building plans including 10 large detail drawings of front, ends, interior layout, goat tot
oe Bacon tam. stalls and milking stand, cow stalls, chicken section, squab loft, also a turkey sunporch are tive
Fresh available,
*
Two Factor Theory
There is a conspicuous void in the arguments and the
rograms of thecounter-culture groups of this country,
in that they have produced no well-formulated economic
theories.
Unfortunately and ironically, Lou Kelso, who has some
very imaginative economic proposals, has been offering
them for many years to the establishment, the dinosaur
culture.
Kelso has long ago perceived the obsolescence of pre-
vailing economic doctrine that deifies labor as the single
component of capitalism. He correctly argues that
machinery, land, structure (that is, capital) produce
wealth in the same way that human labor does. He calls
this insight “two factor’ economics or “universal capit-
alism”, and since it recognizes the emerging importance
of technology, and accepts the diminishing necessity of
human labor, it is an economic theory that is beautifully
tailored to the values and beliefs of most CATALOG
readers and those seeking alternatives to dinosaur existence.
Kelso’s book struggles manfully with practical solutions,
including a Second Income Plan, a Capital Diffusion
Insurance Corporation, and even a proposed Full Pro-
duction act of 19--.
These proposals have been laid on presidential candidates,
congressmen, newspaper publishers, leading economists,
and nearly all key decision makers of the establishment over
and over again.
So either Kelso is a lousy salesman or the dinosaurs are
convinced their own designs will see them through.
My advice to Lou is: “Come on, Lou, grow long hair,
drop all that establishment costumery, immerse yourself
in the now generation, and start to work with a constit-
uency that wants you and needs you. If you don’t some
bright young radical economist certainly will.”’
[Suggested and reviewed by Richard Raymond]
Two-Factor Theory: The Economics of Reality
Louis O. Kelso and Potricia Hetter
1967; 202 pp.
$1.65 postpaid
from:
Modern Library, Inc.
457 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The theory of unviersal capitalism makes two assumptions about the
good society. One is that its most important value is freedom. Any
society seriously caring about freedom must structure its economic
institutions so as to widely diffuse economic power while keeping it
in the hands of individual citizens. Nor can freedom in an industrial
democracy be long maintained unless the economic well-being of
the majority is reasonably secure. Never in history has universal
suffrage been built on a sound economic foundation; it is this
defect, not the ordinary man’s inability to cope with freedom, that
accounts for the notorious fragility of democratic institutions.
Secondly, it is assumed that leisure is essential to a civilized definition
of affluence. To venerate collectively what every intelligent man
eschews individually, namely unnecessary toil for the goods of sub-
sistence, makes no human sense. Today, in Western industrial
society, we see toil advancing totalitarian claims on the whole of
life at the very moment in history when technology offers liberation.
Leisure and the liberal-arts tradition are giving way to the totalitarian
work state which has no place for whole men, only “human resources”
and servile functionaries.
As Harold Moulton of the Brookings Institution first pointed out
in 1935, new capital does not have to be financed exclusively from
Past savings. It can just as easily and logically be financed from
credit, by means that create new capital owners simultaneously
with new capital assets. Capital produces wealth. Unlike consumer
goods, it is inherently financeable. With very slight alterations the
same techniques being used today to finance the acquisition of
non-income-producing consumer goods can be employed (1) to
vastly expand the existing economy——to build a Second Economy
——and, (2) to enable noncapital-owning households to buy equity
interests in new capital as it is formed, paying for it precisely as the
Capital owner (with rare exceptions) has always done——out of the
income the newly formed capital produces.
Alternative is indeed the crux of the matter, and here it is that
youth is vulnerable. For as the elders point out, the posture of
Moral superiority is easy to maintain from the sidelines, particularly
when one’s livelihood and education are being provided for by
Others. But would the young do any better under the same circum-
Stances? Will they do any better when their turns come? The
answer is that youth would not and cannot, given the financial and
economic framework within which the elders are operating. While
the moral convictions of individuals are important in the long run, it
is institutions that determine the immediate course of events——
Particularly the institutions of finance.
Not an evil conspiracy, but defective financial institutions and the
lack of alternative institutions have delivered us to the door of the
total work state. This book has attempted to present the alterna
tives, founded on the missing logic of an industrial economy.
ss or WHOLE
1139 Wabash Avenue
An Alternative Future for America tt
What's different about this book of economics is that it was
designed by graduate students. Though Theobald is the
soloist, the voices of the young generation can plainly be
heard. It makes you wish that every author who writes
about new ways of coping with the changing world would
be forced to immerse himself in the lives of those for whom
he purports to make predictions.
Because it reads like a collection of class notes and uncom-
pleted journal articles (all of which is probably true), the
book pulled me into wanting to add a chapter or two of
my own. That is a delicious feeling, when you have been
so many times bored by economics texts.
In fact, the book abruptly ends with a specific invitation
to its readers to take some further action. | would hope
subsequent editions will continue to have such an open-
ended design.
The stuff to ““wow” over in the book includes Theobald’s
high-headed insights into computerized decision making
(“There is no doubt in my mind that the computer has
been one of the factors that has led us into the present
disastrous situation in Vietnam”), and his list of the five
traps we've laid for our social system: the war trap, into
_ Which we have put all our ultimate sanctions for solving
international disputes; the efficiency trap, in which we place
man’s human value to lie measured against the efficiency of
machines; the consumption trap——/f it’s good, it must have
a sales price and be advertised; am the education trap, in
which we cement our behavior to the past. The fifth
trap never gets listed——see what | mean: “unfinished
journal articles’?
Theobald’s most orde;ly work has to do with his persuasive
case for a guaranteed income, about which he has written
for many years. The potentiality for his ideas during this
distressed period of history are ever more dazzling. And in
this book, the dazzlement is fully let loose in a series of far-
out proposals for experimenting with altered life styles.
/t may be weeks before | stop trembling. That’s why |
wanted to add another chapter or two, when | got to the
end of the book.
[Reviewed by Richard Raymond]
= An Alternative Future for America II
Robert Theobald
1968, 1970; 199 pp.
$2.00 postpaid
from:
The Swallow Press, Inc.
Chicago, \linois 60605
EARTH
CATALOG
Diverse communities would move rapidly toward a free goods
situation: one where a person walks into a store and takes what-
= ever he wishes off the shelves. We may not have reached a free
goods situation by the end of the 1970's but we will certainly
have moved a long way towards it. This is inevitable because an
increasing number of people will be living on Basic Economic
Security (BES) and Committed Spending (CS). People who live
on BES and CS are not going to use money for exchanging goods
among themselves. They are going to swap human services without
exchanging money.
The availability of free goods would lead to some very interesting
developments. First, we could begin to eliminate the power which
has been accorded by the community to certain groups in the
society, which enables them to peg high prices, rates of interest,
wages and salaries. In the future, prices, wages, rates of interest
and salaries should fall because prices would be related to scarcity
and we are moving into a position of abundance.
Supporters of the guaranteed income and supporters of the poverty
program not only propose different programs but have different
ends in view. The supporters of the poverty program see man as an
inefficient machine to be reprogrammed from time to time as
machines make his existing skills obsolete. The destruction of his
work and life pattern is regretted but seen as unavoidable. Indeed,
one can go further and argue that the generally accepted goals of
our society appear to be technological wizardry, economic efficiency
and the developed individual in the good society, but in that order.
| often fear that we persist in this order of priorities because we
no longer want to know more about human begins and human
systems of organization. Compared to a (necessarily) functionally
neat, clean, odorless, efficient and continuously functioning
cybernetic machine system, a unit of mankind is messy, smelly,
disobedient, quarrelsome, lazy and a walking source of error. For
those already in a state of emotional and sensory atrophy, a
ss machine is easier to get on with than a man.
It is the essentially dehumanized approach of the poverty program
which ensures that it cannot be successful. | am, of course, aware
that there are many people within the poverty program who attempt
to use its potential to benefit individuals, but they are fighting the
basic thrust of the whole program and their efforts will always be
insignificant compared to the total size of the problem. The goal of
the poverty program is not to help people to find themselves but
rather to push them back into the industrial system just as fast and
«as Often as they are forced out of it.
“Our key problem stems from the fact that we have made the
value of a man synonymous with the economic value of the toil
he performs: we fail to recognize that people should have a
claim on resources even if they do not toil. The measure of destruc-
tion of our values is, | believe, shown in the fact that those living in
an industrial society find it natural that people do not receive an
adequate amount of food, clothing and shelter even though there
is surplus food in storage and the possibility of producing more
housing and more clothing if we gave people the money to buy
them. We can contrast this view with that of the so-called orim-
itive societies; in many of these it was literally impossible to
Starve unless the whole community was starving. George Peter
Murdoch, the celebrated anthropologist, described the reaction
of one group of natives when he tried to explain the problem of
the poor in Western countries. There was stark disbelief: ‘How
can he have no food? Does he have no friends? How can he have
no house? Does he have no neighbors?”
We can anticipate the organization of what | have called “‘consentives”’:
productive groups formed by individuals who will come together on a
voluntary basis, simply because they wish to do so. The goods produced
by these consentives will not compete with mass-produced products
available from cybernated productive organizations; the consentive will
produce the ‘‘custom-designed” goods and services which have been
vanishing within the present economy.
There is no doubt that some people would not choose to perform
productive activities but | personally remain impressed with the
comment of a banker colleague who arrived at the guaranteed
income idea independently and who says: ‘’Given the fact that
3% in all income classes are bums, it's strange that we're only
concerned about the element of bums among the poor.”’ Indeed,
surveys show that most Americans in all income classes have an
almost pathological desire to toil. | personally anticipate that there
will be so many people looking for toil in coming years compared
to the amount of toil available that people will be prepared to pay
to obtain it.
= Walden
* This edition is $ the one, | believe, that Thoreau would have
HH 33 bought. /t costs fifty cents. The prime document of
g America’s 3rd revolution, now in progress.
WALDEN
Walden
Henry David Thoreau
1854; 271 pp.
$.50 postpaid
: from:
* Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.
: 49 East 33rd Street
: New York, N. Y. 10016
| or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
* Most of the luxuries, and many of the so-called comforts of life,
are not only not indispensable, but positive hindrances to the
s elevation of mankind. With respect to luxuries and comforts, the
s wisest have ever lived a more simple and meagre life than the poor.
The customs of some savage nations might, purchance, be profitably
ss imitated by us, for they at least go through the semblance of ;
ss Casting their slough annually; they have the idea of the thing,
$3 whether they have the reality or not. Would it not be well if we
$= were to celebrate such a “busk,”’ or “feast of first fruits,” as
ss Bartram describes to have been the custom of the Mucclasse
83 Indians? “When a town celebrates the busk,” says he, “having
$3" previously provided themselves with new clothes, new pots, pans,
$3 and other household utensils and furniture, they collect all their
£ worn out clothes and other despicable things, sweep and cleanse
33 their houses, squares, and the whole town, of their filth, which
ss with all the remaining grain and other old provisions they cast
ss together into one common heap, and consume it with fire. After
$s. having taken medicine, and fasted for three days, all the fire in
ss the town is extinguished. During this fast they abstain from
$3 the gratification of every appetite and passion whatever. A
s3 general amnesty is proclaimed; ali malefactors may return to
3: their town.
$3 “On the fourth morning, the high priest, by rubbing dry wood
$3 together, produces new fire in the public square, from whence
$$ every habitation in the town is supplied with the new and pure
$3 flame.”
ee
es
$3' | learned this, at least, by my experiment: that if one advances
$3 confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live
HH the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unex-
ss pected in common hours. He will put some things behind, will
AH Pass an invisible boundary; new, universal, and more liberal laws
ss will begin to establish themselves around and within him; or the
ss old laws be expanded, and interpreted in his favor in a more liberal
$3 sense, and he will live with the license of a higher order of beings.
In proportion as he simplifies his life, the laws of the universe will
appear less complex, and solitude will not be solitude, nor poverty
poverty, nor weakness weakness. !f you have built castles in the
air, your work need not be lost; that is where they should be. Now
put the foundations under them.
87
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The Peter Principle
The principle is: a person rises to his highest level of
incompetence and then stays there forever because
nobody likes to fire the formerly competent. Now
you don’t need the book, which is mostly a witty dance
through ramifications of the principle. Once you’re
caught in a Peter Principle blind alley, some escapes are:
1) stop ptessing up and go sideways, 2) slide back a bit
and change direction, 3) quit completely and start over,
4) put curtains and tasteful paintings on the walls of your
alley and wait it out.
OUTRAGEOUS ‘1 NATIONAL BESTSELLER
The Peter Principle
Dr. Laurence J. Peter one Raymond Hull
1969; 169 pp.
$1.25 postpaid
from:
Bantam Books, Inc.
271 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Miss Totland, who had been a competent student and an outstanding
primary teacher, was promoted to primary supervisor. She now has to
teach, not children, but teachers. Yet she still uses the techniques
which worked so well with small children.
Addressing teachers, singly or in groups, she speaks slowly and
distinctiy. She uses mostly words of one or two syllables. She
explains each point several times in different ways, to be sure it
is understood. She always wears a bright smile.
Teachers dislike what they cal! her false cheerfulness and her patron-
izing attitude. Their resentment is so sharp that, instead of trying to
carry out her suggestions, they spend much time devising excuses for
not dding what she recommends.
Miss Totland has proved herself incompetent in communicating with
primary teachers. She is therefore ineligible for further promotion,
and will remain as primary supervisor, at her level of incompetence.
Ordinary incompetence, as we have seen, is no cause for dismissal:
it is simply a bar to promotion. Super-competence often leads to
dismissal, because it disrupts the hierarchy, and thereby violates
the first commandment of hierarchal life: the hierarchy must be
preserved.
The difference between cases of Pseudo-Achievement Syndrome and
Final Placement Syndrome is known as Peter’s Nuance. For your
own guidance in classifying such cases, you should always ask your-
self, ‘‘Is the person accomplishing any useful work?” If the answer is: :
a) ““YES’’——he has not reached his level of incompetence and there
fore exhibits only the Pseudo-Achievement Syndrome.
b) “NO*”’——he has reached his level of incompetence, and therefore
exhibits the Final Placement Syndrome.
c) “DON’T KNOW’——you have reached your level of incompetence.
Examine yourself for symptoms at once!
Consider the stench, bad flavors and perils involved in spraying the
entire globe with pesticides: compare them with the simple pleasure,
and the therapeutic exercise, of hand-spraying the garden.
The power of negative thinking can help us avoid escalating our-
selves to a level of live-incompetence, and so help prevent destruction
of the world.
Glossary
Heep Syndrome—a group of symptoms indicating the patient’s =!
belief in his own worthlessness. Observed by D. Copperfield,.
reported by C. Dickens. Chap. 9.
Hierarchal Exfoliation—the sloughing-off of super-competent
and super-incompetent employees. Chap. 3.
Hierarchal Regression—tresult of promoting the incompetent
along with the competent. Chap. 15.
Hierarchiology—a social science, the study of hierarchies,
their structure and functioning, the foundation for all social
science.
Hierarchy—an organization whose members or employees are
rz rs 3 arranged in order of rank, grade or class.
*
Alternatives Directories
Movement yellow pages. Pretty handy.
Direct = Free Schools
1970; 30 30
Directory for Personal Growth
1970; 30 pp.
Directory of Social Ch
$1.00 each
from:
Alternatives!
1526 Gravenstein Hwy, No.
Sebastopol, CA 97452
Justice Without Trial
The social edge that the policeman patrols is highly visible
these days, and all too relevant, and so ambiguous that few
can bear to look at it close. But until it’s looked at close,
and in broader terms than one’s own bust, we’ll be stuck
with it the way it is. This book is inherently interesting,
dealing with goals and tactics and anecdotes of our closest
war. /t also should be interesting to those who would
redesign the edge.
Justice Without Trial 3
Jerome H. Skolnick Ri
1966; 279 pp. 4
$3.95 postpaid
from:
/ John Wiley & Sons, Inc. =
605 Third Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016 ss
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 3
Whenever rules of constraint are ambiguous, they strengthen the HH
very conduct they are intended to restrain. Thus the policeman fH
already committed to a conception of law as an instrument of se
order rather than as an end in itself is tikely to utilize the ambiguity 38
of the rules of restraint as a justification for testing or even violating $$
them. By such a process, the practical ambiguity of the rule of HH
law may serve to undermine its salience as a value. rH
The policeman is directly antagonistic toward euphemisms. Unlike ss
the peacetime soldier, the policeman is always in combat’, out on ss
the streets, doing his job. Like the dogface, he is irritated by most rH
manifestations of what he terms ‘chicken shit’’——an inclusive
ss abstraction encompassing minor organizational rules, legal techni- :
ss calities, and embellished descriptions. The policeman’s culture is se
ss that of the masculine workingman. It is of the docks, the barracks, HH
ss the ballfield——Joe DiMaggio was a helluva good ‘‘wop” center- se
s: fielder, not an athlete of “Italian extraction,” and similarly, the :
8 black man is a “‘nigger,’’ not a member of an “underprivileged ss
minority. ss
LJ
=
$3
$3
‘Straight date’’ refers to genital intercourse. ‘‘Half-and-half” means ss
half “French,” half “straight,” that is, fellatio followed by genital
intercourse. “Greek” refers to anal intercourse. Other sexual acts
may be purchased as well, but these are the standard products.
Indeed, from his familiarity with the law about possession, the
nonaddict-dealer is likely to have a “stash” or a ‘stash pad’ some-
where removed from his own residence, perhaps at the home of a
girl friend, or even in any of the numerous places in the public domain
that can serve as ‘‘stashes,"’ such as trees, directional signs, the under-
sides of benches and so forth.
*
Up the Organization
Determine what you're about in your business. Reward and
nourish what (and who) serves that, and let the rest go hang.
You can win a revolution with it, if that’s your business.
I'd wait for the paperback.
Up the Organisation
Robert Townsend
1970; 202 pp.
$5.96 postpaid
from:
Random House, Inc.
201 East 50th Street
New York, N. Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Russians have the best system. The real head of their typical
embassy is a third assistant attaché, who is completely free of
social obligations and can therefore devote himself fully to running
the operation, while the French, British, German, and American
ambassadors exhaust themselves on the cock tail- and dinner-party
circuit.
A lesson very few have learned: If you want to approach the head
of XYZ Corporation, call him cold. Tell him who you are and why
you want to talk to him. A direct and uncomplicated relationship
will follow.
The common mistake is to look for a mutual friend——or a friend's
friend on his board, in his bank or investment bank or law firm——
to introduce you. This starts all sorts of side vibrations and usually
results in a half-assed prologue by the intermediary, who is apt to
grind both edges of his own ax.
All decisions should be made as low as possible in the organization.
The Charge of the Light Brigade was ordered by an officer who
wasn't there looking at the territory.
There are two kinds of decisions: those that are expensive to change
and those that are not.
If you can’t do it excellently, don’t do it at all.
~ Because if it’s not excellent it won't be profitable or fun,
and if you‘re not in business for fun or profit, what the
hell are you doing here?
If you've inherited (or built) an office that needs a real house cleaning,
the only sure cure is move the whole thing out of town, leaving the
dead wood behind. One of my friends has done it four times with
different companies. The results are always the same:
1. The good ones are confident of their futures and go with you.
2. The people with dubious futures (and their wives) don’t have to
face the fact that they've been fired. “‘The company left town,”
they say. They get job offers, quickly, usually from your vaenere
itors who think they’re conducting a raid.
3. The new people at Destiny City are better than the ones you left
behind and they’re infused with enthusiasm because they’ve been
exposed only to your best people.
Admit your own mistakes openly, maybe even joyfully.
Encourage your associates to do likewise by commiserating with
them. Never castigate. Babies learn to walk by falling down. If
you beat a baby every time he falls down, he'll never care much
for walking.
Hiring. To keep an organization young and fit, don’t hire anyone
until everybody's so overworked they'll be glad to see the new-
comer no matter where he sits.
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Earth Flag A Manual of Simple Burial On Death and Dying
id A gentleman named John McConnell came into the Truck Not everybody has an opportunity to depart this world grace-
9. Store a few weeks ago and said that since all the nations fully, and those that do usually blow it. The people left
3 On Death and Dying establishes a psychological fact that
have flags, and the UN has a flag, and states and businesses # behind fumble just as badly, for largely the same reasons:
most people close to a dying person already know, even if
they can’t admit it: One tends to turn away. Even from
have flags, maybe there ought to be a flag that’s just for ignorance, fear, a lack of foresight and preparation. None ‘ y ,
people. So he got together with artist Norman LaLiberte but the dead can know for sure the full consequences of the Dede aaeeae phpoarasio, ies Thane, ae
and one of the Apollo Earth photographs and came up failure. But even if there are no consequences for the dead, 3: if it is a long, drawn-out affair is a reminder of how vulner-
with the Earth Flag. | don’t know if I'd die for it, but it’s there are enough of them for the survivors in the forms of 3 ble we all are, and that’s something most people want to
the first flag I’ve seen that | don’t feel it somehow excludes trauma and ruptured bank accounts, to make this Manual = forget. ‘
me. The Earth Flag feels nice to wave. of Simple Burial seem something like a ‘ife-saver. re . :
s: /t’s in our process of trying to forget that the dying person
For this little manual of death is firmly on the side of life. 3 /n/self is often forgotten. There he is, lying there, waiting
As part of the literature of funerals, it’s like a living rosebud HH yo be Doctors, nurses, frien arn?
ss to “‘see’’ him every day. But what he is desperate for is
in a bouquet of plastic flowers. In 64 pages it quietly tells HH ar p> Soba
you how to avoid the ghastly s:’stem of converting human HH and recognition is what we
left-overs into products packaged as “funerals.”’ In simple 3 unable to give.
language backed by intelligent sympathy, it suggests ways 3 On Death and Dying is a powerful book, because it forces
to surround the act of passage with appropriate rites of 3 the reader into the point of view of someone dying. Sud-
passage that offer real meaning to people in need of ss denly you're on the other side of that glass between the
meaning. s: /iving and the dying, and it’s not comfortable. But, as
$s Elisabeth Kibler-Ross points out, the point is not always
According to the manual, the main alternative to expensive, t= to “comfort” the healthy. That tendency is a major
hastily-improvised funerals is membership in a memorial 3 cause of the intense psychic suffering dying people must
society. A memorial society is “a voluntary group of ss endure, in addition to the physical failures that are killing
people who have joined together to obtain dignity, simplicity 33 them. This book speaks for the dying in a way they are
and economy in funeral arrangements through advance HH unable to speak for themselves. /t’s disturbing, but then
planning.” The manual provides a list of several societies 3s so is all education. I’d say this book is indispensable for
by name and address. It also has information on cremation, 8: a// people who are iiving in the presence of someone
autopsies, eye-banks, bequeathal of bodies, and the £3 e/se’s gradual death. -
business and legal matters that usually attend a death, as 3 ; [Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
well as chapters with titles like “Interpreting Death To A 3 f
Child,” and “What to Do When Death Occurs.” HH
3
Earth Flag (11x 13 inches) $1.50 postpaid 3 Men choose their horrors. We choose war. We choose HH
(3% x 6 feet) $12 * #3 pollution. And, by default, we choose to make the 3 DE A i
#3 rituals surrounding death grotesque. But what is chosen 33
from: 33 can be unchosen, once an alternative is clear. The 3
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG #3 Manual of Simple Burial describes a clear alternative 3 DYING
33 to one of our chosen horrors. 3 What the dying hae
(orders of 10 or more from: 3:
“W.E.” Inc. 33 (Reviewed b
Brooklyn, N.Y. 11 isabeth Kibler-Ross,
3 Mow to cbtsin simplicity, dignity sad $6.95 Elisabeth KublerRoss
funeral arrangements through advance plannung ss postpaid
ions for ial Ch 3 $s
Vocations for Social Change # a manual # from: pi
se acmitian Co.
This nifty service has been going for about a year and a half # OF simple Burial 33 Front and Brown Streets
now and is clearly growing in effectiveness. They earn your
y growing 3 New Jersey 08075
y donation.
comrenrs or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
se The of Sempte Bure Comments on Fumers! se
} The Mood fer Advance Planning A Mame to Funeral Dwectors so
for sersens #3 remember as a child the death of a farmer. He fell from a tree and
, ensure that their social fanact fs goina to effect Nasic human- = $5 $s was not expected to live. He asked simply to die at home, a wish
/ “reat “to thie question, but many dees are eine develoved that was granted without questioning. He called his daughters into
ple's experiences. VSC helps make these ideas enattaste to the general public so 9-55 3: the bedroom and spoke with each one of them alone for a few
person's car be enriched = $3. minutes. He arranged his affiars quietly, though he was in great
This newsletter serves as the main qatherina point for ideas with which we have come = Ss $: pain, and distributed his belongings and his land, none of which was
in contact. Not only do we include descriptions of job oveninas with qrours workim, $5
for social change from a wide variety of viewpoints, but 2)so proposals for new pro- es
jects that need helo in cetting started, descriptions of places where vou can learn ss
fore about social action in an educational settina, and articles on topics related to Ss
working for social change on full-time basis. What a1! of the people behind these 55
various ideas Neve fn common 1s genuine concern for stimulatina basic change in Am-
erican institutions. ee
$3 to be split until his wife should follow him in death. He also asked
One ss each of his children to share in the work, duties, and tasks that he
s: had carried on until the time of the accident. He asked his friends
$3 to visit him once more, to bid good-bye to them. Although | was
ss asmall child at the time, he did not exclude me or my siblings.
33+ We were allowed to share in the preparations of the family just as
s3 we were permitted to grieve with them until he died. When he did
ss die, he was left at home, in his own beloved home which he had
Informing you of avatlable opportunities for involvement in social chance {is only Ss
ge part of our goal. We also hope that the information that we have aathered here wil! b—4
Stimulate you to think about what new roles need to be created and to consider the se
possibility of actually finds le dedi se
A of Simple Burial from: built, and among his friends and neighbors who went to take a last
33 Ernest Morgen The Celo Press ' ss look at him where he lay in the midst of flowers in the place he had
3 1968; 64pp. Burnsville, North Carolina 28714 dived ln end loved 66 math
=: $1. 00 postpaid or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 3
igi iguring out how much to egies
the price of the goods ove
what we paid for them was an-i
other real mystery. We were a-ii
He was quite aware that his days were numbered, and his greatest
wish was to be moved into different positions (he was paralyzed to
his neck). He begged the nurse never to put the siderails up as it
reminded him of being in a casket. The nurse, who was very
hostile to this patient, agreed that she would leave them down at
all times. This private duty nurse was very angry when she was
ware that many co-ops are short lived#: -disturbed in her reading, and she knew that he would keep quiet
because they try to be a miracle stores: as long as she fulfilled this wish.
in the beginning by charging very little i >
for the food before _they fully under- HH But I, it isn't dying alone, it’s tho torture that pain can give you,
stand how much money it takes to run the 3 like you just want to tear your hair out. You don’t care if you
store. 4 number of other small grocer 3 don’t bathe for days because it’s just so much effort, like you're '
in town told us that we couldn't survive::; becoming less a human being.
on less then a twenty percent mark up. # .
Yet at that mark up we would be pricing: 5 Everybody expected her to die soon, but day after day she remained
ourselves at least five cents above the # in an unchanged condition. Her daughter was torn between sending
average supermarket price. We didn' her to a nursing home or keeping her in the hospital, where she ;
know how much our overhead was going watied to hed innumerable argaments with hig
wife, who felt too guilty to take her out of the hospital. When |!
visited the old woman she looked frightened and weary. | asked her
chance. _ If we could. operate on volun-# simply what she was so afraid of. She looked at me and finally
teer help for several months then we! expressed what she had been unable to communicate before, because
could charge supermarket prices and try:: = herself realized how unrealistic her Bi pa we ta afraid of
ntin A “being eaten up alive by the worms.” ile | was catching my
33 breath and tried to understand the real meaning of this statement,
her daughter bi “If that’s what’s keeping you from dyin
receipts to increase the stock, we man- would prevent her from having any contact with earthworms. All
aged to attract even more people by hav- 3 her suppressed anger was in this statement.
ing a larger and larger stock every time #
they came in. We also did things like
compensating for marking staples down by #issssss
ng,
vocations
for social
| change
in,
Sample copy keepino luxuries at about a 20 per cent
mark up. Having everyone a volunteer i you want To RECEIVE THE NEWSLETTER we'll be hapoy to send jou a sample covy. We
free made the store a real community project "st reslerly for six sonths to seaple who senor’, tower the costs of matting
with many different people working fm sms us te, sont copies te $10.00
Vocations for Sociel Change the store day and night - a constant
Canyon,CA 94516 party or freak show depending on what
time of day you came in,
.
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Deer Dr. Hippocrates one The Merck Manual Emer
cunnilingus one hums a tune Pm
Bells.’ What do you
Long-hairs are doing new stuff with their bodies and —_ In 1850 type-packed pages this book covers most of the possible No bo
nervous systems that occasionally needs medical atten- Cree. Sony Cortera. illness and injuries that can occur to human beings. Each difficulty | of US
tion or perspective. Communication wes blocked, e is described, symptoms are discussed and suggested treatments prope!
however, by the social understanding that they aren’t Can infectious heostitis be contracted through cunnilingus? are indicated. recog
supposed to be doing that stuff. Dr. Schoenfeld and The writing le extremely technical énd je dealaned 6 aid, ar
his medical advice column in the underground press This is an excellent wey——if the recipient of your affection 9 requir
has the disease. ' reference for practicing nurses and physicians. Unless you are tani
cut through the blockage, and here came a spout of . sae of iso
Information as weirdias ft wee usttul. Good answers at ease with the unusually colorful language of modern medicine hand
F s you will need a medical dictionary to fully understand this book,
made the questions good. - Hende
% While a considerable portion of the advice given is sensible and includ
" does not require a doctor’s presence, much of the book will not “ mo
be of use to persons who do not have access to medical supplies. snake
This book is not intended in any sense for primitive or simple we 0
Dear Doctor Hi , living conditions; it does not describe alternatives if medical pai
Eugene Schoenfeld, M. D treatment is not available nor does it suggest folk treatments are n0
1968; 112 pp. oy. in lieu of hospitalization. However, if you want to understand tien
$.95 : ee what is going on when a member of your family or community es
% postpsid ee i is seriously ill, this volume can be helpful. There is an excellent the re
from: as well as a special section devoted to specific prescriptions
Grove Press, Inc 2g i and special therapies. The excerpts given below illustrate both
15 Hudson Street : je
New You, N.Y. 10013 the common-sense and the — aspects of this —
[Reviewed by James Fadiman]
LE EAR ‘
[Innovator reports that many prescription drugs can be obtained
$2 withouta prescription and atJow cost from veterinary supply 1963,
houses. —SB]
$3.9:
DYSPEPSIA (‘indigestion’)
Treatment
$3 General: The patient should eat a balanced diet (see DIETS, Normal Diet).
: 33 Atleast 1 hr/meal should be allowed. Food should be chewed thoroughly
Tell us about ” * Whath to the body and brain when bs without haste and not constantly “swilled down” with liquids. When
“meth” torus ed tabs) is tak in small and large doses? me t= possible meals should be taken in a pleasant, quiet, relaxing environment.
: ’ "$= Smoking immediately before meals should be prohibited. Food should
“Meth” (methamphetamine) is used in medicine for appetite There’s been a lot of talk lately about a new drug called MDA. e3 be properly cooked, appetizing and eaten in moderate amounts. Following
control, mood elevation, and to raise blood pressure when indi- What are its effects? Do the initials MDA mean anything or Ape ern eee
cated. The drug is usually ingested in five-milligram tablets one are they another put-on like the STP initials? $: HEAT HYPERPYREXIA (sunstroke, heatstroke, thermic fever, siriasis)
to three times a day. Medical reasons for injecting methamphe- 3: Etiology: prolonged exposure to excessively high temperature or the
tamine are specific and few. . MDA is drug $: direct rays of the hot sun, combined with exercise and lack of air
$s circulation are the responsible factors. .. .
Tolerance to the amphetamines rapidly and increas- Garden Symptoms and Signs: Onset may be sudden or may follow complaints
ingly large emounts must be used to the same results. California. 3 of weakness, headache, vertigo, anorexia, nausea and precordial distress. .
large amounts ere used, blood-pressure may be raised ss The temperature rises rapidly to 105 or 106 F. or higher. Convulsions
sufficiently high to blow out « blead vena in ‘the brain, tus MDA is an example of a mind-altering drug apparently specific 3 and projectile vomiting may develop and are of serious import. .. .
True addiction, os well, sneme pationt in on tub bath or a blanket soaked in water is indicated, and the skin should
for to Kick the be ssid to be similar to LSD with few of the sensory changes. be rubbed vigorously until the temperature falls. . .
shooting up two hundred milligrams of ‘crystals’ every two hours. In other words, illusions and other changes in perceiving ‘reality’
He wes found deed few weeks later, epperently from an over- infrequent or absent with the use of MOA. The drug issaid DISTURBANCES IN
MDA\has been extensively tested in humans have = METABOLISM
on climbed out of ful as with any $3 Dilutional hyponatremia will occur
a third-story window in Berkeley not long ago. He is now con- Moreover the MDA available on the bleck market may contain $3 when excessive water is given to
fined to 2 neurological \institute, impurities. $= apatient in whom antidiuretic
the effects of a broken back. § hormone activity (postoper-
§= atively, or in bronchogenic
Both general and student greater carcinoma, head injuries,
numbers of sixteen-to-~ five-yeer-old people who $3 or porphyria) or alow
caught hepatitis from a needie used to inject meth Some men find that the application ss glomerular filtration
Neither boiling water nor soaking in alcoho! will —— of an anesthetic ointment to 3 rate is present. Move-
kill the hepatitis virus found in too many spikes. the head and shaft of the penis = ment of the water
half an hour or so prior to £3 from cells in E.C.F.
Speed kills, intercourse allows them to prolong $= with a high glucose
> $3 concentration may
Nu inal is one suc 8s produce a temporary cesses
For cosmetic reasons and sex appeal, | have been interested r
for some time in removing my pubic hair, | initially tried gaa without e # hyponatremia.
scissors which left stubbles; a safety razor leaves red marks and 3:
bumps which are both unattractive and painful. An electric #
razor is better but still unsatisfactory. | called an electrologist
who removes hair, but she found my request most peculiar and 8 The Merck Manual
refused to undertake the work. $3 11th Edition 1966; 1850 pp.
Can you suggest a solution to the problem? |s there any reason
to believe removal of pubic hair wuld be either unhealthful or E $7.50 postpaid
dangerous? Most Middle Eastern women routinely shave their pubic hair
but | leave to you and your chafed friends the question of
whether this practice will enhance your sex appeal. It does
not seem medically dangerous. 3
Cautious use of a depilatory or one of the newer electric razors
would seem the best solution to your problem. | would advise
against permanent removal since you might someday move to P ITUITARY-ADRENAL
a colder climate. HIGHER HYPOTHALAMIC |
BRAIN CENTERS 1 NUCLEI *
(Note: Judging from the volume of im The
We've been told that the Merck Index can ‘
be even more useful than the Merck Manual. ! dow
” ‘ The Merck Index The Index is an encyclopedia of chemicals and Indi infor
A leading manufacturer of safety razors 1968; 1713 pp. drugs, now in its 8th edition since 1889. “siealh. or wi
on the market something called ‘Scairdy Kit.’ The ad dealt ANTERIOR POSTERIOR
with the problem of very brief bathing suits but the letter from $15.00 postpaid [Suggested by William Bonner] PITUITARY PITUITARY
the girl who shaves made me wonder. ‘, The
tion in the use of lather or brushless cream. . 20th
will have ter botany ‘, $3.
she uses art electric
barbers use. The mol wt 188.26; C 7 8.57
blade is the finest one and will y_ in tory elect on secretion of
not leave unsightly stubble, Isoin from the leaves of Prestonia nc
irritate the skin or cause Benth.) Macbride (Haemadictyon Z or BI
J. Am. Chem.
thesis : Appe
For shaving, use alcohol ~— of » Anthony, J. Am. C. thea
It eliminates ebresions and littie » 6209 (1954). Relationship Merril, usual
imps. is was to me activity tingu
Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S, $4, 258 (1965). : citis
; Serum levels of Na
H K affect aldoster- menc
CH CH N(CH)
Crystals, mp 446-46.8°. pK, 8.68 (ethanol-water).
Freely sol in dil acetic and dil mineral acids.
169.5-170°.
Methiodide, ntp 216-217°.
°
ulty
Emergency Medical Guide
No book can substitute for a physician’s care. Self-treatment
of disease can be worse than no treatment at all. But the
proper use of a home health manual may be invaluable in
recognizing serious diseases and emergencies, rendering first
aid, and treating common medical problems which do not
require a physician’s assistance. Outdoorsmen and members
of isolated farms and communes, especially, should have on
hand as much medical information as possible.
Henderson’s Emergency Medical Guide is a useful book,
including illustrated sections on bandaging techniques, mouth
to mouth resuscitation, injuries to extremities, poisoning,
snake bites, emergencies of infancy and childhood, and home
care of the ill. Emphasis is placed on the prevention of
accidents and disease. Some situations are covered which
are not generally considered emergencies (excert by the
patient) such as painful menstruation. A chapter on normal
human anatomy and physiology is included in order to make
the rest of the book more intelligible to those giving first aid.
[Suggested and reviewed by Eugene Schoenfeld]
Emergency Medical Guide
John Henderson, M. D.
1963, 1969; 556 pp.
$3.95 postpaid from:
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. U. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, MO 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fic. 15-1. A cradle to keep bedclothes off legs and feet, made
trom a cardboard carton.
Henderson. MD. recs
we
Fic. 6-1. Two methods of placing a victim in the shock position.
A. Under emergency conditions, use a box or other device to elevate
the legs. B. Under hospital or home conditions, use ‘shock blocks”
under foot of bed
it is important to keep the victim of the attack from
aspirating or choking on vomited matter, but since
most attacks will terminate harmiessiy by themselves,
regardless of what you do or do not do, just protect
the victim from injury and bide your time. When
SUMMARY AND CHECK LIST
he recovers, do not be unduly sympathetic—you may
OF IMMEDIATE MEASURES only embarrass him. Give him a drink of water or
; tea, protect him from curious onlookers, and be sure
that he is well enough to go on his way or that he is
broken bones;andburns. taken home, If the condition is more serious, see
that he gets to a hospital.
A summary and check list of the furidamental general
procedures follow: : Those who are accustomed to handling epileptic
seizures make little of the convulsions and do not
become excited,
Whether or not the injured person is conscious:
1. Make sure that he is breathing. If he is not, begin
artificial respiration immediately.
2. If breathing is satisfactory, see whether he is bleed-
ing. !f the bleeding is profuse, take measures to.
control it immediatety.
3. When breathing is satisfactory and there is no
evidence of bleeding, look for signs of shock and
fractured bones.
4. Obtain medical aid quickly—phone a doctor, get
someone else to phone him, or get the injured
to a doctor or hospital. ,
5. Work quickly, but carefully.
6. Loosen tight clothing—collar, waistband, or belt.
7. If the victim vomits, lower his head and turn it
gently to one side so that the vomitus will not be
aspirated.
8. Remove any loose objects, such as artificial den-
tures. from the mouth of an unconscious person.
9. Keap the victim quiet and warm. Do not over-
heat.
10. Don’t give an unconscious person anything to
rink.
11. Don’t aggravate an injury by unnecessary move-
ments.
12. Don’t allow a person with a fracture or suspected
fracture to be moved until splints have been applied
or he has been fixed to an adequate back board in the
case of possible spinal injury.
13. Never urge an injured person to sit up, stand up,
or walk until you are sure he can safely do so.
Fic. 4-11. Correct
ition of hands for external cardiac massage,
using the heel af the
to exert pressure on the breastbone.
Fic. 8-9. Procedure for reducing a simple dislocation of a finger,
applying pull on each side of the affected joint.
Thumb. Do not attempt to sct a dislocation of a thumn, Be-
cause of its complicated anatomy, reduction may require a mihor
operation. Cover the thumb with a protective compress, support °
the hand in a sling, and seck medical aid.
‘
The Ship Captain’s Medical Guide
Fic. 4-1. Ejecting
sharp blow between
a foreign body stuck in child’s windpipe a
the shoulder blades. ”
DIAGNOSTIC SIGNS IN UNCONSCIOUSNESS
1. 4 6. 2. 9. 10. 12. B. 15.
Barbiterate
information. 1t assumes there is no doctor within days Onset Usually Sudden Sudden Gradual Sudden as «| Gradual Gradual Gradual Gradual Gradual or | Sudden Very rapid | Gradual Gradual
or week. ituation. in price. sradual
s of your situation. Bargain price | on. Complete un- | Stupor, later | Uncomscious- | Stupor, tater | Very drowsy, | Detiriim or | Unconscious |Confused, | Very drowsy, | Listess, later
on condition conse Ness some: ness deepen- | consciousness } theatrical comeciousness | unconscious- | ness un- un- unconscious | Dew un- later un- wnconscious-
times just me ness ing: few | ness
The Sh ip Captain s Medical Guide Ps Putse Feeble and Feeble and Crradaially Fast Normal Slow and full | Full and fast, | Feeble and Feeble and tull Fast and tan and Fast and Fast and Fast and very
20th Edition, 1967; 356 pp. The Ship Captain's ‘ fast irregular slower later fast and | show .
Medical Guide, : feeble stops
$3.60 (30 shillings) Respiration ch ond | and "| Siow and Noiy. tater} Normal | Sow amd dow Siow. may be Stow, | | Shathon and | Slow, gasping | Deep and Rapid wad
nowy a mw | craggeray sy
from: Seep sigh
Government Bookshop % Skin Palc, cold and} Pale and cald | Mot and Linid, later | Normat Hot and Flushed, later | Pale, cold Cold and Saltow, cold | Very bot and | Pate. may be | Cold Livid, later | Pale, cold
P.O. Box 569 d : flushed pale flushed cold snd and clammy | ¢ and dry dry burnt pale and clammy
London S.E. 1, ENGLAND alent Unequal Dilated, later |] Equal, very | Equal, some- | Equal and Equal Eyes may Equal, staring | Equal Equal. dilated
dilated but equal dilated contract. | contracted contracted squint Oe
or Blackwell's (see p. 79)
of None Ne * | Prese ‘No Ne None Ne May be None None No
the abdomen and it occurs particularly in men under 30. It is not ply by
usually difficult to diagnose, but the abdominal pains must be dis- ‘Convulsions | Nonc None Present, in Tonic, later Irregular and | Present, in None None Nang Present wn Present in Present m Present None None
tinguished from ordinary intestinal colic. Always suspect appendi- some cases | clonic sane tam some cases some cases | some cases | some cases
Citis with abdominal pains. An acute attack of appendicitis com- os :
mences with pain which is vague in situation to begin with (though alcoho! batt almonds | Acetone (ike
aenaty around the navel), but which after a few hours settles in wade
t i i ini i of | OF sof | Te otter Gi ful cot- | Ov dide Absence of Look fe Look fo Ve Ve Muwulai R deter!- | In cart
right side of the lower part of the abdomen. The pain is Specks Chen of] Often hom of | Tongue often | | Ove | of Look fog Vomiting | Vomining | Rapid 4 fa stages os
usually continuous, and it may or may not be very severe. There swaying Vomiting on Remem or facces may | jury falling. | look i one akohol | supply causes tight | Breathing | shivering,
may be a loose stool at the beginning of the attack, but after that | Ohen injury | attach. | times toes of cause, but ts
there is no desire to pass any motion again and constipation exists. | Often Drain ;
usually vomits once or twice during the first few hours Se
Of the pain.
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Commonsense Childbirth
Mrs. Hazell writes from the personal experience of having
had one child under anaesthesia, another using La Maze
method, and a third at home. The book covers pregnancy,
birth, and care of the newborn. /t is gently positive about
husband-coaching and breastfeeding. There’s a good chap-
ter on home deliveries. It’s written by an intelligent woman,
and it doesn’t needlessly complicate what is really a very
simple method of controlled breathing and relaxation.
[Reviewed by Pam Smith.
Suggested by Judity Bass]
Gommonsense
(hildbirth
Commonsense Childbirth
Lester Dessez Hazell
1969; 243 pp. |
$1 .25 postpaid
from:
Tower Publications
185 Madison Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Newborn,
A Manual for Rural Midwives
This manual was first published in 1950 to teach women and
girls in China who had very little education. Since then it
has been enlarged and adapted to other countries, so that
it is now also published in Portuguese, Spanish and English.
Lessons include anatomy, physiology of the female repro-
ductive organs, the progress and conduct of pregnancy and
childbirth, and the care of the newborn. The illustrations
and directions will certainly aid anyone interested in a
home delivery, since the manual is written for rural mid-
wives without access to modern, sterile hospitals. The
suggestions are practical and economical.
[Suggested and reviewed by Haru Bekker]
LEO ELOESSER
EDITH J. GALT ISABEL HEMINGWAY
CHILDBIRTH AND THE \EWBOR\
Pregnancy, Childbirth
and the Newborn, A
Manual for Rural
Midwives
Leo Eloesser, Edith Galt
and Isabel Hemingway
1959; 150 pp.
$1.25 postpaid
from:
Niffos Héroes, 139
México 7, D. F.
MEXICO
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
COMPLICATIONS OF DELIVERY
Breech Delivery
In about 3% of all deliveries the breech presents. There is not
much danger for the mother, but 10% of breech babies die,
many of them from trouble with breating (asphyxia). If
properly handled the danger is much less.
Conduct. If a breech presentation is diagnosed in a first
pregnancy, get help for the delivery or send the patient to
a hospital, if possible.
If the patient has had other babies, or is in active labour,
do your best to deliver the baby.
Measures to hasten delivery, such as an enema or having the
mother walk, should be omitted.
When the presenting part is in sight do not hurry but let
the buttocks stretch the perineum slowly. Let the mother
deliver the baby. When the whole body is born, support
it on your left hand and forearm, using the middle finger
of your left hand to find the baby’s mouth and make complete
flexion of the baby’s head. At the same time, press on the
fundus with the right hand, or ask a helper to do so, and the
head will be born. Do not pull on the baby at any time.
92 |
My own point of view on home delivery is influenced by the fact
that all my experience with it has been positive. Babies born at
home seem better to me in every respect, and my students who
have had both home and hospital deliveries prefer home. These
babies are born crying and healthy, and with their mothers they
continue in the pattern of life they have been living the last nine
months.
What a mother eats has a profound effect on the outcome of her
pregnancy and on her baby’s start in life. A number of very
convincing studies tie complications of pregnancy to a poor-
quality diet. Not only do many minor annoyances of pregnancy
vanish when ample amounts of necessary elements are added to
the diet, but the baby is basically affected as well. One study
found that 94 percent of babies born to mothers whose diet was
excellent were perfect specimens, whereas 92 percent of babies
whose mothers’ diets were inadequate in as little as one element
were defective in some way. !t has been my observation that the
women who feel on top of the world are usually the ones who take
good food seriously and concentrate on eating types of food that
contain the raw material with which to maintain health and manu-
facture a healthy baby. ...
You certainly don’t have to become a nutrition expert, however,
to provide yourself with high-quality food. The trick is to keep
your eye on how much protein you eat and at the same time to
see that you get something every day from each of the four major
food groups:, 1) meat-egg; 2) milk-cheese; 3) vegetable-fruit;
4) bread-cereal. If we want to use a mnemonic device, we can call
this the P-4 plan: Eat lots of protein in each of the basic four
every day.
As soon as the bearing-down reflex is established, second stage is
begun. For the next few contractions you push your baby down
two steps, and he slides back one. This can be discouraging if
you don’t realize that this is the normal pattern of labor. However,
when you stop to think about it, this makes good sense. In this
way your passages are dilated gently and slowly by the plunger
action of the baby, the baby has fluid squeezed from his lungs, his
skin is stimulated preparatory to his existence in a world that will
be constantly touching him, and then during the interval between
contractions everyone rests.
Birth Control Handbook
Fantastic. Definitive, thorough, heads-up, loving
treatment of the whole birth control picture.
A book by the future for the future. There’s
nothing in the past like it.
Birth Control Handbook
McGill Students’ Society
1968, 1969; 46 pp.
individual copies plus postage (10¢),
from:
Students’ Society of McGill University
3480 McTavish Street
Montreal, Quebec
CANADA
Conception control necessarily carries liberating potential for women.
A woman may safely engage in pleasurable sexual relations without
automatically submitting to the humiliating protective-dependent
relationship with a man which is ordinarily imposed. Also, a woman
now has the option of bearing and socializing children—it is no
longer the sole source of her sexual and social identity. Once ‘out
of the kitchen” a woman can begin to use her mind and body
towards socially productive ends by joining labor forces and
professions on a level of equality with men.
Condoms can be bought from a drug store without a prescription.
The most common retail price for a good brand is about 3 for
$1.25 although the price varies considerably, especially with
lubricated and skin condoms.
It is common practice to keep a condom in a wallet or pocket
until it is needed. This is a serious mistake. The combination
of moisture and heat provided by contact with the body leads
to deterioration of the condom. The sheath should never be
kept in a wallet or pocket for any length of time; it is best to
leave condoms in the smal! cardboard containers in which they
are usually sold. Kept this way, without excessive heat or
moisture, condoms can be stored for several months.
“Tip” condoms, or condom caps, which fit only around the
glans of the penis should never be used, since they are likely
to slip off after orgasm.
The diaphragm should not be inserted more than 2 hours before
coitus. Also, since it takes up to 6 hours for the spermicidal
preparation on the rubber dome to destroy sperm, the diaphragm -
must not be removed until six hours after the last ejaculation.
The diaphragm may be left in place for as long as 24 hours
after which it should be removed and washed with soap and
water.
Although there is much disagreement among doctors as to which is
the best |UD available, it seems that the Lippes loop (size D, a
little more than 1 inch in diameter) is the best one. The Lippes
loop is preferred because it has lower expulsion and pregnancy +
rates, and fewer side effects. Other advantages of the loop,
which it shares with such devices as the Marguiles coil include: ,
the ease of insertion and removal, and a nylon appendage
which allows the woman to check for the |UDs presence.
Although sufficient research has not been done, it appears
that effectiveness and acceptability of the Saf-t-coil are
similar to those of the loop.
There has not been a single case reported in which an |UD
caused cancer. |UDs are not the cause of any kind of cancer.
What does the bearing-down reflex feel like? Everyone has exper-
ienced this to some degree. It is very like the pushing of a bowel
movement, only more sustained and more demanding. It is far easier
not to push when one is having a bowel movement than when one
is having a baby. However, the second-stage contractions are not, as
a rule, painful. In fact, they are very satisfying. You may be sur-
prised at the noises you make. So may your family.
The first milk that flows is the high-protein, nonfat type. This
fairly gushes into the baby’s mouth. Later when the flow is slower
comes the cream. The cream sticks to the baby’s ribs because it
digests more slowly than the nonfat milk. It is also more filling.
So it is providential that while the baby is nursing vigorously in the
first flush of hunger, he does not get his high-calorie dessert. Entrée
before ice cream is a habit formed early!
Thus a baby knows best how to regulate how long he should nurse,
He does this according to the needs of his stomach as well as for
the joy of cuddling with his mother.
The let-down of the milk is a conditioned reflex. In the early days
of nursing the milk flows frequently at only the thought of the
baby or even the cry of someone else’s baby. Later this becomes
conditioned to the particular baby’s sucking. Hence the working
mother can go all day long and not feed her baby, and her breasts
will remain flat and comfortable. As soon as her baby takes a few
sucks, the milk flows in any quantity he needs.
We know that gross brain damage rises in direct proportion to the
amount of analgesic medication given to the mother during her
labor. The baby of an anesthetized and dopey mother will have
been subjected to the same or greater degree (relative to body
size) of anesthesia and dopiness at a time when he needs to breathe
well and when his circulation should be operating at peak efficiency.
Yet the educated laboring woman finds that at every turn she must
defend her position that she doesn’t need analgesic medication as
one attendant after another presses her to accept such nostrums.
She may even have to apologize for not wanting to take medicine
which she knows could jeopardize her baby.
The aeroso! foam (used with an applicator) is a recent variation of
the cream method. It works on the same principle as the jel or
cream alone, except that the agent is packaged in a container
under pressure and is extruded as a foam into the applicator when
the latter is pressed against the container. The foam has special
qualities that make it particularly acceptable. A smaller amount
by weight is delivered, so women complain less of messiness; cost
per application is reduced; and furthermore, the vehicle (or the
non-reactive base) has characteristics similar to those of a
“vanishing cream’’, so that leakage from the vagina after coitus
is greatly reduced.
The most common method of male sterilization, an operation
known as a vasectomy, has no effects on a man’s sexual desire
or virility, except perhaps to enhance it by relieving him from
fears of having another child. The operation involves severing
the vas deferens thereby preventing the passage of sperm from
the testicles to the penis. Since the contribution of the testes
accounts for only about 1/10 of the volume of the total ejac-
ulate, the actual quantity of seminal fluid is not appreciably
diminished.
Marguiles Coil
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American Indian Medicine
The definitive book——all the tribes, all the medicines. The
author is looking through the window of Western medicine
and Western anthropology, but he is looking with detailed
appreciation. Weedmunchers could find no better guide.
The people who could use it best probably can’t afford a
doctor and drugstore and probably can’t afford this book—
_another good reason for libraries.
American Indian Medicine
Virgil J. Vogel
1970; 583 pp.
$12.50 postpaid
from:
University of Oklahoma Press
1005 Asp Avenue
Norman, Oklahoma 73069
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Himes concluded that “American tribes had no effective methods
of preventing conception,” and that they relied mainly on abortion,
infanticide, and abstention to control family size.
Events have since proved how wrong Himes was, for not only have
oral contraceptives come into general use in advanced countries, but
Indian herbs were finally subjected to laboratory tests in the
search for an effective oral means of controlling fertility, and
some of them were found to be effective. Just as America was
considered to be undiscovered before the white men found it,
so the Indian drugs were unreal or of no account until the white
men discovered them. This is one example among many of the
ethnocentric attitude which has hurt the white men more than
the Indian by delaying scientific inquiry into aboriginal herbal
knowledge. The Cherokee drug may have been of no use, but
what is striking here is the way it was rejected a priori, simply
because white men knew of no oral contraceptive, and therefore,
presumably, none existed. It is noteworthy that until recently
it could not only be said that Indian recipes for controlling
fertility had not been investigated, but that the very names of
the drugs used were largely unknown. :
Mesquite (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC, and Prosopis glandulosa
Torr.). P. juliflora was the mizquitl of the Aztecs (hence, mesquite),
who mixed the leaves with other substances for an eye lotion when
the eyes were hot and painful from sickness. Seventy years ago
Bourke reported that this shrubby tree was used for the same
purpose by Mexican Americans in Texas, and Hrdlicka found
Indians of the American Southwest using it in a similar manner.
The Mescalero Apaches ground the leaves to a powder, placed
the substance in a thin cloth, added water, and squeezed the
liquid on the eyes. The Pimas applied the sap to sore eyes.
The Maricopas used the dried juice, ground fine, as a sore-eye
remedy by applying the substance to the lids and later
washing it off with warm water.
The skeletal remains of unquestionably precolumbian date
{he concludes] are, barring few exceptions, remarkably free
from disease. Whole important scourges were wholly unknown.
There was no pathologic microcephaly, no hydrocephaly. There
was no plague, cholera, typhus, smallpox or measles. Cancer
was rare, and even fractures were infrequent. There was no
lepra [leprosy] ... there is as yet not a single instance of
precolumbian syphilis. There were, apparently, no nevi [skin
tumors], There were no troubles with the feet, such as
fallen arches. And, judging from later acquired knowledge,
there was a much greater scarcity than in the white population
of many diseases of the skin, of most mental disorders, and
of other serious conditions.
The chief diseases to which the ancient Indians were subject, he added,
were digestive disorders, particularly in children and older persons,
pneumonia, arthritis, and localized maladies such as nutritional
disorders.
Wild mint. This is the only indigenous species of Mentha. Dr. Clapp
reported in 1852 that it was little used in medicine but would be a
tolerable substitute for the European species when they could not
be obtained.
The Cheyennes ground the leaves and stems of this species and boiled
them for a medicine to prevent vomiting. Wild mint was used by all
the Missouri valley tribes as a carminative, being steeped in water and
Sweetened with sugar for a drink. Because of its aromatic flavor, it
was also used as a beverage. Among the Menominees it was combined
with catnip and peppermint for a pneumonia remedy, being drunk as
a tea and also used as a chest poultice. The Flambeau Ojibwas brewed
a tea from the entire plant for use as a blood remedy. It was also used
in the sweat bath, and the Pillagers made a tea of it to break fevers.
The Potawatomis used the leaves or tops for fevers and as a stimu-
lating tea for pleurisy. Whites have used the whole plant for its bitter,
Pungent, antispasmodic, antirheumatic, stimulant, and anodyne
Properties.
Wild mint (Mentha arvensis, var. canadensis L.) has not been
Official, but it contains a volatile oi! from which pulegone and
— (USP 1882-1950, NF. 1950—) or carvacrol have been
isolated.
The shock experienced by plunging into cold water after the sweat
bath is parallel to hydrotherapy treatments commonly used today
for patients suffering from nervous tension. Therefore it was
Probably.effective for ailments of a psychosomatic nature.
*
# Folk Medicine
3 Of all the books on folk medicine that’ve come through our
s3 hands, this is the only one I'd trust enough to use. Seems
s: /ike every other malady, Dr. Jarvis either pours honey on
ss (tor in it.
Folk Medicine
ss D.C. Jarvis, M. D.
8: 1958; 192 pp.
# $:75 postpaid
ss from:
ss Fawcett World Library
ss 67 West 44th Street
ss New York, N. Y. 10036
#3 or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
#3
3: Snugli Baby Carrier
3 This is the most useful baby carrier | have ever seen. /t can
8: be used with a day-old baby, because of the head support,
3 as well as a 2 year old—but not simultaneously since to
ss enlarge the pack tucks are taken out as the baby grows.
8: A Snugli provides a mother with a baby carrier that allows
33 her to have both hands free. New mothers can attend
:: Classes, work, shop, do housework, etc. without having to
:: finda babysitter. Needless to say babies love it. If you
8: can’t stand to live with a colicky baby, put it in this
8: pack and fix dinner or whatever. :
+ The Snugli is of extremely high quality (will bear several
s: machine washings and dryings per week and teething;
:: being stuffed in purses and being left in the rain.) It
#3 is very comfortable as long as the shoulder straps are
8: kept tight so that the weight is not carried on the small
of the back.
3 / recommend this as second only to diapers to prospective
parents.
HH [Reviewed by Mary Jane Markley.
HH Suggested by Chris Brown]
3: Sauna
#: The only book available on Saunas: what they are, the
s: history, how to use and enjoy, and how to build one.
:: Although the construction details are not extensive, there
:: free construction plans, in hopes that you’ll buy a heating
8: device from them.
38 [Suggested by Stan Gould]
os Sauna: The Finnish Bath
ss 1965; 87 pp.
ss $3.95 postpaid from:
4 Stephen Greene Press
ss 120 Main Street
Brattleboro, Vt. 05301
3s or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$3 with a large rudimentary stove upon which rocks are placed.... The
ss toward the bather but rather is absorbed in the stones which emit
200 degrees...water is thrown on the stones but the air remains dry
ss because moisture is instantly absorbed by the wooden walls...
3: isa list of about 20 Sauna manufacturers who will send you
ss heat of the sauna is non-radiant: that is, it does not radiate directly
ss The simplest form of the family sauna is a one-room hut built of logs,
$3 the heat into the air. The indirect heat is gentle and constant.... The
stones are heated until they become red hot...ideal temperature 190-
$3 traditional sauna includes beating with leafy birch branches, washing,
ss and a plunge in a nearby lake or roll in the snow outside. Then
ss follows a necessary rest while the body cools down completely.
ss
Barre, Vermont, being the largest granite-cutting center in the
world, | decided to try adding granite dust which, as it comes
from the dust-removing device, is fine, like flour. Granite dust
contains 5 per cent of potassium, and has associated with it
sixteen minerals. When | applied it to the soil around my
garden plants, a number of things happened.
Among my flowers, | have 125 plants of delphinium. Each year |
had been having to combat a tiny mite which caused the leaves
to curl up and turn black. These harmful mites were so small
that | had to use a magnifying glass in order to see them crawling
on the leaves. | used a spray but it did not do away with them.
When | added the granite dust to the soil around the plants,
these harmful mites deserted my garden and have not returned.
Following the general examination, and the special examination of
his nose, | gave the boy a chew of honeycomb, to learn what might
happen. | wrote out directions for treatment to be followed at
home and prepared drops he was to take. Before | had finished
this——after about five minutes——the boy suddenly said, ‘My nose
is open! | can breathe through it!" | gave the medicine for home
use to the mother and discussed the written directions, Then |
examined the boy's nose again to see what the honeycomb had
accomplished.
The nose tissues had subsided, as they would have if | had used a
shrinking agent in the nose. Instead of being pale, the mucous
membrane was now light pink in color. One week later, at the
next office visit, the boy's nose was still open and he was
breathing with his mouth closed. ‘
Tucks and darts can be
let owt for growing baby’
Padded shoulder straps
Detacradle
bubdie bib /
greater support
ALM and holes aliowng
‘reedom ct movement
2. z=
tor baby
Adjustadie shou strap
Full outer pouch assures
Tucks and darts can, ercenient
allows for casryng
Grapers. etc at bottom.
Full-length for
access
belt
Snugli Baby Carrier
$28.95 postpaid from:
Snugli
Route 1, box 685
Evergreen, Colorado 80439
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
BUILDING A FINNISH SAUNA
A practical arrangement: 1) small stools used as steps; 2) steps;
3) rail for propping up feet; 1) platform; 5) headrest.
The need for a perspiration bath has arisen in those countries where
people have had to do exceptionally heavy physical work.... After
heavy work the limbs had to be made supple and strengthened before
work could be continued.
es
There are several different kinds ot platform. In some, a series of
steps of which the top one is wider than the rest, where there is room
to both sit and lie. In others, a wooden stairway leads up to the plat-
form which is like a gallery on which stools and benches are placed.
If possible the sauna should face west, as people usually go into the
sauna in the evening, very often at sunset. Then the rays of the setting
sun streaming into the sauna room give one a feeling of intense calm.
And, lying on the platform, looking out to the lake, one experiences
a delicious foretaste of what the cool waters will offer the bather who
plunges from the heat of the sauna into their depths.
Interior walls and ceiling are often built of kiln-dried,
unfinished redwood, which does not shrink, does not
warp, and is a poor heat conductor. Another excel-
lent wood is cedar, which not only shares redwood’s
good properties but also emits a pleasant odor and
does not stain with moisture.
e
Nailing should be done with hot-dipped galvanized
nails to avoid stains from rust; nails should be
counter-sunk whenever it is likely that a bather will
touch them in the hot room. Tongue-in-groove
Paneling disposes of this problem in wali construc-
tion; benches can be screwed from below.
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How to Live on Nothing
(Our best selling book.)
This book has a lot in common with Champagne Living On A
Beer Budget (be/ow), but there’s enough difference between the
two to make them more companion pieces than competitors.
The emphasis in Champagne Living is on the cheap accumu-
lation of necessary things. How to Live on Nothing covers
some of that ground too, but its main concern is the devel-
opment of personal skills to help you get free of the need
to pay people like carpenters, plumbers, doctors and real
estate agents to live your practical (that is to say, your
“real” or “concrete”’) life for you.
Of course there’s no such thing as “living on nothing.” The
book would be more properly titled, Living for Something,
For in a curious, unintended, Zen sort of way, that’s what
this book is about: living simply to establish familiarity
with the details of your world, with ordinary local mysteries
and miracles such as the wiring system in your house, the
fabric of the garments you wear, the truth of the food you
eat, and the fuel you burn. Behind the information, the
advice, the hints, and the facts, this book is about coming to
see things as they are, through your own eyes, instead of the
hired eyes of some expert or other. It’s about training
yourself to trust yourself, and trusting yourself to train
yourself, until you’re able to claim your right as a human
to be competent with your hands.
Finally no one is ever competent with his hands until he
uses them, and flipping through how-to-do-it books can
hardly be described as manual labor. So perhaps the best
way to recommend a book like this is to call it literature
and emphasize its inspirational value. | kind of like
that idea. I’ve thought the same thing about the Whole
Earth Catalog in general, which brings up an interesting
question: if the ultimate test of a good manual is its
success as art, does that mean that the ultimate test of
a good novel is its uses as a manual? We'll see. Mean-
while, here’s a good 75 cent how-to-do-it book that
could be a help to you on your next trip, real or imagined,
into the New Wilderness.
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman. Suggested by Jim Martin]
A food and nutrition chapter would not be complete without
mention of a food bargain that is unknown to most of us. It
is MPF, the Multi-Purpose Food, developed at the California
Institute of Technology and merchandised through the Meals
for Millions Foundation Incorporated, [correction: 1800
Olympic, Santa Monica, CA]. This is a non-profit organization
dedicated to relieving and preventing starvation and malnutrition
throughout the world. Meals for Millions supplies MPF for 3
cents a meal to famine areas.
BLACKBOARD CHALK. Leftover ends of chalk will give met-
als a shine when rubbed on. Also, store these ends with costume
jewelry to keep it from tarnishing.
City dweliers can get many vegetables for the asking at less
trouble than we who have to wander among the weeds. The
grocer nowadays has a perfect passion for washing greens and
wrapping them in pliofilm. If you reach his place early in
the morning when he’s engaged in this vitamin-robbing task,
you may receive a gift of the discarded vitamin-rich outer
leaves plus a stray carrot and some celery stalks. I’ve obtained
box fuls from a grocer in a nearby town and | use the wooden
boxes for fuel while I’m preparing the greens.
CORKS. A used cork should be kept near the kitchen sink in a
jigger glass or eggcup so that it is handy for scouring cutlery, etc.
Used with scouring powder, it is effective and saves wear and
tear on your dishcloth.
BREAKFAST WHEAT MEAL. Wash 2% cups (1 pound) wheat
kernels. Spread on cookie sheet to dry and toast in moderate
(350 degrees) oven for % hour. Put kernels through coffee
grinder, adjusting to fine if you want meal, coarser if you want
grits or groats. Makes 3 cups. Store in cool place. To make 4
small or 2 large servings and add concentrated milk values, mix
% cup wheat meal with % cup dry milk solids. Mix to paste in
% cup cold water. Add to 1% cups boiling water with % teaspoon
salt. Stir over low heat 3 minutes. When smooth and thick, add
a teaspoon of honey or raisins or other dried fruit or omit
sweetening and serve with butter or cream as your taste dictates.
DOORKNOB. If you have no pestle for pulverizing pills and
bruising seeds, mashing herbs, etc., use a doorknob in a wooden
salad bowl. 7
If you live in the city you can usually get plenty of discarded
crates for tinder, but unfortunately logs are expensive. News-
paper, however, is cheap. If you haven't enough of your own,
collect your neighbors’ or raid the nearest trash can. To make
alog out of paper, roll the newspaper from the bottom up so
that the length of the log will be no more than the width of
the paper. Make a thick roll (a single Sunday edition should do
it) at least 6 inches in diameter. Then fasten the roll by rolling
it on the diagonal of two sheets of fully spread-out newspaper
and tucking each end of this covering piece into each end of the
log roll. You'll not believe this until you try it——I didn’t——
but this paper log burns slowly and will stretch out a scant wood
supply admirably. We use these in our fireplace when it is too
damp to go out for wood.
ENVELOPES, either the ones addressed to you or the ones
enclosed as postage reply envelopes with ads or the ones enclosed
with wedding invitations, etc., should be re-used. Open addressed
envelopes carefully. Turn them inside out and reglue the seams.
Motor-driven equipment is an increasingly heavy expense as our
homes become more mechanized. Most of us, however, pay for
unnecessary appliance repairs through ignorance of how to avoid
them. It’s not necessary to try to rival the skill of a professional
repairman. Simply keep him away by knowing a few rules of
care and repair. Car engines aren't the only ones to suffer strain
in cold weather. A hard start strains any motor. Your washing
machine standing on the back porch in a temperature below 40
degrees F. must stand half a day inside in the warmth before you
do the wash. If you keep your sewing machine in the cold spare
room, apply the same rule. Even the motor-driven grinder out in
How to Live on Nothing from:
Joan Ranson Shortney Pocket Books
1961; 336 pp. A Division of
Simon & Schuster, Inc.
$.75 postpaid 630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y.
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Champagne Living on a Beer Budget
/f your vision of an alternate life style includes a dome in the
mountains, raising your own food and making your own
clothes from homespun wool, you probably ought to pass
this book up and wait til somebody writes Beer Living On A
Bay-Rum Budget.
But if you are pioneering in or near a city, and if money passes
through your hands with some regularity; if, that is, you
consider yourself what | have come to think of as a ‘suburban
guerrilla,’ then Champagne Living On A Beer Budget wou/d
be a handy tool to have around your camp.
(Someday, after I’ve lived in the suburbs longer, I‘d like to
write an essay about my vision of the suburban guerrilla. He’s
a definite phenomenon. There’s a sizeable population of them
here in the San Francisco Bay area, men and women out to
enjoy the advantages of town life without paying the custom-
ary penalties. Every suburban guerrilla probably has his own
definition of himself, but my own sense of him is this: he
has a job, but not a career. He likes the comforts, but doesn’t
want to go into debt for them. He makes distinctions between
things that are good and things that are merely expensive. He
may go in for elegance, or he may dig the funky scene.
Hippies, after all, are urban guerrillas. But hippies are kids
mainly grooving on each other in special enclaves, and that
isn’t quite what I’m talking about. |’m talking about people
who see the possibility of a rich and abundant adult life
within the context of those same suburban communities
generally condemned as such hopeless wastelands that ‘real’
life cannot be supported there. The suburban guerrilla | have
in mind is one of the suburbs, as well as in them.
He challenges the assumption that the suburban context is
hard, absolute, impenetrable, like plastic. To him, more
like a piece of cheesecloth, full of holes to breathe through,
and to wind in and out of, like a morning glory, or a pole bean
He borrows much of his point of view from the orientals. He
realizes that life goes on in the suburbs just like every other
place, even if most of the people there are too blind and deaf
to see and hear it. The guerrilla lives by his wits, one day at
atime. This makes him alert and alive. He has a talent for
cultivating the holes in his cheesecloth. One hole might
simply be the way the world is at six a.m. Another might be
first-hand knowledge of all the footpaths in the neighborhood.
He creates his freedom here and there and now and then, and
by diligence winds up with as much as any conscious man
94
starting.
10020
anywhere. His landscape is small and patterned, but there are
discoveries to be made on it, discoveries that can feed his own
life at the same time they are important to the culture. |
know of one elderly couple that subsists almost entirely on
the food they raise in their organic garden in the backyard
of their home in suburban Menlo Park. As far as I’m con-
cerned, the trip those two people are on, the life they are
proving possible, is the most inspiring radical activity in all of
San Francisco’s radical environs).
One needn’t romanticize his life as much as all that, however,
to find the book we're talking about a worthwhile manual.
Anybody interested in bargains ought to have it. It’s loaded
with facts, tips and information on good deals in all the
important categories. Food, clothing, shelter, real estate,
automobiles, household appliances, medical things, taxation,
funerals, recreation, retirement, consumer co-ops, travel,
babies, insurance, charities, and more. /t’s entertainingly
written; yet the rhetoric never gets in the way of the informa-
tion. The people who wrote it obviously want to beat the
money rap as much as any of us. They also want to live well.
Their book will be of considerable help to other people trying
to do both, simultaneously.
[Reviewed by Gurney Norman]
Cham e Living Beer Budget
1968; 247 pp.
$0.75 postpaid
from:
G. P. Putnam's Sons
200 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10016
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
For a dollar a year, you can subscribe to Our Public Lands, a quarterly
magazine telling how to buy public lands, where to hunt, fish, or camp;
also details of ‘Alaskan opportunities.’ Order from the Superintendent
of Documents, Washington, D. C. 20402
Finally we called eight establishments under Typewriters, Rental.
For comparable models of a Smith-Corona electric portable, two
companies wanted $25 per month; two wanted $22.50; three were
asking $20; one, $15; one, $12.50. We finally rented a nearly new
machine from a firm that charged $9 monthly on a two-month basis.
the unheated garage needs warming before running. Vacuum-
cleaner, freezer, and refrigerator motors all need warmth before
‘Overexposed steaks’ are a find for those who will literally look beyond
the surface of things. The fluorescent lighting used in grocery store
meat shelves darkens the steaks quite rapidly. Once a steak turns
maroon, it’s usually marked down by 25 percent or so—and it’s fine.
Some expensive canned fruits, like Elberta peaches and fine Bartlett
Pears, can be bought in cans of ‘chunks and pieces’ for a fourth or less
than you'd pay for canned halves.
Or, if you'd rather, the National Association of Housing Cooperatives,
Inc., invites your query. Address: 465 Grand Street, New York City,
N. Y. 10002. Latest information on new cooperative would be
available from the United Housing Foundation, same address; or from
the Association for Middle Income Housing, 217 Park Row, New York;
or the FHC Company, 322 Main, Stamford, Conn. (FHC International,
1001 15th Street NW, Washington, D.C., is an affiliate of the FHC
Company and helps develop housing cooperatives overseas.)
©
Homes in the paths of proposed freeways have usually been bought
by the city or county and are rented on an annual lease basis until
time for demolition. Friends of ours are renting a $30,000 home for
$85 a month—until the bulldozers claim it. They simply called the
city switchboard and asked to speak to someone about renting city-
county-owned homes.
Homes being rented are often not due for demolition for eight or ren
years. They’re bought up far in advance of need so there won't be
last-minute snags or holdouts.
Avoid the cheap $10-$17 brake jobs advertised by some service
Stations and shops, At the price, the linings are most likely of inferior
quality, and wheel cylinders won't be rebuilt.
When it comes to air travel you can avail yourself of bargains if you'll
fly major airlines on weekdays, regional airlines on weekends...fly by
night...forgo the two glasses of champagne in first-class quarters...buy
a ‘run-of-the-airline’ ticket on a regional western carrier if you live in
the eastern half of the country...travel to Europe in off-seasons...fly
a triangle, with a stop at an intermediate glamour city thrown in for
a few dollars extra...travel a heavy-volume, frequently scheduled
commuter flight...forgo reservations and fly for half fare, on a standby
basis, on at least one airline...or register as a first-time airline rider on
‘another and make any round trip in the system for $25...buy a pack-
age which wraps up hotel, entertainment, and air fare.
To locate a Memorial society in your area, or for bequeathal informe
tion, write to:
Continental Association
39 East Van Buren Street
Chicago, III. 60605
For $1, this nonprofit organization will send you A Manual of Simple
Burial (64 pages).
For 25 cents, the Continental Association will send you Memorial
Associations: What They Are and How They are Organized. The
association will also be happy to inform you if any societies are newly
active in your area.
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Consumer Reports
Consumer Reports is a comfort. When the time is come to
puy some goodie—color television, or a hi-fi, or a sewing :
machine-CU (Consumers Union) is there with the information
on what's the best, or the best buy, or the healthiest of the
prands available. |.e.: how not to get burned (one antici-
pa
tes the CU research on brand-name psychedelics).
Consumer Reports is a monthly magazine with articles on
various classes of products and various cases of marketing
misbehavior; the December issue is the Buying Guide—a
dense compendium of all the quality/price information,
available separately for $1.95. 1 only wish the magazine
would print ads, give the manufacturers a place to beef back,
liven up the Liberal Hour.
Consumer Reports
$6.00/ yr. (monthly) U.S.
$6.50 Canada, Latin America, Spain
$7.00 elsewhere
from:
Consumers Union
Mount Vernon, N. Y. 10550
Unity Buying Service
All my life | heard about factory prices, always
mentioned in hushed tones or resentful tones,
depending on whether one had been obtained
ornot. But / never saw one in person til this
catalog came along, and, by god, there they are:
factory prices, half or two-thirds of store prices.
This catalog has slick pictures of mostly slickery
items, with truthful store prices, and then——
over here in this plain jane book——the factory
prices for same. You add 5%, order, wait two
weeks, and here comes all right stuff, righteous
cheap.
Consumer Reports Buying Guide
$1.95 postpaid
from:
Consumers Union
Mount Vernon, N. Y. 10550
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
1970
66... Russ D. Barnard, assistant vp- ‘
marketing, CBS Records, said: ‘You : >,
can’t sell today’s youth. They are too en
smart, too experienced and too disillu-
sioned by the total bombardment of sell.’
But, he said, they can be reached through
honesty and by having 40 or 50 com-
pany pr ti gers under 25 and
five product managers under 27, like
CBS does. . . ."—ADVERTISING AGB.
66Taking care of water pollution is
money down the drain, says William
Geissman, manager of technical services
at National Lock Co., in Rockford, II. WHAT’S THAT THING on
‘It adds nothing to the product, and the rear deck of this Mustang? It’s an op-
bout all t out of it is a littl tion called a “wing” or “spoiler” available
goodwill ie ‘wa! ioe his for $20. What does it do? On the Mustang,
company has engaged a consultant and nothing useful. It’s intended to keep the car’s
rear end down at high speeds. But it will
EY knows exactly what to put in to clean up work only at speeds far higher than anyone
& ‘ ~. its pollution. “But we’re trying to hold should drive on a public road. So a “spoiler”
» vy back as long as we can, hoping to find a on the Mustang is simply a styling gimmick
more economical way.’ ’’—BUSINESS that may give day-dreaming drivers visions
WEEK. of Daytona while stuck in rush-hour traffic
A HEAVY DUTY SWIVEL BASE MACHIN-
IST'S VISE jaws 4” wide open to 3%’. Ship. wt.
13 Ibs. Size: 9% x 5Y% x 5¥.
[Suggested by Muldoon Elder] 2417A635
Kodak Carousels are THE standard of the image
projection world. We’ve seen nowhere a better
price than here.
@ KODAK 800 CAROUSEL PROJECTOR WITH 5” F/3.5 LENS Has 11 basic
features plus fully automatic remote slide control: focus; advance; reverse; stop
slides by 12 ft. cord. Automatic slide change at 5, 8, or 15 second intervals for
unattended continuous projection. Slide change, forward and reverse by buttons
at projector. 4 position switch including Hi-Low brightness control. Ship. wt.
Store $144.50; Unity $ 91.51+ 5% = $96.09
19 Ibs.
3699A13270
SAME AS ABOVE WITH 4” TO 6”" ZOOM LENS.
3698A10980
@ KODAK 850 CAROUSEL PROJECTOR WITH 5” F/2.8 LENS Incorporates
Tl basic projector features with automatic focus. Focuses slides automatically
after the first slide. 3 way slide control. Remote—change, forward, reverse, stop
by 12 ft. cord, push button controls at the projector and automatically at 5, 8,
or 15 second intervals. Tungstan-halogen (quartz) lamp for longer life. Ship. wt.
Store $189.50; Unity $120.01 + 5% = $126.02
19 Ibs.
3700A14400
SAME AS ABOVE WITH 4” TO 6”” ZOOM LENS.
3701A16300
ees see
*
Hong Kong
Store $10.50 Unity $3.98 + 5% = $4.18
Store $174.50; Unity $110.51 + 5% = $116.04 Economy portable comes
Store $214.50; Unity $135.85 + 5% = $142.65
If you have the time (5 weeks or so), Hong Kong offers
fantastic deals in cameras, tape recorders, motorcycles,
binoculars, calculators, suits, etc. Prices generally
-include seamail costs. You pay import duty (like, $15
on a $118 Canon FT-QL——that costs $280 in the
States), and Customs obliterates the trademark. Catalogs
are free.
Write to:
T.M. Chan & Co.
P.O. Box 3881
Hong Kong
Far East Company
P.O. Box 6784
Kowloon, Hong Kong
[Suggested by Terry Link, Thomas
Dixon, Jas Hayden, Anne]
Albert White & Co., Ltd.
K.P.O. Box K-202
Kowloon, Hongkong
Universal Suppliers
P.O. Box 14803
Hong Kong
FACTORY
cost
BOOK
UNITY SUTING SERVICE,
Unity Buying Service
Annual membership $5.00
@© ORAFTSMAN’S DRAWING SET Deluxe mech-
anical drawing set is an invaluable aid for everyone:
student; artist; instructor; etc. 19 professional qual-
from: ity tool ked t leatherett Special
Unity Buying Service, Inc. y tools packed in a smart leatherette case. Specia
Mount Vernon, N. Y. 10551 straightening devicé on compass’ and dividers. Set
contains: 1-6’’ compass; 1-42’’ compass; ruling
pen; 6” Swedish detail ruling pen; 6’ hairspring
divider; 5’ drop bow with pen and pencil parts;
3%"’ steel spring bow pen, pencil and divider with
center screw. Case size: 12 x 5¥2 x 1’. Store
6277A1650 Ship. wt. 2lbs. $ 30.00
® Office-size,
84-character keyboard
= Touch-Set margin
controls
Calibrated paper bail
= Rugged,
all-metal construction
with your choice of Pica
or Elite type styles.
Convenient
“console” carrying
cover included.
Shipping weight 11 Ibs.
Attractive smooth
gray finish. Store Unity
§977A3900 Elite $49.98 $12.60 + 5% = $13.23
Unity
$32.44 + 5% = $34.06
Nikon Camera and accessories: — Portable Tape Recorders:—
376 Nikon F Photomic FTn camera 1082 Sony TC 100 Cassette recorder w/cuse .. ...... 62.00
with £:2.0/50mm lens and cuse .......... 262.00 1083 Sony Easymatic 8FC 59-w Cassette Corder ...... 48.00
377 with f:1.4/50mm lens and case .......... 275.00 1084 Sony Easymatic 8FC 69-w Cassette Corder ...... 55.00
378 witn £:1.2/5S5mm lens and case .......4-. 308.00 1085 Sony TC 124 CS 4 Track Stereo Cassette recorder 124.00
379 Nikon F Photomic FTn camera body only ...... 234.00 1086 Sony TC 125 Cassette Tape Deck ........... A 80.00
3K0 Spare Photomic FTn Meter-Prism Only ........ 82.00 1087 National (Panasonic) RQ203 Cassette Recorder .. 42.00
381 eveready case ......- 10.00 1088 National (Panasonic) RQ204 Cassette Recorder .. 36.00
382 | Nikon F Standard Prism Model 1089 | National (Panasonic) RQ210 Cassette Recorder .. 78.00
with £:2.0/50mm lens and case .........- 205.00 1090 | National (Panasonic) RS-255 Cassette Stereo .... 96.00
383 1091 | National RQ231 Cassette recorder w/FM Radio | 82.00
384 with f:1.2/55mm lens and cause .......... 251.00 1092 National RF 7270 Cassette recorder w/FM Radio 88.00
1094 | National RE-7060 Stereo Cassette Recorder wiFM
with f:2.0/50mm lens und cuse .......... 176.00 1095 Uher 4400 Report Stereo Tape Recorder complete
3kY with f:1.4/50mm lens and case .......... 190.00 with 1 each MS14 microphone. Z1!4 Mains
390 with f:1.2/55mm lens and case .......... 223.00 cofinection unit and charging device for
392 Spare eveready case . . 9.50 Special Dryfit accumulator, K54i Stereo cable,
393 Auto-Nikkor lens 20mm f:3.5 148 00 empty reel and 1200 ft tape ............. 266.00
394 24mm f:2.8 115.00
from Albert White & Co. catalog
PRICES ARE SUB
JECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
7
GUIDE
—
yond
=
{
n
ior
ly
;
n
ly
Sears/Wards mail order Sears
If you live away from cities, where telephone calls and
quick car trips aren’t possible, the Sears and Wards
catalogs are indispensable, Clothes, tools, building materials
all via mail and service is rapid. Both catalogs are intelligently
organized, Although we take such for granted, the Sears
catalog was on display in the U. S. pavilion at the Brussels
World’s Fair and continually mobbed by people of other
countries,
Both have farm catalogs, with contractor’s and light
industrial equipment and all types of farm equipment,
including live poultry. Sears has a separate catalog of
Craftsman tools, which are considered the best low-cost
hand tools. Most electric tools have a year’s guarantee
and other tools are unconditionally guaranteed. If you
break a hammer handle after three years’ use, they‘//
give you anew hammer.
$1399
Order from nearest Sears or Wards store. Two catalogs a Beam encloses screw .. can’t clog “3. in jew
year: spring-summer and fall-winter. Free. To stay oe the Heavy-duty steel channel. Jaws can’t wobble sideways Bup and
ling lis e six months. down. Convenient, built-in pipe j Slanted swivel locki $
Screw handle ends forged from handle stock . . can’t come
loose. Zinc handle, screw, lock nut. Fast-acting, Acme-
threaded steel screw seated in replaceable malleable iron nut .
Italian Bees
. « favorites for their
industriousness and low price
2-pound package
with Italian Queen
$7795
A 2 or 3-pound package of bees with brea Workes ~
queen gets your new hive off to a
start. And just watch it grow . . in one . Ta
original investment. Earnings from honey
and beeswax can make beekeeping a a Anchors
rofitable side line as well as a rewarding nger support
jobby.
Natural coloring of drone, queen and
worker is black and yellow. Extra bees
included with every package to cover
natural losses in transit. From apiary in
southern United States. See shipping note
below. State date wanted.
footings, and easier
to install. No holes
to dig, fill or tamp.
2-Ib. Package of Bees with one bred
6-ton standard hoist
$5 @ month
© Wards low priced handyman
Full 63-in. lifting height. Has exclusive
patented linkage described
S-qt. cylinder capacity—if tractor hy.
draulic reservoir is too small for capacity
of cylinder, bolster hoists can be operat.
edwith either single ordouble ction. Big
5-in. LD. cylinder. Recommended for
10 and 12-ft. wagon boxes. Shipped same
as (A) above.
X89 FX 25901 F—Ship. wt. 220 Ibs. 84.95
All wagon boxes, hoists fr
Wards lo-loads, pages 50-5]
Truckers’ or lariat rope for roping
animals, tying loads, etc. Fines
Manila fibers are tightly laid for
durability; treated to resist mois.
ture, mildew, severe weather. 7.
in. diameter. Cut to order. Ship,
wt 6 ibs. per 100 ft. State length
on your order.
84 FX 9648 H-3 Strand.Per ft.
84 FX 9649 H-4 Strand.Per it
Economy
6-speed blender
6-speed blender ranges from
11,500 to 16,000 RPM. Econ-
omically and efficiently
mixes drinks, purees food for
Baby or a special diet; also
chops vegetables. 38-oz.
clear plastic jar is gradu-
ated in 4-cups. Liftoff 114-02.
measuring cap. Convenient
pouring spout. Chrome-
plated base, black plastic
lid. No-mar feet. Cord. Abt
1214 in. high. 316 watts. Wt.
86C 45818............ 19.49
Portable kerosene stoves in 4 models
Sturdy steel construction with 12Dx28}4 in. high
13]
have solid brass seated adjusio-
flame valves to regulate heat. Par-
tially closed backs. Removable
68 C 1155AAT—Ship. wt. 24 lbs. 16.50
high-leg stove (not shown).
27Wx12Dx2844 in. high.
68 C 1154AAT—Ship. Ibe. 13.50
(7) 2-burner table stove. 27 in. wide,
screw-end permits easy ing of 12in. deep, 10/4 in. high.
fuel line. 2-qt. glass fuel bottle. 3-ply eectiaaahe-oee by Ibs. 11.50
asbestos wicks. Both 3-burner stoves 3-berner (not shown)
take full-size wash boilers.
(6) burner high-leg stove. 37Wx
table stove
37Wx12Dx10\ in.
68 C 1145 AT—Ship. wt. 18 lbs. 14.59
Italian Queen. Good choice for hobbyist. ~
F32 KF 55441 V—One Package. Postpaid. ——
(Shipping weight 7 pounds)....... .$7.95 = 3
3-Ib. Package of Bees with one bred
Italian Queen. Excellent producers. caecrete
F32 KF 55415V—One Package. Postpaid. j
(Shipping weight & pounds). .. $9.95
F32 KF 55416V—Ten Pkgs. Postpaid.
(Wt. 80 Ibs.) $8.50 monthly..Cash $89.00 a Tr cath
+t er, $14 monthty
capacity
Winch,
wire rope, hook s
14-MESH 9-MESH 4-MESH
ing level, can be u lor grading, leveling, pre- 3
liminary surveys. As a surface level, can be used for lev- 8-quart Fruit Press as am 5 % s
eling shelves, refrigerators, counter tops and many other |
Some. has center line plus line to de- Presses most fruits into fresh, flavorful é
px juices with no preservatives added
weight aluminum with steel tension clip. Instruction F ‘
manual included. Plastic case. $ 95 $4 REx
9 AT 4624—Shipping weight 13 ounces.......... $5.79 cash -+
Press fruit at the peak of its flavor and can it or ; x a =
enjoy it right then at home. Extracts all juice with =
minimum with Dairy Barn Windows | Basement Windows
press. Pattern ter the old familiar farm cider
Our best Tool Box $18°° press. All wooden parts of western hardwood, spe- Reinforced ~ Mines 8-cv. fr. batch—maximum cap. 1000
3 gauge steel body. cially chosen because of its moisture resistance . . you plastic, Ibs. Like owning your own ready-miz
Divided tote tray. Handle on top, get no taste transfer that way. ; truck, but even more versatile. Mount
both ends. Two 1-piece drawbolts. Rustic natural wood finish with red metal trim- this 15-cu. ft. mixer on the back of your
Center lock, 2 k Red-enamel fin- ming. Built to take heavy pressure. Sturdy welded tractor, go places even a truck can’t
ish. 2434 in. long; 946 in. wide; 934 cast-steel frame. Tub of hardwood stays fastened by —extra Stromg | Sian os though doors, ine
See “Craftsman Com- strong iron hoops. Heavy steel crosshead and press Cc tight areas—pour after rain and in mud
ial” on page 8. screw with accurately cut threads. lew per eq. fi. that would mire a truck. Pls standasd
99 AT 65141C—Wt. 23 Ibs... $18.$9 32 KF 80052K—Shipping weight 18 Ibs.....$21.95 eo 100 ft. 3-pt. hitch, no bolting; off in 3 minutes
The Armchair
Shopper’s Guide
This cheerful book is an
uncommonly practical
compendium of access.
Listed here are all of the
major and many of the
minor mail order shippers
in the world. To a large
extent the shippers carry
items not available locally.
Each source is very well
described and compared
with its competitors. The
Armchair Shopper’s Guide
is more general than us,
and geared to wealthier
readers, but if you use the
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
very much, you can almost
certainly use
SHOPPTR
“GUDE
Bargaies
the Shopper’s
Guide.
The Armchair Shopper’s Guide from:
Delphine C. Lyons Essandess Special Editions
1968; 218 pp. Simon and Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
$1.50 postpaid New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
You'll have to pay the sales tax if the mail-order house is located in
your own state or municipality, but you aren‘t required to pay it to
firms in other states, nor may they charge you their local sales taxes.
Although this has always held true for most mail-order firms, in the
past such big houses as Sears, Roebuck and Co. made a practice of
collecting the various local sales taxes from their customers and passing
them on to the state or city involved. However, a recent court ruling
has declared this illegal. So, if you live in a place such as New York
City you can save a pretty penny (5 percent) by buying by mail from
out-of-state firms.
The Ollech and Wajs Watch Co., 8039, Zurich, Switzerland (catalog
free) deals mainly in specialty watches for sportsmen and technicians.
Men's watches begin at $13 for a 17-jewel skindivers’ shockproof
model that has a revolving bezel for giving time in two zones simul-
taneously or for counting elapsed time. There's a watch that doubles
as a slide rule and, most expensive of all, the ‘SMT Roboter 17-jewel
Pilot and Diving Chronograph,’ which looks like something out of the
future with its revolving bezel, telemetric scale, five-minute yacht
racing calibration, and whatnot, costing $65. (Only one style is
offered for women at this house, a 17-jewel diving watch at around
$13, $33 if you want a self-winding model.)
Pine Hills Herb Farm, P. O. Box 307, Roswell, Ga. 30075 (brochure
free) also has an extensive collection of herbs, all organically grown.
In addition, they put out a book for tyro herbalists which is $1 by
itself or 50¢ with an order.
Orientalia Bookshop, Inc., 11 East 12th Street, N. Y., N. Y. 10003
(catalogs free): This house specializes in books on Asia and the East,
in all areas (and many languages).
If you're interested in cheeses from all over the world, as well as all
domestic varieties, Cheese Unlimited, 1263 Lexington Ave., New
York, N. Y. 10028 (catalog free) has one of the largest and most
fascinating listings I've seen. Its catalog includes cheese recipes, hints
for serving cheese, wines to serve with it, and all kinds of other infor-
mation. Prices are astonishingly low. (I found some lower than at
my local supermarket.) In addition to familiar cheeses, they have
such exotic items as Bola from Puerto Rico, Krevi from Finland,
Wenslydale from England, Ostiepka from Czechoslovakia, Kaskaval
from Rumania, Sprinz from Argentina, Mizithra from Greece, Bush-
man from Australia, Kajmak from Turkey, Liptaur from Hungary,
Téte de Moines from France, Kernheim Roomkase from Holland,
and Piconcick from Michigan.
e
For used encyclopedias and other reference books, free price lists
are available from The Reference Book Center, 159 West 33 St.,
N. Y., N. ¥Y. 10001, and The Literary Mart, 1265 Broadway, N.Y.,
N.Y. 10001.
~
4
SS
— yo
—"
groove desired with po
lets you dial width from 3¢ to
dado from saw. Calibrated in ibs. 4 os,
16ths of an inch, Maximum
depth of cut is 2 inches. Once
dado is set following cut will
aeeet ~. 4 not vary. Use to plough, dado,
lap, groove, joint rabbet. ete durable black and white
baked enamel finish. 4-in. burners
7-inch tempered, selected steel blade. 8 precision-ground
carbide tipped teeth bevel ground on front face for fre cutting Ka
on , and hard and soft woods. Also }
ee use on Formica® laminated ic, other laminates and sensitive : ] Thi
ea materials. %-inch arbor with %-inch bushing for use on 8, 9,
be 10, 12 and 14-inch radial arm and bench saws. } “ae
9 AT 3267—Shipping weight 2 Ibs. 12 oz.............$19.99
File
The
ana
ana
5g
be
Boffing Equipment
We hereby nominate Jack
Nottingham for a Nobel
Peace Prize for the first
significant advance in
weaponry since the
encounter group. As Gerd
Stern used to say a lot,
“contact is the only love,”
and these foam swords
permit contact—with an
un-pulled punch and no
corporal damage. However.
the release of interpersonal
energy is only one of the
uses of boffers. They are
a fine game, builder of
psychic and physical skill.
For one thing you learn
about temper: it’s an
obstacle and a hazard——
you get cut to pieces
every time. You learn
about other stuff as well,
no teacher required; the
wisdom is inherent in
the doing. As the inventor
proclaimed at the end of a
public boffing match at the
Fillmore West: “’The sword
is mightier than the pen.”
[Suggested by Heliotrope]
(2 foam swords, 2 hand protectors, 2 goggles)
$1 1.00 postpaid
from:
Jack Nottingham
190 Emmet Court
Kama Sutra Oil
This material lubricates, warms,
feels good, smells good, and
tastes good. It’s for making
love with.
Kama Sutra Oil
4 bottle
$4.25 postpaid
from:
Kama Sutra Om
1800 North Highland
Los Angeles, CA 90028
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fleming Bottle and Jug Cutter
The bottle cutter makes a practical tool. By following the instructions
and with some practice anyone can turn out interesting glasses, mugs
and vases. The kit will cut anything from an eight ounce bottle to a
5 gallon jug. We don’t even take back bottles with deposits anymore.
Wine bottles make interesting pilseners. Beer bottles make excellent
glasses in sets of six, plus you get to drink the beer. We've given them
as wedding presents and people really dig them. If you hate the
thought of all that wasted glass like | do, you’ll write to Floyd Fleming.
His instructions are personable and informative.
[Suggested and reviewed by Pat Milberry]
The trick is to tap
the bottle from the
inside; that way the
bottle doesn’t break.
(L to R): cutting,
tapping, finished
Product.
San Francisco, CA 94110
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Jug & Bottle Cutter
$6.85 postpaid
Fleming Bottle and Jug Cutter
2110S. W. 173rd Place
Seattle, Washington 98166
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
3 The Israel Army Physical Fitness Book
s: Everybody | know’s doing pushups. Kesey claims there’s
ss another wave of creativity coming, and he’s doing pushups
s: toget ready. Lloyd just finished editing his dome book,
ss and he’s doing pushups to get his head and body back in
ss phase. |’m doing pushups out of some grotesque nostalgia
ss: for the Army (U.S.). Low-rent yoga, that’s what it is. Sure
ss enough, on a few square feet of prison cell or meditation
ss hut, it can make you feel dedicated and well.
[Suggested by Whole Earth
Access Company]
The Israel Army Physical Fitness Book
Jesse Zel Lurie and Samuel! Segev, Ed.
1969; 127 pp.
$1 .00 postpaid
from:
Grosset & Dunlap, Inc.
51 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10010
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Starting Position: Stand with feet apart, trunk bent forward,
arms raised sideways.
Movements: 1) Bend your back and drop your head while
crossing your arms downwards.
2) Back to starting position, bringing arms up
sideways.
3—4) Rest in starting position.
Explanation: \n the starting position, arms should be at the sides
and pulled forward, in line with the head. Eyes front. When
the arms are crossed downwards they should be fairly loose.
Be careful to keep knees straight.
~
[Army Field Manual FM 21-20, Physical
Readiness Training, is a jot more compre-
hensive. Order from the Government
Printing Office. (See p. 100)]
9
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shown) 3 j
HH
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8. 14.59
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= + ee e
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— > = = => se 4
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as
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es
“NUP
*
*
Teg’s 1994 P
We do not anticipate that any reader will find his ideal future society
. ; i mirrored in this book because this is not a Utopian description. Teg’s Some of the longer-term residents have begun to question this
We re generally down on Utopian thinking around here, 1994 sketches a possible future world where the techno-system acts community myth of sea-use, and are proposing nenenne toa 7
holding to a more evolutionary fiasco-by-fiasco approach to merely as infrastructure, expansion and growth are no longer goals myth of sea co-existence. They wish to convert to a vegetarian n
perfection. Thus Walden Two, Island, Stranger in a Strange and human society has reemphasized social interaction through sea-diet and prevent the eating of fish. Given the fact that ki
Land, and Riminér’s stuff have not been listed. They're well communities. is presently essential to protein adequacy throughout b
’ 5 Oe ee u process of change is continuing and we are witnesses to the scarcity-regions the other residents think this is unrealistic.
known enough anyway. One publication——relatively unknown——_ it through sharing Teg’s thought and experiences throughout her Th : i re n
with a more structural brand of speculation is Theobald & year of travel of 1994. re
Scott et al’s Tez’s 1994, The “ pig - ; to a myth of sea-adaption. They propose surgical conversion of
poe f et al's Legs , e “book” is an on-going process During her year of travel as an Orwell Fellow, Teg learns that her the human-being for water-breathing. tf
at invites your participation. contemporaries’ concept of the ‘communication society”’ is J
increasingly flawed by interaction failures between diverging e T
[Suggested by Robert Theobald] communities. A full expression of each community's sub-culture, |
or myth, has been achieved only at the cost of increasing mutual The human values of honesty, responsibility, humility and love are d
Tes’s 1994 incomprehension, and even a re-emergence of an aggressive commun- essential if synergetic spirals are to be predominant: if the Benedict
Reber Theobald & J. M. Scott ity ethnocentricism. synergy-effect is to occur. Effective communication depends on
1969; 115 pp. In the last decade of the twentieth century there is a growing aware- these values.
: ness that maximizing social interaction is as much an avoidance of It appears to be primarily this understanding whose significance
1-4 copies $5 each postpaid ee ae responsibility for full self-development as were has not been fully comprehended in communities around the
burma . earlier a reliance on the control-systems of the “economic mechanism” world. It is true that most people recognize that their own
ph bss: $3 each postpaid and later the “technological imperative.’ As the book ends we community interaction is only successful when based on these }
trom: see Teg and her contemporaries beginning the struggle for full values but they have not generally perceived that inter-community 1!
Personslized Secreterial Services human awareness through reappraisal of communication tech- interaction must also be based on them. Nor have they perceived
5045 North 12th Street niques and a new understanding of the role of the individual as that each individual is a member of the terran society, and needs $
Phoenix, Arizona 85014 a member, not only ofa face-to-face community, but also of the to be involved in terran communication as well as effective com-
larger human society——terran society. munication within his community, immediate group and family. fr
Village Planning in the Primitive World :
The Nias village plan is not merely modeled on the ver
Successful small community design must fit cosmos; it hes all the symbolic attributes of the world. Ge ten
the local physical environment and at the same cdgeut caved on wien phen aoe throughout the Plains. The purpose of this rite was “
time render clear the community’s social system and other symbols of the lower world, some of them world renewal. During the ceremonies the priest ms
and its religious system. This book has 78 devouring fish, dogs, and other animals. This end ream es ee the five worlds of the e
pictures and eight detailed written accounts of the village (jou) is regarded as ‘downstream,’ hich hes to be stock Sanctiiatpalh wet, B
( which is synonymous with death, commoners, which has to stocked successively with water,
of village systems that have worked for bush- aquatic animals, ‘west’ and ‘north.’ Sibaloi, or vegetation, buffalo, and healthy, happy Cheyenne.
men, Cheyenne Indians, Trobriand Islanders, ‘river source, upstream,’ corresponds to life, chief- H
the Yoruba, Mbuti pygmies,.and others. The tainship, aerial creatures, ‘east,’ ‘south,’ and the sun. pattern, although during it there was much clowning
and good fun. These ceremonies were not necessarily a
systems are diverse, compelling, and mind- The village axis is further conceived of as the sky- ‘ all
, CO , eich rune be d given annually but depended on the presence ofan .
opening for approaching the design of one’s and underworld. This sky-river is aos on “ye — individual who pledged himself (particularly when
own community. and the world snake (i.e., the Milky Way) that rings he or a relative faced death) to undertake the
the world (or village). The world tree grows at the ee roe C
center of the ‘universe,’ the Fuso Newali, at which fr
spot the fusion of opposing forces is believed to
= place. Such joinings or reconciliations f
characterize the climactic moments in Nias thought.
ee *
Envirom
DOUGLAS FRASER 3
#3 © ENVIROM is a soft ring of lightweight inflatable pillows
s: designed to bring people together in play, seminars, groups.
HH Used by free schools, experimental colleges, encounter and
3 sensitivity groups. ENVIROM offers a relaxing and inex-
HH pensive alternative to institutional furniture. Constructed of
:: heavy duty 20 gauge vinyl it withstands the toughest use.
s: Folds to blanket size, weighs 20 /bs. Seats twenty in com-
: aie Authority in the Bushman band rests with a headman 3 fort.
Douglas Fraser titles, military or juridical power, and the headman
1968: 128 pp. receives no particular rewards; the job is inherited ; "Wil
by the previous headman’s eldest son, unless the
$2.95 postpaid latter chooses to renounce it by moving to another
band. The principal task of the headman, apart from
fron: that of controller of natural resources, is the choosing
: of the site for a new settlement and the kindling of
George Braziller
One Park Avenue the ceremonial fire there. If he is too young, too
New York, N. Y. 10016 weak, or too old to exercise office, the actual role
of on another man of de-
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG monstrat ility. e headman of a Bushman =
band is therefore only first among equals, and in ”
many weys his function is merely thet of inventory-
- : ss keeper in an area where the miscalculation of ps
resources is tantamount to disaster. K
Extraordinary publication. It’s an on-going bibliography of
. F 4 The majority of the earlier communes were based on religion. The te
the Subculture for libraries. Every two months there's an Shakers group is a good example of the many new sects who came ar
issue on a new subject-—Women s Liberation, Communes, to America, the land of ‘‘Liberty” and “Equality.” The commune ne
Ecology, Indians——with articles, pictures, and fine annotated _\asted for 150 years and made important contributions to American
ibliographi A frui: ; - crafts and folk art. Their theology is very interesting because of
bibliographies, the cheery fruit of solid research. As./ under ins ing “
A er fer in ipacy; in ition, ey a unique theory of the
stand it, the service is only available to libraries: free. So bi-sexuality of God, the feminine counterpart of Jesus being a
bug your local library, or, hmm, | wonder what it takes to wonderful character named Mother Ann. (Appetite whetted for K
start a library. Back issues of Synergy are worth getting. further study?) HH od weg :
fail answer questions on research problems. All of the riligious communes were not so successful, however, the os : $
majority of them only lasting the lifetime of their leader. The
SYNERGY: MARCH ‘APRIL f Suggested by William Hogan] Woman in the Wilderness, for instance, composed of 40 men HH $60 00 can BE nk
: “F (40 seemed a magic number to many of them), had a theology based 35 731 Virginia S
On astronomy, Mathematics and astrology and failed soon after HH Berk ton GA enni0
their leader died an ordinary death and didn’t ascend into Heaven oH ee
as he was supposed to. The Zoarites lasted as long as their rH Seesersseccecsescsecesssssessss Seeseeceeeseeseceessensecssssscessecess
members remained free from boredom, and failed when the . SSSSCESSSSSSSSeeeeesesesseseese SSSSCSSSSSSSSSSSSESSESSSSSEESEeeSEEESSES
young essule OF Sn sant agen to squabble with the older members. i Aldo. A Sand County Almanac. Oxford University Press,
Synergy joes this sound familiar .
e A classic, articulate work in ecological ethics.
via your local library
Soke, Edward. Looking Backward, 2000-1887. Modern Library, i
team: : Odum, Eugene. Fundamentals of Ecology. (2nd ed.) Saunders, 1959.
arly co. gg Public Library A wealthy Bostonian awakens to find himself in the year 2000 A.D. 50
San Francis¢o, CA 94102 He falls in love with the great granddaughter of his Bostonian fiancee A compendium of interesting ideas for ecosystem management, this
" and with her tours the ideal socialistic commonwealth. Bellamy’s text is useful both for understanding some possibilities for technically
7 utopia had tremendous impact on social reformers and had hundreds resolving our conflicts with nature and, more important, for under-
of imitators. standing actual and potential strategies employed by ecosystem
Sd Gateway to Survival is Storage. Available through Atlantis e seenanees
nterprises, Ltd., P. O. Box 141, Glendale, Calif. 91209. 34 p. Ld
$1.00. discussion of the coordinators of the Mid-Peninsula AUDUBON
‘ ree University, one of the major ones in the Bay Area, printed in - National Audubon Society, 1130 Fifth Ave., New York,
Written for use by members of the Mormon Church for emergency their publication, The Free You, produced this conclusion: the main N. Y. 10028. Bimonthly. $1.50; $8.50 yr.
situations. Much valuabie, tested information for the retreater purpose behind the Free University has been sidetracked, si ith : : a : A
who wants to throw off the continuous, conspicuous consumption n ty 5 acked, since it has The granddaddy of them all, this conservation magazine is a delight tr
por never become an integral part of the community, but rather simply to look at and to read. The articles are thoroughly professional, ye
. . another form of entertainment. It isa “fun” night school which and the quality of the photography is unsurpassed. Features a ti
AND NOW THERE ARE TOO MANY HUMAN BEINGS. attracts many people both by its wide range of courses unavailable “National Outlook”’ section and book reviews written by author- cd
LET US BE ANIMALS OR BUDDHAS INSTEAD. ryote else and by its free and casual approach to learning. The ities. There are reviews of children’s books in the natural science tr
Gary rather than a field. A relatively new section is “Death Row”, which reports on
‘ i xperience for a new type of society. ‘areas threatened by “progress.”
4
Ths
‘
Pyrotechnics
This book “places in the hands of the beginner a working
] manual which will assist greatly in the production of every
known piece of fireworks.”’ Like dope, fireworks are illegal
ut because they're fun and dangerous. When a good dope-
making book comes out-(or Preparation of the Eucharist
returns), we'll carry it. Meantime we're delighted to have
. this book on homemade pyrotechnics. 1'll never forget
July 4 at Lama last year. The rockets were old and rotten. Ficurr 67
They ascended to an altitude of three feet and then came of te,
dead at you.
odie [Suggested by Gladney Oakley] VOLCANO
n This very pretty little device, easily made and perfectly safe for
use by small children is produced by rolling a stout cone, 3 to
4 inches long and 2 inches in diameter at its base, on a former
similar to that shown for sky rocket cones. The tip is cut off
so as to allow an opening about 1/8 inch, into which a stout piece
Pyrotechnics of quickmatch is inserted. A ramming mold is now made from a
‘it George W. Weingart 4 inch block of wood, into which a tapering hole, of the same taper
a 1947; 244 pp. as the volcano cone, is worked. A case is inserted and rammed with
the following composition:
Is $8.50 postpaid
- Saltpeter 24
a from: Sulfur 4
Chemical Publishing Company, Inc. Mixed charcoal 4
biiieiaaa 200 Park Avenue, South Steel filings 10
New York, N. Y. 10003 Ficure 66d A cardboard disk, somewhat smaller than the bottom of the cone,
f hell Effec i forced into the bott f the vol id ‘ed with
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG A Night Shell Effect ore into the om o voicano and secur wi
arth
. Bill Boatman & Co. B&B HEARING HELPER © Full-Circle TIE OUT STAKE
: Hunting dog stuff. Collars, pens, training devices, medicines, $ 5 9 5 than any other tie-out. tays firm, holds any
im =
and coonhunting paraphernalia, such as super flashlights. i: of for
an . rf lowers. Just drive moving. Smooth
en [Suggested by Charley Kroner] mat = ~—- 20” steel rod into the top stays flush
ground to ground for
to mowing aroun
Catalog mount. No twist. Green enamel finish.
free $2.29
tome Helps you hear your hounds *
sesesses Bainbridge, Ohio 45612 Bring the exciting sounds of the hunt in closer with the ae
aid of a B & B Hearing Helper. Acoustically engineered, A
it funnels and concentrates the distant baying and bark- “Se
ing of the pack right back to you. Designed by audio engi- y
neers to scientifically funnel all the distant sounds back a
ps. ts a through the stethoscope earpiece. For those of us whose ;
ad hearing “ain't what it used to be”, the B & B Hearing
BRL BOATMAN ECO. Helper can restore and renew the enjoyment of the hunt.
. ; ' ; Great for duck and deer hunters, too. Lightweight, only
do 3% ozs., yet made of sturdy high-impact plastic. Bright
Safety Red color makes it easy to find.
#711 Snap-on Nylon Shoulder Safety Sling $1.00
RABIES VACCINE
BOATMAN’S BEST ROUND COLLAR shot, sives your dos
The finest round collar made, it nesties up Rabies for a year. Boatman’s Rabies Vaccine is OF
into a dogs coat without causing a wild unkept manufactured and distributed under the oe ig: A
appearance on tong haired dogs. Features roller requirements of the U.S.D.A. Price includes as #521 Deluxe Training Kit
buckle and solid D-Ring. Its rolled and stitched current metal tags. Certificate to validate ee : ae
from genuine Doco tanned leather. Holds its round vaccination plus instructions. 3 Includes two tubes of Genuine Gome Bird
shape permanently. Inciudes Solid Grass # 336 3 dose Kit (Scc each! $2.49
Personal neck breed does each roiner's istle, Nylon
#435 only $2.75 ea. when Salar down size = ond Complete Booklet.
4 for $9.95 given. ‘ Specify pheasont, quail, duck or grouse. $10.95
*
Koehler Method of Dog Training Make sure that your command is really a command, not a request, Eventually your dog will find the food. !f you are watching at his
and that it is simultaneous with your first step. Again, he cannot moment of discovery, you'll see that his first sniff will be met with
_ ‘ learn to start on command if you stand there looking at him after a fat spark. He'll not be apt to try the second sniff, but keep some
What you train your dog to do and not do isup to you. HOW you've told him to heel. You're moving, so keep your mouth shut bait on the hot wire for at least two days. Then change the set-up to
to train him is this book’s entire concern. Koehler is over- and don’t look back. No second commands, no invitational tugs; another part of the yard. If possible, conceal the wire in heavy grass
: argumentative, but his method is well-regarded for effective- lock your leash hand to your body, keep your left hand off the . or cover it with dirt, allowing the tip to protrude to hold the tid-bit
ness. leash, and walk. Yakking, backward glances, and coaxing gestures free of the ground. This will make the food appear just as though
- would merely postpone the lesson that your dog must ultimately it were tossed over the fence.
[Suggested by Raul’s Pet Center] \earn—THAT HE MUST SOMETIMES DO THINGS THAT HE
DOESN’T WANT TO DO. So, if you love your dog, let him learn
ca from: this inescapable fact early and in the simplest way. Whether it
Koehler Method of Dog Training Howell Book House Inc. goes against your teddy bear instincts or not, it’s the truth.
W. R. Koehler 845 Third Avenue
1962; 108 pp. New York, N. Y. 10022
$4.95 postpaid or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG :
POISON PROOFING
The vile names that his deeds call forth are probably taken as a
compliment by the twisted mind of a dog poisoner. Convictions
seem altogether too few and the sentences for the crime too light.
The only source of satisfaction for a dog owner lies in poison
proofing his dog.
The materials you'll need are a low-priced battery-operated fence
charger, and enough light, insulated wire to run from where you
will conceal the unit to the different areas where you want to proof
your dog against eating food. Regardless of the spots where you
59. set the charger, the dog shouldn't see it or hear it and be warned
that something strange is taking place. Both the fence charger and : ,
suitable wire can be obtained at a hardware store for a price that is When your dog has had opportunity to develop resistance to food
ly small to one who feels the need to protect his dog. found in all areas where a sempre might toss it, you can ee
4 F - experience that will make him form an equal aversion to any j
ae offered by hand. You'll need an outsider to help you. Possibly you
cannot watch. Set the fence unit in a place of concealment, attach —_ exchange services with another dog lover who might want 4
the ground wire to a pipe.or a rod in the ground, and the live wire = cde
to the place designated. Run the other ond the charged wire to os hand, insulated from his skin
rk, bis by a rubber glove or a bit of cardboard, plastic or other non-
he oisone . Bare half an inch or so of the end of this wire. On . 3 - : ¢ :
All is in readiness: you've got the mental equipment to start pc bare end, stick a bit of meat, or other moist food that would conductive material. Change situations and strangers until you
training a dog and to deal with those who would confuse you; appeal to your dog. Starting an inch back from the food, bend a feel that in or out of the house, no one could coax your dog to
your dog is at least six months of age (the old bromide to “wait couple of angles in the wire so that the bare part and the food will eat anything he might offer.
debunked). So regardless of breed, ihere is no reason to delay Let the dog out into the yard.
till he’s a year old” [and the house has been destroyed] has been be held free of contact with the ground. Turn on the fence charger.
4
and
Ryn] | » #520: $5.95
be
t
/
Bik
|
7
aining.
:
Government Publications
This paperback is titled Over 2000 Free
Publications: which is sort of true, but
mainly gross boostering. Skip that. The
book is a good, recent, cheap compendium
of information easily available from the
Government—inexpensive sometimes
1968; 352 pp.
from:
practical sometimes trivial sometimes $1.05
precisely what you need for an important
task. As far as we’re concerned, this from:
$.95 book replaces the $12 book on
Government publications we used to
list.
[Suggested by Michael Rosenthal]
Surplus Defense Supply
Surplus stores are a handy source of general
purpose stuff. Even more economical is buying
the stuff straight from Uncle: The Defense
Surplus Sales Offices scattered hither and yon
through the U.S. and world. Whatever you
pay at the downtown surplus stores, you can
expect to pay considerably less buying where
they buy. Also you can bid on large fantasy
items: a mile of cable, a dump truck, a
landing craft, one lot assorted propellers, etc.
[Suggested by Alan Kalker]
Pamphlet
How to Buy Surplus Personal Property
$0.25 postpaid .
from:
GPO bookstores
Federal Domestic Assistance
The Catalog is a guide to Federal programs.
/t describes the purpose, eligibility require-
ments for an incredible variety of aids, along
with the ‘how-to-apply.’
! recommend it as a wishbook and as a tool.
For the surprise is that many of the aids
exactly fit the needs of the new communities
(loans for home industries, for example, pp
27-28) and are specifically open to non-profit
groups or low-income persons. Urban groups
will find similar luck, | think, in linking their
goals to an existing program.
The catalog has no cost. /t can be requested
from your Congressman/Senator or the Public
Information Office in the Office of Economic
Opportunity, HUD or HEW.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Richard R. Reed]
Cotstog of Federal Domestic Assistance
1969; 619 pp.
free from:
OEO Regional Offices
72 West 45 Street
New York, N. Y. 10036
(Conn., Me., Mass., N.H., N. J., N.Y.,
P.R., R.1., Vt., Virgin Islands)
Marsh Bidg.
1832 M Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20506
(Del., D.C., Ky.. Md., N.C., Pa.,
Va., W.Va.)
730 Peachtree Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30308
(Ala., Fla., Ga., Miss., S.C., Tenn.)
623 So. Wabash Ave.
Chicago, 60605
(iL, Ind., Mich., Minn., Ohio, Wisc.)
Lowich Bldg.
314 W, 11 Street
Austin, Tex, 78701
(Ark., La., N.M., Okla., Tex.)
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
(Colo., Idaho, lowa, Kan., Mo., Mont.,
Neb., N.D., S. D., Utah, Wyo.)
100 McAllister Street
San Francisco, CA 94102
(Alaska, American Samoa, Ariz., Calif.,
Guam, Hawaii, Nev., Ore., Wash., Trusts)
100
$.95 postpaid
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
postpaid
The New American Library
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 100
Over 2000 Free Publications
Frederic O'Hara
16.
27.
37.
21.
23.
25.
HOW TO BUY...
SURPLUS
PERSONAL
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
JUNE 1967
OEFENSE LOGISTICS SERVICES CENTER
FEDERAL CENTER
BATILE CREEK MICHIGAN 49016
ADDRESSES OF SALES OFFICES
DEFENSE SURPLUS SALES OFFICES
AND GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS SERVICED
Mailing Address Location
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 8019, 30th Building 652, U.S. Naval
Street P.O. Base
Philadelphia, Pa. Philadelphia, Pa.
19101
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 660 Building #115
Newport, R. I. 02840 Naval Base, Gate 51
Portsmouth, R. I.
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 13110 Building 27, Section 6
Columbus, Ohio Defense Construction
43213 Supply Center
Columbus, Ohio
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 6297 Corner Felix &
Fort Worth, Texas Hemphill Sts.
76115 Building 2
Fort Worth, Texas
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 644 Atlanta Army Depot
Forest Park, Ga. Building 906
30050 Forest Park, Ga.
Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 31261 Building 450
Jacksonville, Fla. U.S. Naval Air Station
32230 Jacksonville, Fla.
Defense Surplus Sales Office
Bldg. SDA-224, Naval Supply Center
South Annex Building SDA-224,
Hampton Roads South Annex
Branch Post Office Norfolk, Va.
Norfolk, Va. 23511
“ Government Printing Office
O'Hara (left) doesn’t begin to list all
of what's available from the GPO. If
you're really interested in a particular area,
you might as well get the free /ist of
publications in that area. Or you can get
the free biweekly list of “Selected U. S.
Government Publications.” Or, for totality,
for $6 , the “Monthly Catalog of U. S.
Government Publications.” All, all from
Carper Buckley,
Superintendent of Documents
U. S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D. C. 20402
41. Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 58 Building 2A
Defense Depot Defense Depot Ogden
Ogden Station Ogden, Utah
Ogden, Utah 84401
44, Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.C. Box 4000 Naval Supply Center
Bayshore Station Building 502
Oakland, Calif. Oakland, Calif.
94623
46. Defense Surplus Sales Office
937 N. Harbor Drive 937 N. Harbor Drive
San Diego, Calif. (Bldg. 1, 2nd Floor)
92132 San Diego, Calif.
49. Defense Surplus Sales Office
P.O. Box 15035 Building 7713
Tucson, Ariz. 85708 Davis-Monthan AFB,
Ariz.
OTHER SALES OFFICES
Alaska
(Anchorage)
Redistribution and Marketing Activity
Elmendorf Air Force Base
Anchorage, Alaska
APO Seattle 98742
(Kodiak)
Commanding Officer
U.S. Naval Station
FPO Seattle 98790
Bermuda
Redistribution and Marketing Activity
Kindley Air Force Base
St. George, Bermuda
APO New York 09856
Canada
Crown Assets Disposal Corporation (CADC)
219 Argyle Avenue
Ottawa 2, Ontario, Canada
(Argentia, Newfoundland)
Commanding Officer
U.S. Naval Station
FPO New York 09597
Sample prices in Oakland:
Solid picnic table: $5
Propane field kitchen: $30
Office arm chairs: $3
Secretary chair: $3
Wheel Chair, wood: $15
Wood desks: $10
Soft arm chair: $2
Plate glass 3 ft x 4 ft: $2
Step ladder: $2
Fatigue shirts: $0.45
Overcoats: $3
Wool pants: $2
Parachute harness: $2.50
TRACTOR SCOOP LOADER: 2% Yard, 1959, Hough
Mode! H-90-D, Chassis 27 AC-1381, Tire size 1600 x 24,
Cummins 6 cylinder diesel engine. Backhoe Model
WRH9O-R. USN 45-01137.
Outside Bidg.
127 — Used — Fair Condition —
Repairs Required.
Foam rubber mattress: $2.50
*
Ad
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Encyclopedia of U. S. Government Benefits
The Fed does not advertise his programs very much. To
find if you're eligible for some benefit or have access to
some service you practically have to study up. This volume
is the best source | know of. Often the staffers of some
half-forgotten program are pleased and touched when you
ask them for help——and they do help.
[Suggested by Craige Schensted]
There are no matching requirements in the air pollution
grant program.
Additional Information may be obtained from the Division of
Research Grants of the Public Health Service, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. 20014.
LAND-CAPABILITY MAPS. A detailed soil and land-capability
map of a farm or ranch is available from a local Soil Conservation
District—a service provided by the Soil Conservation Service.
See SOIL; SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICTS; SOIL
CONSERVATION SERVICE.
*
Understanding Foundations
It tells you some about how to raise money and a lot
about where to /ook.
[Suggested by Larry McCombs]
Understanding Foundations
J. Richard Taft
1967; 205 pp. \) ) project before going to the trouble of preparing a proposal.
$2.95 postpaid Wy
ss Don’t hem and haw on money. State figures and try to stick with
= them. If you need staff, you will need to pay them. How much?
= > 4 If you need office space and equipment, check out all costs before
from: - Ad . going to the foundation. If materials, transportation, or other items
McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Perhaps the greatest, most time-consuming, and least productive
activity among fund raisers today is random foundation door-
knocking. Amateurs, especially, are guilty of this. But professionals,
who should know better, are offenders too. tainly do not expect an early grant. Foundations generally hav ss : eae ;
meetings at which these 33 For an ASCS photograph of a locality east of the Mississippi, write:
which have passed the scrutiny of the executive director, the pro- HH Eastern Laboratory, Aerial Photography Division, ASCS—USDA,
Everyone who has ever applied or is about to apply to a foundation gram administrator, or the person concerned with applications, are s: 45 South French Broad Avenue, Asheville, N.C. 28801.
for a grant wonders whether there is some magic formula for a considered. It is infrequent that an applicant will receive funds in $3 For an ASCS photograph west of the Mississippi, write: Western
successful application. If there is one, it is simplicity. less than six months’ time after his application. ss Laboratory, Aerial Photography Division, ASCS—USDA, 2505
3 Size Scale Price
10" x 10” 1 in. = 1667 ft. $1.00
The Foundation Directory Many foundations have accepted the doctrine that their limited HH 14” x 14" 1 in. = 1320 ft. $2.30
funds should be used chiefly as the venture capital of philanthropy, rH 18” x 18” 1 in. = 1000 ft. $2.50
- a to be spent in enterprises requiring risk and foresight, not likely 26" x 26" 1in.= 660ft. $3.00
The reference book of foundations. Gives addresses, to be supported by government or private individuals. !n their 40" x 40” 1in.= 400 ft. $7.00
finances, officers, purposes and activities. Foundations
are listed by state, which is intelligent, since grants are
usually given locally.
The Foundation Directory
The desks of foundation officials around the country are piled high
FREE PORTS. The Foreign Trade Zones Board publishes a booklet,
available for 30 cents, Laws, Regulations and Other Information
Relating to Foreign Trade Zones in the United States, which
describes ‘free ports’ all over the trading world. The idea of the
free port is that goods deposited or manufactured in the free-port
area are technically not considered to have entered the United
States and therefore are not subject to import duty until they
actually cross into the U. S. proper.
BUSINESS LOANS. The business loan program of the Small
Business Administration (SBA) is designed to provide needed
financing to creditworthy smal! businesses when loans are not
available to them on reasonable terms from private lending
sources.
The primary purpose of this financial assistance is to provide small
firms with funds to purchase equipment and materials, to expand
and modernize operations, or to use as working capital.
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. The Department of Agriculture supplies
aerial photographs for every region of the United States and its
territories. Ownership of the Department's photographs is dis-
tributed among three of its agencies: the Agricultural Stabilization
and Conservation Service (ASCS), the Forest Service, and the Soil
Conservation Service. ...
from:
Wm. H. Wise & Co., Inc.
336 Mountain Road
Union City, N. J. 07087
$1 0.4 0postpaid
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
with applications characterized by verbosity, pomposity, and
vagueness. Make your application short, simple, and clear, and it
will stand out.
Most foundations have no standard form which applicants fill out.
A good approach is a simple letter of one or two pages (even the
most complex subjects can be boiled down to this length) or a
short proposal accompanied by a covering letter of introduction.
Sometimes it is worth calling a foundation first to discuss your
are involved, include them. If it is a one-time grant, say so. If not,
make it a two-year, or three-year, or more, request. Foundation
officials are money handlers and, as such, are most concerned with
sound fiscal management. They cite poor financial administration
as a key factor in grants rejection.
Every applicant wonders whether or not he should include endorse
ments in his proposal. By all means, if there are reputable people
in the field who are familiar with your work, the organization, and
its programs, endorsements are valuable. Foundations have a high
regard for expertise. The backing of respected people puts a useful
stamp of approval on any project.
After making your proposal or writing your letter, don’t expect
quick response. Most foundations are extremely busy and take a
good deal of time before responding to letters or applications. Cer-
ss Parley’s Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84109.
fields of special interest they prefer to aid research, designed to
push forward the frontiers of knowledge, or pilot demonstrations,
resulting in improved procedures apt to be widely copied.
Support for current programs, if it comes at all from foundations,
must usually be sought from the smaller organizations, and
especially those located in the area of the agency, well acquainted
Discounts are available for quantity orders.
Marianna O. Lewis, Ed. with its personnel and its needs. Most small foundations, and some
1967; 1198 pp. larger ones, restrict their grants to the local community, or state. HH
$12 ; Immense variety exists; the interests and limitations of each foun- : On Free Money
00 postpaid dation need to be examined before it is approached. 5:
Russell Sage Foundati out the field of interest of the foundation, or has made a genera $3 ; taal’ S : ,
230 wh titi — mailing, the cost of even a formal declination is scarcely warranted; HH grants is one of the most cynical in the Americen fete ite 24
New York, N. Y. 10017 wastebaskets are available in any required size. FH Generally when you approach a foundation they are trienaly
e 8: and half-receptive. They consider your project promising if
3: /ittle naive, and they’d like you to write up a proposal on
iubigiated #3 it. You spend a month learning how to write proposals and
San Francisco Foundation, The $3 a month writing this one. They keep it six months. Your
351 California Street Hy
San Francisco, California 94104 33 idea has died of dry rot. Then they request that you re-write
$3 the proposal to accommodate (whatever) and it might go
ee ee ee ier 1968 in California by #3 through next time the board meets. Do this three times,
ae ee s: and you have died of dry rot.
Purpose and Activities: Grants principally for welfare and welfare ss ae
planning, hospitals, education, health and mental health, culture :: Most actual grants | know of were initiated by the donors,
and the arts, and conservation in the San Francisco area unless :; not the donees. The most effective way to get grant money
otherwise specified by donors. Report published annually. HH is to be Highly Visible.
Financial Data (year ended 30 June 1965): Active capital, $6,736,824 ss a ‘ 2
(L); gifts received, $686,287; expenditures, $681,325, including :: / don’t know why foundation and government money is so
$639,793 in grants. :: often toxic to projects. Maybe because the process becomes
Officer: John R. May, Executive Director and Secretary. s: so easily dishonest. Do me no favors, and III tell you no
Distribution Committee: S. Clark Beise, Chairman; Daniel E. $s lies. Or is “a the belief that there’s such a thing as a free
Koshland, William H. Orrick, Jr., Vice Chairmen; William R. 3: /unch that is the root lie?
Hewlett, Treasurer; Christian de Guigne, Mrs. Alfred McLaughlin, HH
Emmett G. Solomon.
ee
Trustees: Bank of America, The Bank of California, Common- HH
wealth National Bank of San Francisco, Crocker-Citizens National s
Bank, First Western Bank and Trust Company, Golden Gate ss
National Bank, The Hibernia Bank, Pacific National Bank of San rH
Francisco, United California Bank, Wells Fargo Bank. ss.
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One of the surest ways to tell an ex watk _ When crowds assemble in Trafalgar N
Nomadics Or of the surers lan experienced walker from beginner. Yen cows And the Lord sid unto
away in the morning as if he meant to break every record in sight. announcement thet, the government thou? Then Satan
The Complete Walk By contrast, your experienced man seems to amble. But before long, has decided to have them killed, they answered the Lord, and ;
Pp er and certainly by evening, their positions have reversed. The beginner would not do so if they had ail said, From going to and t
is dragging. The expert, still swinging along at the same easy pace, is -—-«- ““@/Ked 25 miles that day. fro in the earth, and n
Some of them old boys are into making houses out of je iad the one who looks as though he has records in mind. One friend Bertrand Russell from walking up and p
chicken wire and condoms. Some of them can gather you a yeursaanaeeiee’ says, ‘If you can’t carry on a conversation, Nobel Prize Acceptence Speech down in it. po ;
salad right off the forest floor. Some can make you a Bl,7 t
computer out of old Stromberg-Carlson radio parts and have ' f
enough wire and tubes left over for two laser death rays and t
a UFO. But Colin is into walking. His two previous books t
are mainly about walks: In THE THOUSAND MILE 9
SUMMER he tells about one he took up the entire Sierra
range, and in TH E MAN WHO WALKED THRU TIME, he
walks the whole Grand Canyon. This one is about walking,
not walks, /t’s not full of lore and woodsiness. /t doesn’t
tell you how to get back to nature, or cast civilization from
your back and wander out with a bowie knife and a jock- The
strap. It gives a little walk philosophy, and then proceeds to
discuss, in just the right detail, how to put a nice little well- ompie: ,
equipped house and its fittings on your back, how to be able :
to go out and walk for a long time without having to come
back for more stuff. The joys and techniques
of hiking and backpackin
Besides just the stuff, what to take and what to leave behind, by ge y ! . :
it also takes you on a trip through Colin Fletcher, which is '
quite an outing all by itself. /t’s hard to imagine a book on f
backpacking technique that will make you laugh out loud all ‘
the way through, but he does it. He really loves poking fun |
at himself. He gets completely hung up describing some
gadget or technique which he then admits he’s never tried.
He'll spend a whole page defending what seemed at first an
impossibly fussy personal idiosyncracy, and at the end you'll
be dying to go out and try it for yourself. He actually has a
sizable section on how to urinate and defecate in the out- a this point, “yoy mand from se Hy henge You oot the heat to dead-low or thereabouts N
loors, and it’s a fine des scription. He includes a very complete ! ing care not to turn the stove off in tk @ process), stir @ Compound a couple of times, inhale c
rie r P . Padi appreciatively and replace the cover. While dinner simmers toward fruition you empty two t
appendix on supplier. $,@ list of walking organizations, and ounces of dehydrated peaches and a little water into the small cooking pot and put it ready for f
even a series of inspiring quotations to read while walking or breakfast, up alongside the pack. Then you jot down a few thoughts in your notebook, stir the n
thinking about walking. ‘ stew and sample it, find the beans are not quite soft yet. So you study the map and worry a bit t
about the morning's route, put map and pen and pencil and eyeglasses and thermometer into the e
Most important, though, its the only backpacking book Ive pa pol ge take off ve“ mye y and ag halfway down into the mummy bag out of the wind,
. ‘ and stir the stew again a ind all ready. You pour-and-spoon out a cupful, leaving the balance
ever seen which, if read carefully, will actually tell you how The Complete Walker on the stove because the wind is blowing distinctly cool now. And then, leaning convlortabiy Ir
to do it in great enough detail to enable you to just go out Colin Fletcher back against the pack and watching the sky and the black peaks meld, you eat, cupful by cupful, h
and do it. It’s also the only one that will really make you 1969; 353 pp. your dinner. You finish it—just. Then you spoon-scrape out every last possible fragment and 5
want to go out and walk for absolutely no ulterior motive. polish-clean the pot and cup and spoon with a piece of toilet paper. You put the paper under "
$8.18 postpaid perl se we — that vei can burn it in the morning. Then you put cup and spoon into the break-
Be sure to di 45-52, 123-132, 182-186, 213- r . Knopf, Inc. ast-readied small pot, pour the morning tea water into the big pot, set the big pot alongside the
whole Furn rt Appliances secti aregiomny = npr tan 33 West 60th Street small one and the sugar and milk containers alongside them both, put the current day’s ration i
tions. ~ 4 — New York, N. Y. 10023 bag into the pack (where it is moderately safe from mice and their. night allies) and. ++ ;
or $7.95 postpaid : Office-on-the-yoke c
The only adverse comment | would make is that his food from WHOLE EARTH CATALO Because I so often walk without a shirt and therefore without a
a fi ket, I have had a five- ix-inch ket sewn the
p pend senpeku. But he siso the old There is a cardinal rule of travel, all too often Into
proverb about hell being a place where the politicians are overlooked, that | call the Law of Inverse it go notebook and map, and sunglasses when not in use. Pen, pen- i
French, the police German, and the cooks English. Appreciation. cil, camel-hair lens brush (page 233). and metal-cased hor pomp e
. , It states: “The less there is between you and (page 259) clip onto the front of it. I cannot imagine how I ever gor a
[Reviewed by Roland Jacopetti] the environment, the more you appreciate along a such a pocket “0 is made of ordinary blue-jean v
First remove any obvious and rectifiable local irritant, such as a that environment.” on page
fragrtient of stone or a rucked sock, Then cover the tender place. ; -
Cover it even if you can see nothing more than a faint redness. SScscsssscssscsecsccesscccsesesccescsssccessccssscesssscccssccsessesssscessscseessssscsesssss Ki
Cover it, in fact, if you can see nothing at all. Being a ‘hero’ is ss ;
being a bloody fool. The covering may only be needed forafew = 33 =~ Men working hard in the open, and exposed to the vicissitudes of
weather), and sweets. This may not agree with theories of dieticians,
find yourself inside the hour 3 but it is the experience of millions of campaigners who know what
work y A — be for — i In Alaska, all animals leave for the snow-line as soon as the mosquito
ing soft lives, and for an occasional freak outdoorsman, but try it but the fol them to the mountain tops
Campi on an army in the field, or on a crew of iumberjacks, and you will pest appeers, bi enemy follows them even n wt
mping and Woodcraft face stark mutiny above timber-line. Deer and Moose are killed by mosquitoes, which
e settle upon them in ouch swarms the beasts
‘ succumb from literally having the blood su out of their ies.
How could anything written in 1916 still be so useful? One, Rabbits are unfit to eat in late summer, as their backs are then infested 5.7 are driven frantic, are totally blinded, mire in the mud, and
it is a masterwork. Two, in Kephart’s day when you went starve to death. Animals that survive have their flesh discolored all
camping you really di: ‘ i A Green Corn.— If you happen to camp near a farm in the ‘’Roasting- through, and even their marrow is reduced to the consistency o
th n valid ear” season, you are in great luck. The quickest way to roast an ear blood and water. The men who penetrate such regions are not the
rs a 9 IS, : rvives on its wea of corn is to cut off the butt of the ear closely, so that the pith of kind that would allow toil or privation to break their spirit, but they ,
of specific practical lore. Game: find the information that the cob is exposed, ream it out a little, impale the cob lengthwise on the become so unstrung from days and nights of continuous torment
_ is outdated, sort it from the information that is correct and the end of a long hardwood stick, end turn over the coals. inflicted by enemies insignificant in size but infinite in number, that "
available nowhere else. Skilligalee.— The best thing in @ fixed camp is the stock-pot. A large part
iF covered pot or enameled pail is reserved for this and nothing else. 2, . r
Into it go all the fag-ends of game — heads, tails, wings, feet, giblets, ANN he,
Horace @ large bones — also the left-overs of fish, flesh and fowl, of any and all iy, wee
sots of vegtables, rice, or other cereals, macaroni, stale bread, every- Mt 44 yy
thing edible except fat. This pot is always kept hot. Its flavors are U4 {
forever changing, but ever welcome. It is always ready, day or night, Pee “lt
for the hungry varlet who missed connections or who wants a bite ” K ’
between meals. No cook who values his peace of mind will fail to
have a skilly simmering at all hours.
e
A woodsman, on the contrary, walks with a rolling motion, his hips
swaying an inch or more to the stepping side, and his pace is corres-
pondingly long. This hip action may be noticed to an exaggerated :
degree in the stride of a professional pedestrian; but the latter walks
with a heel-and-toe step, whereas an I ndian’s or sailor's step is more
_ Nearly flat-footed. In the latter case the center of gravity is covered
by the whole foot. The poise is as secure as that of a rope-walker.
it is not nearly so much the ‘‘make”’ of rifle as the load it takes that
determines the gun's shooting qualities. So, choose first a cartridge,
then a gun to handle it.
Benptnc Woop.—Small pieces of green wood can
Camping and Woodcraft be bent to a required form by merely soaking the
Horace Kephart
1917, 1921, 1967; 479 pp.
from:
$6.95 postpaid The Macmillan Company
Front and Brown Streets
a Riverside, Burlington County Fig. 68.—A Masked Camp
New Jersey 08075 Trees and Lightning. — | have never seen, nor heard of, a beech tree
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG . that had been struck by lightning, although beeches are plentiful on
Fig. 54.—Spcnish Windlass (for bending wood) mountains where stricken trees of other species
can be no’ y the score.
i: _ » pieces for two or three days in water, but if it is One glance at a camper’s fire tells what kind of a woodsman he is.
J: i j desired that they should retain their new shape, they ye — te to prepare a good meal over a heap of a
Fig. 185—Splicing thongs should be steamed. = $,a Or a great bed of coals that will warp iron
Shale
uito
tops
ch
pasts
es.
|
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a6
Mountaineering: The Freedom of the Hills
By far the most complete and sensitive treatment of moun-
taineering available. Oriented around Pacific Northwest
mountaineering, where trails often end miles before the
peaks begin, it is particularly relevant to wilderness
camping and travel. It is much more than a book on how
to climb. Reflects several generations of respectful
relationship with mountains. If you move (or sit) where
there are trees, rocks, snow, and brush, it speaks to your
terrain. One limitation: little about dry, arid areas—
glaciers are the local functional equivalent of deserts.
[Reviewed by Michael Templeton.
Suggested by everybody.]
Mountaineering:
The Freedom of the Hills
ed. Harvey Manning
1960, 1967; 485 pp.
$7.50 postpaid
from:
The Mountaineers
P.O. Box 122
Seatile, Wash. 98111
or WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG
Mattresses often give a chill sleep on snow due to interior convection
currents, and with age they develop leaks that let the sleeper down in
the middle of the night. Convection can be reduced by inserting a
few ounces of down; in this case a filter is needed on the inlet and the
mattress must not be blown up by mouth because of the moisture
thus introduced. Sheets of foam plastic are superior in every respect
except their incompressibility and consequent bulkiness.
In recent years many a mountaineer has developed the habit or
hobby of not only making his own passage invisible but of
spending extra effort to obliterate evidence of his predecessors—
most of whom were just ignorant and thoughtless.
If a skirmish with brush must be accepted there is no technique at
all. Brushfighting is not a diversion for civilized, gentle folk. One
cannot afford charity toward slide alder or devil's club; one must hate
and punish and kill when possible.
The irregularity of a mountain range tends to break up a front,
especially the narrow turbulence zone of acold one. Instead of
advancing in a solid line it may surge forward up a deep valley
while held stationary by a high massif, this bulge perhaps being
attacked by flanking air—--little squalls breaking off and wandering
about apparently at random. A party on one peak may experience
lightning, hail, driving snow, pouring rain, and calm sunshine all
within the space of an hour. On a nearby peak another party may
spend the entire day undisturbed by so much as a drop of rain,
using up all their camera film shooting the superb cloud structures.
*
The Sierra Club Wilderness Handbook
Practical information distilled through years and years of
Sierra Club outings. Covers a wider range (women, burros,
rivers...) than Colin Fletcher.
THE
SIERRA
Crim
VUILDER NESS
The Sierra Club Wilderness Handbook
David Brower, ed.
1951, 1968; 317 pp.
$.95 postpaid
from:
Ballantine Books
101 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Manual of Ski Mountaineering
/f you want the wilderness to yourself, go where it’s
high when it’s cold. This book is a fine compendium
of the technical knowledge you will need to make it.
Manual of Ski Mountaineering
David Brower, ed.
1962, 1969; 232 pp.
$4.75 postpaid
from:
Sierra Club
Mills Tower
San Francisco, CA 90013
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
COOKING AND EATING UTENSILS
The least-expensive cooking utensils are tin cans in various sizes,
junked (at home, not in the mountains) when rusty. Aluminum
utensils cost a little more but are more durable. Bails are desirable
for suspending pots over the fire, and lids to keep ashes out and
steam in. Aluminum foil is versatile beyond description, under
adept manipulation becoming a frying pan, oven for baking foods
in a bed of coals, reflector oven for biscuits, and if need be even
a cup or a pot.
With a poly bottle, or a canteen of anodized aluminum, a climber
can enjoy fruit juices untained by the toxic metal salts generated
in containers of steel or untreated aluminum.
BREAKFAST
If the climb begins in the middle of the night, breakfast is merely the
first installment of lunch. A tiny can of fruit cocktail, or a doughnut
and a swallow of milk, are typical menus. Some climbers are convinced
their legs won’t work without hot food; their neurosis can be quickly
pampered with instant cereal or cocoa cooked by chemical fire.
LUNCH
As soon as break fast is completed the climber commences lunch,
which he continues to eat as long as he is awake, stopping briefly
for supper. He has food in his rucksack and knick-knacks in his
pockets, main courses for the summit lunch, nibbles for rest-stops,
and sweets to suck while walking.
Fortunately the sources of streams in our wilderness areas are
usually uncontaminated, and one need not sterilize the drinking
and cooking water. However, if one is traveling in a semipopulated
area or in a foreign country, it is safer to take the precaution of
using Halazone tablets in the drinking water and of boiling the
cooking water. One Halazone tablet is dissolved in one quart of
water and allowed to stand thirty minutes. The iodine tablet
““Bursoline’”’ is considered superior to Halazone; one in one quart
of water renders it potable in fifteen m —_-O f
Under the heading of “strictly feminin ut.
advice regarding your menstrual period. Whatever your individual
peculiarities may be ordinarily, they may be quite different on a
mountain hiking trip. You may be thrown off schedule and you
may need lots more or lots fewer sanitary napkins than usual.
Tampons worn internally may be more comfortable for hiking and
will prevent the chafing that may be your lot with externally worn
napkins (but for your first trip by all means have a supply of the
kind you are used to). And don’t forget, there are no rest rooms
with vending machines where you are going.
It is best to allow the snow to melt in the mouth before swallowing
A fruit drop or piece of fruit candy adds both flavor and sugar and
dissolving it in the mouth with snow while traveling is a popular
habit among experienced ski tourers.
Two-step.—One of the most useful maneuvers for attainment of speed
on the level or on slight downhill gradients is the two-step, which
uses the gliding ability of skis. If the two-step is to be used for long,
it must be deliberate and rhythmic, slow enough to let the skier relax
during the glide between thrusts.
Take a short step for propulsion, lean well forward from the waist,
placing the poles well ahead, and lunge into a glide on the opposite
ski by shifting the propelling thrust smoothly from the driving ski
to a strong followthrough with the poles. Slowly bring the driving
ski alongside the gliding ski in preparation for the next short step.
Belayer (when ready with belay):
Climber: “Climbing.” YES
Climber (when rope is too loose):
Climber (when safe):
Belayer (responding):
Both (when needed): “ROCK!”
Climber (if it happens): “FALLING!”
“Belay on.” «
“Up rope.”
(when more rope is needed): “Slack.”
(for a taut rope to hold his weight): “Tension.” =P
“Off belay.”
“Belay off.”
Body position and location for relative safety from
electrical ground currents. (Arrows indicate probable
paths of flow.)
The quest of the mountaineer, in simplest terms, is for the freedom
of the hills, to be fully at home in the high wilderness with no
barriers he cannot pass, no dangers he cannot avoid.
In addition to standard equipment, it will be wise with preschool-
age children to take along some portion of the home environment
whose value is purely emotional, even at the expense of inconvenience
and irreparable damage to the articles; these might be, for example,
teddy bears, toys, books, familiar clothes, or eating utensils.
es can carry a pay load of 200 pounds
hundred and seventy-five pounds
considered a imum load on One's first trip. The
pack train can be counted on for 15 miles a day on good trails if
it keeps pushing. These animals walk at a good clip and, unless
their handlers are fast hikers, all personnel should be mounted.
This becomes more important as the size of the party increases.
|Mules are led singly by pedestrians or are tied in groups of not
more than five animals and are then led by a man on horseback.
This is the ‘string’ of the professional packer.
Occasionally two consecutive short steps are taken to change the
glide from one ski to another. (this constitutes the three-step), and
to tire out a new set of muscles.
Lightning and the mountain.—The urge to know more concerning
the effects of lightning becomes stronger when one is on a peak
with the static charge beginning to make its power felt. When
every projection in the vicinity, and finally the climber himself,
begins to spark and the air is filled with ominous hissing, the
desire to be in camp becomes overwhelming. Since this desire
cannot always be satisfied, it is well to know what to do at this
time.
The reasons behind the classical warning to be off the summit
and ridges in a lightning storm can be seen when the mechanics
of the lightning discharge are studied.
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Ocaté Sleeping Bag
The ideal poor man’s sleeping Wag. Since it’s made of
polyurethane foam you've little need for a pad or air
mattress; if you get rained on you stay warm——like in
a wet suit. The material breathes okay, and by adjusting
the hood and body tapes you can be comfortable from
room temperature to O°F. The six-foot bag weighs 4%
/bs. The 7 ft bag can accommodate one big cop or two
friendly skinny hippies. Rolling the bag tight is difficult
but possible. We're enthusiastic about the Ocaté bag.
[Suggested by mysterious stranger from New Mexico]
Ocaté Sleeping Bag
6 ft. $37.00 postpaid in U.S. ($35.00 in Truck Store) blue or gold
7 ft. $40.35 postpaid in U.S. ($38.00 in Truck Store) blue or gold
from:
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
4 ft. & 5 ft. models also available; takes longer.
They may be obtainable straight trom Ucaté:
Ocaté Corporation
P. O. Box 2368
Santa Fe, NM 87501
You can get Ocaté at Abercrombie & Fitch, but it costs more.
Frostline Outdoor Equipment
Frostline Outdoor Equipment is the manufacturer of do-it-
yourself kits of lightweight camping equipment: tents, down
sleeping bags and clothing. They also sell the raw materials
for making such equipment (pre-packaged down; zippers;
nylon fabrics; velcro self-sticking nylon tape fastener;
Dacron thread; etc. The company’s service by mail has
proven prompt and dependable, all of this reviewer’s orders
having been filled correctly.
This reviewer has made Frostline’s “Big Horn” (“Winter”)
sleeping bag (2% lb. down filled overlapping tube design
with no stitched through seams), stuff sack and poncho.
She found each kit to be all that the manufacturer had
claimed, the catalog description scrupulously accurate. -
Frostline kits are complete; all they require is assembly
with a sewing machine. This reviewer used a Singer
Featherweight for the purpose.
Before deciding on the Frostline kits, this reviewer compared
Frostline prices and specifications with those of other
companies. (The Ski Hut, Recreational Equipment inc.,
Thomas Black and Sons Inc., etc.) She concluded that the
Frostline kits were the most economical product without
any compromise in quality.
[Reviewed by Roberta Becker Marshall.
Suggested by many]
Catalog
free
from:
Frostiine Outdoor Equipment
P. O. Box 1378
Boulder, Colorado 80302
Sample prices:
2-man Rain Tent: $49.95
“Chamois” down sleeping bag: $45.95
“Tundra” down jacket: $24.50
Poncho: $7.95
1 0 1 Velcro: 30¢ per foot
Light Weight Camping Equipment and How to Make It
It’s all here: design, patterns, assembly techniques, light weight materials, and sources of the
materials. Because of good information on what's needed for various environments, it’s a
useful book even if you aren’t making your own stuff. An indispensable book if you are.
[Suggested by Roland Jacopetti]
Light Weight Camping Equipment
Gerry Cunningham, Margaret Hansson
1959; 130 pp.
$2.00 postpaid
from:
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
558 Santa Cruz Avenue
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Parka
small parts
33
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cut one full length 26s” cut one
Full length '
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L. L. Bean
The Bean catalog is the model for the WHOLE EARTH CATALOG. Mr.
Bean had a directness and integrity that shows through his catalog, his
products, his service. The catalog has excellent items, especially out-
door clothing. An uncommonly pleasant company to do business with.
Catalog
free
from:
L. L. Bean, Inc.
Freeport, Me. 04032
“Ruff-Out” Leather Jacket
Made in England trom de-grained steerhide. Strong, supple and
specially tanned to a soft ‘‘velvet’’ finish.
Handsome Western styling. Waist length with sturdy snap front
and side adjustments. Two flapped chest pockets. Note: Cut on trimly
fitting patterns. Order one size larger than normal for more comfortable
fit. Color, Golden Brown.
Men's sizes 38 to 46. Price, $38.50 postpaid.
Ridge Grill
Grills meat without use of charcoal. As easy to use as a frying pan
High ridges sear steaks, chops, burgers and bacon. Deep grooves catch the
.fat. Meat never lies in grease. Excellent for bacon, less shrinkage and curling.
Made from solid aluminum with heatproof handle. Easily cleaned. Size 10” x
10”. Weight | lb. 15 oz. Price, $5.95 postpaid.
Fenwick Spin-Fly Outfit
A versatile, balanced outfit for the
“pack in” or traveling fisherman. Packs
to 23%”.
The No. SF74-4 Rod is made with
the same ferruleless slip-jcint construc-
tion and quality as the Fenwick rods
described above. One-piece action in a
four section rod. Cork grip handle has
ring keepers for spinning reel and fly
reel seat as shown. Handles lures from ¥% oz. to % oz. and WF-7 fly line with ease.
Length 7 ft. Weight 3% oz.
Price, No. SF74-4 Rod in cloth bag and aluminum case, $34.75 postpaid.
The Reels are the No. 1494 Medalist Fly Reel shown on page 58, price $11.35 postpaid; and the No.
100 Spinning Reel shown on page 45, price $17.50 postpaid.
The Limes are our Floating Weight Forward * ‘Double L” Fly Line, size WF-7-F shown on page 62, price
$8.10; and 200 yds. of our 6 lb. test “Double L”’ Spinning Line shown on page 47, price $2.30 postpaid.
Price, Complete Outfit: Rod, Reels and Lines described above, $67.00 postpaid.
Ed
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Recreational Equipment, Inc.
the “The Co-op” as it’s called, probably offers the widest selection
of camping and climbing gear available in the U. S. They carry —
many outstanding lines of gear; sometimes confusingly too
many (their catalog shows 21 different ice axes!) | fully
recommend the French Millet rucksacks (especially the
ones with tough canvas sacks and leather bottoms) and
their own line of Cruiser packs .
some of their “special imports” (from Japan) are cheap in
. . both good values.
quality besides price. For instance rubber water-proof
coating peeled off scree gaters after 2-3 uses but they
dividend each year.
[Reviewed by Drew Langsner.
Suggested by Roland Jacopetti.]
Catalog and Membership ,
\
from:
Recreational Equipment, Inc.
1525 11th Avenue
Seattle, Wash. 98122
J305B23
J305B25
[J]
Sierra Designs
Eddie Bauer
NAVY FROGMAN MITTS
Millions of tiny air cells, per-
manently trapped in foam rub-
T, retain moist heat and keep
your hands warm, even when
wet or in sub-zero weather.
with soft, stretchy Nylon jersey.
Sats: 'S(7), M(B), XL
took them back for full credit two years later.
Membership is $1 and you get approximately a 10%
(B] Primus 8R. This compact stove folds
[J] Staniey Thermos Bottle. The unbreak-
able all-steel thermos with the five-year
guarantee. Stainless steel lining, an insulat-
ed cup cap and leakproof stopper, plus a
rugged outer case makes this a bottle that
will take punishment and |ast a lifetime.
Vacuum seal keeps food colder, hotter,
longer. Grey enamel case.
1 Pint size, 2 Ibs. 0.00.0... 13.25
J305B24 1 Quart size, 2% Ibs. .......... 14.95
2 Quart size, 4 Ibs. .............. 17.50
They are very, very nice people, and | truly believe they make the best available
sleeping bags. Design, workmanship, materials, aesthetic beauty, all tops. Prices
are high, but not that much higher than everyone else. If you‘re looking for the
best, they’ve got it.
[Reviewed by Roland Jacopetti.
Suggested by Sandra Tcherepnin]
miusehannages Each side of bag has it 66
Construction: Stant wall. 6” tube width. Loft: 6+
Weight: 6% Ibs. Estimated Min. Temp: 10
Filling: Prime Silver Gray goosedown Girth Shoulders: 99”
3 Ibs. 6 oz Girth Hips: 90”
Stuffed Size: 11x21” Guth Foot: 57” COLORS: Deep Blue or Forest Green
Highly-regarded for their down products——parkas,
sleeping bags, etc. Very affluent catalog. They
developed a flotation wet-suit that | like a lot.
Catalog
free
from:
Eddie Bauer
Expedition Outfitter
1737 Airport Way South
Seattle, Washington 98134
Men’s Long Coverall AMPHIBIOUS} Sports Suits.
Colors: Red, Noy Orange. Sizes: S(34-
(42-44
), XL(46).
36), M(38-40),
No. 2280
ppd. $99.50 @*
Women’s Long Coverall AMPHIBIOUS} Sports Suits.
Colors: Orange, Powder Blue
Sizes: XS(7-9),
L( 18-20).
No. 2281
» Red, Pink.
$(10-12), M(14-16),
ppd. $95.00 @*
4th and Addison Streets
Berkeley, CA 94710
DOUBLE MUMMY
Matchless sleeping comfort tor two Double Mummy is lighter cheaper and more
efficient than any combination of zipped together singles Its 6's Ibs ts a tolerable
pack-weight: packed size of 11”x21” allows the Double to be carried on almost any
Rood pack frame. and your partner 1s treed of the largest single part af her pack
lon ripper. and separate draw closure hoods
allow individual ventilation contro! Double Mummy comes in a single length — for
persons to 63" It's not designed for single use. but quite a few heavyweights buy it
for that: it provides luxurious space for really hefty people STUFF SACK INCLUDED
away in the integral box, pops out for easy [Cc]
use. Self cleaning device built-in. Burns
white gas. Folds to 5” x 5” x 3”. No pumping
necessary. Weight 1% Ibs.
[C] Primus 96. A completely collapsible
stove which burns kerosene. Folds into a
metal box 5%”x5%z"x3%". The stove
stands 642” high and includes an air_pump,
windshield, primer can, wrench and clean-
ing pins, 2 Ibs.
12.75
[N] Nylon Auto-Camiping Shovel. French
made nylon shovel molded over a steel han-
die and blade, with hammer and pick on
handle end.
[C] French Candle Lantern. Made of alu-
minum with a glass chimney, it
to 2”x4¥%2” long and includes a chain for
hanging. Uses the excel candies by cutting
about %” off the bottom. Spring mecha-
nism keeps the candle burning at a uniform
height. Weight 4% oz.
[A] Cloth
Poly-Urethane Nylon yes 55” 4¥2 02. blue, yellow, N626A1 2.00
intl. orange,
Scotch mist
Nylon Pack Cloth no 40” 7.5 oz. red, sage green N643A11 2.25
Nylon Pack Cloth red, sage green N643A12 3.25
Reevair Cloth (Nylon) yes 45” 4.5 oz. blue, orange N605A13 2.50
Pima Nylon Cloth: no 37” 6.5 oz. biue, yellow, N626A3 2.25
50% cotton/50% nylon red, green
Oxford Clotn Cotton no N626A4 1.50
N626A7 75
N626A6 1.00
N626A5 1.95
Nylon Mosquito Netting no
Nylon Mosquito Netting no
Rip-Stop Nylon no
*Weight per running yard.
folds
Charter Flights for Co-op Members
Fly via Canadian Pacific Airlines from Vancouver, B.C. to Japan or Europe and return. While
... 3.50 abroad travel on your own via private automobile or train. Other trips are now being planned;
before you travel, check for new domestic and international charters by airline or bus.
Charter flights i only to Fi | Equip Inc. bers of six months or more.
Japan Vancouver-Tokyo Tokyo-Vancouver 22 days May 30-June 21 $339
Europe No. 1 V: A d: A Vi, 30 days June 7-July 6 $249
Europe No. 2 V: a dam London 58 days June 8-Aug. 4 $279
Europe No. 2A As shown in Charter Flight Brochure has been Sold Out.
Europe No. 3 V; A A Vi 45 days July 12-Aug. 25 $2869.
Europe No. 4 V: A d A 29 days Aug. 31-Sept. 28 $249
For Reservations Contact:
C.R. BROWN, P.O. Box 15272 Station, Seattle, Washington 98115
Phone—Days: EM 2. ~ Evenings: LA 2-0314
Ski Hut
What to say about Ski Hut? They’re still a good wide-range
West Coast supplier of outdoor equipment. Our relationship
with them is muddied because they pressured one of their
employees to stop writing about other outdoor suppliers in
the Whole Earth Catalog because it was “unbusinesslike.“”
He quit, and our review became ambivalent, and the staff
felt muzzled. That’s good business?
Ski Hut Catalog from:
The Ski Hut
free 1615 University Avenue
FOLDING HUNTER—Model 110
4” blade pivots on %” bearing and has pes
tive lock in open position, Handle is golden-
grain Macassar ebony wood with solid brass
bolsters and liner cast in one piece. May be car-
ried in pocket or sheath, An ideal heavy-duty
outdoor knife for those preferring a folding
blade. Overall length when closed is 5”. Weight
bof sheath, 8 oz.
Berkeley, CA 94703
CRUISER #440 PACKSACK. Made of durable cot-
ton duck, khaki in color. Two side pockets and
one back pocket with tie-down cords. Sack fits
on Cruiser frame in seconds. Two sizes fit the
equivalent frame size.
Large #440 Packsack: 14” wide, 22” high, 7”
deep. Wt. 20 oz. 1/L .00
Regular #440 Packsack: 14” wide, 18” high,
6” deep. Wt. 18 oz. R401/R........... $8.00
CRUISER CONTOURED ALUMINUM FRAME. Low
cost serviceable model aluminum frame with
welded joints. Shoulder straps are 2” wide,
padded, dnd nylon-covered. Back bands are
4%" wide, of heavy cotton duck. This frame is
superior in comfort to any other frame in its «
price range that we know. Two sizes: Large, for
le over 5’5”; Medium, for those under
'5”. Weight: 34 oz.
Large Cruiser Frame: R400/L.........
ium Cruiser Frame: R400/R....... .
|
|
4
= 45” 1.7 oz. 0.D.
fine
_ 64” 2 oz OD.
= 45" 3 oz. blue, orange
=
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33
SIERRA DESIGNS 69/70 s
$126.50
Herter’s
/f we gave a prize for most-suggested item, we would have to
award it to Herter’s, the people’s choice (maybe 30 sug-
gestions, 15 or so reviews), Everybody says their prices
really are low and their quality good on a truly unusual
range of products. And Herter’s indeed puts out the most
entertaifiing catalog in the business ($1.00 until you‘re a
regular customer; 656 pp). At mail order distance it’s a
giggle, all those inflated boasts and fierce gun and trap
write-ups and between-the-lines patriotism. We visited
their showroom in Minnesota a summer ago, and in the
presence of their guards and threatening signs and shoddy
goods on display——well, up close we stopped laughing.
[By the way, | could see people doing very similar takes
on the WHOLE EARTH CATALOG——we pretend to be
a consumer service, but it’s just a front for fuzzy-headed
apologism for dope and sex and subversive activity. No
wonder I’m freaky about Herter’s. We're sisters under
the skin.]
Herter’s Catalog
1970; 656 pp.
$1.00 postpaid
from:
Herter’s, Inc.
Waseca, Minnesota 56093
The Smilie Company
For those interested in traditional mule packing and log
_ cabin living——or if you‘re just hung up on old time type
stuff. Everything from sheepherders ovens to genuine
heavy iron griddles, They also make those large semi-
permanent encampment tents.
[Reviewed by Drew Langsner.
Suggested by Jim Wayman]
Catalog from:
Smilie Co.
$.10 575 Howard Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
CAMP SEWING KIT — This is a real camper’s
kit with needles, strong thread, scissors, and
thimble all in compact rugged snap covered case.
9130 Camp Sewing Kit Wt. 3% ozs.
Alaska Sleeping Bag Co. >
Another outdoor supplier. Some unique items. Main mail
order service of Gerry Cunningham’s outdoor stuff.
Catalog
HERTER’S FOLDING YUKON SLEDS
Ideal for transporting provisions, ice fishing gear, hunting gear
and trapping gear over every type of snow. Has practically no drag
and will carry a large load over snow and ice with little effort.
Unique folding design converts sled from space-saving storaway
size to a rugged carrier. Constructed of sturdy hardwood. Single
metal rings securely fastened to each runner makes .attachment. to
another sled or to team harness simple. 4 ft. long 7” high'17"° wide.
$17.97
15-1035 Shpg. wt. 10 Ib.
WITH A BITCH
SHEEPHERDERS WOOD CAMP
> # STOVE - it’s the old time Skeep-
tders Stove, built for hard and long use. Of
heavy sheet iron (20 ga.) with 5 piece telescoping
pipe (16’* lengths) which packs in fire box. Oven
size 5" x 8’ x 11” with bakepan. Overall size
12” x 9" x 27". Can be packed as top load on
pack animal.
2-3405 Sheepherders Stove - Wt. 26 Ibs.
Shipping Weight 35 Ibs........ Not PP $25.00
2-3428 4” Stove Pipe Damper. . Wt. 7 ozs. $ .85
2-3429 5"’ Stove Pipe Damper. . Wt. 9 ozs. $ .95
2-3426 4's" Stove Pipe Tent Ring......
Asbestos Wt. 4 ozs.
2-3427 Stove Pipe Tent Ring......
Asbestos Wt. 5 ozs.
2-3425 Stove Pipe Tent Ring. ..... $2.75
Asbestos Wt. 6 ozs.
2-3410 Extra Set Telescoping Pipe for Sheepherde:
Stove - 5 Pieces - Maximun Diameter 5" - Weight
Not PP. $6.65
*
3: Holubar
# Another outdoor supplier. Some unique items.
free
from:
Alaska Sleeping Bag Co.
13150 S. W. Dawson Way
Beaverton, Oregon 97005
HERTER’S OAR LEATHERS AND
BUTTONS
Our oar leathers
and buttons § are
made of the finest
quality russet leath-
er. The leathers are
/
4
PRESS TOP TINS - These are useful for
food storage-as they are mouse and squitret proof
and waterproof. Two of these will slide nicely
into a mule’s pack box. Also with out-
sides painted food can be color-coded. Not
for use over fire since these cans have soldered
bottoms. Size 9'4"" square x 1334" high. 7° Dia.
opening, includes cover.
3920 Press Top, 5-Gallon Tin. . . Not PP. $1.95
Weight 245 Ibs. Not Painted
# Catalog [Suggested by Craige Schensted]
free from Catalog
33 Holubar ALUMINUM SKILLET # free
Boulder, Colo. 80302
Be Let Fido carry his own food « Sturdy
nylon, waterproof zippered panniers « Leath-
er reinforced corners.
Number: P803
Weight: 11 ozs.
Smail—For dogs to 40 Ibs.
Large—For dogs over 40 Ibs.
$14.00
SOLAR WATER HEATER
Hunt or fish all day and have two gal-
lons of hot water ready for your clean-
up the instant you return to camp...
and do this without leaving an unat-
tended fire at your campsite.
$5.00 Postpaid
106
from:
3 Another outdoor supplier.
#3 A few unique items. East coast.
ss Eastern Mountain Sports, Inc.
ss 1041 Commonwealth Avenue
= Boston, Mass. 02215
CUTTER INSECT REPELLENT
Comes as a cream in a non-breakable
HERTER’S FOLDING CAMPER’S
TABLE
Ideal for campers, picnickers, fishermen,
‘hunters and trailer campers. Stands on only
four legs. Does not require level surface to
stand firmly.
Folds quickly and compactly into self.
contained carrying case weighing 321, Ibs.
stores in a space four inches wide. Seats
4 easily. Will not tip or tilt even though
only one side is occupied. Folded size: 33”
long x 1414” high x 4” wide; Open size:
33” x 29”, overall length 60”; Table 27”
. 7 x 614 inches and the buttons are 4 x 13 i F
ps inches. Complete leathers and buttons. high, seats 1514” high.
y PBIF Shpg. Wt. 8 ozs. per poir $1.97 28-2000-H Shpg. wt. 34 Ibs. — $27.97
MOISTURE PROOF VINYLITE FOOD BAGS -
These bags will actually keep your food dry.
Made round and stand up on their flat bottoms,
with tie tapes. Of welded tough Vinylite.
No. Capacity Size Wt. Price
2-6210 2%” Dia.x9° %o0z..... $ .45
2-6220 2! Ibs. Dia. x 11" loz..... 55
2-6240 5Sibs. 6" Dia.x 12” 2ozs....$ .65
2-6260 15 Ibs.” 9°’ Dia. x 16" 3 ozs... $1.25
2-6261 25 Ibs. 9° Dia. x 25" Sozs.... $1.50
JUMBO CAST IRON GRIDDLE - This size for
big mulepack parties. 13%’ x 25’* surface with
handles (30" overall).
2-3214 Jumbo Cast Iron Griddle . . Not PP. $15.95
Ship. Wt. 28 Ibs. Without box. Wt. 25 Ibs.
feurren |
REPELLERT
INSECT
= TINY Use as #
33 skillet or plate. 8’ diameter. 3
‘Weight 34 oz.
SWISS VICTORINOX #i(plastic) vial. Quite effective. 1 oz.
KNIFE The original and finest
stainless steel Swedish blades are “"""
extremely sharp and hold their
edges. This model also has nail
scissors, two regular and one ee
Phillips screw drivers, bottle cap
opener, can opener, file, awl,
tweezers and toothpick. Knife
also includes saw blade not shown
in picture. With lanyard for tying
a cord to prevent loss.
Weight 334 oz. ______ $11.75
E09L214
$1.49
Weight oz.
POCKET THERMOMETER. An accurate
thermometer in an aluminum case with pocket clip.
Legible from minus 50° to 125°F. Fun to have
along and especially useful in checking snow tem-
peratures for cross-country ski waxing.
Th
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The Stephenson Warmlite tent is the 2-3 man tent for
backpacking and mountaineering. The basic Model 6—
Single Wall Tent weighs 36 ounces complete with poles.
It has been designed by Jack Stephenson, an aerodynamicist
and mechanical engineer, who fabricates them as a part-
time operation at home. The tapered hoop shape is very
stable and doesn’t flap in the wind. It also provides
extra interior head room compared to conventional
A-frame designs. Interior thermodynamics are designed
to provide good ventilation and minimize heat loss.
Length is over 10 feet, width of 5 feet. Fits in small
size sleeping bag stuff sack. $100-$215.°
[Suggested and reviewed by Drew Langsner]
Barbour
Here in California; Barbour all-weather gear looks
hopelessly exotic. Appropriate dress for leaning
against the straining helm or sneaking into East
Germany in November and other romances. Qut-
standing for motorcyclists. Waterproof without
condensation.
[Suggested by Jerome Skuba]
Catalog
free
from:
J. Barbour and Sons, Ltd.
Simonside, South Shields
Co. Durham, ENGLAND
L/W Thornproof
Racing Oversuit
“$22.00
“Probably the best known motorcycle suit
in the: world, the well proven Bartour is
100 per cent waterproof and extremely
durable”. Motorcycle
F/W Thornproof
Durham Jacket
$21.00
The best roadside tent by far is the Thermos POPTENT®
a dome shaped affair that erects in about one minute
without ropes, poles, or stakes and will withstand bad
weather remarkably well. Comes in two sizes with sewn
in floor, screen door and window. Hexagonal floor about
6% feet across the flats sleeping two and a child, and a
larger one about 8% feet and 6 feet high that will sleep
four but with less wind stability. The smaller one is best,
folding up into a bag 5 inches diameter and two feet long
weighs 13 lbs. Prices vary from store to store, but expect
to pay about $60 for the small one; $90 for the big one.
Don’t pay more. Cut urethane foam 2” thick to fit the
floor and you have a good camp for a small car or motor-
cycle.
[Suggested and reviewed by J. Baldwin]
free from: ss
Stephenson's
23206 Hatteras Street ss
Woodiand Hills, CA 91364 3:
3
$$
3
i. Kelty Packs
3 Famous packs.
#
3 Catalog
Poptent
3. free HH 6% ft., green
# from: # $65.00 postpaid ($60 in the store)
ss 1801 Vi HH :
#
# # Black’s
$3
3 3 Said to be the largest camping equipment supplier
HH HH in England, Black’s has an outlet in New York state.
[Suggested by Jerome Skuba]
3 KELTY PACK PRICES HH Catalog
PACKBAG MODEL - Sizes Both Colors free
Mountaineer 45,25 49.50 | 4525 | 5350 $8
Backpacker 43.00 47.25 39.25 43.00 51.25 Sons
SSS SSS Ogdensburg, N. ¥. 13669
Camp and Trail 3
_ The most beloved of the New York outdoor suppliers. 33
[Suggested by Annie Helmuth] 3 ;
Catalog.
free
Very popular un ear which keeps the at
normal temperature in both hot end cold tempera -
ss tures by providing an insulating layer of air next the
New York, N. Y, 10007 HH skin. Very comfortable and light. Made in Norway.
se. Athletic Shirts. Weight 4 oz. $2.95
es
HH Shorts. Weight 4 oz. $2.95
$4.96
MA, BLACKS
No. 163. MALLORY POCKET FLASHLIGHT in Scotiand 2862
Complete with two Penlite Alkaline Manganese batt-
eries. 5 Hours continuous ligm, 8-1/2 hrs. inter-
mittent. Has a 2 yr. shelf life, wt. 40zs: 4" long,
1-1/2" thick. $1.98
Replacement batteries 50¢ each. The JOE BROWN ‘EXTENDABLE’
; A new ski/climbing rucsac designed by
the ‘hard man’ of British climbing. Com-
bining the best qualities of traditional
proofed cotton duck and proofed nylon
it is rugged, light and waterproof Special
features include : (a) Large prooted nylon
top flap with Inner and Outer pockets ;
(b) Top flap has elasticated sides to keep out wind and
rain; (c) Detachable proofed nylon side pockets ; (d) Sec-
uring straps allow skis to be carried behind pockets:
(e) Quickly adjustable padded shoulder straps; (f) New
easy action buckles on all straps allow adjustment while
No. 159. LENNAN RUBBER LIGHT.
A 2 cell waterproof, damage proof
flashlight. Has a very excellent
wearing mitts. Size: 13 ins. x 22 ins. x 64 ins. Pockets : 5 ins.
switch. Wt. empty, 8 ozs. $2.95
x 9 ins. Weight 2 Ib. 12 oz. $28.60
3
7.97
dry.
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Professional Guide’s Manual
/f you’re eating meat, deerhunting is about the most honest
and economical way to go about it. This bargain book from
Herter’s——amazingly unhysterical for them——has all the
information you need to find, shoot, and butcher your deer.
/t’s also chock with tips on fishing, camping, storing stuff,
and other sundry.
[Suggested by Peter Rabbit]
Professional Guide's Manual
George Leonard Herter & Jacques P. Herter
1966; 98 pp.
$.45 postpaid
from:
Herter’s, Inc.
Waseca, Minnesota 56093
The hide of a deer, like that of other animals contains 75% of the
odor of the animal. If you leave the hide on a deer the odor from
the hide penetrates the meat, giving it a strong taste and smell. For
the best eating venison, remove hide from the deer right after gutting
it or at the latest, when you get the deer back to camp. All the meat
houses strictly abide by this rule.
THE WOODEN BUCK SAW
HEART
eran
LUNGS
JUGULAR
SPINE
HOW TO REMOVE PORCUPINE QUILLS STUCK IN A DOG
When a dog has porcupine quills in it, do not let anyone go near the dog except
its master. This precaution is necessary, as dogs with porcupine quills in them are
apt to bite anyone that approaches them except their master.
Proceed as follows: Take a cupful of ordinary vinegar and add one tablespoon
of baking soda to it. Stir well. Now sop this solution carefully on all P
parts of the quills. Wait ten minutes. Then again sop with the solution. ain wait
ten minutes. You then can pull out the quills from the dog with ease an
hurting the dog at all.
The reason this method works is as follows: Vinegar is a mild solution of acetic
acid. Porcupine quills are made up of lime and calcium. The acetic acid softens up
the lime in the quills causing them to soften, wilt, and become smaller.
HOW TO KEEP BACON FROM MOLDING
Bacon is a must item for camp and trail food. It provides some
strength giving meat but most important it provides you smoke
flavored grease to cook wild game flesh, pancakes and other food
items in.
Bacon regardless of the weather molds very easily. With the mold
*
Skills for Taming the Wilds
Bradford Angier’s outdoor books are generally thin,
sketchy, and repetitive from book to book. This appears
to be the least diluted one. Applicable mainly to north-
woods, where indeed Angier has lived for many years.
Skills for Taming the Wilds
Bradford Angier
1967; 280 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
Stackpole Books
Harrisburg, PA 17105
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG |
When campfire or cabin smoke, after lifting a short distance with
the heated air, beats downward, it is a sign of approaching storm.
On the other hand, steadily rising smoke prognosticates fair weather.,
Handbook for the Alaskan Prospector
/f utter independence is your bent, this astonishing book can
introduce you thoroughly to Alaska, to practical geology
and minerology, to prospecting, and to survival in country
where old age is considered an accomplishment. Excellent
section on use of the Brunton pocket transit.
[Suggested by N. E. Koponen]
Handbook for the Alaskan Prospector
Ernest Wolff
1969; 460 pp.
$6.00 postpaid
from:
The Mineral Industry Research Laboratory
University of Alaska
College, Alaska 9970!
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Reducing flame
Oxidizing flame
Fig. 2-3. - Blowpipe Flame
~
good fresh taste.
Oleomargarine, largely because it keeps so well, is recommended for
general wilderness use. To cut hard margarine or butter cleanly, use
a knife that has been heated in hot water.
To protect yourself from popping hot fat, stop the spattering by
sprinkling a bit of flour into the frypan. If the grease catches fire,
throw a handful of flour on it or extinguish the flames by covering
it becomes rancid and loses its good flavor entirely. To prevent
bacon from molding take a clean cloth and wash it with vinegar.
This will not only prevent it from molding but makes it retain its
rotruding
without
Figure 10.
To use the “Back Carry” method as shown
in Figure 10, slit the skin through each hind
leg as the illustration shows. ough these
slits put the a front legs. Put
sharp sticks through the front legs to lock
them in place. To get the deer on your back,
set the deer up on his rump in a sitting posi-
tion. Spread the hind legs apart and set be
tween them. Grasp a front leg in each hand,
lean backward and swing the deer up on
your back. Put both arms through the loops
formed by the legs. Now go on your hands
and knees and lean forward. Bring up first
one foot then the other until you are erect.
Whistle and sing as you carry out the deer
when using this method so no one can pos-
sibly mistake the deer on your back for a
one.
It usually requires a disproportionate amount of energy to travel
straight up and down hills, as the trails of animals reveal they well
know. You generally will do better in the long run either to zigzag
or to slant off at a gradual pitch. Energy will be conserved if you
can proceed without cutting across major drainage systems. As
for resting, this is more beneficial when enjoyed frequently for
brief periods. Hurrying ahead for long stretches and then taking
the burning fat and shutting out the sir. prolonged breathing spells tends to cause the muscles to stiffen.
Water Cress (Nasturtium)
Stopper Knot
Pockets are so handy in the outdoors that special attention should
be paid to their deepness and ruggedness when buying clothing for ;
the woods. Because of the danger of losing your already limited Telling Direction by Watch and Sun. When the hour hand points
essentials, it is well to get most or all of these with fasteners. directly toward the sun, south lies midway along the smaller arc
e sya between the hour hand and twelve o'clock.
P= Flag erected to mark spot
ot which colors were found
Fig. 10 -3 - Locating Lode by Panning. in the pon,
BLACKSMITHING
The prospector‘ is continually faced with the necessity of sharpening
his digging tools, and he occasionally may need to produce iron or
steel implements. For these reasons some knowledge of blacksmithing
is essential.
Tools and Equipment
A blacksmith must have a means of heating iron and steel, a means
of working them, and a means of tempering. For the isolated pros-
pector, these may be as simple as a wood fire, a hammer, a large
stone, and a pool of water. Such an outfit allows him to sharpen
picks or small handsteel occasionally, but if he is to sharpen anything
larger, he needs a forge and an anvil, tongs, files, and a supply of
coking coal or charcoal.
x
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*
Ma
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4
Home Tanning and Leather Making Guide
Best information on tanning we've seen. If you‘re eating
deer or calf or dog or whatever and throwing the skin
away, you don’t need this book. Meathead.
Home Tanning and Leather Making Guide
A. B. Farnham
1950; 176 pp.
$1.50 postpaid
Aecur 1Blwenes Oven Ace
TWO HANDLED SCUDDING KNIFE
Used like Slicker, curved to fit beam. _—— copper or slate edge, to
avoid rus
*
Introduction to Caving
Make your heroic journey to the underworld. Return to
tell about it. This intro has an annotated bibliography if
you get to liking that kind of adventure.
Introduction to Caving
John Thrailkill
1962; 30 pp.
$1.00 postpaid
Mount Vernon, N. Y. 10552
Skin and Scuba Diving
Don’t expect to read this book and start scuba
diving in a month or so. Scuba diving is fun and
rewarding sport. But without proper training, it
is very dangerous.
This book has grown in time along with the sport
of scuba diving. Now in its newest edition, it is
more complete than any other book ever written
on this subject by anyone. So if you’re interested
or planning to be involved in this art, you would be
best to buy this book; if you don’t get it now, your
instructor will tell you to later.
[Reviewed by Jay Bonner.
Suggested by Jack O’Neill]
The New Science of Skin and Scuba Diving
1957 . . . 1968; 224 pp.
$2.45 postpaid
from:
Association Press
291 Broadway
New York, N. Y. 10007
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Underwater Prospecting Techniques
A vote for goldwater is a vote for fun.
Underwater Prospecting Techniques
Vaugn M. Greene
1960; 65 pp.
$2.00 postpaid
from:
Vaugn M. Greene
548 Elm Avenue
San Bruno, CA 94066
from:
Harding's Books
2878 E. Main Street
Columbus, Ohio 43209
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
It is quite an experience to visit a cave that is heavily decorated
with speleothems, and it is quite a temptation to remove just
one or two small ones as mementos of the trip. Surely, you think,
with all these stalactites no one will ever miss just one or two.
Obviously you are right, no one will ever miss just one or two.
But after a hundred people have removed just one or two, the
loss of one or two hundred is all too apparent. Something
beautiful has been destroyed. Utterly destroyed, for it will
take many lifetimes for even the small
e
Falling rocks are one of the greatest hazards of spelunking. For
this reason, hard hats should always be worn in caves where there
is any climbing to be done. A falling pebble can be a murderous
rocks if there are people below. It is obvious that boulder piles
and a slide could prove disastrous to persons on and below them.
*
Underwater Work
skills,
Underwater Work
John E. Cayford
1966; 258 pp.
$6.00 postpaid
from:
Cornell Maritime Press, Inc.
Cambridge, Maryland 21613
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Hours , Pay Scale (Master Scuba Diver)
0-8 $ 22.50 per hour
45.00"
12-16 100.00" ”
16—20 250.00"
20-24 500.00"
Over 24 1000.00" "
EQUIPMENT:
U. S. Divers——for scuba is the only co. | would recommend. In 8
years of scuba diving | have used their gear time and time again and
find it to be reliable and durable. Their regulators and wetsuits are
for my money the best on the market. | will send you a 1970 catalog
as soon as it comes out. They aren‘t cheap but most dealers give
pretty good discounts.
U. S. Divers
3325 West Warner Avenue
Santa Ana, CA 92704
For shallower water (75"), which is arbitrary as to depth, Desco, Inc.
makes an open-circuit-surface-supplied face-plate (the same plate is
used by the U. S. Navy) that is out of sight but slightly limited as
to vision for about $120. Desco also makes a complete line of heavy
gear from air-hats to commercial diving dress and accessories, none
of ee say yea or nay about as | have only used their shallow
water mask.
The best deep-sea hard-hat is one made by Kirby-Morgan (A Division
of U. S. Divers) and is called their Standard Air Hat. If you are buying
or need to buy heavy-gear, | recommend (and have bought for
myself) their Standard Air Hat above all others. It has the increased
port area of most commercial hats for better visibility with the rug
gedness and reliability of the Navy Mark V Hat.
As far as training facilities go for commercial diving there are two in
Southern Cal. and one in Oakland. | investigated al! of them before
enrolling and finally wound up going to Universal Divers Lmt. in
San Pedro. Universal is the only school that trains a man in all
phases of commercial diving. Their instructors are all commercial
divers of 10 or more years diving experience each and their facilities
include a fully equipped commercial grade diving barge, a 40-50 foot
ocean diving boat and complete classroom facilities. The course runs
10-12 weeks and at present costs $795. It will go up to $1000 as
they will be adding a section on commercial abalone diving in the
near future. This is still about $250 cheaper than the other schools.
As to periodicals and books on commercial diving there really is
only one book and that is the U. S. Navy Diving Manuals. They
are available at most dive shops and are the final authority on all
phases of diving. The manual is a must for all divers, commercial
or otherwise. Only one periodical is out that specializes in com-
mercial diving and it is called Undercurrents. It is so new | haven't
got its address yet but as soon as | do | will send it along.
Sincerely,
Michael Montenegro
Los Angeles, CA
er stalactites to be replaced.
PHREATIC. ZONE~—
weapon, and extreme care should be taken to avoid dislodging loose
should be treated gently, since they are often precariously stacked
/f you‘re near the water, there’s all manner of work to be
done under jt, and a well-paid shortage of men with the
. .. pour the slaked lime into a clean barrel, add enough water to
nearly fill and stir it up. See to it that hides are so hung that they
are completely covered by the lime water and have as few folds and
wrinkles as possible. Keep the barrel covered, except when you
stir the lime water and plunge the hides three or four times a day
until the hair will come out easily. Early in the liming it will be
possible to pull the hair out, but this is not sufficient; by easily
we mean until it will come off by rubbing over with the hand.
This will require from six to ten days in warm weather and possibly
as long as sixteen days in winter.
Ad/
UNDERWATER
CORMELL MARITIME PRESS,
*
New England Divers
Underwater equipment at wholesale prices.
[Suggested by Warren Riess]
Price List
free
from:
New England Divers Inc.
42 Water Street
Beverly, Mass. 01915
3/4” SINGLE 71.2 CU. FT. PROFESSIONAL TANKS
0185 QO GALVANIZED WITH HIGH PRESSURE 34 LBS. 90.00 60.30
0186 QD sar Wi 34 18S. 90.00 60.30
0195 QO GALVANI ZEO WITH RESERVE "J" 34 LBS. 103.00 69.01
0196 QO SAFET 34 LBS. 103.00 69.01
SAFETY YELLOW WITH RESERVE
"J" VALVE AND TANK BOOT
109
4
HOME TANNING
AND LEATHER MAKING
FUNNEL” SINK HOLES
COLLAPSE” SINK HOLE
ZONE 4
po TRE A =
===
own
Pat
lock
Alpine Rec. TO CAVING
MILLIONS IN SALVAGE be
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4 DIVERS INC.
3
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*
Breaking and Training the Stock Horse
Most books on, and methods of, training the western
type riding horse are a collection of anecdotal tricks and
clever gimmicks with which you may force or frighten the
horse into doing what you have in mind. Mr. Williamson’s
is not.
/t is a concise, orderly, and complete explanation of how,
with minimum paraphernalia, to condition the horse to
interpret the most subtle movements and pressures of the
legs, hands, and entire body and to turn these commands
into movement with the freedom and ease of an unmounted
horse. A horse well trained by this method can easily be
ridden without a bridle. Williamson’s method develops
discipline and sensitivity in the trainer as well as in the
horse.
Although intended primarily for the stock horse, its basic
training principles can be applied to the training of any
type of riding horse, including hunter, jumper, gaited, and
high school dressage. There are also chapters on horseman-
ship, riding, and riding a bucking horse.
Mr. Williamson has been occupied with horses all of his
life——the Cavalry in the First World War, running pack
outfits, catching wild horses, and training and exhibiting.
He now conducts a school in horse training and horseman-
ship in Hamilton, Montana.
[Suggested and reviewed by Paul Bandy]
slack when the horse is doing what you want.
... the use of weights, ropes, and other mechanical devices such as
bitting rigs, tie downs, tying a horse’s head to one side to “limber
up his neck’’ and other such practices are mechanics and not horse-
manship and have no place in a course of this kind. Use of such
practices makes a horse still more mechanical in his movements and
if he ever ‘timbers up’’ it is through hard usage and then the horse
learns it in spite of the rider, not with his help.
One of the chief objectives in learning good horsemanship is that of
BREAKING and
TRAINING
and Training the Stock Horse
Charlies O. Williamson
1950; 123 pp. r
$7.50 postpaid
from:
Charles O. Williamson
Hamilton, Montana 59840
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
being able to have a horse perform and work with little use of the sesssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssssssssssssesy
bit. A bit of any kind in the mouth of a horse is a very annoying 33
instrument at its best and is an instrument of torture when in the :: Practical Western Training
wrong hands. HH
33 /n an area where most of the horseshit does not come from the
0rses, Practical Western Training is a refreshingly useful and
see ttt ttt ttt ttt} sensible book. Dave Jones isa working western horseman and
33 : ‘ 3 he gives the reader the benefit of years of successful, practical
Ay. Rincs—< experience. Most important he treads the fine line between
Take The- 3 senseless counter-productive brutality and letting the horse
Fence of ss run the whole show.
Use The Smart
ROPE BETWEEN THE
END RINGS TO
SIze oF
<8} piAMoNDS
To TieHTEN UP
iF NEEDED —
*
Horses, Hitches and Rocky Trails
Right. You got your land fifteen miles into nowhere from
the nearest roadhead. You deplore noisy trail bikes and
ATVs, and you can’t afford a helicopter. Then you‘re
into packing. Joe Back is a packer, and talker, and illus-
trator, and he can help you.
HORSES, HITCHES
AND ROCKY
TRAILS
Horses, Hitches and Rocky Trails
Joe Back
1959; 117 pp.
$4.00 postpaid
from:
Swallow Press
1139 South Wabash Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60605
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
If you can, pick a good short-backed horse, thick in the body, with
strong sturdy legs. A long-pasterned horse cripples up faster than
one with short pasterns. You'll find a lot of thin, spindly-legged
ponies that'll pack OK but they don’t stand up well. Too heavy
and too big horses slow you down and are not agile. About a 1200
Ib. horse is just right for weight, although lots of smaller horses are
used and stay right in the ring. The Morgan type is the boy if you
can pick and choose, but don’t get too choosey or we'll never get
to camp.
*
The Spanish Mustang Horse
For anyone who needs a good, tough, dependable, intelligent,
quick, sure-footed, little horse, the Spanish Mustang is the
answer.
The horse of the Spanish conquerors, Indian pony, and ori-
ginal wild horse has suffered as bad a fate as his native
American masters. Castrated, crossbred and shot for dog
food, he is almost extinct. There is now a registry, founded
by Bob and Ferdinand Brislawn, for the preservation of the
mustang horse. Most of the foundation stock was caught
wild in remote areas or found on Indian reservations.
They are small horses (12 to 14.2 hands). Their speed,
endurance, and ability to withstand hard winters on little
food is legendary. One Mustang, Yellow Fox, won the 100
110
If you don’t balance each load, it’s your hard luck. The handiest and
cheapest tool you can buy is a fairly accurate spring or other scale
that will take weights up to 100 or 150 pounds. It will last for
years and you'll always use it. Some people like the style with a
hook at the bottom and a ring or handle at the top. Seven or
eight bucks for one will save you and your outfit a million dollars
worth of grief.
Balance the two sides of each pack, being sure they weigh the same,
whether they‘re panniers, side packs of any kind, mantied cargo,
bedrolls, tents, or any’daggoned ordinary pack you load.
OV DONT E
IF DONT, TAKE
“WATS YouR HARD Luck —
Manila is the stuff. Most people, including me, like good manila
rope for both pack and sling ropes (sling ropes 3/8 inch diameter,
lash ropes 5/8 or sometimes 3/4 inch diameter: a good many times
you will use a lash rope also for a picket rope, and will wantitbig -s§
for safety). Of course, you can use sisal, which is cheaper, and |
think much weaker and less durable than manila. Cotton is good,
but boy! when she gets wet and frozen you need a hacksaw blade
for your knots. Nylon is a billionaire’s dream, and say, Bud, try
to splice one! Besides, you've seen the ads praising the stretch in
milady’s nylons; it’s so, it never stops, you can’t keep it tight.
mile Bitterroot, Montana, endurance ride at age eighteen.
They come in conventional colors——bay, sorrel, black,
chestnut——and in many others——blue and red roan,
medicine hat, grulla, bluecorn, buckskin, claybank,
overo paint, steeldust.. .
They make good pack, cart, children, saddle, or even light
plow horses. Mustangs are priced from cheap ($100 to $150
for a registered colt) to expensive, depending on the breeder.
Most breeders are old-timers and reasonable. We bought
three last year in Wyoming and are very well satisfied.
They are remarkably fast learners.
[Suggested and reviewed by Paul Bandy]
For information and breeders list write:
Information Headquarters
Bob Racicot, Exec. Secretary
Box 26, Thompson Falls
Montana 59873
Contrary to the usual idea little equipment is necessary in the proper
training of saddle horses.
A horse responds to training to relieve pressure on some part of his
body. He follows you when you are leading him to relieve pressure
on his poll. He goes forward when the legs are used to relieve
pressure on his sides. He stops or slows when the reins are pulled
backward to relieve pressure on his mouth. When he does what you
want, if you do not slack and relieve pressure, he has no incentive
to do the same thing again for you and finally gives up in disgust
and carries you about in a listless or even defiant manner because
he must.
correct on hind feet. Hi and rider
A sliding stop bog relaxed, nose
Practical Westem
from:
or WHOLE
EARTH
CATALOG
3; When handling horses there is no substitute for experience,
s: but this book is as close as you can get. In the first 115
s: pages the author presents encyclopedic information on all
3: phases of horse management. The last fifty pages are
$3 devoted to a brief discussion of eastern riding and showing.
ss [Suggested and reviewed by Michael S. Kaye]
33 Horses: Their Selection, Care and Handling
Margaret Cabell Self
1943; 170 pp.
$5.95 postpaid
from:
A. S. Barnes & Co.
Box 421
Cranbury, N. J. 08512
or WHOLE
EARTH
CATALOG
Kamawi, No. 115, black stallion *
“His qualities are complete. Now he looks anxious; now to be
losing the way; now to be forgetting himself. Such a horse
prances along, or rushes on, spurning the dust and not know-
ing where he is.”
Chuang-Tzu, Book XXIV, Part II1, Section II, Trans. James Legge
wr
,
¥,
|
Halterbreaking the green horse. Never pull a steady pull on a horse
a a whether mounted or working from the ground. Pull and slack. Stay Tar \ le
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A Bicycle Page For You Bi
Good bicycles are light, with high quality construction for a
reasonable price, gearing sufficient for all road conditions, and
efficient design and construction.
The touring bicycle configuration is the best by far. Touring
cycles have drop bars (or “racing handlebars”), a narrow seat,
derailleur gears, light weight frame and components, and a
minimum of friction in all moving parts.
The drop bars and narrow seat setup put the cyclist in a
natural forward leaning position that lowers the center of
gravity, improves balance and handling characteristics, cuts
wind resistance, and gains the maximum leverage from the
legs. The narrow seat has little padding to keep the rider's
ass from being rubbed off. Toe clips and straps are also
standard, allowing the cyclist to apply power in the upstroke
as well as the downstroke.
Derailleur gears are available in five, ten and fifteen speed
combinations. Derailleurs give the widest range of gears in
the most direct manner possible. Touring cycles also have
narrow high pressure tires for less rolling resistance, there-
fore higher speeds, and high quality brakes (center-pull) for
quick stopping.
Bicycles are small, inexpensive, require little maintenance,
pleasurable to use, and smogless. If America traded in all
their detroit iron for bikes, a lot of problems would be solved. .
SUGGESTED & REVIEWED BY SAGE
Crown Race. and soak in orl
3, Brake Joints, Front every 3 months,
and Rear. 7. Bottom Bracket
4, Wheel Hub, Rear. Beer ings.
8. Pedals.
List, compiled. by me and members of Turin
Bike Co-op; isnot a series of plugs——these
are good stores that are better than most as
far as ripping off goes. Turin of course is
biased but other than Chicago stores on list
they need not worry about competition. |
personally feel the list is essential, as there
are few shops in USA with the goods, and
these are them.
Bicycle dealers/distributors of note
Stuyvesant Distributors
404 East 11th Street
New York, N. Y. 10009
(75¢ for catalog)
Turin Bicycle Co-op
2112 North Clark Street
Chicago, IIlinois 60614
Thomas Avenia (east)
131 East 119th Street
New York, N. Y. 10035
Thomas Avenia (west)
10205 Rio Hondo Parkway
El Monte, CA
Big Wheel Ltd.
Department
310 Holly Street
Nenver, Colorado 80220
Cupertino Bike Shop
10080 Randy Lane
Cupertino, CA
95014
Cyclo-Pedia
Cyclo-Pedia
The basic LIGHTWEIGHT TOURING BIKE must have
—drop bars
—center pull brakes
—derailleur gears (5, 10, 15 speeds)
—narrow leather seat
When buying a bicycle, be certain of the availability of parts
from dealer. Also, remain wary of Japanese equipment under
$200, and Huret/Spring derailleurs, as they remain ripoffs for
the quality offered.
Cyclo-Pedia
The skilled cyclist thinks only in terms of pedalling speed . . .
These publications are all nearly essential if not bicycle speed. His object is to keep the same steady pedalling
you plan on checking out all available avenues rhythm through the whale ride.
before buying a ten-speed tourer.
Bicycling! (monthly magazine)
H. M. Leete & Co.
256 Sutter Street
San Francisco, CA 94108
Derailleur Lightweights——
New Dimension in Cycling
available from
Schwinn Bicycle Company
1856 North Kostner
Chicago, Illinois 60639
League of American Wheelman Bulletin
How to Improve Your Cycling
ee
FORKS & STAYS
L.A. W.
5118 Foster Avenue
Chicago, IIlinois 60630 The optimum LIGHTWEIGHT TOURING BIKE would
have a lightweight steel alloy frame all around, the best
brand being Reynolds 531 (see label above). !t would
also have lightweight alloy gears & other components,
precision bearings (less friction, longer wear, stronger),
sew-up high pressure tires, and a neat looking paint job.
Most top of the line bikes made by major manufacturers
have all these ingredients for about $230 or more; their
differences when choosing between the various brands
would be the quality of component assembly, frame sizes
available, and personal preference.
Reynolds decal is not a plug; they are the only people in
the world who make decent frames. Literally.
Complete Handbook of Cycling
available for $2.10 from
Big Wheel Ltd.
Department
310 Holly Street
Denver, Colorado 80220
from:
The Athletic Institute
Merchandise Mart
Room 805
Chicago, Illinois 60654
orWHOLEEARTHCATALOG
6447 Michigan Avenue
Detroit, Michigan
(high quality-well worth price)
48210 (january 1970, compiled by Turin Bicycle
($1.00 for 60 page “handbook & catalog’) Co-op staff with Sazse) ' Precision Machines
Pleasant Valley Shop
P.O. Box 293 $85 $100 $125 $155 $180 $240
Livingston, N. J. 07039
(mail order specialist for Clement cycles) 1 }
9544 Santa Monica Boulevard Basic Lighter Improved improved precision
Beverly Hills, CA 90210 ~ Bike wheels gears, bearings bearings
Velo-Sport Cyclery see sSew-up ;
1650 Grove Street i lighter
Berkeley, CA text) alloy
John’s Custom Bicycle Center licht pind crank
741 East Dixie Drive assembly
West Carrolton, Ohio
YY,
>
1, Levers. 5. Wheel Hub, Front |
2, Head Races and 6. Chain = Remove
Ag
ps
; al \
( \ , 7) How to Improve Your Cycling
y
Motor Trend Repair Manual
H
This manual is intended to be an introduction It’s a good idea to use tune-up oil on every car to TIRE CARE. the most
to automobile mechanics and the more fear- clean out deposits in the cylinders. The oil is poured important as well as the i
some professional shop manuals. /t contains into the carburetor air intake with the engine at a easiest single step in tire tn
. fast idle. If you can keep the engine running by care is maintaining 1
about all the amateur mechanic needs to know opening the throttle wide but keep the rpm downto — proper inflation. ou
in order to diagnose, repair, and maintain an idle by pouring the oil faster, you know the oil Pressures specified by
domestic cars and VW 1954-1965. It is is doing its job properly. Detroit in owner's - So
assumed that the mechanic has no experience from pel for” vel
at all. All major assemblies are well ae normal driving, tend to P ; j en
illustrated and explained both in principle favor comfort and quiet wee acroeumanet su
and specifically, with note made of quirks All yard operators strip some fast-moving or valuable over tire life. A trained, cle
found in certain models. There are chapters parts from a wreck and stock resale. Examples 8 If
would be undamaged components from an air- ' e — per
or remarks o” tools needed and how to use conditioning system; batteries, tires and even engines recommend 30 psi at all pe
them, working safely, junk yard technique, and transmissions from late-model wrecks: and intact 4 wheels for maximum MssaccGMMENt pa
on-the-road repairs, and general money sheetmetal parts like hoods, trunk lids, bumpers and tire life. ; fla
saving. There is a very good chapter on grilles. biggest contact
; regional teletype system so that if one doesn’t have the
priory trouble shooting. y f this is wrong, wy part, it can be determined in seconds whether anybody 4 Al
this st, this second, etc,” Included is most has it. In fact, if your needs are put on teletype and no Address requests for Ge team ten un
likely diagnosis and prescription. Common one has the part, odds are that in a few days an accident automotive catalogs to: ea
repairs like ‘putting in new points’ are will happen that will enable your order to be filled. A
ce f late model wreck, totalled from an insurance standpoint Sears Roebuck and Co.
pomp: neatly. Maj he obs are presented “4 is by no means ‘junk.’ It will return at least $500 if . Local catalog order center
that the amateur mechanic can get most o properly salvaged. Then, there are still countless rural OH
the work done before calling in expensive yards that fill a cow pasture with derelict cars and let Montgomery Ward and Co. in.
expert help. It is clearly stated when to give you prowl around until you find the part you want. Local catalog order center :
up, and what not to attempt without These are self-service stores in the true sense because un
eeite you do your own dismantling, but it’s a fascinating way Spiegel Inc. fal
expertise. They even tell you how much you to spend a Saturday afternoon. Chicago, I!linois 60609 the
will save, and how long it will take. This is ; at
a great book for that person trying to keep Ny yatntg fe Co. ge!
the oldie going and/or who wants to under- Chicago, Illinois 60616 sol
stand cars in general. It fits girls too. Well suc
worth the money. ae H 1
onest St. at North Highway
by Chattanooga, Tenn. 37421 yo
. Baldwin cal
th
Motor Trend Basic Auto Repair Manual me
; 384 pp.
Truck Repair Manual
$3.95 postpaid E He
/f you have a truck, chances are marvelous you *
spend a fair amount of your time under it or
8490 Sunset Blvd. = in the front end of it. Judicious use of this ies
Los Angeles, CA 90069 4 A book might save you some down-time. It “h
- covers the gamut of trucks and tractors, 1960- “
69, and has better than usual illustrations of
how to get at what you’re working on.
After all the oil is poured in, the car should be
driven with wide-open throttle under heavy load,
such as climbing a steep hill at about 50 mph. If no .
hills are available, short acceleration bursts from ~
about 30 mph up to 60 will do the job. This W
‘blowing out’ is especially effective on a car that has
been driven around town. Don’t blow out the Bu
engine after the tune-up, do it before. New spark f
plugs can be fouled by this procedure so that they 7
tt catenins Fig. 1 Cylinder head tightening se- th
ea
Volkswagen Technical Manual The methods employed to boost the power output #3 Motor’s Truck Repair Manual pl
of the VW engine follow the usual speed-tuning :: 1969; 1154 pp. ar
pattern: dual carburetors, supercharging, high HH ‘ Sq
There’s unusual agreement among all the compression cylinderheads, high-compression 33 $14.00 postpaid
mechanics we've talked to that this is the pistons, long-stroke crankshafts, special camshafts, $3 =
extra large cylinders and the various possible from:
e best book on VWs. It’s good prevention combinations of these methods. HH Motor Book Department
against getting burned by the Volkswagen 3 250 West 55th Street
agencies in Reno and Okiahoma City (name 3 New York, N. Y. 10019
your favorite villain; those are mine) when :
a dismayiig noise starts following you down 33 EARTH CATALOG
the road and your trip shifts from 400 miles 3:
a day to nothing week.
[Suggested by Don Burns]
*
iiaien Ras # J. C. Whitney Automotive Accessories & Parts M
Henry Elfrink HH
eo Automotive 3: A really great catalog of car parts, not all of them above Ne
1964; 256 pp. P. O. Box 20715 #: suspicion as far as usefulness goes, but on the other hand be
Los Angeles, CA 90006 $3 very complete and especially good for older cars, is the
$3.50 postpaid or WHOLE 33 J. C. Whitney Catalog. They stock parts for such things as
3: model A Fords and Borgwards, Jeeps and VWs, and offer
CATALOG HH used parts. \
‘othe 3 [Suggested and reviewed by J. Baldwin] fe
universal car’ of many years ago: the model T Ford rH Catalo : - .
of which more than 15 million were built. There is HH talog from: — g
a germ of truth in this comparison; both cars were 3 fr J. C. Whitney & Company
built for the masses by geniuses in their field, but 3: ee 1917-19 Archer Avenue .
whereas the old model T was basically a simple car Chicago, Illinois 60616
which could be repaired, so to speak by anyone Th Convert Your Turn Signals to
with a screw driver and a pair of pliers, the VW is vw if Emergency Warning Lights With P
a high precision piece of machinery. The VW, Ww 3 ;
although simple in its basic conception, actually in com- E Deluxe 4-WAY FLASHER _
many ways is a subtle mechanism, as will be readily Bow A FH
apparent after the following pages are perused.
tu ning, orany $3 ‘ad |
other modifica- Make Your Own Gaskets
tion for that = * Sheet Gasket Materials |
. matter. Although we $5 CORK—FIBRE—ASBESTOS
company for holding this view, $3
it has been our experience
that a mild power boost 35 Wgith Illuminated Pull Switch | 150 Ib. air pressure. With quart container, in- | SPY GASKET SHEETS. Finest clean granulated
is not harmful, provid- 2 ‘eavy duty flashing system | structions. (Air hose not wen 5 QB | cork and special treated binder are mak-
used in
ss = that operates as an independ- | 74-$740—Shpg. wt. 2 .... wane:
ing the car is sensibly ss ent circuit—cannot overload SPRAYER | oe Ss yea cork resilient, flexible and str
\ driven. The VW ‘tar’s exisiing signa! light system. Modern de CLEANER Stk. No. Size, "
engine—especiall sgn conforms to, or exceeds al! SAE standards 34-094 —12''x36"x1/16". Each 59
9 and state requirements. Features arc 34-095— 1 .......... Each 79¢
FIBER GASKET SHEETS. Seals effectively under
the latest type—is
medium bolt pressures. Recommended for
very rugged, and it
* Modern pull switch with flashing pilot light—
‘audible click puts unit in operation.
* Rugged, unbreakable mounting bracket that
has a greater built-in con be eosily installed under dash BLOW a s. . wt. 6 oz. pa
Heavy duty plug-in tlasher and tuse 34-096— 2"'x36"x1/32". Each
reserve strength than Seif-insulating quick crimp connectors elimi- GUN 34-097 —12'x36"x1/64". 22......-- Each 2%
the majority of small nate cutting, splicing, stripping and taping of ni
wiring system
omplete instructions included. Shpg. wt. 12 {
engines built today.
. wt. 2 Ibs.
|
*
5.
REDS)
| | Ga - Boch 18
4
ted
ng.
59¢
der
oil
and
Sad
me
hd
How to Keep Your Volkswagen Alive
John Muir has written what may well be your V.W.’s best
friend. In this book you are invited to “Just take the book
out to the car with your coveralls on for a guided tour.”
So | did. My guided tour of the car and the book’s easily
versed descriptions convinced me that it is the best I’ve
encountered yet. /t’s written for the layman (us), and as
such makes about 80% of the common V.W. ailments both
clear and repairable.
if you take it literally, you will learn to “feel the car” and
‘orm the necessary tasks with love. There are also many
pages devoted to what you can do when hung up on the mud
flats for one reason or another. While “Volkswagen Technical
Manual” contains more pictures of the beast, “Volkswagen
Alive” is what | would prefer to have when it’s time to
unroll the metric wrenches.
[Reviewed by Don Burns]
OK so here’s a good book on how to fix your VW written
inachummy style that will not be too amusing the second
time you read it. There’s a real collection of tricks and pit-
falls that to my mind is well worth the money. But some of
them are rehashes of old wives tales that are not true (there's
abit about the VW Understeer. What makes the VW dan-
gerous is Oversteer: /t steers more than you tell it to. Also,
some of the really damnable aspects of repairing old VWs
such as headlights that are about as bright as birthday cake
candles, are simply and groovily dismissed without telling
you how to do anything about it. HOWEVER. .. an idiot
can actually do major repairs on his VW with the aid of
this book, and that, friends, is saying a lot. ! would recom-
mend that you have this and the E/frink book at your side.
John Muir also gives lists of tools you need, which hand to
hold them in, and when to stop for a morale-building smoke.
He also tells you when to quit and what not to attempt.
Any VW owner should be able to save the price of the book
within a week of getting it. Reading it will aid you in keep-
ing your bug out of the shop in the first place. There’s a
“how to buy a used VW” chapter too! And he starts out
“Come to kindly terms with your Ass for it bears you.”
Indeed. I‘d call it indispensable.
[Reviewed by J. Baldwin]
*
Western Distributors
Bug parts——at sensible prices. This small mailorder house
offers the VW owner a chance to buy imported parts for
his car at really fair prices. Not all parts are offered, but
the ones most often replaced (cables, points, brakes, etc.)
are there. Genuine Bosch sparkplugs are a bargain at 55¢
each postpaid. No minimum order, either. A few accessories,
plus a VW Technical Manual complete the offering. Parts
are listed for the Beetle as well as the Ghia, Bus, Fastback,
Squareback, and Variant. Free catalog is offered. Service
—-good. Postage——all items are shipped postpaid.
[Suggested and reviewed by Gerard Ruch]
Catalog from:
Western Distributors
free Box 316
Cedar Crest, NM 87008
Motorcycle Troubleshooting Guide
Nobody here rides motorcycles, but we know a good fix-it
book when we see one. This is one.
Motorcycle Troubleshooting Guide
Ocee Ritch
1966; 94 pp.
$3.95 postpaid
from:
Chilton Book Company
401 Wainut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19106
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Put cellophane strip between closed points, tug gently and rotate
flywheel to timing marks. Points should just open and release
Paper when marks coincide. -
The carburetor is, if not the heart, at least the !u ngs of the motor-
cycle. It is tinkered with too much and not kept clean enough by
Most riders. There are only a few mechanics who understand
Carburetion enough to alter the factory settings and improve per-
formance, yet nearly everybody takes the liberty to manipulate.
Consequently, most carburetor trouble can be traced to the last
tune up” or the last time somebody fiddled with the carburetor.
Oil the chain once a week, after every wash job, and after riding in
the rain. Use a medium weight oil with Molykote or some similar
Molybdenum disulfide additive. A worn chain can wear the
Sprockets by rising up and down. A worn sprocket can ruin a
Chain. Replace the whole set when wear is evident. To determine
ifa chain is worn, remove it and hold it out parallel to the ground
to check sideways deflection.
-? “3 Get away from the car and the owner or salesman to let your mind
3 a and feelings go over the car and the idea of the car. What has its
: Ap Karma been? Can you live with the car? Walk around or find a
>) DAR quiet place, assume the good old Lotus and let the car be the
>) S a: POR > thing. At this point some revelation will come to you and you
will either be gently guided away from that scene and can start
ed é ia * 8 © looking again, or you will still be attracted toward the car and
can continue with your inspection. is important that-vou'neither
i. ; run the motor or ride in the car until this preliminary scene has
a : i j run its course, It also puts the owner-salesman up the wall because
he has no idea of what you are doing and will be more pliable when
the hard dealing time comes.
a \ vic EGRIP
we
B= Take the hub cap off the wheel and check the brake lining in each
bo wheel. You can see it through the adjustment hole with the flash-
s light. You may have to roll the car back and forth a little to get the
lining in view, and if the outside light is strong, a jacket or cloth
—— over the fender and your shoulders will cut the daylight so the
lining can be seen. If the lining is about one-eighth of an inch
How to Keep Your Volkswagen Alive thick, you have plenty, but if it is less than a sixteenth, you will
John Muir soon have to reline the brakes and you should know that.
1969; 242 pp
Again, this doesn't apply to those who already know they're going to buy
$5.50 postpaid = from new pistons and cylinders, but you others, mark the pistons.
John Muir Publications
Box 613
Santa Fe, NM 87501 Zi}
is
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
SS
PAY ATTENTION SS 4 °
When the Voiksie front end needs your tender attention, it'll let 2
you know by feeling insecure, a not-unknown trip in any relation- PISTON SRIRT Uy . ) MARK PISTONS AS SHOWN BEFORE REMOVING.
ship. This insecurity van be evidenced in many ways. wandering NERE
mindlessly across the road, inypulsively darting here and there, With a nail or file, scratch the number on the top of the piston, through
wearing tires out in funny patterns or making nerve-wracking that carbon, and draw an arrow pointing toward the flywheel, like I, 1, etc.
noises on dirt roads. These are the symptoms and you are the Start with #1, get it out as far as it'll go, and remember the WARNING.
doctor, at least almost a doctor. I've told you so many things to
do, it’s a real pleasure to tell you something not to do. Dyn’!
rotate vour tires! Vt takes about 500 miles for a tire to get used
to its position on acar, and changing it around just messes up
its head. It will last as long or longer right where it ts. The reason
| tell you this now is that changing the tires around will sometimes
make your front end feel insecure when there’s nothing wrong with
it.
*
Auto Engines and Electrical Systems
There are a number of books available on how to repair
automobile engines, but not many which explain so well
as this one does why each part is designed as it is, why
a certain repair procedure is used, or what causes the
wear on a worn part. | wanted a book which would help
me to understand the details of engine design and construc-
tion instead of just how to fix them; and | was extremely
pleased to find that this book does both. Its explanations
are clear, concise, complete, and profusely and excellently
iNlustrated. Its authors obviously know what they are
talking about, and write well. There is no bullshit and
no excessive technical jargon, just good solid information.
It is practically oriented, written as a textbook for mech-
anics, to provide the groundwork of basic knowledge a
mechanic should have.
1300—1500—1600 FUEL SYSTEM [Suggested and reviewed by Marv Vickers]
DESCRIPTION ORDER NO. PRICE
Fue! Pump (1300) $12.95 Auto Engines
Fue! Pump (1500-1600) 50-F-2 13.95 and Electrical Systems
Fuel Pump Kit (1300) 50-F-3 2.10
Fuel Pump Kit (1500-1600) 50-F-4 2.60 eas postpai
Carburetor (Must have carburetor number) --- 50-F-5 36.95 ea. $10.00 a
Carburetor Kit (Must have carburetor number)=- 50-F-6 4.25 ea, § 3
*
:: Motor Cycle World $3
from:
Motor
250 W. 55th Street
s /f/ were going to buy or trade a motorcycle, I’d spend some =
New York, N. Y. 10019
time with back issues of this magazine. Since they don’t
accept advertising, they are beholden only to their readers,
and their test reports show it.
Motor Cycle World
$3.00 /year (6 issues)
from:
Motor Cycle World
222 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
U.S. series of BMW's utilize
telescopic forks. This schem-
atic illustrates the internal
construction used. Good fea
ture of BMW design is meter-
ing device that prevents full-
mechanical lock-up.
Vig. 38 Combustion leakage test of cool-
ing system. Air bubbles in engine outlet
with engine running confirms this
)
ss
se
3
ee
ee
ee
ee
se
#
se
ee
1 es
ee
=e es
se
ss
eecese
es
2 es se
ss 4 ee ut
es 4} os
3 HH
se % : ee =
se + se
ee
ee
*
Pole, Paddle & Portage
This is the authoritative book on canoes and canoe-tripping.
| paddled northern Wisconsin lakes and rivers for six summers
without learning a fraction of the useful information here.
Pole, Paddle & Portage
Bill Riviere
1969; 255 pp.
$6.95 postpaid
from:
Van Nostrand Reinhold
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
One of the most frequent questions is, ‘‘How big a canoe shall | buy?
There is only one answer . . . the biggest one you can lift gracefully.
Dozens of uses are found for the rope: tying gear into the canoe,
guying the tent against a stiff blow, rigging a clothes line, lining
the craft through turbulent pitch, hanging food supplies out of
reach of hungry critters, tying packs for portaging and emergency
towing——to name only a few.
The Yukon’s canoe routes are long and remote. With the reduction
of commercial river traffic-—most of this now going over the high-
ways——the rivers are once more deserted. - Waters in the Yukon
average about 50 degrees even during a hot summer; |dkes may not
be ice-free until the middle of June and freezing temperatures and 33
snow can be expected by the first of September. The rivers are
large, supply points are few and far between. A canoe cruise should,
therefore, include at least two, preferably three craft. Early September HH
sees grizzlies feeding on salmon in the shallows so that the Department 3 rH
of Travel suggests that a rifle be carried during this period, to be used only
in emergency.
Netcraft Fishing Tackle i Bo
Most fishermen will reach for their checkbook after just one Thi
pass through this catalog. A real assortment of fishing para- bos
phernalia is displayed on its pages. Unusual, but solid for
value items are featured. A precision oiler ($1.50) that is .
really leakproof allows you to cure a squeaking reel on the pn
spot, without worrying whether it will get oil all over the Nu-Way Sawhorse Brackets toil
rest of the tackle box. For do-it-yourselfers, plug-making Good solid horses—set 'em up or take =
kits along with loose treble hooks are offered. Personal
experience with their nylon minnow netting (4 feet wide) and slip them into Sawhorse Brackets. |
allows one to recommend it highly for your own net-making. No tricky cutting or fitting. Heavy gage =
Name brand reels are offered as well, but you will probably steel—will really take it. No. 4A-98D Its
do best on these at your local discount store. 168 page $2.25; 2 pr.
catalog——free. Postage extra on orders. Service (2orders)
——above average. Charts
Catal [Suggested and reviewed by
°6 Gerard Ruch]
free f you're travelling on the water, you're going to need something
ss more than an Esso roadmap to tell you where you are. For United
from: = States waters the best charts (the only ones, really. All the others
Netcraft Fishing Tackle 3 say something like “refer to the appropriate C & GS chart for
3101 Sylvania ss navigation data”) are the ones issued by various government
Toledo, Ohio 43613
Valvespout—Fisherman’s Precision Oiler......$1.50
PUTS A PRECISE DROP on gears, bushings and shafts. Guaranteed
leakproof. No cap to lose, no cap necessary.
Just twist knurled tip of Valvespout
open or seal. Solid brass,
heavy chromed and stainless
steel FINEST
NYLON CORD for making and mend-
ing gill nets has certain advantages
over linen—the formér material. Ny- $8
lon will not rot or decompose—has
many times the life of linen. It is
much, much stronger but best of all $8
it “fishes” better as a result of its
fineness of thread and lack of bulk. §
Ideal too as utility sewing and whip- $8
pine cord wherever strength and 88
agencies.
Where to get the charts depends upon where you want to go.
Charts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf Coasts, and the Intra-coastal
Waterway come from the Coast and Geodetic Survey. The Mississippi
River and its tributaries are on Army Corps of Engineers charts, and
the Great Lakes are handled by the Lake Survey.
Cost of individual charts varies, most run about a dollar or two,
except for the rivers, which come in books. The Missouri River, for
instance, comes in two parts and costs $2.00 a book.
Index maps for the lakes and coasts are free from the appropriate
agency. It’s easier for the rivers——you tell the Corps which river
you want, and they sell you the whole book.
Charts are frequently revised, and you should be using a current
one, because the changes can sometimes be big ones. Catalogs are
available free from:
Director, Coast & Geodetic Survey
E.S.S. A. Washington Science Center
Rockville, Maryland 20852
. ghtness are desired. ss Lake Survey District, Corps of Engineers
during the 450-mile run and the river gradient is only 1 foot per ioileinonenataineall Detroit, Michigan 48226 Th
mile! Since this is a former route of the majestic sternwheel steamers, * $$ There’s no central source for river charts. Appended list is where
there is available a published log of the river between Whitehorse and Avon = each can be gotten
the Tanana River (see Appendix). } Thi
Nautical charts of foreign countries are issued by the U.S. Naval
emilee: Avon is the best of the inflatable boats. Also an 3 Hydrographic Office, Washington, D. C. 20390. Write to them sm
A White Water Handbook excellent liferaft kit.
Lill a an 2 HH John M. Ross
for Canoe and Kayak [Suggested by Vaughn Greene] HH St. Louis, Mo.
ss
ss ississippi Ri: Ohio Rive
That's what it is. Catal
White Water Handbook 3 U.S. Army Engr. Dist., St. Paul -S. Army Engr. Dist., Pittsburgh
free U.S. P.O. &Customhouse Federal Building
1969; 76 pp. Seagull Marine Sales District Engineer
3107 Washington Boulevard U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Rock Island District Engineer
$1.50 postpaid ss Venice, CA 90291 Clock Tower Building U. S. Army Engr. Dist., Huntington
3 Rock Island, Illinois 61202 8th
from: ss Inland Marine Co. untington, West Virginia
Appslachian Mountain Club U.S. Army Engr. Dist., St. Louis District Engineer
906 Olive Street U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Louisville
Com St. Louis, Missouri 63101 830 West Broadway Th
U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Memphis District Engineer
668 Federal Office Building U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Louisville on
Memphis, Tennessee 38103 830 West Broadway sid
Louisville, Kentucky 40201
District Engineer
U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Vicksburg Allegheny & Monongahela Rivers 0
P. O. Box 60
Vicksburg, Mississippi, 39180 istrict Engineer
District Engineer Pittsburgh
U. S. Army Engr. Dist., New Orleans 1009 Liberty Avenue a
Foot of Prytania Street
Orleana, Louisiane Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222
Klepper is the best of the folding boats. Mlinois Waterway
to eddy wr midanean by downstream [Suggested by Dee Scarmon]
Eskimo roll. Apart from the direct satisfaction that it brings, 35 g 219 South Desrborn Street Ue A aye Di Ht
mastering the roll has some specific and important benefits. Since 3: Length = Chicago, Illinois 60604 ‘a Box 1070" Ist., Nashwi e
you can cheerfully court an upset when practicing bracing strokes Hy . § Distri ;
and crossing currents, your practice and subsequent style will not Catalog Dist., St. Louis If
be cramped through fear of capsizing; your ability to use the = free glee: $906 OliveStret Other
paddie for balance in rough water will be much enhanced; and HH Beam: ® St. Louis, Missouri 63101 ne
finally, you will be able to recover from at least some upsets on 88 from: 4 ft. 4 in. ; District Engineer &
the river. 8 Hans Klepper Corp. Mast g Missouri River oe pen Dist., Little Rock er
Rolling is not the rare feat it was once thought to be. In a well- 3 35 Union Square West Height: al : oe In
designed kayak little strength is required for a properly executed New York, N. ¥Y. 10003 4 ¢. & in. ae noone a no Little Rock, Arkansas 72203 pl
roll, and some experts can roll without a paddle using two hands ‘ z ‘ 419 y 4 District Engineer
i Sail Area: 6012 U.S. P. O. & Court House te
alone, and in some cases, only one hand. 95 sa. ft Ne : Omaha, Nebraska 68102 U. S. Army Engr. Dist., Garrison
$ a District Engineer Riverdale, North Dakota (
1098 he U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Kansas City Distri . T
1800 Federal Office Building istrict Engineer pe
Kansas City, Missouri 64106 U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Tulsa
P.O. Box 61 or
Kanawha River Tulsa, Oklahoma tl
District Engineer District Engineer
U. S. Army Engr. Dist., Huntington U.S. Army Engr. Dist., Mobile
Huntington, West Virginia 25721 - U. BOX
Mobile, Alabama 36601
Tennessee Valley Authority
Knoxville, Tennessee
[These last are sources for reservoirs, man-made
lakes and such. There’s probably some other
office for lakes in the Colorado. Check with
your local office of the Corps of Engineers]
aa Pole,
Paddle &
A Complete Guide to Canoeing
Fi
Bo
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se
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ss
ss
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on
Boatbuilding
This is the book for the man who wants to put together a
boat he can live in and with. Chapelle is full of ideas
for getting the maximum use of the limited space on a
poat. He is also the easiest way to avoid all the miserable
itfalls one can encounter: leaking hatches and deck seams,
toilets that don’t work on one tack, or back up and fill
the bilge, storage that rots its contents or dumps them on
the deck at the first wavelet. There is even a chapter on
hand tools and how to use them. The book is generally
considered the standard reference of the boatbuilder.
its single drawback is its age (first published in 1940) so
it misses the latest developments in materials. Still, it’s
the best I’ve seen for staying out of trouble.
[Reviewed by Christopher E. Prael
Suggested by everybody.]
Cap
Stanchion
Deka
Knight’s Modern Seamanship
Aubber compressor
Sali /f there’s a single book to have on board at sea, this updated
; classic is probably it. Everything from mooring to an ice MODERN
Guide shelf to port-tack-yields-right-of-way to minimizing hover
Depth of pocket
fo Fit sath
S Web strap
Gutter, drain
Cockpit
94. Cabin Windows
Cockpit
Deck Seuppers
time for boarding helicopters. _
$3 Wrong Way (U-bolt on Tension End)
Rorr Cuips
SEAMANSHIP
14th Edition
Knight's Modern Seamanship
Austin M. Knight; Rev. by Capt. John V. Noel, Jr.
1901... 1966; 610 pp.
$8.95 postpaid from:
Van Nostrand-Reinhold
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
3
$3
;
B op Be oO; es
Seyppers Cockpit Seuppers @ mare's tail ond may often be the forerunner of o storm as indicated in
1941; 624 pp. Right Way (U-bolt on Dead End) cma the tenga the wind of thet lve.
ee
$15.00 postpaid from: HANDLING WIRE ROPE
$5 Unsolved Ocea ic Problems of Interest to Mariners
New York, N. Y. 10003 isms used for food b
Hy lest Produ ss ow do some marine organisms u ‘or y man tolerate
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 33 om 3 and store poisons at concentrations harmful or lethal to man?
ee . . .
70 the boat owner/builder——or someone with a similar
cramped living space such as a VW camper bus, trailer,
The Glénans Sailing Manual 3 dome or tree house——West Products offers an excellent HH Why are there no sea fossils older than 100 million years?
B chance to order high quality fittings, tackle, rope, etc. at HH What is the cause of the sudden increase in radium content in
ss extremely low prices. Compare the usual Yacht Store
This is the closest we’ve seen to a definitive text on ee Say has = 3 ic regi
a : $ prices with West's for “Dacron” rope. $3; What are the enzyme systems that operate in the oceanic regions
small-boat sailing. Clearly illustrated. HH [Suggested and reviewed by Dr. Stephen htorris} HH of high pressure and perpetual low temperature?
+4 wed
gges se How do microscopic plants and animals (plankton), apparently
' one ss Catal ss helpless in the face of water movement, maintain themselves so
Sailing Manual HH regularly in their own specific regions?
1961; 448 pp. West Products Corp.
= $10.00 postpaid Box 707
Newark, N. J. 07101 STPA
John de Graff, Inc. ss ee ee 33 | Another marine discount catalog.
34 Oak Avenue 33
Tuckahoe, N. Y. 10707 \ Sho ing 3 Catalog
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG 100% DU PONT $.50.
portsman’s Trading Posts
eS HH TYPE 67 FIBER 8 Rockville Centre, N. Y. 11571
The Chinese gybe: MARINE ROPE Non-Fouling DAYLIGHT
if the sail manages to gybe before it is amid- $3 eS ~ ENTERS
across, while the upper half gets hung up : SKYLITES
by the cross-trees or by a batten catching ss Sea/Line marine “DACRON” rope is available in any length s:
on something, and stays on the original 3: you require: all orders are put up on shipping reels. Quantity 3
side. You can easily tear the sail. If this | price reductions usually occur for 300 and 600 foot incre- fH
mishap befalls you, there is — thing to HH ments. In-between lengths are priced accordingly. 1
do, and only one——gybe back to get on rH ss
the original tack. Anything else is 3 PRICE PER FOOT $3
bound to fail and will risk tearing
the sail. (It may be noted that ss catalog |
the term Chinese gybe is not a # 299 fr. | So9ft. over 100 ft,
reflection on Oriental seaman- ss rH
ship, which is of a very high order; = 12-303 | 3/16” | 1000 Ibs 2 Ibs.
the junk rig is designed to carry 12-304] 4" | 1800!bs| 4%¢|
q 12-306 | 3/8” | 3600 Ibs.| 11%¢] 11%¢] 11¢ 6 Ibs. 33 RUNS OUT SCUPPERS LUCITE BASE
12-307 | 7/16" | 5200 Ibs.| 15¢ 14%¢| 14¢ 8 Ibs. SUDBURY SKY VENT
Defender Industries 12-308 | | 6500 Ibs. | 18%¢| 18¢ | 9 Ibs. $3
12.310 | sve” | 100001bs.| 30¢ | 29¢ | Give your boat more light and fresh air. install this new, prac-
ss * ss tical creation—the Sudbury SKY-VENT. Rugged dome, molded of
: 12-312 | 3/4 14000 Ibs.| 42¢ 4146) 41¢ 19 Ibs. ss
If boating is your bag & you are a self-help enthusiast you $3. laminations of tough fibre glass, never needs painting unless
es
need the “Defender Industries’’ catalog of marine hardware
& accessories. If it has to do with boats, they have it:
engines to dacron sails, bilge alarms to fiberglass roving.
Included are pages of information on new products, application
procedures for some of the materials, construction & main-
tenance tips for boaters and apage devoted to “How to Build
a Fiberglass Boat.’’ Defender Industries claim that they are
“one of the most complete marine supply firms in the world.”
They say their prices are competitive and “should we be under-
sold on any current standard materials, you may place your
order at the lower price by merely including a tear sheet from
the cheaper source, and we will fill your order.”
[Suggested and reviewed by C. P. Christianson]
DAVIS SEXTANT
Catalog These sextonts are brand new ahd made of heavy $4950
gouge plastic to resist corrosion. m List $10,
rom: os pelervs te wee sextent as o A
Defender Industries, Inc. Mow with the herizen when H7S~/3 $2.75
384 Broadway by? Ay. suring RIGGING KNIFE
New York, N. Y. 10013
Stainless blade
Black handle
all stainless $1.75
you want to; is set over heavy plate of thick, transparent lucite
$3 that lets in light and air, yet keeps out rain and spray.
33 Stock # S.P. Ship. we.
13958 9-inch Sudbury Sky-Vent—each 42.75 29.95 4 Ibs.
33 13959 12-inch Sudbury Sky-Vent — each 71.25 54.95 6 Ibs.
13960 18-inch Sudbury Sky-Vent — each 99.95 74.95 10 ibs.
POLYHINGE
New concept in hinge. Made
of molded plastic that can
be punched, nailed, drilled -.
easily cut — Over 1,000,000
flexes show that Polyhinge
strength increases with use.
Has millons of uses — Home,
Marine & Industrial.
PRICE $.42¢ PER FOOT
4 ft. for $1.42
115
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Sight © Seme Errors You Shquid Know About © More
Includes instruction booklet NOKNIFE
—
‘
- Stick and Rudder
Subtitle: ‘An Explanation of the Art of
Flying.’ This book was written in 1944 and
is still, | understand, the basic flying book. f sine
Writing, illustration, comprehensivéness—it’s
@ full-throated classic. I’ve never flown a wy SS ly
plane, but I’ve flown other stuff, and every SS ZY
page glimmers with useful hints for every kind Ny,
of flight. Maybe some Sufi pilot would like The adverse yaw effect. Ailerons have two effects. White arrows: rolling effect is what S BS s wn" y Z A
to do an allegorical review of this profound. pilot wants. Black arrows: yawing effect is an undesired by-product of rolling effect. S = = S B Z =
book. Here, the pilot banks to (his) left, presumably in order to turn to the left, butthe SZY% a ZS
airplane at the same time yaws to (pilot’s) right. That’s why this yaw effect is called 4% =
Sti “adverse.” Pilot must kill this effect by using rudder. Zi “WW S__--”
1944: 389 — Hence the Angle of Attack cannot be seen simply “Wy WW ws ‘
; “ by looking out the window; in fact, it cannot be TI NSS
$8 95 ss seen at all! For remember, Angle of Attack is the Pe Te
e postpa angle at which the wing meets the air—and we can’t
see air. That is perhaps largely why flying is so much a's See, WHAT WE THINKS HE 1S DOING
of an art. In baseball the batter keeps his eye on “a55 9, DOING ad
the ball that he is going to hit. Flying is the art of 2 MALLS }
batting the air down with our wings; but in flying, g> 2 fil Wis, WHAT HE 18 ALES
our trouble is that we can’t see the air; hence we 3 “Wh
often fail to hit it right, and hence so many of us
break our necks. 4 288
Take your hands off a good airplane's stick, andit © £
will do @ good job of flying all by itself. Take your §%§~ 3%
from: feet off its rudder as well, and many airplanes wil! e Rs
McGraw-Hill Book even then do a fair job. The airplane has a built-in vd 3° e $0 fr ° om
Co. will of its own, and generally speaking it wantstodo £ sess
East: whatever is necessary to maintain healthy flight. Se23c, sere
Princeton Road sere
Hightstown, N.J. In actual practice most airplanes have a tendency to 2 2 Be
08520 hunt, This means that with the controls released, Se 5
Mid-continent: the ship will not fly at constant speed but will ae ss bt As you approach the ground you mustkeep your § §¢2
Manchester Road oscillate up and down, now dropping-itsmose, B eeoks vision relaxed and look all around; you must take in 3 29% Th
Manchester, Mo. 63062 building up speed, diving for perhaps 10,20, 30 5Sec> % te the whole scenery, the perspective of the hangars on 3 cs He
8171 Redwood Highway try to get rid of its excess speed, and go into a climb. 5sé8 & $3 : graph poles all around, the grass, the horizon; for it 2 2 2 5 o
‘Novato, CA 94947 In this climb, a bit too much speed is lost, and the & 3 2 8 5% is from the perspective and apparent motion of such 5 & 1 be
ship noses down again, to repeat the process. = £ £.£=5 __ things that you will get avivid perception of your £29 3
height; and a staring eye will not see what matters. — ® »
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG When you get tense, you will almost certainly stare; 2 2 rs $ $
approaching the ground, most students do get tense;
On wings it is safe to be high, dangerous to be low; that ted why the landing is so difficult for 3 FA £85
safe to go fast, dangerous to go slow. Generally most beginners. aA228sh
speaking, if you want the airplane to go up, you
point its nose up; but point its nose up a little too SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSESSSSSSS SSSA SSEESESESEEEES
t " and you go down in a stall or a spin, In FS sseesssesccccccsesesssssassessscsessesesssssssessseesesssssessses
landi irplane, it sink on the ss
end stay down, you move the controls much’ Fiving is done largely with one’s # Aeronautical Charts
as for an extreme upward zoom, in the glide, if imagination! If one’s images of the airplane are ss
you want to descend more steeply you point your correct, one’s behavior in the airplane will quite HH
sirplane’s nose down less steeply; it you went to naturally and effortlessly also be correct. 3: Mack Taylor is a friend who has a fondness §
- descend less steeply, you point the airplane's nose for the blank places on other people's contin-
= more And—most ents. He walks into them in his tennis shoes
contrariness of all—in emergencies, when the
_ airplane is sinking toward the ground in a ‘mush’ The pitfall of glide control: when doing the right thing, you get the wrong result first, : —_ — — — + acd eg
or falling in a stall or a spin, and you are afraid of ; : : d b s; Out and tells stories about ow the main
crashing into the ground, the only way to keep it the right result only later. Nosing the airplane up steepens the descent, but first causes 3: hazard in the jungle is dead-eye monkeys who ss
from crashing is to point its nose down and dive at a temporary ballooning. Nosing the oo a — the descent, but first # shit on you from the trees. Mack says that ew
the ground, as if you wanted to crash! Causes an extra sink. patient for a few seconds. Hy often the only maps with information in the HL
2/anks are the ONCs——Operational Navigation
Charts, available for 50¢ apiece. The Coast It
and Geodetic Survey Catalog of Aeronautical ar
3 33 other flight maps and publications. The co
A thorough run-down on new planes, prices, comparative 3 An objective rundown on what you can expect buying a i Catalog seems to be tre
performance, and what you'll be getting into for costs, 3 used plane is what you can expect from this sensible S free from: at
trouble, and advantages with an airplane. s: book. Besides information on purchasing and mainten- HH Distribution Division C-44 ri\
s: ance it gives comparative data (including price range) on rH Coast and Geodetic Survey M
3 the common light planes in the used market. AH Rockville, Md. 20852 Re
So You'd Like to Buy an Airplane! # 3 « Pu
Al Griffin HH 3 di
_ 1970; 330 pp. # BD-4
$7.95 postpaid HH # All reports are that this is the best homebuilt airplane on
:: 8; the market. With the 150 hp engine it seats four, has a Th
3 Used Plane Buying Hy useful load of 870 Ibs, cruising speed 170 mph, take-off run Ot
Guide # over 50 ft obstacle 900 ft, maximum range 1,200 miles. Ge
Fora new tailormade with similar performance you‘d pay 191
PP. $10,000 more. The kit is intelligently designed. $2
$2.45 postpaid [Suggested by John Shuttleworth]
fro
} New York, N. Y. 10022 3: 419 Park Avenue South 3s Wa
33 New York, N. Y. 10016 3 a
‘ or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG # or WHOLE # or |
3 EARTH
CATALOG
Cessna 180 and 185/Sky wagon HH HH
2,800 pounds (and 3,350 pounds) gross weight 3: HH
The versatile 180 is variously used as a flying truck and as a six- HH HH
place people plane. Powered by a six-cylinder 230 hp Continental $8 rH
0-470-R engine with a 7 to 1 compression ratio, the 1,535-pound 3: ss
high-wing with the tail wheel belies-its old-fashioned looks, witha $5 HH
top speed of 170 mph, 1,215-mile maximum range, 1,090 feet per HH ::
minute climb-out, and 19,600-feet service ceiling. The look-alike HH | 9
185/Skywagon does even better, with its 300 hp Continental ss : HH mM
10-520-D engine; it hits a top speed of 178 mph and is considerably $3 se s
better in useful weight capabilities——although it weighs only 40
pounds more than the model 180, the 185/Skywagon carries a ss SSSHSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSeSeSeeeeeeeeeesesseeseseS q se fig.
remarkable 1,775 pounds compared to the 180's 1,265-pound
payload. 3 ss Complete kit with 150 hp Lycoming engine: ey
Whether used as a flying bus or truck, the model is one of the rH For current buying information your best source is HH $5920.00 pius shipping |
toughest er planes going. Appointments in the cabin rH Trade-a-Plane, which carries equipment, materials, 3 with 180 hp
are far from lush, but they are designed to last under hard usage. ss parts, ; i . rH :
model 180 is priced at $17,950 and the 185/Skywagon at 3 $6600.00 pius shipping
21,375. Either version is also available as floatplane, amphibian,
$4.00 /yr. (3 times monthly) # Information Kits $3.50 postpaid
from:
Bede Homebuilts
355 Richmond Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44143
from:
Trade-a-Plane Service
Crossville, Tennessee
i
116
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The Explorers Trademart Log
This magazine is a couple years old now. After a period of
initial cuteness, it’s begun to focus directly on usefulness.
Like, exactly how to buy good surplus jeeps. Design of
the Eskimo igloo. Economics of a private plane. How to
buy public lands. Evaluation of canoes. Encouraging
wildlife. Winterizing your tipi.
[Suggested by Mack Taylor]
2 Be Expert with Map and Compass
5
5 > This is the standard introduction to map use. | agree with
-£ Heinlein that a map, like money, is one of the most potent
33 inventions of our Old Ones. The book includes a sample
‘ map for practice.
2 ~
BS rt with Map and Compass
jellstrom
1967; 136 pp.
$3.95 postpaid
from:
Stackpole Company
Cameron & Kelker Streets
| Harrisburg, PA 17105
5 or- WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
no
Hot Springs
jon
It seems incredible that there would be such a book. Here
al are map locations of all the known hot springs in the world,
y along with information on temperature, rate of flow, mineral
content, and whether commercial or wild. You could
travel the rest of your days from spring to spring, stopping
at the Tatapani springs, on the west bank of the Sunkasi
river (“3 springs forming small pool”) 50 miles northwest of
Mt. Everest, or the Hamman Quled Sidi Abdeli ancient
Roman baths, still flowing at 500 liters/minute, 81 F,
seseee 50 miles southwest of Oran, Algeria.
Published by the U. S. Geological Survey for a song, this
directory fails to mention the plastic ice-water afterlife
J that awaits those who mess up wild hot springs.
pO Thermal Springs of the United States and
Other Countries of the World—A Summary
Gerald Waring
1965; 383 pp.
from: United States ind Orher
Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D. C. 20402
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Explorers Trademart Log
$3.00 /year (bimonthly)
from:
. Explorers Trademart, Ltd.
Post Office Box 1630
Annapolis, Md. 21404
Countries of the World—
In summary, then, you can expect to
get a Jeep which is close to running
condition for around $600 at an open
auction. In the closed bid sale, which is
the usual type, you can expect to get
a Jeep for around $400-$500 with a few
sizeable chunks missing or around $200-
$300 with some major stuff missing,
like Say, the engine, or an axle and the
transmission. In all Sales, you can expect
that a lot of minor stuff like bolts,
brackets, cover plates, gearshift levers,
‘and the like, will be missing.
address to which to write is:
DoD Surplus Sales
P.O. Box 1370
Battle Creek, Michigan 49016
The
Out of Print
First tier of snowblocks
laid in place. Note how
tops of blocks are bev-
eled inward, Hole has
been dug before laying
blocks to allow builder
entry into igloo.
TRADEMART
] 0 the perennial question, ‘Is it
cheaper to fly your own plane?’’ the ans-
wer is, ‘It canbe, under certcin selective
circumstunces,.’’ According to anew FAA
report, “General Aviation Costs’’, if you
own @ Singlve-cngine four-seater and use
it 200 hours a year with all seats occu-
pied, the cost per passenger-mile (5.6
centS) may be slightly cheaper than al-
most any form of airline transportation.
It is still about twice as expensive as
operating an autumobile (2.75 cents a
seat/mile) assuming there are four per-
sons in the vehicle.
Compare map with landscape: Log
Chapel on correct side of road, road
ahead bending in proper direction,
etc. Map fits landscape, is ‘‘oriented.”
S. G. S. Maps
#3 /f youre interested in buying land or visiting remote areas
s; youll be using any maps you can get your hands on. The
s: United States Geological Survey publishes the most accurate
3 and detailed maps generally available for the U. S. (and
: possessions). Although some are a little dated, they
s consistently pack a lot of information into a fairly
understandable format. Besides contour intervals,
these maps indicate type of earth surface, roads, train
tracks and trails, buildings, mines and various land
marks; plus a whole lot of other stuff.
Two series of maps are available——i 5 minute quadrants
(approximately 1 inch equals 1 mile, with 80 feet contour
intervals, covering an area 14 x 18 miles); and 7.5 minute
quadrants (approx, 2” = 1 mi., 40’ contour, covers
7 x 9miles.). The 7.5 minute maps are more up-to-date
but have not been prepared for the whole country.
[Reviewed by Drew Langsner.]
U.S. G. S. also has Distribution Centers at:
ALASKA: Anchorage, Fairbanks, Juneau and Palmer
CALIFORNIA: Menlo Park and San Francisco
COLORADO: Denver
TEXAS: Dallas
UTAH: Salt Lake City
WASHINGTON: Spokane
Canadian Topo maps from:
Map Distribution Office
Dept. of Mining and Technical Surveys
615 Booth Street
Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA
Maps cost 50€ each and U.S. G. S. provides an index
3 map of any state free.
Thermal spri d wells in Argentina—Continued g pa
n
springs an sin Argentina ntinu #
No. Temper. Total $3 U.S. Geological Survey
on Name or location ature of | Flow (liters |dissolved| Principal chemical constituents Associated rocks Remarks and additional references rH Department of the Interior
fig. 15 water | per minute) | solids HH Washington, D. C. 2024¢
(°C) (ppm)
ss
sien in 1 ss Excellent 3-dimensional versions of the smallest scale U.S. G. S.
west by cattle. rmy Map service ':
A San Antonio Field Office
Totoritas, in La 26 | Water used for bething. Building 4011
Pismauta, S kp wot @@ 400; 356 | Ne, free Paleozoic strata. .......... 2 Pe on Ft. Sam Houston, Texas 78234
58 Quebrada de Huaco (Hedi- | 21-25 100 2,300- | Na, SO4; much free H28.........| Paleozoic limestone. ------ Several springs. Ly of sul- ss
onda) 2,868 fur. on ater used bathing
| Moder - | Na, 80,, Cl; free Tertiary(?) deposits... Water used locally. HH
ately es
high :
((
www
f ‘ ‘ /
/ e's pa Hues . H
é .
Travelers’ Directory
Works like this: you have a 56-page directory of other
outlaws you can stay with during your travels, and since
you're in the book (or you don’t get one) they have
*
Sole-Saver
Black gick you paste on the bottom of your shoes to make
them last forever. Looks particularly useful for moccasins.
We like it. | see one of the suppliers also recommends it
access to you. Send a 100-word description of yourself for knee patches.
and your services and $3 is how to get into it. Listings
are 2/5 female, 3/5 male. [Suggested by Leslie Schockner]
[Suggested by David Schoengold]
Travelers’ Directory - %pint $2.25
$3 00 Pint $3.95
postpaid from:
Peter Kacalanos Quart $5.95
51-02 39th Avenue
Woodside, New York 11377
from:
Carpet Products Company
P. O. Box “S”
*
Cheap Travel
Two undistinguished but helpful books on international
travel at low cost. :
Icelandic Airlines has been the pioneer of low-cost, Trans-Atlantic
air transportation. Since 1952 Icelandic (Lofteidir in the Icelandic
language) has consistently offered the lowest fares of any regularly
scheduled airline between the U.S.A. and Europe.
e
...1| feel Icelandic’s regular round-trip New York-Luxembourg fare
of $319 offered from August 4 through May 31 (to Europe) and
September 25 to July 21 (returning) is a remarkable bargain and
one of the best buys available anywhere. This bargain is good
for a year with no minimum stay or weekend restrictions.
Air Travel Bargains !
The new Japan Air Lines $400 round-trip Bulk
Inclusive Tour fare from the U.S. West Coast to
Tokyo is an incredible bargain. There will be some
ene saving tours to Expo 70 based on this
Air Travel Bargains
118 |
[Suggested by Nancy Schimmel]
Central Square, N.Y. 13036
Manufacturer is Edward Schlosser Associates, Inc.,
Ridgefield Park, N. J.
Grosset & Dunlap, Inc.
Michelin Maps and Guides
If youre gadding about Europe or Africa these are the
standard maps ($.75-$1.50) and guides ($3-$4.50).
[Suggested by Joe Godwin] :
Catalogs
free
from:
Michelin Tire Corporation
P.O. Box 217
Woodside, N. Y. 11377 °
you stand on the road’s shoulder. One chapter gives a
How to Travel Without Being Rich # Hitchhiker's Handbook
Norman D. Ford se
1969; 179 pp. 3
$2.50 , :: /f you want to hitchhike around and about the U.S., here’s
-V postpaid $3 @ great guide. Most people think hitchhiking is illegal,
from: ss but the author explains you‘re not breaking the law IF
51 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10010
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Air Travel Bargains
Jim Woodman
1970; 320 pp.
$2.50 postpaid
from:
Simon & Schuster, Inc.
630 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10020
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Rule: the travel value of any fare is determined by
“ «je the number and variety of places you can visit at no
extra cost en route to your destination. The more
_ indirect and round-about your route, the greater
value you receive from any fare.
How to Travel Without Being Rich
London —Istanbul: Direct Orient Express $70 second class
Istanbul— Ankara: Taurus Express 5 second class
Ankara—Erzerum, Turkey: local train 10 second class
Erzerum—Teheran, Iran: TBT or Mihantour bus 12
Teheran —Meshed, Iran: rail
Meshed—Yousouf Abad, Iran: bus 1
Yousouf Abad—Herat, Afghanistan: Afghan Mail bus service 4
Herat —Kandahar—Kabul, Afghanistan: Afghan Mail bus service 4
Kabul—Peshewar, Pakistan: Afghan Mail bus service 3
Peshewar—Lahore, Pakistan: express bus 2.50
Lahore—Ferozepur, India: local buses 1
Ferozepur —New Delhi, India: Punjab Mail train 6.50 first class
New Delhi—Calcutta, India: Toofan Express train 13.35 first class
Calcutta—Madras, India: Howrah—Madras Mail train 15.20 first class
Madras—Penang, Malaysia: B.I. Line or Shipping Corp. of India 74-
Penang—Bangkok, Thailand: International Express train 25 second class
Bangkok—Kobe, Japan: Messageries Maritimes Line 155 tourist class
Kobe—Tokyo, Japan: Kodama Express train
Total: London to Tokyo
8 second class
$417.55
ss summary of the hitching laws, state by state. Another is
ss the diary of two 17-year-old thumbers. It gives you an
8: idea of the problems you'll have, the fun, and what types
3 of people you'll meet. The paperback tells you how to
3 hitchhike successfully, where to sleep, what to carry,
3 and how to enjoy an American thumbing tour. Hitchhiking
3 girls will get some ideas too. The author has been hitch-
ss hiking for 11 years.
[Suggested and reviewed by Mike McFadden]
Hitchhiker’s Handbook
Tom Grimm
1970; 72 pp.
$1.95 postpaid
from:
Vagabond Press Ltd.
P.O. Box 83
Laguna Beach, CA 92652
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
83 Don’t use your thumb to hitchhike. Use a sign instead. Before
s drivers stop they like to identify the hitchhiker and know where
$2 he is going. Put the fact in words——and indicate your destination.
ss For example, “Student to California’. That tells a driver what
HH he wants to know, and you will get more rides.
... There are many ways to make a sign. | think the best type is
ss made of oilcloth. You can buy a 1 x 4 foot piece at any hardware,
ss Variety or dime store for less than 50 cents. Then make the letters
82 on the sign with a roll of colored self-sticking tape, or buy a can
$3 of quick-drying paint. An oilcloth sign will be waterproof and
HH will not be ruined when it rains.
Besides your sign, the next best thing for getting a ride is a smile.
That's right, a smile. Too many hitchhikers look bored and un-
happy. Instead, try to look like you are enjoying what you're
doing, even if the weather is hot, the road dusty, and you have
been waiting for an hour for a ride.
Don’t wear sunglasses while trying to get a lift. A motorist likes
to see your eyes. And be sure to look directly back at him.
a
LATEST STUPENDOUS EDITIC :
Since A.D. 1905 the hig CCAR) Cagney,
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THE
» | | BOOK
OF
SURVIVAL
Anthony Greenbank
FIG. 64: Making footgear
FIGHTING DRUNK
The Book of Survival and The Survival Book *
One barometer of people’s social confidence level is the sales of books on survival. | can report that sales on The
Survival Book are booming; it’s one of our fastest moving books. What's weird is that it’s almost pure romance to
buy The Survival Book, which is an excellent handbook for Air Force pilots downed in remote regions. The other
book we list, The Book of Survival, /s far more practical and far better organized. The threats it deals with are
closer and realler: burning buildings, freaked humans, speeding cars, dogs, floods, electricity, poison——genuine
homely hazards. From what we can see, people are less interested in survival and more interested in the return of
the frontier or maybe a sudden desert island. Fat chance.
The Book of Survival SELF-PRESERVATION
Anthony Greenbank Crushed in crowd
1967, 223 pp. Aim to ride like buoy in rough sea — where tide is
$.95 postpaid
Kidney and head protection
When lying on the ground and being kicked try to keep
rolling, shielding parts being kicked with arms. BUT always
protect head as priority. Clasp base of skull with both hands,
bring wrists across ears and side of head and press elbows
together. Bring knees up, crossing ankles to save genitals.
In all attacks it pays to shout/gasp/yell more than you need:
Feign pain. Especially when on receiving end (lying on ground
and being kicked). Attacker may be satisfied sooner when
yOu appear in agony.
Hit hard in stomach and this may make him sick.
*
Survival Evasion and Escape
Here’s one for our customers who plan to jump bail or
escape from jail. Thoughtfully prepared by the U.S. Army. - He }
Three-fourths of the book is about living off the land, with — = hh
edible plants illustrated in color. Pretty damn good book. Pt
from:
The New American Library, Inc.
1301 Avenue of the Americas
New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
FIG. 10: Spring and buoy position in surging
crowd
Final consolation: a REAL ghost...
(a) Will disappear if you @pproach it.
(b) Can do you no physical harm because it leaves
nothing earthly——not even messages or footprints.
H (c) Will not cast a shadow; will look quite substantial rather
; : than misty; will not ignore you; will not carry:its head
\f involved in brawl, drunks can offer astoundingly strong grip. tucked under an arm.
(d) Is all in YOUR mind anyway.
f— SECTION — >_
— OF SNOWORIFT = —
Survival, Evasion, and Escape
1957, 1965; 1969; 430 pp. “s
FM No. 21-76
$3.50 postpaid
from: /
Superintendent of Documents ING PL
U. S. Government Printing Office SOLO AIR LEVEL
Washington, D. C. 20402
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG area
Casting frequently is used on washbowls, metal fittings, metal containers
and some window and roof construction.
Frequently the duplication of buttons, insignia, seats, medals, etc., :
is necessary to complete an evasion disguise. Casting these items b. Make a mold by using ~~ soap or a large potato. The material
in soft metal generally is the best method, and the procedures used is cut in half, and half of the design is cut into each piece so
ng involved require very simple materials . that when fitted together the hollowed-out parts will have the form
desired. In all molds, a hole must be made in one side through which
a. Lead, solder, and zinc are the easiest and most common materials t@ POur the metal; a small hole is made in the other side to allow air
to work with. Lead can be obtained from pipe or plumbing fittings, t® escape. Molds made of clay should be baked to harden. After
from around underground electrical wire, and from leaded window _-being poured and allowed to cool, finish the casting by trimming
frames. Solder may be melted from the seams of tin cans. Zinc with a knife or file and painting or polishing as appropriate.
Catalog
free
from:
WILDERNESS
SURVIVAL KIT
STANDARD KIT
FISHING & SNARE PACKET
FIRE STARTING PACKET
FIRST AID PACKET
COOKING PACKET
SIGNAL MIRROR + COMPASS
WHISTLE MANUAL.+ KNIFE
LST INCORPORATED
4530S ROSWELL
PORTLAND, OREGON 97206
$7. 50
*
Life Support Technology, Inc.
The most sophisticated survival kits and equipment.
Designed for bush pilots and the like.
[Suggested by Alan Kalker]
Life Support Technology, Inc.
4530 S. E. Roswell St.
Portland, Oregon 97206
10 Ounce Standard Model Naiis (3)
M2/f “Economy” Aeronautic Life Support Unit $89.50
CONTENTS Plastic Whistle (1) Candle (1)
Canvas Carrying Case 550 Parachute Cord (50 feet) Plastic Sheeting (9’ x 12’)
(Converts to Cold Weather Mukiuks) Gill Net (1) Fishing Kit (1)
Felt Pads (2- 12’ x 12’) Fire Start (3) Sewing Kit (1)
Freeze-dry Rations (5 cans) Aluminum Foil (15” x 24’’) Surgical Tubing (4 feet)
Hard Candy (5 packages) Wire Saw (1) Hacksaw Blade (1)
Cooking Container (1) Hudson Bay Hatchet (1) Pencil (1)
Snare Wire (15 feet) Plastic Canteen (1) Rescue Blanket (1)
Matches (20) Pilots Signal Mirror (1) Slingshot Pouch (1)
Plastic Match Box (1) Silva Compass (1) “tinyMIGHT” Aerial Signaling
Repair Tape (10 feet) Mosquito (insect) Repellent (1) Device w/6 Aerial Flares
Sharpening Stone (1) Mosquito Headnet (1) Fusee Flares (2)
Tissue (1) Wilderness Survival Manual (1)
Boy Scout Pocket Knife (1) Plastic Spoons (2)
Shipping Weight: 11 pounds
The Survival Book
Paul Nesbitt,
Alonzo Pond,
William Allen
1959; 338 pp.
$1.95 postpaid from:
Funk and Wagnall's
380 Madison Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10017
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Exrectep Days or Survivat at Various Environmental
AND witn Varyinc Amounts oF WATER
Max. daily Available water per man, U.S. quarts
in shade
temperature,°F| 0 1 2 4 10 20
110 3] 35] 4] S|] 7
3 100 5 55] 6] 7 | 95} 13.5
— 90 7] 8 | 9 | 105] 15 | 23
80 9 | 1) | 13 19 | 29
70 10 | 1 | 12 | 14 | 205] 32
9 | 19 | | 12 | 14 32
50 10 | 1 | 12 | 145) 21 | 32
“| 120 2
Ea & 110 2 2 28] 3 3.5
SE 100 3 | 35) 35) 45) 55
Zens 90 5 | 55} 65] 8
80 75) 8 | 95) 115
70 7.5] 8 9 | 10.5] 13.5
8 | as} 9 | 14
«8 | 685] 9 |
DO'S AND DONT’S FOR THE TRAVELER IN
ARABIAN DESERTS
Here are a few of the most important don’t's. In general they
apply to.the deserts everywhere.
Don’t reprimand an offender in front of other people.
Don’t draw sand pictures or maps with your foot—stoop down
and draw with your right hand.
Don’t swear at a native.
Don’t expose the soles of your feet to others. Sit tailor
fashion or on your heels.
Don't ask about a man’s wife.
Don’t throw a coin at a man’s feet. That is insulting.
Don't try to gamble. it is forbidden.
And here are a couple of Do’s worth remembering.
Do have patience when dealing with desert people.
Do act friendly.
*
Bibliography of Basic Survival
For survival buffs.
An Annotated Bibliography of Basic Survival,
Combat Survival, and Counterinsurgency
Donald T. Krizek and Edward V. Saunders
1963; 158 pp. ADTIC Publication G-110
$2.60 from:
Arctic, Desert, Tropic Information Center
Aerospace Studies Institute
Maxwell Air Force Base
Alabama 36112
U. S. Army. Camouflage: Basic Principles and Field Camouflage.
FM 5-20. Department of the Army. Washington 25, D. C.
Jan. 1959. 253 p. incl. illus., maps, figs., tables, refs., index.
The latest publication prepared on the subject of camouflage and
intended as a guide for military personnel on camouflage doctrine
and on methods of applying camouflage in the field.
The manual covers the basic principles of camouflage; the factors
of recognition; geographic factors affecting camouflage; and methods
of camouflage. Methods for applying camouflage in the field are
described and expedients are suggested for camouflaging the fol-
lowing items: individuals, weapons, vehicles, aircraft, anti-aircraft
and field artillery, guided missle firing positions, installations,
pioneer and hasty airfields, landing sites, bivouacs, supply points,
field fortifications, and other objects and installations. In addition,
information on camouflage nets and net sets, drape-type, including
component parts listings and erection procedures is presented.
The manual also describes the basic principles and methods for
the effective use of camouflage to deny essential target information
to the enemy. The material presented is applicable to both nuclear
and non-nuclear warfare.
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Learning
*
How to Parent
So many child psychology books leave an unsure new parent
more anxious or even guilty feeling. This one builds con-
fidence.
How to Parent is both a practicable review of child psychology
and an excellent catalog of toys, books, records, equipment,
parental survival, and inexpensive do-it-yourself materials and
projects useful in a child’s physical, onnatienal and intellectual
development.
The text concentrates on the different stages of development
from birth to six years, offering the most basic findings of
behavioral science in relation to each stage, and usable
advice on how to help a child structure his self-concept to
become a self regulating person. Most important, the author
insists the application of these findings and advice be guided
by the feel of childhood——a contact with the child within
you that you once were, and that parents must have the
wisdom to follow their own hearts, no matter what the
“experts” say.
[Reviewed\by Faye Kesey]
Note: When you get this book, disregard the publisher’s
remarks on the dust jacket. They are false.
How to Parent from:
Fitzhugh Dodson Nash Publishing
1970 9255 Sunset Boulevard
Los Angeles, CA 90069
$6.95 postpaid
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Creative Playthings
Community Playthings
* Childcraft
Creative Playthings Catalog
Five free catalogs of kid stuff. free
from:
Creative Playthings
Princeton, New Jersey
Community Playthings Catalog
free
from:
Community Playthings
Rifton, N. Y. 12471
Childcraft Catalog
free
from:
Childcraft Education Corp.
P. O. Box 94
Bayonne, N. J. 07002
Childlife Catalog
free
from:
Childlife Play Specialties, Inc.
1640 Washington Street \
Holliston, Massachusetts 01746
Edu Vision Catalog
free
from:
Edu Vision Co., Inc.
682 Union Avenue
Westbury, N. Y. 11590
How Children Learn
This rambling series of innocent everyday happenings iv a
bevy of pre schoolers is described, digested, and given
educational depth by an extremely observant and articulate
educator, Mr. Holt. The great strength of his book is its
readibility. His use of preschooler learning situations is
ingenious, since it is a common reference point to all
teachers and parents. Anyone who doesn’t see toddlers in a
different light after reading this book probably ought to
write a book himself.
How Children Learn
John Holt
1967; 192 pp.
$2.25 postpaid
from:
Pitman Publishing Corp.
20 East 46th Street
New York, N. Y. 10017
120
[Reviewed by Carol Guyton Goodell]
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
You may be able to toilet train,e child who is less than a year old,
but you are going to have tapay a psychological price for
training that early. Personally, | don’t think the price is worth
it.
Let's be very clear: y..u cannot spoil an infant, Cuddle your
infant as much as you. want; you won't spoil him. Feed him as
often as he’s hungry yqu won't spoil him. Sing and coo to him
as much as you wart; won't spoil him. Pay attention to him
as often ashe cries y 9: won't spoil him. The best things that
can happen to your Laby, psychologically speaking, is to have as
many of his needs gratified and to have as few frustrations as
possible. His ego or sense of selfhood is too tender and immature
to be able to cope with much frustration now. There will be
plenty of time for life to teach him about frustrations when he
is older.
Books are far inferior in effectiveness to what a mother can do to
stimulate the language development of a child. Continue the “‘label
the environment” game that you started in the stage of infancy. You
can do this wherever you are with him. Point to objects in the house
and name them for him. When you are riding in the car, you can
point out and name objects that you are passing: truck, tractor,
house, church.
We may say, “Now that was a bright thing to do, wasn’t it?’’ or
“How could you be so dumb?” or “Haven't you got any sense?”’
Each time we unleash one of these belittling statements we are
chipping away at our child’s self-concept.
Threats deal with the future, but children live in the present.
Therefore, threats are useless in improving the future behavior
of a child.
Mother is hurt and furiously accusatory: “Willie-—you promised!”
She doesn’t know that promises are meaningless to children. A
promise, like its older brother, a threat, deals with the future. But
small children live only in the present. If a child is a sensitive
youngster, extracting a promise from him will merely teach him
to feel guilty if he breaks it. Or, if he is not so sensitive, it will
merely teach him to be cynical, and substitute verbal behavior
for true behavior change.
Hammer Ball™
Baby Pool Seat
D
If
R. DODSON’S WHIZ-BANG, SUPE R-ECONOMY PARENT'S
SURVIVAL KIT
you have skimmed over this entire list of books, your reaction
right now may be: “‘Wow! I'd like to buy scads of those books, but
my family budget won't stand it!"’
| have considered that very im-
portant financial factor and come up with the following list of
thirteen paperback books which will form a basic home library for
parents at the relatively modest cost (considering today’s inflation)
of only $11.60 for all of them. Here they are:
NOM & PR
11.
12.
13.
Serge Bright-colored wooden balls, hammered from
es Pees the top, drop into the box and reappear in
the chute below, ready to be replaced on top
and pounded down again and again.
1 Ib. 8 oz.
i
The child sits comfortably in this pool seat,
able to kick and splash in complete safety.
Polystyrene foam with fabric suspension
at. 4\lb. UP605M $5.50
Baby and Child Care, Benjamin Spock (Pocket Books), $.95.
How to Give Your Child a Good Start in Life, Leland Glover
(Collier, 1962). $.95.
The Intelligent Parents Guide to Raising Children, Eve Jones
(Collier, 1961). $.95.
How to Guide Your School-Age Child, Leland Glover (Collier,
1965). $.95
Between Parent and Child, Haim Ginott (Avon, 1969), $1.25.
Child Behavior, Frances tig and Louise Bates Ames (Dell, 1960). $.60,
A He Child’s Play, Arnoid Arnold (Essandess Special Edition, 1968).
50.
Play Therapy, Virginia Axline (Ballantine, 1969). $1.25.
A Parent’s Guide to Children’s Reading, Nancy \.arrick
(Pocket Books, 1969), $.50.
A Parent’s Guide to Children’s Education, Nancy Larrick
(Pocket Books, 1963), $.50.
Summerhill, A. S. Neill (Hart, 1966), $1.95.
Accident Handbook, Children’s Hospital (Children’s Medical
Center [300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts] , 1950)
25.
A Parent’s “wat to Better Baby-sitting, Faye Cobb (Pocket
Books, 1963), $.5
TOTAL COST: $11.60
UT802 $4.50
Items shown here are from the
Creative Play things Catalog.
top, 5%” long.
Gyrosphere™
Rylands.
My aim in writing it is not primarily to persuade educators and
psychologists to swap new doctrines for old, but to persuade them to
look at children, patiently, repeatedly, respectfully, and to hold off
making theories and judgments about them until they have in their
minds what most of them do not now have—a reasonably accurate
model of what children are like.
actually by now | remember the
telling of it rather than the event
itself—was of playing in the park
with a friend my own age—about
soun nor
CHILDREN
clear blue sky hit me in the head
stood, then or later, why he hit
powering urge to see what would
happen.
Bill Hull once said to me,
“\f we taught children to
speak, they'd never learn.”
| thought at first he was
joking.
One of my earliest recollections—
Visi-Tune'’ Hurdy-Gurdy
Turn the crank, hear the music, watch the
B playing mechanism as it works. An enchant-
ing see-into 18-note Swiss music box that
can’t be overwound. Lovely wood, plastic
8 oz.
Gentle turning of the plastic sphere sets the
inner top into rapid motion. Fascinating,
even mysterious. Designed by Patrick
70z. UR278 $2.50
UMS824 $4.00
When, through such play and fantasy, the children had taken these
materials into their minds, mentally swallowed and digested them, so
to speak, they were then ready and willing to play very complicated
games, that in the more organized and businesslike situation had left
other children completely baffied. This proved to be so consistently
true that the experimenters made it a rule always to let children have
a period of completely free play with the materials, before asking
them to do directed work with them.
three, perhaps four—who out of a
with his toy shovel. We had been
playing peacefully; | never under-
Year after year we would see the same thing happen. Here would be
a boy in the third or fourth grade who seemed so hopelessly clumsy,
unathletic, and ignorant of all the rules and skills of baseball that it
looked as if he could never learn to play. Two years later that same
boy. would be a competent and often an expert player—and many of
me. Perhaps it was this same over-- them did almost all their playing at school. They learned, as! say, by
watching the older boys who did it best, and trying to do what they
did.
As a matter of fact, they learned, on the whole, much better than the
boys at another school, at which | taught, where there was far more
Play space, more time given to sports, and where teachers tried to
teach softball. The boys in this school spent a good deal of their
sports time standing around watching while someone ‘explained’
something to them.
R
°
=
|
3
ak
‘
$.60.
68).
How to Live with your Special Child
No sweet romance here. Written mainly for teachers &
mainly about children suffering from various forms of
weirdness, it speaks to us all. Peculiar & powerful.
Refreshingly skipping the theory in this book, he tells
you what to do to make kids act better. Simple. Far
out. Offensive! | ain’t sure why, but / do think everyone
should read it; in fact | downright ache for revolution in
our schools, he makes it seem so possible, and because
| remember all those thousands of hours that | spent
in grade school watching the clock, waiting for recess
or lunch or to go home.
Waiting: for anything but school.
My teachers could easily have ridden with Jesse James
for all the time they stole from me.
Richard Brautigan
Rommel Drives on Deep Into Egypt
[Reviewed by Diana Shugart.
Suggested by George von Hilsheimer]
How to Live with your Special Child
George von Hilsheimer
1970; 272 pp.
$7.50 postpaid
from:
Acropolis Books
Colortone Building
2400 17th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20009
cannot over-emphasisze
how important this book is.°*
-John Holt
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
Drownproofing
“Well, |’ve
fallen in the water, now I’m supposed to start drowning.”
The product of most warnings about water is:
New program. “No need to drown.” Sinkers, non-swimmers,
cripples, children; cramped, exhausted, injured, no rescue
in sight. “No need to drown.”
The book is sufficient for you to learn or teach the techniques
appropriate for floaters, sinkers, and sundry special circum-
stances. Good medicine for anxious parents. Teach your
kids and yourself and stop worrying.
Drownproofing
Fred Lanoue
1963; 112 pp.
$4.95 postpaid
Prentice Hall
Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 07632 HH
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG _ $3.66 from Blackwell's (see p. 79) #3
Panic makes you throw your head back, reach up, make gurgling ss
noises, horrible faces and kick and wave your arms frantically. se
None of these moves will do you the slightest good. Now is the rH
time to learn the following, because this is what really makes ss
drownproofing work:
se
Whether your nose and throat are full of water from lips to ss
stomach, the stroke or the kick will always get you to the 3:
surface . 3
If you do i it in the same manner as you had been ‘doing it, if rH
you blow out through your nose, with your lips clamped rH
tightly together as you break the surface with another kick rH
or stroke, whether air or water comes out, you will be some- $3
what relieved and you will be ready for the inhale. 3
If your eyes are open and 7f you inhale through your mouth, 3
whether you end up with all air, half air and half foam, you HH
will be better off, and if you continue the cycle, no matter =
how much water you shipped, things will get better much sooner es
than you think.
ss
If this procedure is stuck to and mastered, 90 percent of those $3
involuntary swallows of water will be forgotten three cycles ss
(15 seconds) later. The other 10 percent may take 10 cycles to 33
completely recover from, but if you force yourself to repeat the ss
cycle properly, you are sure to be all right. What counts is that po]
you get yourself out of trouble. HH
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Scissors kick
There is very good evidence that reducing the pressures on childish
and adolescent offenders reduces the incidence of their failures.
For example, kids who drop out of school are urrvsicd more often
while they are in school. Dropouts do nut commit more crimes
than kids who remain in school. There are more juvenile crimes
committed on school nights than on weekends. The evidence
indicates that the successful middle class child who also commits
crimes carries Out much more destructive and serious offenses
than dropouts and lower class offenders.
An ideal elementary classroom has at least two teachers, and often
involves as many as ten at one time (by teachers of course | mean
volunteers, aides and ‘‘real’’ teachers——al!l used to advance the
transactions of learning and not just for janitorial, nursing and
secretarial tasks). The number of students can be more than thirty
or so. The room should be large and ideally has an easily accessible
half-second-story for reading and solitary quiet study or withdrawal
for sleep or sloth. (‘'l! dolce fariente’’——sweet do nothing, is
really useful in the class.) The main room is organized with formal
foci——messy corners, neat book corners, production corners and
display corners. A separated or semi-separated area for noisy,
messy corners, neat book corners, production corners and display
corners. A separated or semi-separated area for noisy, messy,
destructive and constructive shop work, biology or what have you
is also ideal.
We have been impressed by the almost total inability of troubling
adolescents to express or accept positive emotions. We have been
amazed to see how seldom such children touch themselves or
others, at how little physical flexibility even the best of them have,
at how limited is their ability at nonverbal kinetic communication,
how poor their mimetic ability, and how congested their emotions.
We are often sent children with histories indicating many rage
experiences. We never see this behavior more than once or twice at
our centers (probably because we simply restrain and ignore it in a
very blunt and matter of fact way) and the few initiating times we
do see it, it appears to us much more as display and histrionics than
emotional expression. .. .
We believe that touching is so important that we actually run a
“love-up”’ rota of staff in our elementary residential programs.
Even the most wooden staff member is received with delight.
Each child is tickled, rubbed, fondled, patted and kissed good-
night with special words of affection and joy. | am always impressed
at the willingness of otherwise tough and aloof teenage criminals to
accept this “baby” treatment. Our experience is sufficiently con-
vincing that we persist in touching those teenagers who strongly
reject touching. The weaker staff is not encouraged to take on
these kids but strong staff members will tease and ridicule the
aloofness and pursue and persist in touching.
The important principle is to bring new experiences, or present old
experiences from a new angle. Don’t wall them in with words by
talking about the experience, analyzing, or introducing. Encourage
the children to talk, talk, talk, describe, describe, write, write, write
after the experience. Don’t grade the productions. What you are
trying to teach is responsiveness, transaction with the environment,
observation analysis, reportage. Accuracy, style and grammar will
come. Very quickly too. 3
The Lives of Children
For some months, when speaking to teachers or to anyone
else concerned with education, | have said that while there
were many recently published books on education (my own
among them) that | thought they should read, if they felt
they had time for only one it should be The Lives of Children.
It is by far the most perceptive, moving, and important
book on education that | have ever read, or indeed ever
expect to. For while | hope that in years to come we may
learn much about human growth and development that we
do not now know, | doubt that any one book will advance
our understanding as much as this one.
/t describes the lives of twenty-three children in the small
:: private school in New York in which Dennison taught,
and which has since been disbanded. They were black,
white, and Puerto Rican in equal proportions. All were
poor, half were on welfare, and about half “had come to
us from the public schools with severe learning and
behavior problems.” . . . This school, spending no more
mohey per pupil than the city’s public schools, did not fail.
The children got well, grew, learned.
[Suggested and reviewed by John Holt. This review is
excerpted, at John Holt’s request, from his review in
Oct 9N. Y. Review of Books.
The Lives of Children
1000308 Dennison li the
children
Dennison
Vintage Books, Inc.
201 E. 50th Street
New Y ork, N.Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
. [the children’s] self-interest will lead them into positive
relations with the natural authority of adults, and this is
much.to be desired, for natural authority is a far cry from
authority that is merely arbitrary. Its attributes are obvious:
adults are larger, are experienced, possess more words, have
entered into prior agreements among themselves .
When all this takes on a positive instead of a merely negative
character, the children see the adults as protectors and as sources
of certitude, approval, novelty, skills. In the fact that adults
have entered into prior agreements, children intuit a seriousness
and a web of relations in the life that surrounds them. ... These
two things, taken together—the natural authority of adults and
the needs of children—are the great reservoir of the organic
structuring that comes into being when arbitrary rules of order
are dispensed with.
Difficult children can be induced to enjoy Basic English by giving
them something pompously moralistic to translate; or first show
them a translation of some pompous moralizing, then give them
another to have a go at. Translating the ideas of politicians and
educational philosophers is always great fun.
Conditioned Acceleration of Responses by Relief of Aversion
(CARRA). We use CARRA with a simple electric stimulator.
We tell the pupil that we are going to turn on a mild tingle and
then increase it. We will turn it off when the pupil makes a new
response to the category we are asking for. For example: ‘I!
want you to tell me something you might say to your mother
when you wake up in the morning. Each time tell me something
different.”
When we get a response that is not a repetition we immediately
turn the current off. It can be done without electric stimulation
but no one seems to mind very much and it works a great deal
more quickly. For many kids, switching on a red light seems to
work just as well (inward kids who are quiet, with downcast
eyes, and sullen kids mostly). For others, simply driving an answer
with verbal encouragement and direction will work. The advantage
of electric reinforcement is that it is simple, matter of fact, unavoid-
able, and does not require verbal skill on the part of the teacher or
aide. Also we seem to build up a tolerance for electric stimulation
which in general seems to correlate quite well with general stability
in the nervous system. In addition, the conditioning model is more
precise and we seem to get a spill-over of conditioning for anxiety
relief and a sense of being in control of the anxiety-producing
stimulus.
The routine goes only about five minutes and any category is stopped
as soon as it becomes a bit sticky for the student to think of some- +
thing new. We are not trying to punish the child or test him.
e
Charles Stack has been having Puerto Rican janitors (preferably
with little or no English) bring teaching machines into cells with
young criminals. The janitor gets it across that the machine is
supposed to teach the kids. He also gets it across that since it is
the machine's job to tvach, if the kid makes a mistake the machine
will give him a dime for having wasted his time.
Nearly everyone rubs'their eyes at this point. The machine gives
the student a dime if the student makes a mistake because the
machine has not done its job’ and taught him. These young criminals
do not work to make mistakes or to make dimes. No one has to
con these kids into the advantages of knowing. They do quite well
for themselves if the social consequences and structures of the
teaching process are changed. Many of these hoods work for hours
at a time on the machines and graduate from jai! to college.
Making the Human Garden Work
BIOLOGICAL inventory and regulation. It is stupid if noz immoral
to fail a hypoglycemic patient by not regulating his glucose supply.
His brain had better be able to function before we offer him the
choice of setting his own bedtime, regulating his own diet or
learning how to read. A remedial diet often tells the whole story.
BOUNDARIES that are firm, clear, consistent and real. The child
knows what and whom he can depend upon. It really doesn’t seem
to matter very much if the boundaries are actually fair, although it
is nicer if they are. Sometimes, as the farmer said, a muleheaded
client requires an attention-getting device like a two-by-four
applied suddenly between the eyes. Tough, honest language often
does it. After gaining his attention we give him a list of things to do,
and we say, “Choose one.” (At last analysis about ten per cent of
Our students were mules.)
TIME to relax, regularize, recuperate. The patient is almost cer-
tainly under chronic high arousal, has difficulty sleeping, is quick
to startle, overreacts and has a badly regulated metabolism.
A good deal of doing nothing is often the first prescription.
GOOD SLEEP.
3 CC'PETENT people who are warm, touching, friendly.
S Everything else is aesthetics.
Here we come to one of the really damaging myths of education,
namely, that learning is the result of teaching, that the progress
of the child bears a direct relation to methods of instruction and
the internal relationships of curriculum. . . To cite these as the
effective causes of learning is wrong. The causes are in the child.
When we consider the powers of mind of a healthy eight-year-old
—the avidity of the senses, the finesse and energy of observation,
the effortiess concentration, the voracious memory—we realise
immediately that these powers possess true magnitude in the
general scale of things.... Why is it, then, that so many children
fail? Let me put it bluntly; it is because our system of public
education is a horrendous, life-destroying mess.
There is no such thing as learning (as Dewey tells us) except in
the continuum of experience. But this continuum cannot survive
in the classroom unless there is reality of encounter between the
adults and the children. The teachers must be themselves, not
play roles. They must teach the child, and not teach ‘‘subjects.””
. The continuum of experience and reality of encounter are
destroyed in the public schools (and most private ones) by the
very methods which form the institution itself . . .
Jose’s reading problem is Jose. Or to put it another way, there is no
such thing as a reading problem. Jose hates books, schools, and
teachers, and among a hundred other insufficiencies——all of a piece
——he cannot read. Is this a reading problem?
A reading problem, in short, is not a fact of life, but a fact of school
administration. |t does not describe Jose, but describes the action
performed by the school, i.e., the action of ignoring every thing
about Jose except his response to printed letters.
My own demands were an important part of Jose’s experience. They
were not simply the demands of a teacher, nor of an adult, but be-
longed to my own way of caring about Jose. And he sensed this.
There was something he prized in the fact that | made demands on
him. This became all the more evident once he realized that | wasn't
simply processing him, that is, grading, measuring, etc. And when he
learned that he could refuse——could refuse altogether, could terminate
the lesson, could change its direction, could insist on oo else
. we became collaborators in the business of life. . It boils
down to this .. . we adults are entitled to demand
much of our children... The children are entitled
to demand that they be treated as individuals, since
that is what they are. .
i
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*
Humanitas Curriculum A further word about eating that introduces another topic.
“Finish your beans or you can’t have your dessert."” Shoot
that woman! In the first place you shouldn't be having a sugar
base dessert. In the second, never, never, never, never reward a
child for accomplishing necessary acts. ‘What a nice pooty.
Here’s a piece of candy for the good boy.”” Bang! One more
Some time this summer we are due to get a letter from an
educator, beginning “Well, | see you people have swallowed
von Hilsheimer, hook, line, and charisma.” This letter we
will ignore. customer for the laxative industry. “If you're quiet you can
P other half hour.”’ Whee! Future st les about
The letter we're waiting for is: “Well, | tried the Humanitas
goodies on my kids, and...” This letter we will probably ‘
ore. Second, if you must work around a schedule make it clear
Meantime, we’re printing George von Hilsheimer’s own remarks that it is your convenience that demands it. Be consistent
about Modern Reading: in that schedule and don’t bargain. ‘‘\’\| count to ten.”
ing: “Well, ten more minutes.” “If you, then I'll.” Never make
the schedule a function of your supposedly superior know-
ledge about your child. ““You are hungry.” “You have to
go to the bathroom.” “You are sleepy.”
The Self Regulating Child
Our unbelievable MONEY BACK GUARANTEED first reading
program (3 minutes’ classes for six weeks and your weenie is
reading Dr. Seuss, P.D. Eastman, or McGuffey, depending on
your hangup——no failures yet, and no readiness criterion——
sium kids, nonverbal amentated kids, all kinds of crazy kids,
“normal” 4 year old, non reading 14 year olds, you name it.
$27.23.
Humanitas also puts out How Many?, a math primer ($1.50),
A First Abacus (and special abacus——price unknown), and a
remarkable line of pamphlets on such subjects as “Eliminating
the Smoking Habit’, “The Self-Regulating Child’, “How to
Run an Effective Conference” and etc.
MODERN READING
umanifas curriculum
Humanitas Curriculum
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Humanitas Curriculum
from:
Bis
Cuisenaire Rods
4
The first rod is a small wooden cube with a 1 seu a,
centimeter side. The second is twice as long <0 &%
with the same cross section. The third is three » %
times as long as the first. Each length has its ze0'? ene We
own color. With these rods, a child can learn - = =rom back cover of
arithmetical operations and mathematical
andbook for Writing and Spelling
relationships even though he recognizes no
Mazurkiewics and Tanyzer
mathematical symbols. (Children are capable 1964; 50pp. $2.95 postpaid : ’
of grasping mathematical concepts before they $2.¢ 00 thigk that yor wir
have the mechanical ability to write. Therein ifter ther huny?”
lies one of the great advantages of Cuisenaire Initial Teaching Alphabet Publications, Inc. 201 Park Avenue South “it ma bee that.
rods.) For example, if a child puts the first 20 East 46th Street New York, N. Y. 10003
(white) and the second (red) rods end to end Free literature about i.t.a. is also yee con tell
he can see that together they are equal in or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG available from: with bees.”
length to the third (green) rod. Once he real-
jezes that a white and a red always equal a green,
he has learned something quite general about
addition and equality. If, later, the numeral
“1” is associated with the first rod, “2° with
the second rod and “3” with the third, he will
be in a position to grasp at once that 1 + 2= 3.
But the rods have no absolute numerical value
so that if the value “1” were assigned to the
third rod rather than the first, the truth
1/3 + 2/3 = 1 would also be forthcoming as
“proved” by the general rule that the child
discovered with the rods.
What is happening here is that algebra (the
general case) is being learned before arithme-
tic (specific cases), as logically, it should be.
This is undoubtedly one of the best pieces of
teaching equipment ever invented. But it is
important that you don’t show children the
truths that the rods demonstrate. They must
be allowed to discover these themselves or it
won't work.
Foundation for Educational
Technology
World Building
Silver Springs, Maryland
three $ 20910
discovering
mathematical
[Suggested by Virginia Baker
Reviewed by Jane Burton]
Factors
Fractions
Catalog free
Basic classroom kit for 25 kids $59.95 postpaid
Cuisenaire Home Mathematics Kit $ 12.50 postpaid
from:
Cuisenaire Co. of America, Inc.
12 Church Street
New Rochelle, N. Y. 10805
Home Mathematics Kit available from
WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Fig. 2
the’ ifhius!”
Winni the DP.» that the’r suspifhius
Comp'ements
Divison without a remainder
Initial Teaching Alphabet
As everyone knows, the English language is inconsistent. For
instance, here are four different pronunciations of the letter A;
ape apple arm all.
/.t.a. eliminates all such inconsistencies by spelling with a
Matt
separate symbol for each “a” sound:
aep ap arm aul
Eliminating contradictions in spelling and pronunciation
makes learning to read and write a logical process. Any-
one whose mind can grasp logic——and this includes three
and four year olds——can learn to read with i.t.a. There
are none of the complicated rules of the normal alphabet.
Capitals in i.t.a. are just the regular size i.t.a. symbols
written or printed a little larger. Each sound has its
own symbol; there are 44 altogether.
After learning to read in i.t.a., the switch can be made to the
conventional alphabet easily. The irregularities are not
troublesome at this point, because the reader can read whole
words at a time——not letter by /etter——and can read for
content.
/.t.a. is great for pre-school age children who want to read. At
that age, kids get frustrated easily. The i.t.a. alphabet prevents
the frustration by its consistency. We taught our 4 year old
the sound of i.t.a. letters. Then we showed him how words
could be made by blending sounds together. It took a while
before he was able to blend the sounds by himself. But when
that happened, he was then able to read.
/.t.a. is also good for teaching English to foreigners (many
foreign languages also have one symbol or one group of
symbols for each sound) and for remedial reading instruction.
It is also a good tool for writing: once all the sounds of the
symbols are learned, one can write anything he can say.
[Reviewed by Lora Ferguson
Sher wos ne wind tw ble him neerer
tw the tree soe ther hee stad. hee cwd see
the huny, hee cod smell the huny, but hee
cwdn’t kwiet reech the huny.
after a littl whiel hee caulld doun tw yo.
“cristofer robin!” hee sed in a loud
whisper.
“*hallee!”
“ie thigk the bees suspect sumphig!”
“‘whot sort ov fhig?”
“te doen’t ne. but sumfhig tells mee
“perhaps the
Sher wos anusher litt] stelens, and then
he caulld doun tw y@ agzn.
“cristofer robin!”
“ves
Addition, sum Subtraction, dfference
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At
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: Children’s Games in Street and Playground
Suppose you were trying to replace war. Would you be
interested in “games in which children may deliberately
scare each other, ritually hurt each other, take foolish
risks, promote fights, play ten against one, and yet in
which they consistently observe their own sense of fair
play.” (dust jacket blurb). The games are not learned
from adults but passed on through the generations of
children. This study comes from England, which looks
to have a much richer game cycle than American kids
usually experience. A product of ten years’ research,
the book thoroughly describes the rules of play and the
popularity of more than a thousand fascinating games.
“ot
be
Children’s Games in Street
and Playground
lona and Peter Opie
1969; 370 pp.
$9.50 postpaid
from:
Oxford University Press
16-00 Pollitt Drive
Fair Lawn, N. J. 07140
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Addi, addi, chickari, chickari,
Oonie, poonie, om pom alarie,
Ala wala whiskey,
Chinese chunk.
One-erie, two-erie, tickerie, seven,
Allabone, crackabone, ten or eleven;
Pot, pan, must be done;
Tweedle-come, tweedle-come, twenty-one.
*
Piaget
Piaget and Knowledge: Theoretical Foundations Hans G. Furth
Piaget’s work is so extensive and so unique that no one’s
thought up a good name for it yet. There’s Behavior Theory,
Psychoanalysis, Personality Theory, etc. .. . and Piaget. This
book is an introduction to his thought and a good one. He’s
heavy, and while he covers many aspects of growing up, it’s
the development'of the mind that really intrigues him and
he tends to see other areas of growth in the light of what
he has learned about mental processes. And that’s an
incredibly rich bunch of data around which he has erected
a formidably tight theory. This book has the advantage of
including many of the original observations that led Piaget
to his conclusions, and it presents readings both from
Piaget’s early and recent work. :
The Psychology of the Child Piaget & Inheider
This is Piaget’s own summary of his life’s work, and it isa
packed, concise little volume, but somewhat lacking in the
KINGY
This fast-moving game has al! the qualifications for being considered
the national game of British schoolboys: it is indigenous, it is sport-
ing, it has fully evolved rules, it is immensely popular (almost every
boy in England, Scotland, and Wales plays it), and no native of
Britain appears to have troubled to record it.
“Kingy” is a ball game in which those who are not He have the ball
hurled at them, without means of retaliation, and against ever-
increasing odds, an element that obviously appeals to the national
character. Anyone who is hit by the ball straightway joins the He in
trying to hit the rest of the players. Those who are throwing may
not run with the ball in their hands, but pursue their quarry by
Passing the ball to each other. Those being thrown at may run and
dodge as they like, and may also punch the ball away from them
with their fists. For this purpose players sometimes wrap a hand-
kerchief round their hand, as ‘‘fisting” the ball can be painful. The
game continues until all but one have been hit and are ‘‘out,"’ and
this player is declared ‘‘King."’ When the contestants are skilled
(and boys of fifteen and sixteen readily play the game), the ball
gets thrown with considerable force; it shoots back and forth across
’ the street or playground, and the game can be as exciting to watch
as a tennis match.
As befits a sport in which so much energy is expended, the prelim-
inaries are sometimes wonderfully ritualistic. At Bishop Auckland,
for instance, one person shouts ‘‘King”’ to start the proceedings, and
two others follow up by crying ‘‘Sidey.’’ The players then form a
circle round the King, with the two who shouted “’Sidey” standing
on either side of him like heirs-apparent. The players making the
circle stand with legs apart, each foot touching the foot of their
neighbour on either side. The King picks up the ball and bounces
it——or, as they say in Bishop Auckland, ‘‘stounces”’ it——three
times in the ring, and then tets it roll. Everyone watches to see
whose legs it will go through. If it does not roll through anybody's
legs the King picks it up and bounces it again, and if his second
turn fails he has a third try. If the ball still has not passed between
anyone's legs, he hands it to the first sidey (the ‘foggy-sidey’’)
who, as necessary, repeats the performance——for the moment
the ball does pass between someone's legs that person is “‘on,”
and everyone runs. At the end of the game whoever becomes
King takes the place in the centre of the ring to start the next
game, and the first two people to shout “Sidey”’ stand beside
The Rules. Although the ways of choosing the chaser are numerous,
the game itself is played with little variation. Reports from more
than fifty places have been so similar, it is as if a mimeographed
sheet of rules was carried in every grubby trouser pocket. Such a
set of rules would read as follows:
1. The number of players shall be not less than six or more than
twenty: the best number is about twelve.
humor and color of his earlier, less organized writings.
Clearly an intellect of some proportion, he presents the
SIGNAL
substitutes
for EVENT
end result, the conclusions he has reached, and does so in
grand style. Hopefully one might be intrigued enough by
his ideas to read some of his earlier stuff and find out how
he got there. He’s so good, nobody argues with him——there
isno issue about whether he’s right, only about whether or
not he’s really covered it all.
[Reviewed by Diana Shugart]
The Psychology of the Child iaget and Knowledge:
Jean Piaget and Barbel Inhelder eoretical Foundations
1969; 173 pp. Hans G. Furth
$5.95 postpaid —
$8.95 postpaid
Basic Books, Inc. from:
404 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10016 Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 07632
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
REACTION
KNOWING
Sign relations: The difference between signals and symbols.
it has long impressed me that Piaget deals with biological intelligence
and not with the intelligence referred to in the studies of individual
differences or learning theories to which most of us are accustomed.
| am unable to see how one can feel at home with his model of
intelligence unless one sees intelligence as a prolongation of organic
development. Without a biological basis, Piaget's formal logical
model becomes what to many it unfortunately appears: a cold,
artificial system of ratiocination that has no relevance to full-
blooded real life. in like manner, a notion like equilibration must
remain incomprehensible if one’s gaze extends no further than
the external factors that influence the growth of intelligence. And
if equilibration is an internal factor, as Piaget stresses, it surely
does not start with the birth of the human baby.
For Piaget, the operative process by which we construct reality-as-
known and the symbolic process by which we re-present known
reality are functionally different and possess a different reality
Status. A corresponding distinction is proposed for Piaget's term
intérionser: while symbols derive from a real internalization of
accommodated external actions, the functional interiorization
of operations refers to the increasing dissociation between general
form and particular content, not to something that was first
overt and then becomes covert. In contrast to current represen-
tational theories of knowledge, Piaget’s model is unique in
incorporating the two competing and often confused meanings
attached to the word ‘‘representation.”’
2
Since, for Piaget, perception without operative knowledge is in-
conceivable, it follows that perception is simply one manifestation
of intelligence in its total development.
Piaget and Knowledge: Theoretical Foundations
2. The boundaries of the game shall be agreed on before the game
‘begins. A flat area of 20 x 20 yards, or a length of street of about ~~ ~————
20—30 yards, depending on the number of players, is ample.
3. One person shall be chosen chaser, and the game shall start
immediately he is chosen. The chaser shall, however, bounce the
ball ten times before he throws it at anyone, to give the players
time to scatter.
4. The chaser may not run with the ball; but while he is the sole
chaser he may bounce the ball on the ground as he runs.
5. A player shall be ‘‘out"’ when the ball hits him on the body
between his neck and knees (or, as may be agreed, between his
waist and ankles). It shall be determined beforehand whether a
hit shall count if the ball has first bounced on the ground or
ricocheted off a wall; or whether only a direct hit shall count.
6. As soon as a player is ‘‘out’’ he shall assist the chaser in getting
the other players out.
7. When there are two or more chasers they may not run with
the ball, but may manoeuver as they wish by passing it to each
other:
8. Players being chased may take what action they like to
avoid being hit by the ball, including “‘fisting” it, i.e. punching
it away with their fist. They may also pick up the ball between
their fists and chuck it away.
9. Should a chaser catch the ball when it has been “‘fisted’’, or
touch a player while he is holding the ball in his fists, the player
shall be “out.”
10. Should a player kick the ball, or handle it other than with his
fists, he shall be ‘‘out.”
11. Should a player run out of bounds when trying to avoid being
hit by the ball he shall be ‘‘out.”
12. The last player left in shall be ‘King,’ and shall officiate at
the selection of the next chaser.
Some times | kill Some One and Some One kills me but my*men
release me and | release them Back.
Split the kipper
In this contest, which, as one boy admitted, ‘‘takes quite a lot of
nerve, the two adversaries stand facing each other a yard or so
apart, with their feet together. The first boy throws a knife,
preferably a sheath knife, so that it sticks in the ground not more
than twelve inches to the left or right of one of his opponent's
feet. The other boy, without moving his feet, plucks the knife out
of the ground, and moves his nearest foot to the place where
the knife went in. In this position he makes a return throw (most
boys specify that the knife must be thrown by the blade), and
the first boy, likewise, moves his foot to where the knife stuck in.
However, should the point of the knife not stick into the ground,
or should it stick in more than twelve inches away from the person's
foot (‘‘if more than a span,”’ says a Durham lad; “if over two
knife lengths,"’ says a Fife boy), the player does not have to move
his foot, and the throw is lost. The object of the game is to force
the opponent to stretch his legs so far apart that he cannot move
them further, and gives in, or falls over while attempting the
Stretch. In this form “‘it is a short game and suitable for short
breaks at school.’’ But in many places, particularly in the north,
a player is allowed to “‘split’” his opponent. If a person's legs
are uncomfortably wide apart, and his opponent's likewise, or
at least moderately open, he may attempt to throw the knife
so that it sticks between his opponent's legs, and if he succeeds
in this, may close his own. Usually ‘‘splitting’’ is allowed only
once, twice, or three times, otherwise the game can “go on for
ages’. Alternatively in Scotland, including the Isles, if the knife
sticks between the opponent's legs, that person has to turn round,
and thereafter throw less surely, and undoubtedly more dangerously,
with his back to the other player.
This game, or ordeal, which is sometimes played with a dart, iron
spike, or geometry dividers, has become popular only during the
past decade.
The young subjects behave as if they were expecting to see everything,
even with aberrant centerings, whereas the adults look more actively,
directing their exploration by means of a strategy whereby the
shifts of fixation obtain a maximum of information with a minimum
of loss.
Symbolic play is the apogee of children’s play. Even more than the
two or three other forms of play which we shall discuss, it cor-
responds to the essential function that play fulfills in the life of
the child. Obliged to adapt himself constantly to a social world
of elders whose interests and rules remain external to him, and to
‘a physical world which he understands only slightly, the child does
not succeed as we adults do in satisfying the affective and even -
intellectual needs of his personality through these adaptations. It
is indispensable to his affective and intellectual equilibrium, there-
fore, that he have available to him an area of activity whose motivation
is not adaptation to reality but, on the contrary, assimilation of
reality to the self, without coercions or sanctions. Such an area is play,
which transforms reality by assimilation to the needs of the self,
whereas imitation (when it constitutes an end in itself) is accom-
modation to external models. Intelligence constitutes an equilibration
between assimilation and accommodation.
A little girl who while on vacation had asked various questions about
the mechanics of the bells observed on an old village church steeple,
now stood stiff as a ramrod beside her father’s desk, making a
deafening noise. ‘You're bothering me, you know. Can't you see
1‘m working?” “‘Don’t talk to me,” replied the little girl. ““I’ma
church.”
A first general observation is that the child’s whys bear witness to an
intermediate precausality between the efficient cause and the final
cause. Specifically, these questions seek reasons for phenomena
which we see as fortuitous but which in the child arouse a need for
a finalist explanation. ‘‘Why are there two Mount Saleves, a big one
and a little one?” asked a six-year-old boy. To which almost all his
contemporaries, when asked the same question, replied, “One for
big trips and another for small trips.”
The Psychology of the Child
or
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refers to
SYMBOL
EVENT
4,
—
Piaget
4s
I Know A Place
Good simple idea, good simple book; pure mirror: you
write and illustrate a book whose subject (not object)
is you. Kids groove. Me too.
[Suggested by Joni Miller]
| Know a Place
| Know a Place
| Know a Place
I Know A Place (Vols. 1,2,3)
Robert Tannen
1969; 134 pp.
$3.40 postpaid (20% off to schools) per set a
from:
City Schools Curriculum Service, Inc.
60 Commercial Wharf 7
Boston, Mass, 02110 [Spanish edition is forthcoming.]
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
by
andRobertTannen
Pioneer Posters
HH} Cheap, good, educational, weird. They‘re a
* whole other kind of history than book history
83 and better posters than most posters. Immense
ss variety.
Catalog
3 $.10
ss from:
$3 Pioneer Historical Society
ss Harriman, Tennessee 37748
ss RAVEL — ats tr. in!
=: with railroads. illustrated 17” 2 11" 25¢
ss C141—LINCOLN EL DS! —picture Lincoln & Copper-
3 head snake. unusual 17” x 11” 20¢
ss sketch shortly before death,
ss fine study 10¢
Ci43—BiLL OF SALE—SLAVE—1667—Mass. colony—very
_document__20¢
C144—BALLAD—1844—handbill. Famous murder Rhode Island,
unique worthy framing 35¢
CI45—RECIPE—how make bad husband, good 1795 almanac 10¢
MOTOR CAR—Handbili—1888—illustrated—oddity
one of the earliest autos
€
I know a person. A picture of this
person is on the next page.
The name of this person is
The person was named
| because
CHR NSTOR NEWS—set of 4 front 1. 1863; 2. Lincoin
~ War; 4. 193 prices. Entire
se’
CiSI—PLEDGE OF ALLEGI signed by ol Valley
forge 1778, rare
Lincoin’s
2, black border.
ting
A Nation in Tears,
1
immediately armed |
CIS6—GEN'L GRANT to [
CI57—GEN'L LEE orders
SALE—18
Looking and Seeing 1. Pattern and Space
2. The Development of Shape
3. The Shapes We Need
4. The Shape of Towns
This series of 4 books was designed for use in British schools.
They are absolutely first-rate.
As befits such books, they are filled with excellent illustrations
and the text is very explicit. While it would seem to have the
12-16 year olds in mind, the books are packed with stuff of
interest to anyone who wants to know about the visual world
and isn’t too proud to read simple English.
_ The author’s view is,
We have learnt to exert a certain amount of control over our world,
over our surroundings and the lives we lead within them. But although
we have gained much we have probably lost even more. We no longer
possess the knowledge and the understanding to judge the things we
make: our houses and factories, our implements and machines, our
cities and roads. Because of this failure in judgement, we often find
ourselves surrounded with such ugliness as would have horrified men
of past ages. ... It is now more imoortant than ever that we should
learn to understand the basic laws of the world around us, the man-
made world and the world of nature. bk. |, p. 2)
The illustrations are widely drawn, but are consistently
relevant to man. Traditional crafts, modern building,
technology, graphics, ergonometrics, D‘Arcy-Thomson-like
discussion of structure, social influences and industrial
design are all dealt with.
One small foible——not all the illustrations are fully identified,
except in the teachers’ handbooks which are put out as
small companions to the 4 books. These also deal with
the short exercises which are set at the end of each section
ee
in the books.
[Suggested and reviewed by
David and Lyn Roessler]
Books 1—4
Kurt Rowland
1966; 130 pp. each
$4.50 each postpaid
from:
Van Nostrand-Reinhold
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
$1.56 from Blackwell's (see p. 79)
124
Follow Through
Project
Education Develop-
ment Center has far
the best list we’ve
seen of recommended
instructional aids,
materials, and supplies
for the primary grades.
Prices and suppliers
are given with the
items. The list (36 pp.)
apparently is free.
[Suggested by
John Holt]
from:
Follow Through Project
Educational
Development
Center
55 Chapel Street
Newton, Mass. 02160
The same author has another excellent series, for younger
children: 48 pp. each.
Learning to See (Vols. 1
1968
$1.95 each (75¢ workbook for each available)
from:
Van Nostrand Reinhold
450 West 33rd Street
New York, N. Y. 10001
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
-3)
A GRAND
5—rare GF THE EFFECTS PRODUCED BY INHALING
NIT RODS OXIDE, EXMILERATING, OR
WILL BE GIVEN AT Had
EVENING,
NEW COMPANY RULES
Office employees will daily sweep the floors, dust the furniturs,
shelves and showcases.
2
Each draftsman will bring in a bucket of water and a scuttle
of coal for the day's business.
Draftsmen will each day fill lamps,
clean chimneys, trim wicks. Wash the windows ence a week,
Make your pens carefully. You may whittle nibs to your
individual taste.
5
This office will open at 7A.M. and close at 8 P.M. daily,
except on the Sabbath, on which day it will remain closed.
6
Man employees will be given an evening off each week: for
courting purposes, or two evenings a week if they go regularly
te church.
7
Every employee should lay aside from each pay a goodly sum of
his earnings for his benefits during his declining years, so that
he will not become a burden upon the charity of his betters,
8
Any employee who smokes Spanish cigars, uses liquor in any
form, gets shaved at a barber shop, or frequents pool or public
halls, will give me good reason to suspect his worth, intentions,
The employee who has performed his labors faithfully and
without fault for a period of five years in my service, who has
been thrifty and attentive to his religious duties, and is looked
upon by his fellow men as a substantial and law abiding
citizen, will be given an increase of five cents per day in his
pay, providing a just return of profits from the business
permits it.
3 yet interesting list of
iston tor London, picture
BROADS
strations—circulated 40 GALLONS OF GAS will be prepared and admininge ie
CIG6—INTEGRATION PROE
future—al
who desire to inhale it.
MEN will be invited from the audience, to
fered to ull ia the audience
strated, advertises
all_negro football t those under the influence of the from Shows Bakery on
Jari adopted
to regret.
ag themselves or others Thi course
that no apprehension of danger may be cutertained, 52 Fran. Calif, interest
Probably ne one will attempt te ficht.
THE or to make thee whe it, esther
LAUGH, SING, DANCE, SPEAK OR FIGHT, &. &.
4 according to the lending trait of their character. retaie
consciousness enough not to say of do that which they would have on's last letter—stirring
yes 1862, 4 pages with-
iaty_of Ghent—historical
They seem to
ish. N.B. The Gas will be administered only to xentice
men of the first respectability. The object to make
the entertainment in every respeet,a genteel affair. |
pero of celebratior
an. For a fall nccouat of the effect
sev Heoper's Medical
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Both the pine cone, 3, and the dahlia, 4,
have two sets of spirals. Count them and see
if they are part of the Fibonacci series.
No language the! delight(al sensation produced.
Ci73—AUCTION POSTER— ~ ener ha dt ration
produced apna some of the mon Borge?
Dictivaary, under thr head of Nitrugea,
“Those who inhale the Gas ence, are alway~ amsivus to inhale it Ge Gus. ‘There js not
met nce ai about 1901, re: Seldon
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Golden Handbooks
| think the handbooks and nature guides from Golden Press
are wonderful, and by no means just for kids. They’re
economical in size and cost, intelligently researched and
edited, well illustrated in color, thoroughly indexed with
bibliographies. In any of their subject areas, I’d
start with the Golden book.
um of
that
ers,
any
ablic
ticns,
Weather
Paul E. Lehr, R. Will Burnett, Herbert S. Zim
<X 1957, 1965; 160 pp. Seasonal Lag
tw Guide to Fresh and Salt Water Fishing
George S. Fichter and Phil Francis
+ 1965; 160 pp. :
Sky Observer's Guide
R. Newton Mayall,
Margaret Mayall,
Jerome Wyckoff
ficias 1959, 1965; 160 pp.
- $1 .25 each, postpaid
icture
from:
“chart Golden Press Division
$ now Western Publishing Co., Inc,
1220 Mound Avenue
Racine, Wisconsin 53404
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Other books available from The Golden Press:
Golden Nature Guides
: Sea Shells of the World Golden Handbooks
Birds Rocks and Minerals Sailing
Flowers Butterflies and Moths Photography
— Non-Flowering Plants Guns
rees Insect Pests
Reptiles and Amphibians Pond Life
_Stars Zoo Animals
Skiing
Fishes Golden Field Guides Antiques
Fossils Birds of North America
Gamebirds Trees of North America —
Zoology Sea Shells of North America
American Boys Handy Book
Dan Beard’s American Boys Handy Book was
first published in 1882. Out of print for a
long time, Tuttle has finally reprinted it. This
is barefoot-boy-with-cheek-of-tan stuff, detailed
lore on how a boy may make his own world.
August is hotter than June even though the sun is more nearly over-
head and the day is longest on June 22. In terms of solar radiation
reaching the earth, May, June, and July should be our warmest
months. But June, July, and August actually are. Why?
During the year the earth, as a whole, loses precisely the same amount
of heat it receives from the sun. But as the sun moves north in spring,
our part of the earth gains heat faster tnan heat is lost. On June 22 it
is receiving maximum solar radiation. The heat gain continues to exceed
heat loss until maximum warmth is reached, usually in late July. Heat
gain continues to exceed heat loss, at a diminishing rate, until about
August 31. Then our part of the earth starts to lose heat faster than it
receives it, and begins to cool down. The process is like starting a fire in
a stove: the roaring fire heats the room slowly, but the room will stay
warm for a while after the fire has died down. The same heat lag
accounts for the fact that the warmest time of day is usually about
3 p.m.——not noon, when the sun’s rays are most intense.
Henry Gasser’s Guide to Painting
Weather will generally remain fair when:
The wind blows gently from west or northwest (p. 66).
Barometer remains steady or rises (pp. 85-88).
Cumulus clouds dot the summer sky in the afternoon (p. 20).
Morning fog breaks or “burns off’ by noon (evidence of clear sky
above)
Rainy weather or snow may come when:
Cirrus clouds thicken and are followed by lower clouds (p. 88). (Par-
ticularly true if barometer is dropping.)
There is a ring around the moon (pp. 17 & 88). (Particularly true if
barometer is dropping.)
Puffy cumulus clouds begin to develop vertically (p. 20).
Sky is dark and threatening to the west (p. 85).
Southerly wind increases in speed with clouds moving from west (p. 85).
The wind—particularly a north wind—shifts in a counterclockwise direc-
tion—that is, from north to west to south (pp. 85-88).
The barometer falls steadily (pp. 85-88).
Weather will generally clear when:
Bases of clouds show steady rise to higher types (p. 85).
The wind—particularly an east wind—shifts to the west (p. 85).
The barometer rises rapidly (pp. 85 and 88).
Temperature will usually fall when:
Wind blows from—or shifts to—north or northwest (p. 85).
Night sky is clear and wind is light (pp. 9 and 14).
The barometer rises steadily in winter (p. 85).
Temperature will usually rise when:
Wind is from south, with cloud cover at night or clear sky
during the day (pp. 9 and 88).
Effect of increasing power: At left is a 7° field in Cygnus os seen
with 7x50 binoculars. At right, centered on the same star, is the re-
duced and inverted field seen through a small telescope at about 35X.
Numbers on map indicate magnitudes of stars (decimal point before
last digit omitted).
In summer, the surface
water warms to well
above 39.2°F. and floats
on the heavier water be-
low. Mixing ceases, and
lake stratifies into 3 lay-
ers. Fish are found in
warm top layer, which is
rich in oxygen, and a few
in or near the middle
layer, a zone of rapidly
Weather descending temperature.
The bottom layer is cold
and low in oxygen.
Golden Regional Guides
HOW TO SURF CAST
Before attempting a cast with a revolving-spool surf reel, wet your line. This prevents
it from burning your thumb on the cast. Shift reel into free spool and put thumb
’ firmly on the spool. Let out 2 or 3 feet of line, and hold the rod pointed low opposite
the direction of your cast, the sinker resting on the ground. Now bring the rod up
with a powerful overhead sweep, pulling downward with your left hand and pushing
upward with your right. As the rod comes up past the vertical, ease your thumb
pressure and let the spool turn. Let the line run out under your thumb; removing
your thumb will cause a backlash. As the sinker hits the water, thumb spool hard.
Surf spinning is done with same motions, using forefinger instead of thumb to
control line.
The Southeast
The Southwest
The Pacific Northwest
Everglades National Park
The Rocky Mountains
Acadia National Park
Washington, D.C.
israel and the Holy Land
Mexico
Fishing
Fieldbook for Boys and Men
The Scouts continue their tradition of
excellent feedback from an increasingly
enormous membership. The Second Edition
(1967) of the Fieldbook may well be the
best value around. Of course, the context
Extraordinary book, highly recommended for
funky schools or communities, especially if
woods are handy.
is short term camping out in the continental
U.S., but much more is afoot. In taking us
sure-handedly from the root-hog-or-die
[Suggested by Arthur Brand]
survival situations through toward gourmet
ecology, the Fieldbook shows how far
No time to wait to bring victim to shore.
|
we’ve come and certainly what to do next.
Start rescue breathing immediately. Tilt
victim’s head far back. Cradle his head with
What todo The spirit of the Boer, to be one hand and grasp his jaw with the other.
\ and | ake “TO ana ae on ae giving way to that of enlightened natura ism Open your mouth wide and take a deep breath.
How to ai Wty ost a (don’t go blazing trees——the landowner will Blow air into the victim through nose or mouth.
af never have us back). Full of recipes, Keep it up as you bring him to shore.
| Set a seat in front of the rowlock with a hole in’it for the pry
‘THE:AMERIGAN:BoYsi **jack-staff” to pass through. The jack-staff should be made sequence. if you'll need to know something, Rock Tripe (Gyrephera dilienie) can be
The American Boys
Handy Book.
D.C. Beard
1882; 391 pp.
$3.95 Postpaid
from:
Charles E. Tuttle Co., Inc.
Rutland, Vermont 05701
so that it can be taken out and put in at pleasure.
it’s there.
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
In a short time the room will be overrun with rats,
and if allowed to remain undisturbed for a few hours they will
all escape through new holes made by their sharp tecth; if a
serrier dog or a few cats be let into the room, not many rats
* will live to tell the tale of the massacre.
1967; 565 pp.
$1.95
Sg New Brunswick, N. J.
Fic. 136 —A Mouse Trap.
Fieldbook for Boys and Men
Boy Scouts of America
, from your local Boy Scout Dealer
or
Publication Services, B.S.A.
Having put us at home outdoors, the book
opens up into biology, geology and astronomy,
and what to do about them. | especially
like two sections: one has pictures of wild
plants to eat where you‘re starving to
death, and the page that tells you not to
apply the tourniquet except as a /ast resort.
[Reviewed by Dave Guard
Suggested by Eugene Schoenfeld]
Nosebleed is usually from a small vein in the
middle partition of the nose. Fold a clean
piece of paper into a pressure pad and tuck it
unter your upper lip. If the blood continues
to flow, add to the thickness of the pad and
press your index finger across your upper lip.
mea
SS | a
Setting circles: With these, a telescope is easily sighted. Bh...
Sky Observer’s Guide e*
‘
Z | |
we
‘ FiG. 213.— Kaleidoscope.
This Magazine is about Schools
and it’s better at it than anyone. Funky and alive and
intelligent and youthful——and probably thrifty, brave
and reverent. Frontier cream.
GAZINE is about
SCHOOLS
Teaching As a Subversive Activitv
You may have noticed that schools are society’s goat just
now, and the blame machine revs on and on. The authors of
This Magazine is about Schools
$3.50 /year (4 issues)
from:
This Magazine is about Schools
56 Esplanade Street East, Suite 301
Toronto 215, Ontario, CANADA
HOW TO HARDEN YOUR SOFT SCHOOL
1. ESTABLISH A SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING THE
SCHOOL WITH MATERIALS. On several
occasions I have walked into a free school and
been bitterly disappointed by the lack of materials.
No school dedicated to making a decent mess
should open its doors before it has obtained two
truck loads, say 5 tons, of begged, borrowed and
stolen information in the shape of string. glue,
ag records, magazines, books, paints, test-tubes,
chemicals, transistors, advertisements, felt pens,
catalogues, newspapers, fossils, rocks, microscopes,
herbs, wire, acetate, slide-rules, typewriters, tapes,
film stock, stuffed owls, old pieces of machinery,
cloth, thread, animals, bones, fishing flies,
photographs, paintings, slides and films. Treat
information like water from a tap.
2. PUT YOUR FINANCES UPON A SOUND.
FOOTING.
3. ORGANIZE A FEW BOOKS. Wade into the sea of
information, clear a few shelves, and arrange thirty
reference books in alphabetical order. Stick
numbers on their spines, stamp them NOT TO BE
REMOVED and chain them to the shelf. While you
are in the mood, padlock a few doors and windows.
4. MAKE A HARD ROOM. Set aside at least one
room to represent the organized side of life. f ‘you
can afford it, build a ry with id
stools, gas taps, electrical outlets and small sinks
for washing retorts. Have a ten-week course in the
laboratory for which interested students have to
sign in advance and attend at regular times. If you
have no science teacher, immediately appoint a
meticulous chemist.
5. STOP CHOOSING NEW STUDENTS to fit the
community. The next person whom you choose
should be unlike anyone else you've ever had
before.
Start Your Own School
“The Risk of Being a Social Scientist in
Canada Is that One May Die Laughing.”
The Coach House represents what Rochdale was striving
for. It moved into an old garage in a back lane behind the
building, with the first floor housing all the old wooden
trays of small metal types and a different assortment of
presses. In the centre is a designing area with layout desks,
plastic triangles and paraphernalia. The ceiling is low,
the walls are painted in bright colours and all over are
posters, poems and postcards, some dug up and copied
from old art books at the Central Library. Long-haired,
bespectacled Rochdalers walk around, setting type, making
plates——with a sense of order and neatness that defies
the categorization of sloppy hippies. There is a quiet
deference to Stan Bevington, the man who started the
Press. He wanders about in his blue denim smock, and
usually answers questions with ‘Well, try it. What do
you think will happen?” Or he'll startle you by suddenly
looking at the tube of ink you're using and the paper *
you're about to print on, saying, “The acid content of
that paper is much too high. We've been given a bum lot
of paper.”” And sure enough a week later, the load of
paper will come back from Domtar or some other company
with profuse apologies.
HOW TO SOFTEN YOUR HARD SCHOOL
USE THE CORRIDORS. Sell the steel lockers for
scrap and use the money to buy cushions. Scatter
the cushions around the corridors and let the
students lie around on the floor. Have the floor
cleaned very seldom but leave brooms about.
2. TAKE ALL THE AV EQUIPMENT OUT OF THE
STOREROOM AND PUT IT IN THE CORRIDORS.
Let the students use it when they feel the need for
it. Let them break projectors, tape-recorders and
viewers. Let them take machines home, steal tapes.
HIRE A XEROX MACHINE AND PUT IT IN THE
CORRIDOR. Place no restrictions whatever upon
its use. Find a kid willing to keep it running. Put
@ thermofax copier in the corridor too. Witha
mountain of paper and acetate.
w
4. OPEN UP THE LIBRARY. Take the doors off
their hinges. Roll up the carpet and sell it. Let the
students cut up the books with scissors. Provide
scissors, paste, paper. With the money provided by
the sale of the carpet, buy:
a A bucket full of magazines.
b. A bucket full of comics.
c. A bucket full of newspapers.
d. Several incomprehensible thick medical tomes.
Try McAinsh, Toronto.
e. A number of books in Chinese, Japanese.
Sanskrit and other languages.
f. A barrow-load of old books from the Old
Favorites Bookstore, Toronto.
8. Photographs, maps, geological maps, plans.
blueprints, research papers.
Going from the
sunshine into the
shade during a
forest run, is like
leaving a few
words of twigs,
and entering an
eucalyptus lullaby.
Start Your Own School
Donation (if possible)
Sure enough, a lot of the nuts and bolts information is here,
turning an impossibility into a mere nuisance. So you can
transfer your attention to the more important impossibility,
education.
$1.00
from:
New Directions Community School
445 Tenth Street
Richmond, CA 94801
—Records. \t would be a good idea to keep a record for each employee
of taxes and stuff for each paycheck. Something like this: a page for
each employee with columns for:
Name; Soc. Sec. No; exemptions
claimed; pay period; basic pay; Fed. Income tax withheld; FICA with-
held; State disability withheld; Net pay .
State Unemployment paid by school.
; FICA paid by school;
It might be good to seed a
running total of “money owed to governments’’.
Once the first flurry of forms is over, it's not so bad, really. Don't
nothing better to do.
Panic, and call the |RS office for the smallest reason. They have
We just wanted to work with some kids. $
this handy de-crisis book take a nice clean no-blame ; put
revolutionary approach to things: what works this minute tha
and doesn’t work this minute. In their experience (high- exa
school), instruction in authoritative subject matter doesn’t ove
work very well. What does work is an experience-based kno
inquiry approach to learning to learn and learning to typ
selectively un-learn: i.e. basic survival strategy in an was
environment of change. What's nice is they aren’t just ate
threatening: they have gathered and published a strong witl
collection of technique. and
not
no!
Teaching as a Subversive Activity war
Neil Postman and Charles Weingartner hav
1969; 219 pp. alm
$5.95 postpaid whi
it is
from:
Delacorte Press Her
750 Third Avenue don
New York, N. Y. 10017 tell
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG if y!
NEIL POSTMAN & CHARLES WEINGARTNER Is af
The new education, in sum, is new because it consists of having criti
students use the concepts most appropriate to the world in which con:
we all must live. All of these concepts constitute the dynamics pub
of the questing-questioning, meaning-making process that can
be called “learning how to learn”. This comprises a posture of
stability from which to deal fruitfully with change. The purpose
is to help all students develop built-in, shockproof crap detectors This
as basic equipment in their survival kits. envii
* is. C
What we confront, at this juncture, is a most difficult problem in thers
education: helping students to unlearn much of what they “know.” ano
Josh Billings said it almost a century ago: ‘’The trouble ain't that class
people are ignorant; it’s that they ‘know’ so much that ain‘t so.” then
What are some of the things these students know that “ain't so?” expr
Well, for example, they “know” that 1) the more “content” a person ougt
“knows,” the better teacher he is; 2) that “content” is best “imparted” behe
via a “course of study’’; 3) that “content” is best kept “pure” by the 1
departmentalizing instruction; 4) that “content” or “subject matter’ behe
has a “logical structure” or “logical sequence” that dictates how the their
‘content’ should be “imparted”; 5) that bigger schools are better the '
than smaller schools; 6) that smaller classes are better than bigger situg
classes; 7) that “homogeneous grouping’ (with students ‘‘grouped”’
on the basis of some real or fancied similarity) makes the learning
of subjects more efficient; 8) that classes must be held for “periods”
of about an hour in length, five days a week, for about 15 weeks in
order for a “course” in a “‘subject’’ to happen.
It comes as a shock to the students that there is no evidence to sup-
port any of these contentions. On the contrary, there is massive
evidence to confute them. It takes some doing, however, to help Cl
students to recognize the fact that most of their deeply internalized
assumptions about “education” are based on misinformation rather
than information ANE
‘
The instructor brought to class a black attaché case. He told the
students that inside the case there was a small computer which was =
capable of producing the answer to any question anyone asked.
“What questions,’ he asked, ‘do you want it to answer?’ gegees
The teacher rarely tells students what he thinks they ought to know. Edt
His basic mode of discourse with students is questioning.
Generaliy, ne does not accept a single st as an answer to a This
question. film
He encourages student-student interaction as opposed to student- film
teacher interaction. And generally he avoids acting as a mediator or nel
judge of the quality of ideas expressed. : M
He rarely summarizes the positions taken by students on the learnings 0
that occur. orn
whe
His lessons develop from the response of students and not from a Ever
previously determined “‘logical” structure.
Generally, each of his lessons poses a problem for students.
He measures his success in terms of behavioral changes in students.
Perhaps you have noticed that most examinations and, indeed, syllabi
and curricula deal almost exclusively with the past. The future hardly
exists in school. Can you remember ever asking or being asked in
school a question like “If such and such occurs, what do you think
will happen?’’? A question of this type is usually not regarded as Edu
“serious” and would rarely play a central role in any “serious” 196%
examination. When a future-oriented question is introduced in
school, its purpose is usually to “motivate” or to find out how $1
“creative’’ the students can be. But the point is that the world we live
in is changing so rapidly that a future-orientation is essential for fron
everybody. Its development in schools is our best insurance against a Edu
generation of ‘‘future shock” sufferers. Ran
New Schools Exchange
CON
A much needed service, the New Schools Exchange functions a
as an access switchboard for individuals and organizations i
trying alternatives to the big gray schoolhouse. The Exchange Alth
publishes a directory of all the new schools and educational is, -
audi
reform groups, and they put out a weekly newsletter
_ describing new school attempts (8-10 a week).
[Suggested by Jim Fadiman]
New Schools
Harvey Haber, Cass Sperling, eds.
$10 /year; $5/5 months minimum.
trom:
New Schools Exchange
2940 Hidden Valley Lane
Santa Barbara, CA 93193
*
THIS MA
=
DREAMING in the BEDS of ACADEME
‘he Rochdale Experience by sar: srwecs
P
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*
The Open Classroom
The Open Classroom is written for anyone with the courage
(or foolishness) to want to be a decent teacher within the
public school system. It’s a good book, It persuaded me
that this is possible. /t is surprisingly concrete. It describes
exactly what “successful” teachers do to establish control
over their classes. (These things are quite subtle, and worth
knowing about. If you have a child who has to go to a
typical public school, you can prepare him for the brain-
washing he’s going to get.) /t also describes concretely what
a teacher must do if he wants to have an honest relationship
with his students, if he wants them to learn something (really),
and he does not want to use authoritarian methods. (It’s
not always so easy not to fall back on authoritarian methods,
no matter how idealistic we are.) It goes on to describe and
warn of the problems that an “open classroom teacher’ will
have with other teachers, principals, supervisors. They are
almost certain to be severe. It gives ways of saving your job
while maintaining an open classroom, and it discusses when
it is wisest to sacrifice your job.
Herbert Kohl has been through all of this himself. If you
don’t know what it’s like inside the system, his book can
tell you some things that will make your hair stand on end.
If you want to be a public school teacher, The Open Classroom
isan indispensable handbook. If you don’t, it’s an excellent
critique anyway, and it will make you feel good, because it
constitutes a realistic plan for recovering some value from the
public schools——from within.
[Reviewed by Jane Burton]
This buok is a handbook for teachers who want to work in an open
environment. It is difficult to say exactly what an open classroom
is. One almost has to have been in one and fee! what it is. However
there are certain things that it is not. It is important not to equate
an open classroom with a “‘permissive” environment. In an open
classroom the teacher must be as much himself as the pupils are
themselves. This means that if the teacher is angry he ought to
express his anger, and if he is annoyed at someone's behavior he
ought to express that, too. In an authoritarian classroom annoying
behavior is legislated out of existence. In a ‘permissive’ classroom
the teacher pretends it isn’t annoying. He also permits students to
behave only in certain ways, thereby retaining the authority over
their behavior he pretends to be giving up. In an open situation
the teacher tries to express what he feels and to deal with each
situation as a ~2mmunal problem.
The O Classroom
Herbert R. Kohi
1969; 116 pp.
$1.65 postpaid
from:
Vintage Books, Inc.
201 E. 50th Street
New York, N.Y. 10022
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Educator’s Guide to Free Films
This is an invaluable reference if you are interested in
film education. The book has indices of contents,
film listings, cross-index; titles, subject, and source and
availability. The source and availability index saves
hours of time, although it does not indicate whether
or not you need a special order form. It also indicates
whether you pay mailing cost one-way or two-way.
Every school or proto-school should have a copy.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Chip Chappell]
Educator's Guide to Free Films
1968; 784 pp; 49443 films
$10.75 postpaid
from:
Educators Progress Service
Randolph, Wisconsin 53956
CONQUEST OF LIGHT (1964) 16mm Sound 10 min.
This film tells the story of the laser (sometimes called an optical
maser), a device with almost unlimited potential in many areas.
Although the film explains basically how a laser works and what it
Ss, it does so in language clearly understandable to a non-technical
audience. (Not cleared for TV)
Bell System Telephone Offices
CIRCLE OF THE SUN 16 mm Sound 29 min.
This film, in full color, records one of the last gatherings of the
Blood Indians of the Blackfoot Confederacy. It shows the sun
dance, but it also reflects the predicament of the younger gener-
ation——those who have relinquished their ties with their own
People but have not yet found a firm place in the changing world.
(Available from the Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New
Orleans, and Washington offices. See Source Index for addresses and
areas served by each.) (Not cleared for TV)
Consulate General of Canada
A teacher in an open classroom needs to cultivate a state of suspended
expectations. It is not easy. It is easy to believe that a dull class is dull,
or a bright class is bright. The words “emotionally disturbed” conjure
up frightening images. And it is sometimes a relief to discover that
there are good pupils in the class that is waiting for you. Not reading
the record cards or ignoring the standing of the class is an act of self-
denial; it involves casting aside a crutch when one still believes one
can’t walk without it. Yet if one wants to develop an open classroom
within the context of a school which is essentially totalitarian, such acts
of will are necessary.
There are no simple ways to give up deeply rooted expectations. THere 3
are some suggestions, however: ss
—talk to students outside class
—watch them play and watch them live with other young people
—play with them——joking games and serious games
—talk to them about yourself, what you care about
—listen
In these situations the kids may surprise you and reveal rather than
conceal, as is usual in the classroom, their feelings, play fulness, and
intelligence.
There is a way a teacher can experiment with non-authoritarian teaching
and be free of other teachers and supervisors. That way is to work with
problem students—— those students the school system has given up on.
Kaiser Aluminum News
Don Fabun is doing very well at his job of
making Kaiser appear comprehensive and
futuristic. The Kaiser Aluminum News that
he edits comes out several times a year, each
issue devoted to one large topic, such as com-
munication, transportation, food crisis, etc.
They are excellent compendiums of current
thought, vividly illustrated and laid out. Best
of all, they’re free if you write Kaiser for
single copies.
Inquire for their list from:
Public Affairs Department
Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation
Kaiser Center 866
Oakland, California 94604
I have yet to see any problem, however complicated,
which, when you looked at it the right way,
did not become still more complicated.
POUL ANDERSON
A hundred years ago a chemical theory was
uncovered that retains broad significance. It is
known as the “Law of the Minimum.”
Under ideal circumstances, a reaction will
continue until restrained by exhaustion of whatever
essential ingredient is present in least supply.
What is our essential ingredient in least supply?
And how much of it do we possess?
We do not know.
S. P. R. CHARTER /“Man on Earth”
According to legend . . . the Worm
Quroboros ate its own tail, and thus
was a symbol of a world that sur-
vives by endlessly devouring itself.
A compendium of 6 issues of Kaiser Aluminum News about
the next 20 years has been published in hardcover under the
title Dynamics of Change. The book costs $6.95 from
Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. 07632.
Index to 16 mm Educational Films
For those who want to know what the
whole situation is this index compiled
by the National Information Center for
Educational Media (NICEM) contains
ca. 26,000 titles. These are recent films
from the lists of the Library of Congress
and film distributors.
[Suggested and reviewed by
Chip Chappell]
Index to 16 mm Educational Films
2nd edition, May 1969
ca. $50.00 postpaid from:
McGraw-Hill, or at Libraries, fiim distributors
from:
Rathon, Ind.
2931 Irving Bivd., Suite 103
Dallas, Texas 75247
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Media & Methods
A slick good education
magazine. | can see
that running a soft
magazine in the hard-
sell education media
market is difficult, but
Frank McLaughlin is doing all
right.
Media and Methods
Frank McLaughlin, ed.
$5.00/ yr. (nine issues)
$6.00 in Canada
“One doubt can start a hating;
from: One dream can set us free.”
Media & Methods
134 North 13th Street
Philadelphia, PA 19107
THE WHOLE WORLD
IS WATCHING!
Zero for Conduct, (Brandon) $32.50.
(Dir: Jean Vigo) An_ innovative,
poetic and surrealistic evocation of
youth and its rebellion against the
system.
Village of the Damned, (Films, Inc.)
$22.00. (Dir: Wolf Rilla) An eerie
tale about a group of super-intelligent
and hyper-bizarre blond children who
freak a peaceful English village. A
simple horror story or a significant
allegory, depending on your mood.
A Hanoy List oF 16MM DistRIBUTORS
SUITABLE FOR FRAMING
Aupio CENTER, 34 MacQuesten
Pkwy So., Mt. Vernon, N.Y. 10550
BRANDON FiLMs, 221 West 57th Street,
New York, New York 10019
CONTEMPORARY Fitms, (McGraw Hill/
Contemporary), Princeton Road, Hights-
town, NJ 08520
Fitms Inc., 4420 Oakton Street, Skokie,
Illinois 60076
JANUs Fitms, 24 West 58th Street, New
York, NY 10019
UNIVERSAL 16, 221 Park Avenue South,
New York, NY 10003
UA/16, 729 Seventh Avenue, New York,
NY 10036
The feeling of contempt so many
‘college professors feel toward
high school teachers and high
school tsachers in turn feel
toward elementary teachers
is shot through with irony.
What has been consistently
borne out in my experience
is that the best teaching takes
place at the elementary level
(especially nursery school
through 3rd grade). The
best environments for learning
are reflected in these
“elementary” situations,
the most natural employment
of media are demonstrated,
and the most humane relation-
ship between adult and
child exist.
Look, listen, talk, sing, dance,
act, record, photograph—find,
share, but don't tell.
—George Wright
“I would rather learn from one bird how to sing
Than teach ten thousand stars how not to dance.”
127
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LIFE Science Library
FOOD AND
NUTRITION
After two years of looking at everybody's nifty books, I'd
say that the two sets of books to have around your place
for pick-up education of young and old are the Golden
handbooks (see p. 125) and these science books from Time-
Life. They’re available only by mail, and they come one
every month or so. If you don’t like what you got, you can
send it back. We haven’t sent any back.
Most popular science books are badly behind the times. This
ye
Gents
series puts special emphasis on recent developments. eseoac s008¢
TWO LENSES IN ONE Light and Vision THE EVOLUTION OF CORN to the modern ities
LIFE Science Library fruitful version required 7,000 years of radical with
Bifocals—introduced to America in the 18th Century by Benjamin change. as indicated by these three samples. ‘en’
wom: Franklin—help older people with rigid lens structure to focus at Tin of isn
Time-Life Books, Inc. both near and far distances. The upper half of the spectacle Centre! American plent now extinct—dates bet
Retail Sales Dept. lens gives slight correction for distant viewing. The lower half is from around 5200 B.C: it has only eight rows boo
540 N. Michigan Avenue for close-up work; it provides the increased refraction needed to @f hernele with fe to ein hernels on each row. equi
Chicago, Illinois 60611 compensate for the increasing rigidity—and the inability to focus— By 500 BC. M were 9 ° i mak
of the aging lens. four-inch-long ears called Nal-Tel (center) that | tele:
had some 11 rows of small kernels per cob. wha
Today. one of the most widely cultivated corn ing
plants in Mexico is Chaiquefio (right), eight is ju
inches long. with 17 rows of narrow kernels hou:
low
The dangers of leaching were pointed out as recently as the 1920's, ss sees
when public-health officials were puzzled by the strange pattern of =
malnutrition in the South. Impoverished sharecroppers there ate ss
poorly—grits, corn mush and molasses, greens, with a bit of fatback. :: A Concise Guide to Library Research Edn
The diet for white and Negro sharecroppers was much the same. But, ss
oddly enough, the whites suffered more severely from deficiency 3 - % Edm
diseases; the Negroes, also ill-fed, were relatively unaffected. The HH In my hairiest dope-fiend days, whenever | drove past a scien
mystery was not solved until the scientists learned that both whites 3: /ibrary I’d experience waves of gratitude to those inside M,
brave oes their staple foods for who were doing what | knew | could not: opening the ay
way, 4 tastes palatability of the somewhat tasteless provender. But then the whites ,-
low par. cut inic +o threw away the cook ing water; using the so-called potlikker was ss library - time, keeping track of the books, p atiently Spilt
an wife socially unacceptable. With the discarded liquid went the nutrients rH explaining again how to use the card catalog, daily Cata
Ae ai that had been leached away by long boiling. The Negroes, uninfluenced $3 dispensing invaluable free information, all without fan- |
I cup te a P by the social stigma attached to potlikker, drank it and used it to 3: fare. This here is a book of what’s ina library and how area
F _—s soak corn bread, recapturing the essential vitamins and minerals. # to get at it ship,
HH [Suggested by Craige Schensted]
:: The Concise Guide to Library Research
ss Grant W. Morse
s: 1966, 1967; 214 pp.
HH $.75 postpaid
ss from:
ss Washington Square Press, Inc.
ss 630 Fifth Avenue
ss New York, N. Y. 10020
33 or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
ss B238 General works and histories of science
3 A Guide to the History of Science, by G. Sarton, 1952, Chronica
ss Botanica Co. Includes a classified bibliography of the subject.
ss A History of Technology, 5 vols., 1954—1958, Oxford. Scholarly
HH and readable account of the development of technology from
HH earliest times, chronologically arranged.
&: Introduction to the History of Science, by G. Sarton, 3 vols., 1927—
WHAT'S WRONG WITH THIS PHRASE?
At first glance, seemingly nothing. But with
closer reading the repetition of the word THE
pecomes obvious. Because we generally read
1948, Williams & Wilkins. From Homer to the fourteenth century,
including good biographies and bibliographies.
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 15 vols.,
PH 2nd ed., 1965, and yearbooks, 1961—, McGraw-Hill. Very compre-
? ; hensive. One should use the index volume.
patterns rather than slowly
ee page it is easy for the eye to skip = Smithsonian Institution, 1847— (annual). U.S. Government Print-
ss ing Office. Very useful and authoritative.
aud Se ss Van Nostrand’s Scientific Encyclopedia, 3rd ed., 1958, Van
phrase “correctly. Light and Visiun 33 Nostrand.
*
Build-it-yourself Science Laboratory # Sourcebook on the Space Sciences _
Sourcebook on the Space Sciences
My youthful science investigations went about as far as the Ef your plan includes getting off the planet, and you don’t — _
tameability of wild animals and the thermo-dynamics of HH 3 care to be just an inert passenger or dumb tourist, this PP
breaking glass. Some kids go a lot further, and this book # book is the most useful——if a little outdated——single $9.95 postpaid
is for them. Stay out of the lab unless invited. 3 3 volume you'll find. Rockets, orbits, propulsion, guidance, F
Ear rrestrial man. rom:
[S: ggested by Fernando L. Nevarez] p — pP to it, Van Nostrand-Reinhold
3 will you? New York, N. Y. 10001 Scie
Purpose: Harmonic motion is a movement or motion that repeats fH [Su ggested by E. G. Valens. ] °
itself. A pendulum is a good example of harmonic motion. When HH rere or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
two forces work together, the result is a pattern of movement that ss NEW FIRST FULL LAST NEW
combines the movements of both forces. The harmonograph records 38 _ MOON oR, MOON eb — Cons
such movement in pleasing and unusual designs. writi
Materials: Wood for stand, piece of plywood, two wooden rods about 33 (OR PARABOLA) in Se
5’ long, two metal collars, two cans, two clamps for the rods, four ss INJECTION 20¢ |
spikes, cement for the cans. ss fs
Build-it-yourself Science Laboratory artic!
Ravmond E. Barrett ss
ee print
from:
Doubleday & Co., Inc. = < gives
50! Franklin Street s 6 of ea
Garden City, L. 1.,N. 11531 = from
$5.95
1 sf \f a spacecraft is launched near to, i.e., within a few hundred miles
postpaid c. = so of, Earth’s surface into an elliptical orbit that extends out to 10 Cata
HH Roeri/2R 1/20; the required injection velocity
or is then as muc 95 percent of the gh a free
3 to the Moon, some 60 Earth radii distant, R
WHOLE EARTH 1/120 and the injection velocity is over 99 t
‘CATALOG amps escape value.
Saban HH Variation of surface temperature at center of
100 Moon’s disc during a lunation; points observed by
“180 0 +90 +180 W.M. Sinton and by R.W. Shorthill, full curve
PHASE ANGLE (DEGREES) calculated by W.M. Sinton
‘ ss
AP
‘
‘
ag
HH
se
e
ss colore
ss
e
is book grew out of a smaller volume
for Science Teachers
in Devastated Areas whose production
was sponsored by UNESCO right after
World War Ii. It was meant for use in
schools whose buildings and labs had
peon destroyed and soon found its way
into the hands of peaple who had never
had these things to begin with.
it solves the problem of schools, commun-
ities—people—who want to do‘live’ science
without money or equipment. There
isn’t any experiment in it which would
be too costly for any of us to do. The
book tells you how to put together the
equipment you need: real clever ways of
making glass cutters, balances, burners,
telescopes, microscopes, etc. A lot of
what you need to do the experiments
is just stuff you’d have around the
house. The rest can be gotten [very
low cost stuff} at the drugstore,
hardware, junk yard, etc.
Edmund Scientific
Many of the items we found independently
Dr. Nim, 700 Science Experiments, Geo-D-Stix, 3
Spilhaus Space Clock, etc., turned up in the Edmund
Catalog, so we were obliged to recognize that in this
area we’ve been preceded. They list 4,000 items, they a :
DMUND
ship, and their catalog is free.
ted]
FON WITH SCIENCE
OF SOAP BUBBLES
Create endless complex shapes,
study and enjoy their fascinating
behavior. Learn about liquid skins,
pressures, jets, electrical conduc:
tion and the membrane theory of
stress distribution. Chemist de-
signed kit includes special, longer-lasting, lower-cost
bubble formulation (makes several gallons). Sticks with
poly connectors and wire bending jig to make bubble
frames, plus 190-pg. book on subject by C. V. Boys.
Complete instructions. No. 70,742 $6.00 Ppd.
Formulation only. No. 40,782 $3.00 Ppd.
“THINK STICKS” THE MODERN KITS FoR INDUSTRIAL,
EDUCATIONAL, FUN USES... VISUALIZE IN 3 DIMENSIONS
Here is the ideal visualizing and demonstration tool for teachers;
learning aid for students in mathematics, physics, chemistry, by ="
and Excellent for Science Fair H
artists find them fascinating and extremely useful.
In mathematics, Think-Sticks Kits are used to construct geometric
figures ranging from triangles and cubes to such multiple sided
‘ figures as icosahedrons and dodecahedrons. In a classes, models
ate made to determine functional and esthetic efficiency.
tural and engineering instructors mock up girders, trusses
frameworks; and demonstrate the nature and effect of sti
State University of Washington, for example, is now using
its Architectural and Engineering Laboratories.
Professional uses aside, Think-Sticks open new horizons of fun,
knowledge and experimentation for any youngster. Ease of
a
durability make Think-Sticks much superior to old-fashioned wood or
netal kits. Ye” diameter plastic or birch sticks fit smooth!
polyethylene joints having sleeves—form rigid structures. (Con-
nectors can now be — separately. T-connector —
KIT No. 70,211.) Complete instructions included. Money
set. 220 pieces... 5,6, & Ssieeve fills the needs of
colored Think-Sticks.
Think-Stick to pa
es KIT Ne. 70,218. ideal for assembly through); 2, 3, 4, 5
of models, transmission towers, and and 12” colored Think-Sticks; No. Type ~ Pkg. of
for anyone with advanced interests. and long length of
370 pieces including 5, 6, &sleeve | Think-Sticks which can be cut
connectors; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and to any size required
12” colored Think-Sticks. Complete own
Scientific American SERVING VIOLENCE
. Frank Barron, Murray E. Jarvik & Sterling Bun-
Offprints nell, Jr. THE HALLUCINOGENIC DRUGS
John R. Nichols HOW OPIATES CHANGE
BEHAVIOR
Consistently the best science Lawrence Zelic Freedman “TRUTH DRUGS
writing and illustrating appears pny M. Smite THE POLYGRAPH
B. Calhoun POPULATION DENSITY
in Scientific American. For AND SOCIAL PATHOLOGY
20¢ (2/ in England) you can Robert Rosenthal & Lenore F. Jacobson TEACH-
ta full col r fan ER EXPECTATIONS FOR THE DISADVAN-
cata ogo ort- Marshall D. Sablins THE ORIGIN OF
Prints is well organized and SOCIETY
springs, tools, toys, art. Cast
Edmund is the best source we know of for low-cost ~S> Ze aluminum jig with cutting blade,
scientific gadgetry (including math and optics gear). of 4 fulcrum & bending pins handles
has up to %4” steel wire. 100 illus-
2 SUC trated projects.
ck guarantee.
KIT Ne. 78,288. ideal introductory KIT We. 78,211. Adequately
or all geo- a professiona
metric structures and many artistic level. 452 pieces include 5, SEPARATE CONNECTORS, UNPAINTED ores
designs. Postpa an sleeve; and T-con-
- id nectors. (T-connector allows
designs. 1 4
tit. $5.00 Postpaid $7.00 Postpaid —P-60,112 24” Sticks 1
Leonard Berkowitz THE EFFECTS OF OB
700 Science Experiments for Everyone
Also the book is unusually well written.
There’s no bullshit in it and it doesn’t
talk down to the reader. Just very
straightforward instructions with illus-
trations that are highly readable. in
most cases you arent told the outcome
of the experiment, an aspect which
makes you much more interested in
doing it.
[Reviewed by Jane Burton]
700 Science Experiments for Everyone
1958; 250 pp. ia
$4.50 postpaid
from:
Doubleday & Company, Inc.
501 Franklin Avenue
Garden City, L.I., N.Y. 11531
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
or Edmund Scientific
EASILY BEND WIRE INTO USEFUL SHAPES 3
Turn wire, coat hangers, etc. into rH
peg board hardware, stakes,
No. 40,870 $2.00 Ppd.
Order from:
Edmund Scientific Company
100 Edscorp Building
Architec-
, towers,
ress. The
these in
use and
y into 1”
only with
schools,
clea NAW (6° TOOANG
unpainted P-60,108 (A) 5-sleeve
for your —p.60'110 (C) &sleeve
gives a good capsule description
article (700 to choose THE CONTROL OF AIR
rom).
William L. Langer THE BLACK DEATH
[Suggested by Jane Burton] Bernard Berelson & Ronald Freedman A STUDY
IN FERTILITY CONTROL
Catalog Charles F. Hockett THE ORIGIN OF SPEECH
Wiliam W. Howells THE DISTRIBUTION OF
free from: MAN =
W. H. Freeman & Company
660 Market Street THE ORIGIN OF CITIES ge
San Francisco, CA 94104 Herbert Butterfield THE SCIENTIFIC REVO-
LUTION
Edward S. Deevey, Jr. THE HUMAN POPU-
LATION
Theodosius Dobzhansky THE PRESENT EVO-
LUTION OF MAN
Another way to show that water
pressure increases with depth
Find a tall tin can. Punch holes up the side
of the can about 3 cm apart. Put a strip of
adhesive or plastic tape over the row of holes
and fill the can with water above the top hole.
Hold the can over a sink and strip the tape
from the holes beginning at the bottom.
Observe the streams and note the distances
travelled outwards from the can.
Water pressure is the same in all
directions
Punch holes around the base of a tall tin
can with a nail. Cover the holes as above
with a strip of tape. Fill the can with water
and strip off the tape while holding it over a
sink. Observe and compare the distance the
streams shoot out from the holes all around
the can.
Elementary Science Study
ESS has developed {and is developing), a number of interesting
science units for elementary-school-age children. Some of
these are in commercial publication through McGraw Hill.
Others are in the form of highly informative and useful
“working papers” available from ESS for nominal fees
’ (i.e. $.50). Even some of the commercial stuff is
cheap. Those units—and there are several—requiring
only teacher’s manuals and some ingenuity in locating
materials are frequently the most interesting and the
cheapest. The manuals are usually $1 or $1.50. In
addition ESS will send you their free newsletter. /t
usually has some feedback reports on the success (or
lack of it) of their Science materials, good recommendations
of books and stuff in the field of education, news of
interesting projects tried by individual science teachers,
and advance notice about ESS research. For any of the
above, write to:
55 Chapel Street
The commercial ESS materials (as well as materials
of Experiences in Science: Time, Space, and Matter;
ossils) are described and listed in the McGraw-Hill
Science Materials Catalog, available from:
Webster Division
McGraw-Hill Book Company
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63011
Newton, Mass. 02160
absolutely tight. Place the osmometer in a
glass of water and let it stand for a few hours.
Making smoke prints of leaves
Smoke prints of leaves may be easily made by
following the four steps shown in the diagrams.
Greased bottle Sucked
filled with woter
Cover the side of a smooth, round bottle
with a thin layer of grease or vaseline. Fill the
bottle with cold water and cork it tightly.
Hold the bottle over a candle flame until it is
covered evenly with soot. Place a leaf, vein
side up, on a layer of newspaper and roll the
sooty bottle over the leaf. Remove the leaf
and lay it vein side up on clean newspaper.
Cover the leaf with a sheet of white paper.
Next, roll over the white paper and leaf with
a clean round bottle or other roller.
Smoked leat
on clean
newspoper
[Suggested and reviewed by
Elementary Science Study Mrs. W. B. Mohin]
Education Development Center, Inc.
= An egg osmometer
‘ Place some dilute hydrochloric acid or strong 7
vinegar in a shallow dish, such as a saucer, to
a depth of about one centimetre. Hold the
. E large end of an egg in the acid until the shell a
; : has been eaten away on the end leaving the a
- : thin membrane exposed. Rinse the acid from ae
as j the egg. With a sharp instrument work a —
me small hole through the shell at the other end. ae
Insert a soda straw ora length of glass tubing
‘ : through the hole into the interior of the egg.
Wp Seal the opening around the tube with house-
hold cement or sealing wax. This must be
‘ Newspapers
=
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3
=
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Price ss -
50 $2.45 Ppa
50 $2.45 Ppd.
50 2.45 Pad. =
002.00 Ppa. $5 =
Catalog for Learning Things # Simple Working Models of Historic Machines The Attractive Universe D
All manner of dandy low-cost tool kits, materials, animal % —_ Far-out ingenuity revisited. : Soundly written, brilliantly illustrated guide to the inter-
cages, and funky classroom furniture. #3 active dominion of gravity. If | were orbiting the moon, I’d C
:: Simple Working Models of Historic Machines 33 want my understanding to be able to swim in this element or
33 Aubrey F. Burstall fish gh
1969; 79 pp. en
$3.95 postpaid 33 lis
an
ss from: HH ev
HH The M. |. T. Press HH m
50 Ames Street, Room 765
Cambridge, Mass. 02142
es se
; es 4
4 HH or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG ss The Attractive Universe
A ss E. G. Valens
2 3 ss 1969; 187 pp. Di
HH ss
# $5.95 postpaid
HH
ss from:
HH ss The World Publishing Company
ss $3 2231 West 110th Street
HH 83 Cleveland, Ohio 44102
33 3
ss or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
ss ss Cle
Oh
Te
Lic
Lic
Sli
WATER
Lever wis
4 gat
The Suction Pump.
*
He
from:
The Workshop for Learning Things Th
55 Chapel Street
Newton, Mass. 02160 al
sin
Several years ago, the Workshop ran across triple-thick corrugated pre
cardboard for the first time. We began to design and build with it, me
wondering how many conventional building materials——lumber, ma
plywood, masonite——it might replace. Since then, we've used
thousands of sheets of it, much of it in workshops working with
people using it for the first time. It has given us all a part in
shaping learning environments. Ho
This laminated cardboard is three layers thick and comes in very G.f
large sheets. It is inexpensive, compared to plywood, yet it is 194
strong. Used with a good eye for its strengths and shortcomings, it
can be as durable in a classroom as more expensive materials. Fur- $1
thermore, it can be worked with simple tools and requires few or
no woodworking skills. The inventory of things made by teachers fror
in recent workshops is endless. . . chairs, carts, tables, easels, play- Dor
houses, jungle gyms, boats, giant globes, cages, aquariums, desks, 501
carrels, seesaws, sandboxes. . . . This combination of cardboard, Gar
tools, techniques, and people we call Cardboard Carpentry
or
BASIC CARDBOARD CARPENTRY TOOL KIT Wheels 1,2; 5,6, 78;11,12- Bevel gears, 1:1 ratio
5 10-point carpenter saws 2 wooden wrenches Wheels 3,4;9,10:- Spur gears, 1:1 ratio
2 keyhole saws 8 dowels (%”’ by 36”)
3 double bladed hack 1 die The Chinese South-pointing Chariot If we allow Star B to orbit for a longer time, something else occurs.
2-pering knives 2 spring clamps Star B is falling into an elliptical orbit, fut in addition, Star A itself
2 wooden mallets 40 threaded wooden nuts A full-scale machine of this kind was used in ceremonial processions begins to m i Why? , -
2 point hole punches (%"’) 15 dowels (%"' by 36’’) in China between A.D. 120 and 250. It seems that its purpose must ° v
1%" hole cutter 10 threaded dowels (%"’ by 36’) have been simply to cause awe and wonder in the onlookers since Star B responds to a bending of space caused by Star A. But Star B
6 yardsticks 2 rolls cloth tape (2”’) whichever way the chariot was turned the figure on the top always itself, by virtue of its very existence, causes an additional curvature
1 bottle white glue pointed in the same direction. This intriguing result was obtained in space, and this in turn affects Star A. Furthermore, Star B is
by means of differential gearing, very similar to that used in the moving, and it literally carries the additional curvature along with
$75.00 back-axle of the present-day motor vehicle. Possibly pin gears it. The shape of space is now changing constantly and the originally
weighs 20 pounds were used in the originals, though this is not certain. stationary star is thus set in motion.
Architecture #3 Plants and Man
ee
! don’t know that architecture is a useful term or profession 3 This is a terrific book about plants and agriculture. We
any more. This book gets a kid into building stuff and some :: haven't seen the other books in the Nature and Science
of the traditional considerations in doing that. #: series from Natural History Press, but if they’re as good,
33 they ‘ve got something.
# Plants and Man
H. L. Edlin
Architecture 1969; 253 pp.
Forrest Wilson se
1968; 96 pp. HH $6.95 postpaid Gui
$6.95 postpaid from:
HH Doubleday & Company, Inc.
from: ss 501 Franklin Avenue ,
Van Nostrand-Reinhold 3 Fe Garden City, N. Y. 11531 Gui
450 West 33rd Street $3 =a Boo
New York, N. Y. 10001 HH SS: or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Wor
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG Ree
$1.
=e: As food for humans, corn is infer-
ior to wheat and some other cer-
PROJECT 4 — BUILD A CORBEL eals because it contains very little
Fk, ss (WN a protein. The absence of protein
Materials: Box of sugar cubes. 33 KS = means that cornstarch does not form od |
Procedure: Place cubes on top of each other with the end cube of __ If you construct two such corbels rH RAS B = gluten when it is mixed with water, ow
each course (row) projecting about one third of its length over the opposite each other, ten or eleven = OY r = and so corn bread has a rougher 1
front edge of the cube beneath it. You will notice that unless there cubes high and about five inches ss . + texture than wheat and rye loaves
are enough cubes behind the projecting end cubes the construction apart so that the top cubes meet ss made from the “stretched” dough or W
will fall forward. You will also notice that it is possible to stack the each other, you will have a pyra- 3 (full of air pockets) that gluten E
cubes higher if the projection is shorter. There is a relationship of midal opening. This is how corbels ss p provides. Even so, corn has .
projection to height in a corbel the same as there was in the column.
are used to span openings.
c
A
When you have made the structure, hold it in your hand and gently
squeeze. If it does not feel rigid but moves in your hand look for
the configurations that move. You will find that these invariably
are not triangluated. Glue toothpicks across their corners to make
them rigid.
150
The six principal types of maize.
ancestor of modern corn; (B) dent corn; (C) flint corn; (D)
popcorn; (E) flour corn; (F) sweet corn.
formed the principal diet of many
peoples in Central and South
America for several thousand years.
D
{A) pod corn, a probable
4
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Directory of Accredited Private Home Penn State Correspondence School #: Your Future In...
Study Schools + #
HE Penn State is Number One, at least in correspondence courses Hy “Career” is too heavy a word anymore. Fewer and fewer
Care to study up on diamond-cutting at home? Electronic # that have relevance to agriculture. Cornell University recom- 33 oeople are spending a lifetime on only one kind of work,
q organ repair? Truck maintenance? Paper making? Penman. # ended them to me and am | glad. All the courses have “x” i Still, when you go into something——publishing, music,
t ship? Radio? Tractor repair? Calculus? Welding? Concrete 3 pages of written material followed by a “test” that is “graded” computer science, what have you——chances are you Wl
engineering? Sign lettering? Plastics? This amazing catalog % y someone in State College (if you desire); and returned. i spend a few years at least doing little else. This series
lists all the subjects available and what schools carry them 3; Naturally, with so many courses, the quality is varied. I’ve HH 3 /ooks to be very useful for checking out what you're in
and where to write the school. From here on, we need your 33 read maybe two dozen of them. They are extremely valuable 3 HH : for, and for getting into the thick of it quickly. The one
evaluation: are these correspondence courses worth it? How # in areas where the reader has absolutely no knowledge. The $3 we've seen is about International Service, and it’s solid
much do they cost? Who’s best for quality or low-cost? 3 Penn State introduction obtained with no small degree of $3 — bapreip mr sy It jc $4. If you're only browsing,
HH authority enables one to more intelligently choose more 33 check ti is series in a library.
[Suggested by D. Mayerson] 3 advanced material (which is not always necessary) without 33
$3 waste of too much time and money in shotgun searches 33 Catalog — oan
Directory of Accredited Privat through libraries and/or bookstores. | recommend partic-
ited Frivate 33 ularly their survey on Poultry Keeping. 3: free
Home Study Schools # y ping 3 ioe
trom: [Suggested and reviewed by John E. Schultz]
National Home Study Council Hy iH 29 East 21st Street ;
1601 Eighteenth Street, N. W. 3: Catalog 33 New York, N. Y. 10010
Washington, D. C. 20009 3 33
# free 3
Cleveland Institute of Electronics, 1776 East 17th Street, Cleveland, 3 from: $3
Ohio 44114. Founded 1934. Electronics Technology; Electronics $3: Correspondence Courses HH
Technology with Laboratory; Broadcast Engineering; First-Class FCC s$ The Pennsylvania State University HH
License; Electronic Communications (including 2nd Class FCC ss 202 Agricultural Education Building HH
License); Carrier Telephony; Electronics Engineering; Electronic ss University Park, PA 16802 3
Slide Rule and Operation; Industrial Electronics and Automation. Cc dl
Coast Navigation School, 418 East Canon Perdido, Santa Barbara, 3 97. FARM MANAGEMENT. De peer aes phones of farm Ey areers Covered In
California 93101. Founded 1966. Courses in Air navigation; Coast. 33 anagem This Series
wise navigation and piloting; Celestial navigation; Celestial airnavi- 33 the ond
ion; and the Elements of boathandling, seamanship, and sailing. 3 ss
gation; g, P. 9. ss as an efficient approach to farm management; to the farmer as a HH
HH review and summary. 8 Lessons, 10 Study Points Accounting Law
HH 103. POTATO GROW! NG. Eight lessons provide information on Advertising Law Enforcement
seeiicccccccccscsccccccccccccsccsasscsesccssssessssesess siessscscscssnscssesssese factors concerned with potato production. History and importance ss Aeronautic Library Work
: of the potato on a worldwide basis are explained. The present-day $3 Engineering Magazine
ss varieties to use are described, as well as the various steps in growing ss Aerospace Publishing
* HH and marketing the crop. The uses and food value of the tubers are $: Agriculture Marine Architect
How to Solve It = discussed and also how to store and care for seed and eating tubers. ss Air Conditioning Marines
rH 8 Lessons, 11 Study Points HH Air Force Marketing
This is the best book | know of for lining up a problem for 3 105. DAIRY GOATS. These lessons treat the origin, characteristics, 33 Airline Stewardess Mechanical
*“‘sfogical solution. The emohesis is on th, but it i 3s and adaptation of the breeds of milk goats. Breeding and feeding are ss Architecture Engineering
a logical sO . phas math, itis $5 —_— fully covered, and special attention is given to care and management. ss A Medical
simple logic and can easily be applied to all forms of s: Excellent illustrations of equipment and housing are enclosed. i ieee Science Technology
problem identification and analysis. Better yet is that the 3 ® Lessons, 10 Study Points 3 Automobile Merchant Marine
methods shown really work even on personal decision- HH Industry Metallurgical
making binds. Essentially it’s head-straigh tener. Aviation Engineer
+4 Banking Meteorology
[Suggested and reviewed by Jay Baldwin] s: Beauty Culture Mining Engineer
Inventor's paradox. The more ambitious plan may have more HH Book Publishing § Modeling
How to Solve It chances of success. 3 a. —
G. Polya This sounds paradoxical. Yet, when passing from one problem 3 Civil ao ne Navy
1945; 253 pp. to another, we may often observe that the new, more ambitious :: Coast Guard we Energy
$1.45 postpaid problem is easier to handle than the original problem. More HH Commercial Art Nursing |
4 questions may be easier to answer than just one question. The 3s Credit Field Occupational
hom: more comprehensive theorem may be easier to prove, the more =: Dental Assisting Therapy
Doubleday enti Co general problem may be easier to solve. 3: Dental Hygiene Optometry
3 Dietitian wn Business .
Garden City, NY. 11631 HOW TO SOLVE IT 3 Direct Selling Personnel
Drafting Pharmacy
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM 33
, What is the unknown? What are the data? What is the condition? 3 Electronic — Physics
Is it possible to satisfy the condition? Is the condition sufficient to 55 Elementary School Printing
s. You have to understand determine the unknown? Or is it insufficient? Or redundant? Or # Teaching Public Relations
If the problem. contradictory? HH Fashion Design oo
Draw a figure. Introduce suitable notation. Fivine ‘a
be Separate the various parts of the condition. Can you write them down? 35 Food Retailing Restaurant
Food Technology Retailing
orestry retarial Wo
33 Securities
Second. Have you seen it before? Or have you seen the same problem ina p peon, A Social Work
slightly different form? Home Economist Technology
Fi connection between Hospital ports
a related problem? Do you know a theorem that could A dministration Stereoph
liged HH ote eaching
to consider pl gs —— Look at the unknown! And try to think of a familiar problem having Management Television
P the same or a similar unknown. Industrial Theater
if an immediate connection : : ss Engineering Trucking
cannot be found. Here isa problem related to yours and solved before. Could you use it? 55 Interior Design Veterinary
You should obtain eventually Could you use its result? Could you use its method? Should you intro 53 ae ee —
a plan of the solution. duce some auxiliary element in order to make its use possible? po or
Could you restate the problem? Could you restate it still differently?
Go back to definitions.
Guinness Book of World Records
Handshaking. The world record for handshaking was set by
Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919), as President of the U.S.A., when
he shook hands with 8,513 people at a New Year’s Day White House
Presentation 4 pment 1, 1907. Outside public life, the record is
Mn: 2 g 37,500 hands in 7 hours 15 minutes 18 seconds by George Borkowski,
Guinness An astonishing amount of conversation in in London on February 22, 1967
Book of the Western World is spent agreeing or mae
World disagreeing on the extremes of
Records experience. Maybe it’s some primordial 1752), a grazier of Heckingson, Lincolnshire, England,
never a modern ri ‘is cons: of 1754 to
$1.2 ' urge to know where we are in the uni 1816 was 226,934, with « peak ‘annual total of 51,390 in 1814. He i
25 postpaid verse. Whatever, it’s deep. This book also recorded as ‘having drunk 40,000 bottles of medicine before
, from: is automatic conversation; whoever’s ___ death overtook him at the surprisingly advanced age of 65.
— Book ding it has to start reading aloud. And HIGHEST HABITATION: This “silver hut.” tested tebernsery exccacg
reacing nas ng at ao of 18,765 f the Ming Bo V. mountains ded gh afflicting
of tee ‘Tima The it attack of h that k
Madi son A whoever’s around has to listen and respond. wes ter foo of Himalayan
orm ison Ave. t times in an ai ic! rom 13,
er New York, N.Y. Weird. Painless education though. raving Pintiba (or Bing fou 1948, to June 1, 1956, apart from a week's respite in 1951.
10016 tn, 1501. They with Sem sock 195 34 ln, People set 60,000 suggestions
and ea rats. In September, 1957, Chinese Government
EARTH single year by a private citizen is an estimated $105,000,000 in 1927 annual income of peasants was 42 yuans per head. In 1964, China's = Sneezing
CATALOG by the Chicago gangster Alphonse (“Scarface Al”) Capone (1899- average income per head was estimated at $70 a the daily calorie The most chronic sneezing fit ever recorded was that of June
1947). This was derived from illegal liquor trading and alky-cookers intake at 2,200 (see page 298 for highest intake Clark, pom 17, of Miami, Florida, Sibe started sneezing on January
y (illicit stills), g dog tracks, dance halls, Returm of Cash. The t amount of a ever found and 4, 1966, while recovering from a kidney ailment ome M.
“protection” rackets and vice. On his business card Capone des- returned to its owners was $2 000 in unmarked $10 and $20 bills Jackson’ Memorial Hospital, Miami. The sneezing was stopped by
aa cribed himself as a “Second Hand Furniture Dealer.” Henry Ford, found in a street in Los Angeles, by Douglas William Johnston, an high aversion” treatment on June 8, py ey nlp ol pa
the frst (1863-1947) cared about $70,000,000 per annum at hit unemployed Negro, in March, 1961. He received many letters, of ve heen measured to
peak. which 25 per cent suggested that he was insane. r travel is 105.6 m.p ,
|
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Psychology Today: An Introduction
My god, they've done it~—and I’m stunned. After spending
more years than | care to remember dealing with this sort of
subject matter, | expected to skim through this book, and |
tried——for hour after hour after hour. First off, it’s the
most fantastic visual presentation I’ve ever encountered in
a textbook; every page is arresting and imaginative and many .
are clearly and simply beautiful. It’s the first time I’ve ever
seen such consistent remembering that the subject under
study is that of me and you and our fellows. This would
surely be the book to start with for anyone interested in
finding out what psychology is all about. There are eight
major sections, each representing a main branch of the
field, and each being covered clearly and thoroughly. There
are two companion volumes, the Instructor’s Guide, and
the student’s workbook, Involvement in Psychology Today.
The Instructor’s Guide lists appropriate films and suggests
demonstrations for each section. “Involvement” is designed
to do just that——the suggested projects are unusual and
look like fun. There are good bibliographies here too,
for those interested in pursuing particular subjects further,
including a lot of wonderful books that didn’t used to be
considered proper.
These things about the content especially impress me: The
scientific study of behavior is treated cogently so that
anyone can learn the basics of scientific methodology.
And this without the usual accompanying tone that only
what’s measurable is worth studying, a tone that so pervades
many textbooks that as an undergraduate | despaired of
learning anything interesting or meaningful about human
beings. This stuff really turned me on to human behavior
and the study of it. The sections on drugs and craziness
are also impressive in that the subjects are tackled head-on;
there’s no evasiveness and no apparent prejudice. There is
lots of good information and, best of all, a powerful feeling
conveyed of what it’s all about.
The authors have clearly attempted to make this book
super-relevant to today’s world. They have succeeded.
[Reviewed by Diana Shugart]
Exercises
Orage, who edited “New Age”’ in the ‘thirties, knew everyone.
His favorites, like Pound, Gurdjieff and Ouspensky, were
certainly worth knowing. Those were the days when intellec-
tuals thought they could change the world just by pointing
out what was right and what was wrong. Hah! Anyway,
Orage had a secret kick, too, and it was exercising the grey
matter. For example: while reciting “Jack and Jill” write
down “Mary Had a Little Lamb”. For example: while you
are talking to someone, or reading this, count from 100 to 0
backwards by three’s. You'll find that with some practice
you really can do these things, just like learning to pat your
— while rubbing your head. And then where are you?
un.
[Suggested and reviewed by Stephan Chodorov]
*
The Savage Mind
Claude Levi-Strauss is the most famous — | mean, all
the anthropologists recommend — He’s so — | mean, so
what if he’s French — The most profound — Sartre
couldn’t — structural anthropology was what — Primitive
doesn’t mean — | mean, they knew what they were
doing — So when — It looks crazy to us of course — They
were just abstracting in a different — But you can analyze
it once you — So you see, ritual is the — If you never —
The Indians always — | mean, _ what makes you think
you're so logical?
[Suggested by Michael Harnen:
Not reviewed by Lily Tomlin.]
The Savage Mind
Claude Lévi-Strauss
1962, 1966; 290 pp.
$3.25 postpaid from:
University of Chicago Press
11030 South Langley Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60628
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Awake
REM Sleep
One
Two T
Three
Four
Psychol Tod An lI troduction
1970;
$24.95 postpaid
from:
CRM Books
1104 Camino Del Mar
Del Mar, CA 92014
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Speed kills
May hypothesizes that when a culture is moving toward integration
and unity, it has a system of symbols, myths, and values that give
integration to the members of society, and people are then relatively
free from psychological breakdown. But when a culture is in the
process of disintegration, it loses first of all its myths and symbols,
then its system of values that have been based on these myths.
Subsequently, people in large numbers come to seek psychological
help. May believes that therapy will remain a critical part of our
cultural scene until society discovers new myths and symbols to
Figure 7.14
Aggression elicited by shocks may be
displaced to a doll if another rat
is not present.
Read at sight the following unspaced passage in which each second
word has been spelled backwards:
ise
nogoutfothehcruhc. Thethginkwalksnwodfromsihseatnithelec
nahcbetweenadoubleworofsihtenantstahtstandgniwobtomihon
rehtomornosorrehtafdo,mohwheseodnoteesathcruhc——which
siunderstoodsaatercesreprimandotthenosrepthatsiabsent.
Psychological Exercises & Essays
age
PSYCHO- 1930... . 1968; 121 pp.
OGIC
from: ‘
Samuel Weiser
734 Broadway
New York, N. ¥, 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Several thousand Coahuila Indians never exhausted the natural
resources of a desert region in South California, in which today
only a handful of white families manage to subsist. They lived in
a land of plenty, for in this apparently completely barren territory,
they were familiar with no less than sixty kinds of edible plants
and twenty-eight others of narcotic, stimulant or medicinal prop-
erties (Barrows). A single Seminol informant could identify two
hundred and fifty species and varieites of plants (Sturtevant). Three
hundred and fifty plants known to the Hopi Indians and more than
five hundred to the Navaho have been recorded.
The real question is not whether the touch of a woodpecker's
beak does in fact cure toothache. It is rather whether there is a
point of view from which a woodpecker's beak and a man’s tooth
can be seen as “going together’ (the use of this congruity for
therapeutic purposes being only one of its possible uses), and
whether some initial order can be introduced into the universe
by means of these groupings. Classifying, as opposed to not
classifying, has a value of its own, whatever form the classification
may take.
replace those we are currently losing.
Let some prepared incident be staged and played before a group of
students, who shall afterwards report it correctly.
E.g., the lights are suddenly turned off. Student A. blows a police
whistle. He scuffles with Student B. and some noisy conversation
takes place between them. Student B. escapes, making some remark
as he bangs the door behind him. The lights are now turned up; and
the rest of the students are called upon to report fully, accurately
and in proper sequence the events of the episode.
Arrange the following sentences in order of their intellectual content;
and give reasons for your arrangement.
Where law ends, tyranny begins.
The road to Hell is paved with good intentions.
A desire in psychology has the same status as a force in physics.
Our antagonist is our helper.
The world is a comedy to those who think, a tragedy to those who feel.
Man’‘s character is his destiny.
A stitch in time saves nine.
A native thinker makes the penetrating comment that “‘All sacred
things must have their place” (Fletcher 2, p. 34). It could even be
said that being in their place is what makes them sacred for if they
were taken out of their place, even in thought, the entire order of
the universe would be destroyed. Sacred objects therefore contribute
to the maintenance of order in the universe by occupying the
places allocated to them. Examined superficially and from the
outside, the refinements of ritual can appear pointless. They are
explicable by a concern far what one might call ‘‘micro-adjustment”
——the concern to assign every single creature, object or feature to
a place within a class.
We have had to wait until the middle of this century for the
crossing of long separated paths: that which arrives at the physical
world by the detour of communication, and that which as we have
recently come to know, arrives at the world of communication by
the detour of the physical. The entire process of human knowledge
thus assumes the character of a closed system. And we therefore
remain faithful to the inspiration of the savage mind when we
recognize that, by an encounter it alone could have foreseen, the
scientific spirit in its most modern form will have contributed to
legitimize the principles of savage thought and to re-establish it in
its rightful place.
S792 2 T
= PSYCHOLOGY
11 pm 12m tam 2am 3 am 4am 5am 6 am
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feel.
Gestalt Therapy Verbatim
Frederick S. Perlis, M.D., Ph.D.
1969; 279 pp.
$3.50 postpaid
from:
Real People Press
939 Carol Lane
Lafayette, CA 94549
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Helpers are con men, interfering. People have to grow by frustration
-—by skillful frustration. Otherwise they have no incentive to
develop their own means and ways of coping with the world.
F: Okeh. Withdraw into your body, to your anxiety.
G: My—-! can feel my heart pounding, and my pulse is——and
my arms, and my legs, and my neck ... Actually it’s not a bad
feeling.
F: Enjoy it.
G: It's a good strong heart . . . | feel the warmth of the fire on
my back——that’s nice, too.
F: Now come back to us.
G: I’m not so scared now——it works every time, Fritz.
Now let’s take another step. You come up here and talk to me——just
say anything. (as the person speaks, Fritz imitates his words, voice
inflection, and facial expressions) Pair up and do this, and again try
to really get the feel of being this other person. ...
Now | want each one of you to transform yourself into something a
little bit more different. Say, transform yourself into a road. .. .
Now transform yourself into a motorcar. .. .
Now transform yourself into a six months-old baby .. .
Now transform yourself into the mother of that baby .. .
Now transform yourself into that same baby again. . .
Now the same mother...
Now the same baby .. .
Now be two years of age...
Now transform yourself into your present age, the age you are... Can
everyone perform that miracle?
Q: What is your opinion about meditation?
F: Meditation is neither shit nor get off the pot.
*
Love and Will
Here’s a book to disabuse you, and you, and you of any notions
you might have about there being anything very special in your
sufferings; or anything terribly unique about your dilemmas
and your fuck-ups. May describes our external and internal
environments in their relationship to each other with a mind-
blowing accuracy that evokes recognition——*’Yes, that’s me,
all right, and that’s just the way it is these days”. Far from
being brought down, one feels embraced by a warm intel-
ligence, and relieved that there are minds like May’s around.
A sort of psychological ecologist, May points to the price we
pay for every step of “social progress”, and suggests that if
perhaps we have unwittingly but consistently thrown out
the baby with the bath water, then maybe it’s time to find
the hell some other way to get clean.
[Reviewed by Diana Shugart]
Sex can be defined fairly adequately in physiological terms as con-
Sisting of the building up of bodily tensions and their release. Eros,
'n contrast, is the experiencing of the personal intentions and mean-
ing of the act. Whereas sex is a rhythm of stimulus and response,
eros is a state of being. The pleasure in sex is described by Freud
and others as the reduction of tension; in eros, on the contrary, we
wish not to be released from the excitement but rather to hang on
to it, to bask in it, and even to increase it. The end toward which
Sex points is gratification and relaxation, whereas eros is a desiring,
longing, a forever reaching out, seeking to expand.
All this is in accord with the dictionary definitions.
Gestalt Therapy Verbatim
* In and Out the Garbage Pail
Fritz Perls is not nearly as deceased as he seems. These two
books preserve his power for all to tap and use. They also, to
my mind, revolutionize the book industry. Gestalt Therapy
Verbatim /s made of tapes from Fritz’ seminars and workshops
at Esalen——and seldom will you find conflict, funk, truth and
accomplishment so thick in a book. tn and Out the Garbage
Pail is Fritz’ application of his methods to himself, through
the very writing. It’s autobiography, theory, poetry, and
Fritz’ many voices hassling each other through impasse into
growth. The illustrations by Russ Youngreen raise the book
by at least a dimension.
But all of this is derivative from Fritz Perls’ main accomplish-
ment. His psychology and his therapy . . . work.
[Suggested by Barry Stevens]
Look at the difference between the words “I! am tensing myself’ and
“There's a tenseness here."” When you say “‘! feel tenseness,”’ you're
irresponsible, you are not responsible for this, you are impotent and
you can't do anything about it. The world should do something——
give yOu aspirin or whatever it is. But when you say “I am tensing”
you take responsibility, and we can see the first bit of excitement
of life coming out. So stay with this sentence.
As soon as you say, “I want to change’’—make a program—a counter-
force is created that prevents you from change. Changes are taking
place by themselves. If you go deeper into what you are, if you
accept what is there, then a change automatically occurs by itself.
You see how you can use everything in adream. If you are pursued
by an ogre in a dream, and you become the ogre, the nightmare
disappears. You re-own the energy that is invested in the demon.
Then the power of the ogre is no longer outside, alienated, but
inside where you can use it.
You never overcome anything by resisting it. You only can overcome
anything by going deeper into it. If you are spiteful, be more spite-
ful. If you are performing, increase the performance. Whatever it
is, if you go deeply enough into it, then it will disappear; it will be
assimilated. Any resistance is no good. You have to go full into it——
swing with it. Swing with your pain, your restlessness, whatever is
there. Use your spite. Use your environment. Use all that you
fight and disown.
Gestalt Therapy Verbatim
Love and Will
Rollo May
AND 1969; 352
WI | | $6.95 postpaid
By from:
ROLLO MAY W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
55 Fifth Avenue
AUTHOR OF New York, N. Y. 10003
MAN'S SEARCH FOR HIMSELF
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
If we repress the daimonic, we shall find these powers returning to
“sicken”’ us; whereas, if we let them stay, we shall have to struggle
to a new level of consciousness in order to integrate them and not
be overwhelmed by impersonal power. And (what a refreshingly
honest motto to put up in a psychotherapist’s office!) either way will
hurt.
We cannot ignore or slough over Freud's discoveries without cutting
ourselves off from our own history, mutilating our own conscious-
ness, and forfeiting the chance to push through this crisis to a new
plane of consciousness and integration. Man's image of himself will
never be the same again; our only choice is to retreat before this
destruction of our vaunted ‘‘will power” or to push on to the inte-
gration of consciousness on new levels. | do not wish or “‘choose”’
to do the former; but we have not yet achieved the latter; and our
crisis of will is that we are now paralyzed between the two.
In and Out the Cochege Pail
Frederick S. Perils, M.D., Ph.D.
1969; 280 pp.
$4.00 postpaid
from:
Real People Press
939 Carol Lane
Lafayette, CA 94549
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
One remark that | get makes me embarrassed and angry: “When will
the book come out?”
“Will you please leave me alone and let me do my thing! | am glad
that | am excited and eager to write. | am glad to do something
that integrates your needs and mine. So, don’t push the river; it
flows by itself!”
But | am holding onto my credo: ‘‘! am responsible only for myself.
You are responsible for yourselves. | resent your demands on me, as
| resent any intrusion into my way of being.”
| know | am holding on just a bit too tight.
Topdog: Stop, Fritz. what are you doing?
Underdog: What do you mean?
Cope and withdraw, contract and expand, implode and explode——
like the heart imploding, contracting, and tien exploding, opening
to be filled. Permanent contracting leads to quick death, as does
permanent extension.
In and Out of the Garbage Pail
Just as the individual is feeling powerless and plagued with self-
doubts about his own decisions, he is, at the same time, assured
that he, modern man, can do anything. God is dead and are we
not gods——for have we not re-enacted Genesis by splitting the
atom in our own laboratories and over Hiroshima? Of course, we
did it in reverse: God made form out of chaos and we have made
chaos out of form, and it is a rare human being who is not, in some
secret place in his heart, scared to death that we shall not be able
to turn chaos into form again before it is too late.
If will remains protest, it stays dependent on that which it is pro-
testing against. Protest is half-developed will. Dependent, like the
child on parents, it borrows its impetus from its enemy. This
gradually empties the will of content; you always are the shadow
of your adversary, waiting for him to move so that you can move
yourself. Sooner or later, your will becomes hollow, and may then
be forced back to the next line of defense.
This next defense is projection of blame. We find an illustration in
every war of this unwitting confession of failure to integrate the
daimonic. In the Vietnam war, for example, Secretary Rusk and the
Administration blamed the Viet Cong for the escalation, and the Viet
Cong——and those/in this country opposed to the war——blamed Rusk
and our own Administration. The self-righteous security that is
achieved by means of this blaming of the other gives one a temporary
Satisfaction. But beyond the gross oversimplification of our historical
situation which this exhibits, we pay a more serious price for such
security. We have tacitly given the power of decision over to our
adversary.
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Valtox Drug Identification Kit
In three minutes, at about a nickel a test, you can selectively
identify benzedrine, dexedrine, methedrine, opium, heroin,
codeine, morphine, barbiturates, cocaine, LSD, marihuana,
hashish, STP, peyote, and drugs such as aspirin, antihist-
amines, etc. The manufacturer prefers to do business with
police departments, schools, and hospitals.
Valtox Master Kit
$49.50 postpaid
from:
Valley Toxicology Service
P. O. Box 1048
Davis, CA 95616
*
Drugs from A to Z
This is a dope-to-English dictionary, amazingly thorough
(if occasionally astray) and surprisingly useful. | wonder
if there will soon be Berlitz courses in the language.
Drugs from A to Z: A Dictionary
Richard R. Lingeman
1969; 277 pp.
$2.95 postpaid
from:
McGraw-Hill Paperbacks
Princeton Road
Hightstown, N. J. 08520
Manchester Road
Manchester, Mo. 63062
8171 Redwood Highway
Novato, CA 94947
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
*
The Hallucinogens
how to drive, and you damn well shouldn’t go playing “eat
me” and “drink me” unless you know what you're about.
Here, in a book ostensibly for the medical profession, is
the whole story to date. Hoffer and Osmond know more
about this field than anyone else in the world, and their
sages of our times, working quietly in his own way to find
out the nature of human nature. (He is a leading researcher
into schizophrenia, the coiner of the word “psychedelic”,
personality types. There are at least a few pages on every
ss hallucinogen you've ever heard of, and on a lot you haven't;
8: e.g.: the “dream fish” kyphosus fuscus, and the plants the
8: ancient Norse used to induce the state of “‘berserk’’ (and
8: why it became, among themselves, illegal.) Where previous
8s experimenters have used themselves as guinea-pigs, their
8: diaries are reprinted, e.g.: Wasson’s trips with psilocyba
ss mushrooms. In most cases, Osmond has tried the stuff
83 himself; and he is a very patient, understanding and aware
83 guinea-pig indeed. For people who remember their college
ss chemistry, the molecular diagrams are here, for people
8: who want to read more an exhaustive index shows you
83 the way. This is a source book of knowledge, but by the
33 by Osmond has two main observations of a philosophical
s3 nature: 1) man has been looking for hallucinogens from
8: the beginning, and has been finding them, and 2) you
$3 don’t get something for nothing. ‘You can believe this
33 man; he has smoked with the best of them, and popped
$3 things into his mouth that haven't been tried in a few
centuries.
8: Warning: not reading this book may be injurious to your
ss health.
# [Suggested and reviewed by Stephan Chodorov]
a thaffer corel
The Hallucinogens
ss A. Hoffer and H. Osmond
ss 1967; 626 pp.
3s $25.00 postpaid
$3 from:
ss Academic Press
:: 111 Fifth Avenue
ss New York, N. Y. 10003
83 or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
ss Perhaps nutmeg pastry is popular because of the myristicin it con-
ss tains. A feeling of well-being, following the ingestion of these cakes,
$3 might easily lead to a conditioned reaction to this pastry. In the
8s same way it is likely that adrenoxy! is used by surgeons because of
ss_ the feeling of well-being it induces in their patients, and not because
ss it is a valuable hemostatic agent (Hoffer and Osmond, 1960). The
HH euphorient or relaxant properties of nutmeg and of myristicin should
ss be examined carefully. Too little attempt has been made by modern
ss man to discover safe plant antitension and euphorient remedies.
loaded. [from the sense of load, a heavy weight; one who is “carry-
ing a load” is “burdened” by a heavy intoxication] in a state of drug
intoxication (not limited to alcoholic intoxication).
loco. MARIJ UANA. Compare MEXICAN LOCOWEED.
long con. a major, elaborately plotted confidence game. Compare
SHORT CON.
lophophorine. one of the alkaloids found in the hallucinogenic
PEYOTE cactus.
Lorfan. [LEVALLORPHAN tartrate, Roche Laboratories] a synthetic
NARCOTIC antagonist which acts to reverse the effects of the OPIATE
analgesics. Lorfan is customarily injected along with the opiate in
order to lessen the danyer of respiratory depression from the latter
without impairing analgesia. Used alone, Lorfan may itself induce
severe respiratory depression; hence, it is recommended that it be
administered in conjunction with an opiate except in emergencies.
It is also valuable in cases of accidental or deliberate narcotic over-
dosages resulting in respiratory depression (along with other medical
measures). Lorfan is not effective against BARBITURATE-induced
respiratory depression. Compare NALORPHINE, NALLINE.
You wouldn't nose out onto the freeway if you didn’t know
aim is to investigate it further. Osmond is one of the unsung
the doctor who gave Huxley his mescalin, and is into a hundred
other interesting things, including the reliability of the Jungian
Acorus calamus is a plant known in Asia, Europe, and North America
for its medicinal properties. It was also known as flag root, rat root,
and sweet calomel. During the great depression of the 1930's it was
chewed in England by people unable to buy tobacco.
Recently one of our informants well acquainted with the habits of
the Indians of northern Canada, reported his personal experiences with
rat root collected in northern Alberta by the Cree. He reported that
nearly all the Indians over age 40 used rat root regularly but the
younger Indians were unfamiliar with it and its use was discouraged
by physicians who practiced there. Rat root users seemed to be healthier,
and were not subject to alcoholism. The Indians used rat root (a) as
an antifatigue medicine (they chewed about 1 inch of the dried root
which had a diameter equal to a pencil); (b) as an analgesic for
relieving toothache, headache, etc; (c) for relief of asthma; (d) for
oral hygiene, and (e) to relieve hangover.
Our informant had over the years tested these medicinal qualities
and generally confirmed them. It was particularly effective for allevi-
ating fatigue. On one occasion, he walked 12 miles in the northern
woods to fight a forest fire. He was out of condition and was exhausted
at the end of the march. He chewed and swallowed 2 inches of rat
root. Within 10 minutes the fatigue vanished and on the return march
he seemed to be walking 1 foot above the ground and felt wonderful.
The effect was very unlike amphetamine. On his return home he
was very exhausted but after a night's sleep was normal.
LSD was used not only in ‘‘Island,’” but in Chicago to relieve pain. It
has powerful analgesic properties. Kast and Collins (1964) gave LSD
to a group of patients many of whom knew they were dying of terminal
cancer. In addition to their relief from pain some of the patients de-
veloped a peculiar disregard for the gravity of their situation. They
spoke freely of their impending death with much less depression
than they had had previously. The newer attitude to death lasted much
longer than the analgesic action. It is likely those who have a visionary,
psychedelic or transcendental reaction may equate this-with life after
death. This would account for the new more beneficial frame of
mind for those patients who were dying.
One of our subjects recently told us that since his psychedelic exper-
ience several years ago, he no longer feared death.
There is a difference between LSD and other hallucinogenic com-
pounds. LSD seems in small doses to act as a stimulant not unlike
amphetamines, in larger doses it seems to possess a depressant effect.
Other hallucinogenic compounds tend to have depressant effects at
all the dose levels.
We had, as we later learned, merely hit upon a solution to alcoholism
which the Native American Church of North America, or its
antecedent groups, had used long before. According to Slotkin
(1956) the Indians believed peyote took away the desire for strong
drink and claimed that hundreds of drunkards had been ‘‘dragged
from their downward way." The small band of Indians in Saskat-
chewan who allowed us to observe their ceremonies one night,
explained that their religion based upon God and the use of peyote
to reach Him included three important principles: (a) The member
must be a good man, (b) he must educate himself, and (c) he must
not drink. Thus we can only conclude that the peyote religion is
the chief variable. Several Indians related to us how they had
achieved sobriety only after this church.
The bark of the root of Tabernanthe iboga contains about 12 alka-
loids (Downing, 1962). Of these the best known is ibogaine, a trypt-
amine derivative. This plant, named in 1889 by Baillon, was used by
the natives of West Africa and the Congo to increase resistance against
fatigue and tiredness and as an aphrodisiac. Dybowski and Landrin
(1901) extracted the psychologically active alkaloid which they named
ibogaine. They reported that the natives considered the plant equiva-
lent or similar to alcohol, that it was a stimulant which did not disturb
the thought processes of the user.
*
Megavitamin Therapy
Word has been drifting around for some while now about the
use of massive doses (like 3 grams) of niacin (vitamin B-3)
as a sanity drug. For example, to help terminate or lighten
a bum LSD session. To alleviate anxiety states. To accom-
plish, with time, possible cure of schizophrenia. This pam-
phlet has all the basic information you need, including
suppliers of niacin.
Megavitamin Therapy
20 pp.
$.25 postpaid
from:
Better Health Center
5629 State Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44134
The megavitamin therapy is not intended to cure vitamin deficiencies.
For that, generally, much lower dosages are needed, and natural
vitamin preparations are recommended. Physicians using the
megavitamin therapy know that the illnesses treated by it are not
vitamin deficiencies.
The megavitamin therapy is used for schizophrenia, neurosis, hypo-
glycemia, alcoholism, anxiety states, malvaria, arthritis, senility,
hyperlipemia, hypercholesterolemia, coronaries and LSD poisoning.
In the megavitamin therapy the vitamins are used to balance the
faulty body chemistry. They were selected because they are inex-
pensive, can be taken orally, and have no dangerous side effects,
even if taken in large dosages for a short period, or continuously -
in the maintenance dosages.
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*
The Job
Burroughs’ domain is the interface of individual mind and
social mind——control. When social controls become demented,
suicidal, the individual must break from them and find his
own health. This book is a discussion of the control-busting
techniques Burroughs has explored: Scientology's E-meter,
word-subversion, violence, doing nothing, tape recorders,
apomorphine, contradictory commands. All methods of
seizing the social tools and turning them against them-
selves.
It’s important research in a critical, invisible realm. My
only carp would be Burroughs’ assumption of crafty, subtle,
efficient intellects behind society’s controls... which
describes Burroughs but hardly describes the tired men
I’ve seen earnestly coping with the top jobs in the Pentagon
and the Department of the Interior. Their main activity is
trying not to fall over their own feet.
The Job: Interviews
with William S. Burroughs
Daniel Odier
1970
$5.95 postpaid
from:
Grove Press, Inc.
80 University Place
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
A}
*
Aikido and the Dynamic Sphere
Aikido is the most recent and most brilliantly conceived of the
Japanese martial arts. A superb fighting technique, it is ’
scarcely interested in fighting——it doesn’t even have matches,
just training. You train to put your mind and body in the
same place for once——the one-point at your center of gravity.
You train to acquire and direct Ki——energy (not strength,
but coherent energy: when it’s flowing you don’t have to
move). You train to blend with your opponent and use his
energy to unhinge his attack. | find this book by two
Americans to be far more useful for learning aikido than
the numerous texts by Japanese students of the original
master Morihei Uyeshiba. The illustrations here are
profoundly better than the usual photographs. They
depict the mental image——which is the heart of aikido
technique. An editor can use aikido, a general, an actor,
a craftsman, a politician, a designer. What the body
learns and practices becomes useful in any realm.
Aikido and the Dynamic Sphere
A. Westbrook and O. Ratti
1970; 375 pp.
$8.50 postpaid
from:
Charles E. Tuttle Co.
Rutland, Vermont 05701
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Be stably centralized,
inwardly and outwardly,
in the lower abdomen!
Your own Centre must become the center of your attacker's
action as well. The Centre is not restricted in aikido, as we have
indicated, to your personal dimension. If aman attacks you, he
has lost his own point of independence and balance by the very
irrationality of that act, and you must substitute your own
Centre in an attempt to return the situation to normal. Thus he
attacks, you evade; he plunges into a vacuum, you lead and
guide him back around your own Centre and neutralize his
attack.
“‘Navigare necesse es. Vivare no es necesse.”
“It is necessary to travel. It is not necessary to live.” These words
inspired early navigators when the vast frontier of unknown seas
opened to their sails in the fifteenth century. Space is the new
frontier. \s this frontier open to youth? | quote from the London
Express, December 30, 1968: ‘If you are a fit young man under
twenty-five with lightning reflexes who fears nothing in heaven or
on the earth and has a keen appetite for adventure don’t bother
to apply for the job of astranaut.’’ They want “cool dads’ trailing
wires to the ‘better half’’ from an aqualung. Doctor Paine of the
Space Center in Houston says: ‘This flight was a triumph for the
squares of this world who aren‘t hippies and work with slide rules
and aren't ashamed to say a prayer now and then.” Is this the great
adventure of space? Are these men going to take the step into
regions literally unthinkable in verbal terms? To travel in space you
must leave the old verbal garbage behind: God talk, country talk,
mother talk, love talk. You must learn to exist with no religion no
country no allies. You must learn to live alone in silence. Anyone
who prays in space is not there.
The last frontier is being closed to youth. However there are many
roads to space. To achieve complete freedom from past conditioning
is to be in space. Techniques exist for achieving such freedom. These
techniques are being concealed and withheld. In Zhe Job | consider
techniques of discovery.
Why then does the subject when he is trying most desperately to
make a good impression make the worst impression possible?
Because he also has the goal to make a bad impression which oper-
ates on an involuntary automatic level. This self-destructive goal
is such a threat to his being that he reacts against it. He may be
conscious or partially conscious of the negative goal but he cannot
confront it directly. The negative goal forces him to react. The
Reactive Mind consists of goals so repulsive or frightening to the
subject that he compulsively reacts against them and it is precisely
this reaction that keeps these negative goals in operation.
We take karate and Aikido training in the schools scattered through
large cities of the world, our Scientology training at Scientology
centers. Other courses are provided by a network of institutes and
foundations often short-lived. The training is often interrupted.
Three months of karate then Scientology take up all my time and
just before the advanced Scientology courses | am shifted to Cairo
for an intensive course in Egyptian hieroglyphs. This center is closed
down by the government. After that there is a weapons course
financed by a rightist billionaire in East Texas where we learn to
use every weapon from a crossbow to a laser gun, a seminar in black
magic of Africa sponsored by an ethnology institute in London that
is always short of funds, a volunteer experiment in prolonged sense
withdrawal set up by the U. S. Navy which ended in a Congressional
investigation of brainwashing, a free fal! club in North Dakota, skin
diving and just when | am getting used to the aqualung we are thrown
out of Ceylon where the program is and | do a Yoga stint in Northern
India.
Control the Attack by Leading it.
Your Centre may be located almost directly beneath him or at his
side, but it is always the Centre of a dynamic circle along whose
fringes your attacker will be forced to spin without any possibility
of controlling his motions.
Ki is accumulated, in fact, in the Centre, where its full coordination
is achieved. The two concepts—-—that of the Centre and that of
intrinsic, inner, or total energy——are thus really one: —the Centre,
vitally active and ever expanding through this form of energy; the
energy, fully coordinated and stabilized in the Centre (centralized
energy). The entire body of the student seems to become a compact
source of power, without undue emphasis upon individual parts
of that body acting or performing on their own. In this context,
ki can also be qualified as ‘‘global’’ energy, ‘total extension,”’ or
“full coordination of powers.”
4a \
\
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A blow may be delivered to your head (attack no. 13, shomen uchi).
You will pivot and kneel down, so that you are facing the same
direction as your opponent. Your arm(s) will not “‘block’’ in the
sense of stopping his motion, but will be extended so as to protect
yourself. At the same time you will guide his motion (via his wrist
or even sleeve) from the inside, lead him in full, circular extension
forward and then down. This can be accomplished almost without
touching him.
There is no pulling, no dragging; it is just a smooth, simple, circular
lead, synchronized perfectly with your attacker's own movements.
It is blended dynamically with them and, therefore, almost unnoticed
until he is in flight. He falls, but yet does not know precisely how
he came to fall.
The aim of academy training is precisely decontrol of opinion, the »
students being conditioned to look: at the facts before formulating
any verbal patterns. The initial training in non-chemical methods
of expanding awareness would last at least two years. During this
period the student would be requested to refrain from all drugs
including alcohol since bodily health is essential to minimize mental
disturbance. After basic training the student would be prepared for
drug trips to reach areas difficult to explore by other means in the
present state of our knowledge.
The program proposed is essentially a disintoxication from inner
fear and inner control, a liberation of thought and energy to
prepare a new generation for the adventure of space. With such
possibilities open to them | doubt if many young people would
want the destructive drugs. Remember junk keeps you right
here in junky flesh on this earth where Boot's is open all night.
You can’t make space in an aqualung of junk.
the more people we can get working with tape recorders the more
useful experiments and extensions will turn up why not give tape
recorder parties every guest arrives with his recorder and tapes of
what he intends to say at the party recording what other recorders
say to him it is the height of rudeness not to record when addressed
directly by another tape recorder and you can’t say anything
directly have to record it first the coolest old tape worms never
talk direct
After the baptism of silence the student moves with ease in the
soundless medium but words are at his disposition when he needs
them to be used with absolute precision.
Society makes all these criminals quite deliberately, these great
concentration camps, where they dump people known as criminals.
Many of them are psychopaths, that is, they are refractory to
control. As soon as they become criminals, there will be no more
trouble from them at all. They're right in that game of cops and
robbers for life, in a concentration camp. But now they'‘ve begun
extending this concentration camp, extending it and extending it,
by making more laws and making more people criminals, if all the
laws were enforced, they'd have practically everyone in the oncen- -
tration camp, and everyone else would be necessary to guard them.
They have reached an impasse: they must either admit that the
whole thing is a farce and that laws are not meant to be enforced,
or change them, or enforce them.
Q: The Scandinavian countries are often cited as examples of
successful countries,
A: It's an easy job; it’s smaller. For example, in Denmark, they’ve
got 4 million people, who are more or less homogeneous. They
don't have a crime problem, you can’t commit a crime in Denmark,
everyone would know about it right away. They don’t have any
slums. They don’t have any underworld, no place where people
could dispose of stolen goods, they've really made crime, on any
scale, impossible there. Of course, they have a very enlightened
penal system for the people who do commit crimes, the occasional
murder, same as in Sweden. They're simply smaller, more homo-
geneous countries and it’s much easier to control the factors.
There's no poverty there, you’re not allowed to be poor. People
are not very happy, but they’re certainly well taken care of.
Q: Are they happy anywhere?
A: They're certainly happier in Spain with all the poverty than
they are in Sweden with all the prosperity and their high living
standard.
Humanitas Systems
John Holt recommended their New Math Primer, so / wrote
for it, and here came a catalog of very far out gear——a motion
sensor ($40), galvanic skin response meter ($50), random
light box ($25), radar surveillance system ($795), signal
delay device ($50), audible alpha wave sensor ($225).
Catalog
free from:
Humanitas Systems
Green Valley School, Inc.
Box 606
Orange City, Florida 32763
*
Psychophysics Labs
Another source for physical feedback and control devices.
Their skin galvanometer is $45, their alpha wave sensor
is $170. They have a shocker for $55. All prices postpaid.
, [Suggested by Alta Remail]
from:
Psychophysics Labs
31 Townsend Terrace
Framingham, Mass. 0170
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Man’s Presumptuous Brain
Dr. Simeons spent 18 years in India (had brilliant successes
with malaria there). /s that why he’s written the most
useful yoga book to originate in the West? It’s not a yoga
book, of course, it’s an investigation of psychosomatic
disease (which will probably kill you and is certainly killing
Us). Simeons’ contention is that our brains, cerebral
cortex specifically, have evolved clear out of coordination
with the rest of our nature, body especially. It is the
arrogant cortex that permits us to burn holes in our
stomachs and in each other.
The book would be worth reading just for its central
theme, but a whole lot more than just that is going on in
Simeons and in the book. Unique document.
[Suggested by Steve Baer]
Man’s Presumptuous Brain
A. T. W. Simeons, M. D.
1961; 290 pp.
$1.75 postpaid
from:
E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc
201 Park Avenue South
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Psychosomatic ailments account for the bulk of urban man’s ill-
health and are the most frequent cause of his death. Man shares
this kind of affliction with no other living creature.
The Three Pillars of Zen
This is a book for practitioners, not buffs. /t teaches you
how to sit and how to open your sitting and some of
what you are opening to. The book combines elements
from both the Soto and Rinzai sects.
The Three Pillars of Zen
Philip Kapleau, Ed.
1965, 1967; 363 pp.
$2.45 postpaid
from:
Beacon Press
25 Beacon Street
Boston, Mass 02108
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Once a man was invited to his friend’s house. As he was about to
drink a cup of wine offered him, he believed he saw a baby snake
inside his cup. Not wishing to embarrass his host by drawing
attention to it, he bravely swallowed it. Upon returning home he
felt severe pains in his stomach. Many remedies were applied but
in vain, and the man, now grievously ill, felt he was about to die.
His friend, hearing of his condition, asked him once more to his
house. Seating his sick friend in the same place, he again offered
him a cup of wine, telling him it was medicine. As the ailing man
raised his cup to drink, once again he saw a baby snake in it.
This time he drew his host's attention to it. Without a word the
host pointed to the ceiling above his guest, where a bow hung.
‘Suddenly the sick man realized that the “baby snake’’ was the
reflection of the hanging bow. Both men looked at each other
and laughed. The pain of the sick man vanished instantly and
he recovered his health.
Meditation Cushions and Mats
Traditionally designed softness for your hard edges.
Catalog
free
from:
Alaya Stitchery
455 14th Street
San Francisco, CA 94103
traditional black or brown.
do not change, we are lifeless. We =
grow and age because we are alive. 32 read her that way, opening up to an idea, reading until
i'm asleep, munching around the edges,
The evidence of our having lived is
the fact that we die. We die because 5:
Zafu. $5.95 available in 5-6" hetehite or to order. Fabric is
Zabuton (mat for added height and aase on knees) $6.95.
The reptilian brain is so organized that it must respond to all
incoming messages from the senses. On the ground these messages
lead to purposeful actions, for instance burrowing for food or
safety; but in the trees many of these actions became pointless.
A reptile’s behaviour is governed entirely by automatic reflexes.
Its actions are not subject to reason. It does not have to make a
choice between different ways of reacting. All its actions are due
to sensory messages putting an ingrained reflex into operation, and
over this process the reptile has no control.
A reptile, takirig to the trees, carried with it all the ancient reflexes
which it had acquired in millions of years on the ground. These
reflexes which the change of habitat rendered useless must have
been a terrible harassment to an already overworked reptilian
brain. In the slow course of evolution these reflexes would have
gradually changed into more suitable ones. But so desperate.
was the situation of the tree-living reptile that it would have become
extinct long before normal evolutionary trends could have brought
about a better adjustment to the new environment. Some sort of
evolutionary shortcut was needed if the species was to survive.
The shortcut was biologically evolved out of just the right mutations
occurring at this dramatic moment. It consisted of a mechanism
which blocked useless messages from the nose and thus prevented
them from reaching those centres of the brain which would have
been obliged to react to them. In the olfactory lobes a few cells
took over the function of a screening device, a sort of censorship or
filter by which incoming olfactory messages were either suppressed
or allowed to pass, according to their vital importance. This
sorting or classifying of smells relieved the reptilian brain of the
exhausting need to react to every message from the nose and thus,
in the trees, proved to be an efficient labour-saving device.
The instinct-conflicts which produce an ulcer are usually concerned with
sex or family relationships. The modern cortex refuses to admit such
conflicts and to expose them to the processes of reasoning. Guilt of
this type, therefore, continues to build up behind the censoring
screen and forces the diencephalon into the drastic action which
causes the ulcer.
This interpretation of the peptic ulcers suggests an obvious psycho-
therapeutic approach. Censorship at the level of cansciousness
must be so far relaxed that the conflicting instincts, and the
emotion of guilt which they engender, can be ushered into conscious
awareness. Thereafter the psychological situation becomes identical
with that of a person who has a guilty conscience on account of
something he knows he has done, a situation which never produces an
ulcer. If such a psychotherapeutic manoeuvre is successfully accomplished,
ulcers may heal with surprising rapidity, often in a matter of days, and
do not recur unless an entirely new guilt-provoking situation arises.
Contering
slowly, gently, carefully.
we are alive. Living means birth s: /etting come together whatever falls together,
and death. Creation anddestruc- $ centering.
tion signify life. $3 we are what is and what is——is what we are. the world is one.
e ss center us, center it. if it is centered, we are too.
Just before he passed away, at the 8
age of sixty, Bassui sat up in the ss
lotus posture and, to those gath- $8
ered around him, said: “Don’t be 3:
misied! Look directly! What is ss
this?” He repeated this loudly Hy
and then calmly died. 4
how much there is.
Lucis Trust Library
Seven Human T
Seven Rays, The . .
Seven Seventy-Seven .
Sex Worship . «
Shadow Forms .
Shri Ramakri ishna .
Signs and Symbols. .
3 pull clay around the void, transform it, use it, turn it into a pot.
m. c. richards may be just a touch too much of a poet.
[Reviewed by J. D. Smith
Suggested by Kelly Yeaton]
Because | am a potter, | take my image, centering, from the potter's
craft. A potter brings his clay into center on the potter’s wheel,
and then he gives it whatever shape he wishes. There are wide cor-
respondences to this process. Such extensions Of meaning | want
to call attention to. For centering is my theme: how we may seek
to bring universe into a personal wholeness, and into act the rich
life which moves so mysteriously and decisively in our bodies,
manifesting in speech and gesture, materializing as force in the
world the unifying energy of our perceptions.
Our studies of Eastern philosophy teach us to let go, to drop it.
To surrender our attachments, our mentation. To free ourselves
from ignorance and suffering. Our studies of Western philosophy
teach us to surrender our minds to perception. Pure thinking has
its source at the center. Thus Idealism is our Western knowledge:
to surrender reflections for the evolving forms toward which
matter is continuously casting itself, a dynamic thinking which
generates rather than mirrors. And Western empiricism, which
brings us back always sharply to the edges of a particular moment.
There is only the moment, and yet the moment is always giving
way to the next, so that there is not even Now, there is Nothing.
True, true. There is nothing, if that is the way to understanding
Here’s an unusual freebee: a mail library of magical
books. The catalog lists 1600 titles from ABC of
Jung's Psychology to Zoroastrianism: The Religion
of the Good Life. You can borrow two books at a
time for a month. Lucis is a.nice service that subsists
on contributions; it probably is fragile to exploitive use.
[Suggested by Gerald Thatcher]
raments, The. .
Seven Principles of Man, The .
Seventy-Fifth ny Book of the Theosophical
Shinto, The Unconquered
Signs and Symbols of Primordial - The
Simple Method of Raising the soul to “Contemplation The
Simple Study in
Simple Way, The ee
Simplified Scientific © € 6
One of the most remarkable things about the growth of the cortex
was the incredible acceleration of this process. While the earlier
phases took tens of millions of years to evolve, the later phases
were covered in a few hundred thousand years. It seems to be a
general law of evolution that once a trend towards a single .
successful specialization has become firmly established, the speed
with which this specialization develops gets faster and faster and
may even develop of its own accord beyond the limits of usefulness.
Meanwhile, the rest of the body continues to evolve at a slow and
steady pace, so that after a while a stage is reached in which all
the other evolutionary trends are left far behind the outstanding
specialization.
In modern man this development has already gone so far that there
are signs of an evolutionary regression in the body in favour of a still
more freakish growth of the brain. Modern man’s body no longer
reaches its full evolutionary maturity, as it did in Neanderthal
Man. Though the modern brain develops further than that of
Neanderthal Man, modern man’s body remains behind in an earlier
embryonic stage. He carries certain embryonic features on into
adult life. An example of this has already been mentioned in
connection with the distribution of human hair, but there are
many other instances. One that interests us here is the relationship
between the brain and the rest of the body.
In the light-skinned human races the development of the body is
sharply braked in the last stages of pre-natal life, while the growth
of the cortex is accelerated. There is some evidence to suggest
that the negro’s body is better adjusted to his brain. He is
physically more mature at birth, and under ideal environmental
conditions he averages a larger body. From an evolutionary point
of view this makes his brain-body ratio more balanced.
A tendency to self-destruction seems to be inherent in the over-
developed human brain. It is a situation similar to that in which a
parasite thrives so exuberantly that it destroys its host, thereby bringing
about its own undoing. As the host can survive if the parasite’s
rapacity is kept within tolerable limits, so man will survive longer if
he can release his body and his diencephalon from the cruel cortical
grip to which civilization is increasingly subjecting him.
In psychosomatic disease urban man is already paying a heavy price
for his civilization, but he now has the means substantially to reduce
the price if he will but make full use of them and realize to what
extent his cortical presumption, deluding him that he has full control
over his animal nature, prevents him from doing so. Western man
will eventually go about the solution of his most pressing biological
problems through a better understanding of psychosomatic mechanisms
and will not adopt the only alternative, which is to give the cortex
full rein; for if he did this, all his behaviour would become governed by
rigidly conditioned reflexes. His mating and breeding, his drinking and
feeding and all his many emotions would then have to conform to a
fixed pattern applying to everybody; this would be entirely contrary
to the way of life which he has so far followed.
What we call life isno more then s 3 m. ¢. richards is an east/west potterpoet and philosopher.
process of transformations. If we $ She makes ideas like tassajara porcupines make love,
Centeri
M.C. Richards
1962, 1964; 159 pp.
$2.45 postpaid
from:
Wesleyan University Press
Middletown, Conn. 06457
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Catalog
free
from:
The Lucis Trust Library
866 United Nations Plaza
Suite 566-567
New York, N. Y. 10017
Geoffrey Hodson
Annie Besant
Ernest Wood
Anonymous
Josephine Ransom
Clifford Howard
Manly Hall
Robert 0. Ballou
T. Le Vaswani
Albert Churchward
George Oliver
Francois Malaval
Michael J. Witty
W. Gorn Old
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A Yaqui Way of Knowledge
This book records the experiences of an anthropology student
who becomes the apprentice of Don Juan, a Yaqui indian “man
of knowledge” who is also a “‘diablero,” a black sorcerer. It
is a profoundly disturbing book since it opens up areas and
ideas we usually dismiss or deny. Don Juan, over a period of
five years, teaches the author a little of his knowledge. He
teaches through giving his apprentice various psycho-active
plants: peyote, datura, and a mixture of psilocybin mushrooms,
genista canariensis, and other plants. Each of these plants has
its own way of teaching, its own demands and its own kind of
power. For those of us who thought we understood psyche-
delic effects this book reveals the rudimentary state of our
knowledge. For those of us who have dismissed magic as a
combination of hypnotism and stage effects we are confronted
with powerful and effective magic which seems irrefutable.
Don Juan himself appears as a powerful, indecipherable, wise
man whose knowledge is both extensive and alien to our own.
He offers to each of us the possibility of dealing with other
realities, but he makes it clear that all these ways are danger-
ous, difficult and once entered, cannot be put aside as simply
another experience.
The goal of his teaching is partially expressed as follows:
The particular thing to learn is how to get to the crack between the
worlds and how to enter the other world. There is a crack between
the two worlds, the world of the diableros and the world of living
men. There is a place where these two worlds overlap. The crack
is there. It opens and closes like a door in the wind. To get there
a@ man must exercise his will. He must, | should say, develop an
indomitable desire for it, a single-minded dedication. But he must
do it without the help of any power or any man...
Not a book to be read for pleasure, a book which will affect
you more than you may wish to be affected.
[Reviewed by James Fadiman]
(Why not read it for pleasure? It’s frontier Boswell and
Johnson. —SB)
“Don’t get me wrong, Don Juan,” | protested. ‘| want to have an
but | also want to know everything | can. You yourself have said
that knowledge is power.”
He looked at me for along time and laughed. He said that learning
through conversation was not only a waste, but stupidity, because
learning was the most difficult task a man could undertake. He
asked me to remember the time | had tried to find my spot, and
how | wanted to find it without doing any work because ! had ex-
pected him to hand out all the information. If he had done so, he
said, | would never have learned. But, knowing how difficult it was
to find my spot and, above all, knowing that it existed, would give
me a unique sense of confidence. He said that while | remained
rooted to my ‘good spot” nothing could cause me bodily harm,
because | had the assurance that at that particular spot | was at my
very best. | had the power to shove off anything that might be
harmful to me. If, however, he had told me where it was, | would
never have had the confidence needed to claim it as true knowledge.
Thus, knowledge was indeed power. ;
Carlos Castaneda
1968; 276 pp.
$.95 postpaid
ally,
“No!” he said emphatically. “Power rests on the kind of knowledge
one holds. What is the sense of knowing things that are useless?”
Altered States of Consciousness
If you’re doing anything with meditation, dope, hypnosis,
dreams, subjective exploration of any kind, this is a useful
book. John Lilly borrowed our review copy and returned it
with particular recommendation for these articles:
A Special Inquiry with Aldous Huxley into the Natureand Milton H. Erickson
Character of Various States of Consciousness
Toward the Experimental Control of Dreaming Charles Tart
A Study of Dreams Frederik van Eeden
The “High” Dream QOuarles Tart
Mutual Hypnosis Charles Tart
The Effects of Marijuana on Consciousness Anonymous
Subjective Effects of Nitrous Oxide William James
Joseph Downing
Psychedelic Agents in Creative Problem Solving Harman, McKim,
Sroleroff
Guide to the Literature on Psychedelic Drugs Charles Tart
Kasamatsu, Hirai
Operant Control of the EEG Alpha Rhythm Joe Kamiya
and Some of Its Reported Effects on
Consciousness
Elsewhere in the CATALOG is a book called Direct Use of the
Sun’s Energy. Tart’s book is moving toward Direct Use of the
Mind’s Energy.
1. The first three to five hours are usually individual, to try to relax
and let go.
2. Spouses’ problems; usually we like spouses separate for first group
treatments. If both are present, it is better if you start in different
areas, but if you both want to be together, okay.
3. Don’t be surprised at anything you may see the therapist doing—
he knows what he is doing.
4. A person who is having trouble breaking through needs something
to resist against—the therapist may hand wrestle, or be on top and have
three to six others on top as well. The person then can exert all his
Strength to break loose.
5. Anytime you are in trouble, don’t hesitate to ask for help.
6. As people make break-through you'll hear laughing, crying,
Screaming. Don’t worry about it, or get c 5
7 Nothing is expected of you, don’t expect anything of yourself—
most people have a glorious trip.
8. Try to avoid impressing anybody—you'll have a better trip.
9. Around three to four hours after beginning, a stimulant will be
brought around to keep your energy level up.
10. Anytime you want to stop the trip, take some niacin, 500 to
— mgm at a time. Niacin is good for bad re-entry, will make it
ier.
11. During the experience, if you want to come together, touch the
other person or ask him. He may shake his head ‘no,’ or else turn anc
touch you. Dan‘t have hurt feelings, or guilt’if they don’t want to
be with you, be free to be yourselves. @
The most coherent and articulate sentence which came was this:
There are no differences but differences of degree between
different degrees of difference and no difference.
The change that then came over Bill was dramatic. He began
mumbling typical induction suggestions about relaxing, but over the
course of a few minutes his voice became dramatic and forceful. He
suggested that Anne see a diamond in her hand and concentrate on it
and then almost immediately suggested that it would disappear and
her mind would go blank. Then he very forcefully suggested physi-
cal relaxation as he counted her into hypnosis: when he reached 20
his whole manner changed and became relaxed and soothing. Anne
reported a depth of 22.
Bill then began talking about a ‘hallucinatory’ journey that he and
Anne were on together. His voice was confident, smooth, relaxed,
and completely convincing that he was describing actual events that
were happening rather than anything ‘unreal.’ They were standing on
@ mountain slope, in front of the entrance to a tunnel. They walked
hand-in-hand down this tunnel, with the explici* suggestion by Bill
that they would be going deeper into hypnosis as they walked deeper
into the dark tunnel. It was quiet in the tunnel, all outside noises had
vanished, and an ineffable feeling of pleasantness and significance
pervaded the tunnel. Anne reported a depth of 35 after a few minutes
of this, and Bill continued describing their walk down the tunnel.
The tunnel was absolutely real to Anne and Bill (and to Carol), as real
as any experience in life. Although it was dark they could ‘see’ its
walls in a strange way: Anne said it felt as if she had a ‘light’ coming
out from under her eyebrows, and “’...it wasn't illuminating anything
| was seeing, yet it helped me to know that things were there without
seeing them.” Both Ss reported feeling the texture of the rock walls,
which ranged from soft and slippery at places where it seemed moss-
covered to quite hard where the bare rock was exposed.
Anne and Carol were intensely curious as to what lay at the end of
the tunnel, the end that Bill would not let them reach. This resulted
in an interesting aftermath. About a month after this session, Anne
was a subject in a group hypnosis test. As she knew what the induc-
tion procedure was, she decided to ‘go’ back to the tunnel and explore
it as soon as she was hypnotized but before the suggestibility test
items were administered. She found herself running along the tunnel,
hurrying to reach the end before the test items. At the end of the
tunnel she found a cave, blazing with brilliant white light, and occu-
vied by an old man of angelic appearance. The room was filled with
music from an unseen source. Anne repeatedly asked him what this
experience meant: he ignored her at first, and finally told her, very
sternly, that he could not answer her question because Bill was not
with her. Anne then found herself back at the group hypnosis testing.
| asked the Ss about their perceived bodies during the experience and
found that they were curiously disembodied much of the time. They
mentioned having heads or faces but no bodies at times, and Anne
reported that they walked through each other sometimes. When Bill
commanded Anne to give him her hand so he could lead her back,
Anne reported that she had to “crawl back into my body, sort of, It
was almost as if we were moving around with just heads. When Bill
gaid give him my hand, | had to kind of conjure. up a hand.”
Anne and‘Bill read the transcripts over and were both shocked. They
had been talking about their experiences to each other for some time,
and found they had been discussing details of the experiences they had
shared for which there were no verbal stimuli on the tapes, i.e, they
felt they must have been communicating telepathically or that they
had actually been ‘in’ the nonworldly locales they had experienced.
This was frightening to both Ss, for what had seemed a lovely shared
fantasy now threatened to be something real. e
The Teachings of Don Juan: A Yaqui Way of Knowledge
Once a man has vanquished fear, he is free from it for the rest of his
life because instead of fear, he has acquired clarity of mind which
erases fear. By then a man knows his desires; he knows how to
satisfy those desires. He can anticipate the new steps of learning,
and a sharp clarity surrounds everything. The man feels that nothing
is concealed.
And thus he has encountered his second enemy: Clarity! That clarity
of mind, which is so hard to obtain, dispels fear, but also blinds.
“| say it is useless to waste your life on one path, especially if that
path has no heart.”
**But how do you know when a path has no heart, Don Juan?”’
“Before you embark on it you ask the question Does this path have a
heart? If the answer is no, you will know it, and then you must
choose another path.”
“But how will | know for sure whether a Path has a heart or not?”
“Anybody would know that. The trouble is nobody asks the question;
and when a man finally realizes that he has taken a path without a
heart the path is ready to kill him. At that point very few men can
stop to deliberate, and leave the path.”
“How should | proceed to ask the question properly, Don Juan?”
“Just ask it.”
“| mean, is there a proper method, so | would not lie to myself and
believe the answer is yes when it really is no?”
“Why would you lie?”
“Perhaps because at the moment the path is pleasant and enjoyable.”
“That is nonsense. A path without a heart is never enjoyable. You
have to work hard even to take it. On the other hand, a path with
a heart is easy; it does not make you work at liking it.”
You have the vanity to believe you live in two worlds, but that is only
your vanity. There is but one single world for us. We are men, and
must follow the world of men contentediv.
“But is this business ot the dog and me pissing on each other true?”
“It was not a dog! How many times do | have to tell you that? This
is the only way to understand it. It’s the only way! It was ‘he’ who
played with you.”
“Let's put it another way, Don Juan. What | meant to say is that if
| had tied myself to a rock with a heavy chain | would have flown
just the same, because my body had nothing to do with my flying.”
Don looked at me incredulously. “If you tie yourself to a rock,”
he said, “I’m afraid you will have to fly holding the rock with its
heavy chain.”
trom:
Ballantine Books
101 Fifth Avenue
New York, N. Y. 10003
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Wonderingly, but with outward calm, | undertook to arouse Huxley
from the trance state by accepting the partial clues given and by say-
ing in essence, ‘Wherever you are, whatever you are doing, listen
closely to what is being said, and slowly, gradually, comfortably
begin to act upon it. Feel rested and comfortable, feel a need to
establish an increasing contact with my voice, with me, with the
situation | represent, a need of returning to matters in hand with me
not so long ago, ir: the not so long ago belonging to me, and leave
behind but AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST practically everything of
importance, KNOWING BUT NOT KNOWING that it is AVAILABLE
UPON REQUEST. And now, let us see, that’s right, you are sitting
there, wide awake, rested, comfortable, and ready for discussion of
what little there
As he watched, he became annoyed with me since | was apparently
trying to talk to him, and he experienced a wave of impatience and
requested that | be silent. He turned back and noted that the infant
was growing before his eyes, was creeping, sitting, standing, toddling,
walking, playing, talking. In utter fascination he watched this grow-
ing child, sensed its subjective experiences of learning, of wanting, af
feeling. He followed it in distorted time through a multitude of
experiences as it passed from infancy to childhood to school days to
early youth to teenage. He watched the child’s physical development,
sensed its physical and subjective mental experiences, sympathized
with it, empsthized with it, rejoiced with it, thought and wondered
and learned with it. He felt as one with it, as if it were he himself ,
and he continued to watch it until finally he realized that he had
watched that infant grow to the maturity of 23 years. He stepped
closer to see what the young man was looking at, and suddenly
realized that the young man was Aldous Huxley himself, and that this
Aldous Huxley was looking at another Aldous Huxley, obviously
in his early fifties, just across the vestibule in which they both were
standing; and that he aged 52, was looking at himself, Aldous, aged
23. Then Aldous, aged 23 and Aldous aged 52, apparently realized
simultaneously that they were looking at each other and the curious
’ questions at once arose in the mind of each of them. For one the
question was, “Is that my idea of what I'll be like when | am 52?”
and, “Is that really the way | appeared when | was 23?” Each was
aware of the question in the other's mind. Each found the question
of “Extraordinarily fascinating interest’ and each tried to determine
which was the “actual reality’. and which was the “mere subjective
experience outwardly projected in hallucinatory form.”
When | have been flying in my dreams for two or three nights, then |
know that a lucid dream is at hand. And the lucid dream itself is often
initiated and accompanied ali the time by the sensation of flying.
Sometimes | feel myseif floating swiftly through wide spaces; once |
flew backwards, and once, dreaming that | was inside a cathedral, |!
flew upwards, with the immense building and all in it, at great speed.
Altered States of Consciousness
Charles Tart, ed.
1969; 575 pp.
$9.95 postpaid
from:
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
One Wiley Drive
Somerset, N. J. 08873
Western Distribution Center
1530 South Redwood Road
Salt Lake City, Utah 84104
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
|.
Castaneda
—
N
by
We ‘A Book of Readings
—
/
Plans and the Structure of Behavior
What | know is that this book and Act of Creation taught
me most of what | know about using my head.
The result of a year-long conversation by the authors in
California in 1958-59, the book discards Stimulus-Response
psychology (which never helped my head, or probably
anybody’s) and wades into cybernetics instead. The book
is cheerful, if academicky. From it the notion of being
programmed, and self-programming, emerges as a con-
venience rather than a threat. That Plans (programs)
operate hierarchically rather than single-file is clearly an
enormous saving in trouble and trivia. The constant checking
of feedback loops (called TOTE units) yields a nice
connectedness to the environment. The consideration of
contradictory or interrupted Plans gives insight into the uses
and misuses of frustration. A handy book, this, of simple
concepts for understanding the subtle realm.
[Suggested by Preston Cutler]
Plans and the Structure of Behavior pac cs
George A. Miller, Eugene Galanter, Kar! H. Pribram ay ees
1960; 226 pp. |
_, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Test
New York, N. 10017 | {
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Litt | Strike | |
|
As you brush your teeth you decide that you will answer that pile of
letters you have been neglecting. That is enough. You do_not need
to list the names of the people or to draft an out line of the contents
of the letters. You think simply that today there will be time for it
after lunch. After lunch, if you remember, you turn to the letters.
Yau take one and read it. You plan your answer. You may need to
check on some information, you dictate or type or scribble a reply,
you address an envelope, seal the folded letter, find a stamp, drop
it in a mailbox. Each of these subactivities runs off as the situation
arises—you did not need to enumerate them while you were
planning the day. All you need is the name of the activity that
you plan for that segment of the day, and from that name you
then proceed to elaborate the detailed actions involved in carrying
out the plan.
*
Meditation in Action
The Venerable Trungpa Rinpoche was some kind of a high
abbot over a district of monasteries in Tibet, so you can
expect a book of his talks to be some kind of esoteric and
too profound for us surface-dwellers.
/f it’s esoteric, he’s cleverly hidden that fact, and surface
dwellers are being sucked in from all over the map. I’ve
never seen so much good sense in so little space on the
subject of meditation. As a book, it trends toward the
very goal: singularity.
Meditation in Action
Chdgyam Trungpa
1969; 74 pp.
$2.25 postpaid
from:
Shambala Publications
2010 Seventh Street
Berkeley, CA 94710
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG MEDITATION IN ACTION
Chogyam Trungpa
The point is that whatever one is trying to learn, it is necessary to
have first hand experience, rather than learning from books or from
teachers or by merely conforming to an already established pattern.
That is what he found, and in that sense Buddha was a great revolu-
tionary in his way of thinking. He even denied the existence of
Brahma, or God, the Creator of the world. He determined to accept
nothing which he had not first discovered for himself.
... He developed the creative side of revolution, which is not
trying to get help from anyone else, but finding out for oneself.
Buddhism is perhaps the only religion which is not based on the
revelation of God nor on faith and devotion to God or gods of any
kind. This does not mean that Buddha was an atheist or a heretic.
He never argued theological or philosophical doctrines at all. He
went straight to the heart of the matter, namely, how to see the
Truth. He never wasted time in vain speculation.
If we are meditating at home and we happen to live in the middle
of the High Street, we cannot stop the traffic just because we want
peace and quiet. But we can stop ourselves, we can accept the
noise. The noise also contains silence. We must put ourselves into
it and expect nothing from outside, just as Buddha did. And we
must accept whatever situation arises. As long as we never retreat
from the situation, it will always present itself as avehicle and we
will be able to make use of it. As it is said in the Scriptures, “The
Dharma is gooc at tne beginning, the Dharma is good in the middle
and the Dharma is good at the end.”’ In other words the Dharma
never becomes out-of-date, since fundametally the situation is
always the same.
Plan. When we speak of a Plan in these pages, however, the
term will refer to a hierarchy of instructions, and the capitalization
will indicate that this special interpretation is intended. A Plan is
arty hierarchical process in the organism that can control the
order in which a sequence of operations is to be performed.
A Plan is, for an organism, essentially the same as a program for
a computer, especially if the program has the sort of hierarchical
character described above... .
Execution. We shall say that a creature is executing a particular
Pian when in fact that Plan is controlling the sequence of operations
he is carrying out. When an organism executes a Plan he proceeds
through it step by step, completing one part and then moving to the
next. The execution of a Plan need not result in overt action—
especially in man, it seems to be true that there are Plans for
collecting or transforming information, as well as Plans for guiding
actions. Although it is not actually necessary, we-assume On intuitive
grounds that only one Plan is executed at a time, although relatively
rapid alternation between Plans may be possible. An organism may—
probably does—store many Plans other than the ones it happens to be
executing at the moment.
image. The Image is all the accumulated, organized knowledge that
the organism has about itself and its world. The Image consists
of a great deal more than imagery, of course. What we have in mind
when we use this term is essentially the same kind of private repre-
sentation that other cognitive theorists have demanded. It includes
everything the organism has learned—his values as well as his facts—
organized by whatever concepts, images, or relations he has been
able to master... .
The central problem of this book is to explore the relation between
the Image and the Plan.
e
If this description of hammering is correct, we should expect the
sequence of events to run off in this order: Test nail. (Head
sticks up.) Test hammer. (Hammer is down.) Lift hammer.
Test hammer. (Hammer is up.) Test hammer. (Hammer is up.)
Strike nail. Test hammer. (Hammer is down.) Test nail. (Head
sticks up.) Test hammer. And so on, until the test of the nail
reveals that its head is flush with the surface of the work, at
which point control can be transferred elsewhere. Thus the
compound of TOTE [Test-Operate-Test-Exit] units unravels
itself simply enough into a coordinated sequence of tests and
actions, although the underlying structure that organizes and
coordinates the behavior is itself hierarchical, not sequential.
So the skilled Bodhisattva will acknowledge and accept all these
negative things. And this time he really knows that he has all
these terrible things in him, and although it is very difficult and un-
hygienic, as it were, to work on, that is the only way to start.
And then he will scatter them on the field of Bodhi. Having
studied all these concepts and negative things, when the time is
right he does not keep them any more, but scatters them and
uses them as manure. So out of these unclean things comes the
birth of the seed which is Realisation. This is how one has to
give birth.
The whole point is to cultivate the acceptance of everything, so one
should not discriminate or become involved in any kind of struggle.
That is the basic meditation technique, and it is quite simple and
direct. There should be no deliberate effort, no attempt to control
and no. attempt to be peaceful. This is why breathing is used. It is
easy to feel the breathing, and one has no need to be self-conscious
or to try and do anything. The breathing is simply available and
one should just feel that. That is the reason why technique is
important to start with. This is the primary way of starting, but
it generally continues and develops in its own way. One sometimes
finds oneself doing it slightly differently from when one first
Started, quite spontaneously. This is not classified as an advanced
technique or a beginner's technique. It simply grows and develops
gradually.
Where there is an external person, a higher Being, or the concept of
something which is separate from oneself, then we tend to think
that because there is something outside there must be something
here as well. The external phenomenon sometimes becomes such
an overwhelming thing and seems to have all sorts of seductive
or aggressive qualities, so we erect a kind of defence mechanism
against it, failing to see that that is itself a continuity of the
external thing. We try to segregate ourselves from the external,
and this creates a kind of gigantic bubble in us which consists of
nothing but air and water or, in this case, fear and the reflection
of the external thing. So this huge bubble prevents any fresh
air from coming in, and that is ‘‘I’’——the Ego. So in that
sense there is the existence of Ego, but it is in fact illusory.
Q. For meditation, would a student have to rid himself of Ego before
he started, or would this come naturally as he is studying?
A. This comes naturally, because you can’t start without Ego. And
basically Ego isn’t bad. Good and bad doesn’t really exist anywhere,
it is only a secondary thing. Ego is, in a sense, a false thing, but it
isn’t necessarily bad. You have to start with Ego, and use Ego, and
from there it gradually wears out, like a pair of shoes. But you have
to use it and wear it out thoroughly, so it is not preserved. Other-
wise, if you try to push Ego aside and start perfect, you may become
more and more perfect in a rather one-sided way, but the same
amount of imperfection is building up on the other side, just as
creating intense light creates intense darkness as well.
—Planning can be thought of as constructing a list of tests to
perform. When we have a clear Image of a desired outcome, we
can use it to provide the conditions for which we must test, and
those tests, when arranged in sequence, provide a crude strategy
for a possible Plan. (Perhaps it would be more helpful to say that
the conditions for which we must test are an Image of the desired
outcome.)
+
We see, therefore, that a person who is caught between conflicting
Plans is in a somewhat different situation from the person caught
between conflicting motives. He is almost necessarily unaware
that his Plans conflict, whereas he may be painfully conscious of
his incompatible desires. There is almost certain to be a large
penumbra of confusion surrounding the incompatible Plans;
the person seems to be deliberately frustrating himself, but cannot
discover why. He knows something is wrong, but cannot discover
what it is. The two Plans may be isolated from one another in
such a way that it never occurs to the person to contrast one with
the other.
Human institutions exist primarily for the purpose of executing
plans that their members, as individuals, would be unable or
unwilling to execute. When the plans that form their _raison d’etre
are taken away—finished, frustrated, outlawed, outgrown, completed,
whatever—the group may disband. Sometimes they may hold reunions
to swim in an ocean of emotion, but then they have become social
groups with corresponding changes in the plans they execute. But
many planless groups disappear and are never heard from again.
In this respect groups are like computers, 90 percent plan and 10
percent image. Individuals, on the other hand are about 75 percent
Image and 25 Percent Plan.
The means-ends analysis runs something like this: First, see if
you know any way to transform the given into the desired
solution. If no way is known, then try to reduce the difference
between them; find some transformation that reduces the
difference, and then apply it. Then try the first step again—
see if you know any way to transform the new version of the
given into the desired solution. If not, search again for a way to
reduce the difference, etc. Each time the difference is reduced, the
problem gets a little easier to solve.
A second very general system of heuristic used by Newell, Shaw,
and Simon consists in omitting certain details of the problem.
This usually simplifies the task and the simplified problem may be
solved by some familiar plan. The plan used to solve the simple
problem is then used as the strategy for solving the original,
complicated problem.
Perhaps the word Awareness is a little ambiguous, since it often
connotes self-consciousness or just being aware of what you are
doing, but in this case awareness is simply seeing the situation
accurately. It does not particularly mean watching yourself
speaking and acting, but rather seeing the situation as a whole,
like an aerial view of a landscape which reveals the layout of
the town and so on. So patience is related to discipline} which
in turn is connected with awareness.
One should try to develop theoretical knowledge without being
concerned with the past or the future. At first one’s theories may
be inspired by reading books, so we do not altogether dismiss
learning and studying, which are very important and can provide
a source of inspiration. But books can also become merely a
means to escape from reality; they can provide an excuse for
not really making an effort to examine things in detail for oneself.
*
Toward a General Theory of the Paranormal
The title is accurate. The book offers some conceptual
handles toward a communicable understanding of
mystical and clairvoyant experiences. It has nice
quotes from the literature.
Toward a General Theory of the Paranormal
Lawrence LeShan
1969; 112 pp.
$3.00 postpaid
from:
Parapsychology Foundation, Inc.
29 West 57th Street
New York, N. Y. 10019
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Our concern is with those aspects of whatever is out there that
constitute the individual reality (\R) of a specific individual.
must remember,’ wrote Werner Heisenberg famous
statement, ‘that what we see is not Nature, but Nature exposed
to our method of questioning.”’)
Bertrand Russell has pointed up four basic characteristics of the
IR of the mystic. These are: 1) There is a better way of gaining
information than through the senses. 2) There is unity of all
things. 3) There is no reality to time. 4) All evil is mere
appearance.
One is reminded here of the old Spanish proverb: ‘Take what you
want,” said God. ‘Take it, and pay for it.”
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“The | Ching
The | Ching, the Book of Changes, is a brilliant problem-
solving device. A problem (or ignorance) generally consists
of being caught in local cyclic thinking. To consult the
oracle, the wisdom of chance (or synchronicity, no matter),
is to step out of the cycle of no-change and address a specific
story on the nature of change. You now have an alternative
set of solutions that owe nothing but proximity to your
problem. You make the associations, you find the way out.
It’s prayer.
| can’t think of a more important and useful book than this
one. /t’s famously ancient, poetic, deep, esoteric, simple,
involving. It has been the most influential book on American
art and artists in the last 15 years.
Most people know about it. We've included it here to point
at the new smaller (unabridged) cheaper Princeton University
Press version of the classic Wilhelm-Baynes Bollingen edition.
The oracle method is still on page 721.
32. Heng/Duration
above CHEN _ The Arousing, Thunder
below SUN The Gentle, Wind
The strong trigram Chen is above, the weak trigram Sun below. This
hexagram is the inverse of the preceding one. In the latter we have
influence, here we have union as an enduring condition. The two
images are thunder and wind, which are likewise constantly paired
phenomena. The lower trigram indicates gentleness within; the upper,
movement without.
*
The King and the Corpse
| know of no better myth-telling than this, and no better
myths. You’ve got Abu Kasem’s Slippers, and then
Conn-eda and John Golden-Mouth, and four romances
from King Arthur that take deeper turns than T. H. White,
the King and the Corpse, and the prize: the ancient
Hindu Romance of the Goddess, plumbing the involuntary
creation. Collected by Heinrich Zimmer, edited by Joseph
Campbell. There’s few books with such a blend of
extravagance and intelligence, and none that come so
close to the heart of education.
[Suggested by Jim Fadiman]
That night, in the bed, Sir Gawain could not at first bring himself to
turn and face her unappetizing snout. After a little time, however,
she said to him: ‘Ah, Sir Gawain, since | have wed you, show me
your courtesy in bed. It may not be rightfully denied. If | were
fair, you would not behave this way; you are taking no heed of
wedlock. For Arthur's sake do kiss me at least; | pray you, do
this at my request. Come, let us see how quick you can bel”
The knight and loyal nephew of the king collected every bit of
his courage and kindness. “‘I will do more,” he said in all gentle-
ness, “| will do more than simply kiss, before God!"" And he
turned around to her. And he saw her to be the fairest creature
that ever he had seen without measure.
She said: ‘What is your will?”
“Ah, Jesu!" he said, “what are ye?”
“Sir, | am your wife, securely; why are ye so unkind?”
“Ah, lady, | am to blame; | did not know. You are beautiful in
my sight——whereas today you were the foulest wight my eye
had ever seen! To have you thus, my lady, pleases me well.”
And he braced her in his arms and began kissing her, and they
made great joy.
“Sir,"" she said, ‘‘my beauty will not hold. You may have me thus,
but only for half the day. And so it is a question, and you must
choose whether you would have me fair at night and foul by day
before all men’s eyes, or beautiful by day and foul at night.”
“Alas,” replied Gawain, “the choice is hard. To have you fair at
night and no more, that would grieve my heart; but if | should
decide to have you fair by day, then at night | should have a scab-
rous bed. Fain would | choose the best, yet know not what in
this world | shall say. My dear lady, let it be as you would desire
it; | rest the choice in your hand. My body and goods, my heart
and all, is yours to buy and sell; that | avow before God.”
“Ah, gramercy, courteous knight!” said the lady. “‘Mayst thou
be blessed above all knights in the world, for now | am released
from the enchantment and thou shalt have me fair and bright
both night and day.”
In the sphere of social relationships, the hexagram represents the
institution of marriage as the enduring union of the sexes. During
courtship the young man subordinates himself to the girl, but in
marriage, which is represented by the coming together of the
eldest son and the eldest daughter, the husband is the directing
and moving force outside, while the wife, inside, is gentile and
submissive.
THE JUDGMENT
DURATION. Success. No blame.
Perseverance furthers.
it furthers one to have somewhere to go.
Duration is a state whose movement is not worn down by hindrances.
It is not a state of rest, for mere standstill is regression. Duration is
rather the self-contained and therefore self-renewing movement of an
organized, firmly integrated whole, taking place in accordance with
immutable laws and beginning anew at every ending. The end is
reached by an inward movement, by inhalation, systole, contraction,
and this movement turns into a new beginning, in which the
movement is directed outward; in exhalation, diastole, expansion.
Heavenly bodies exemplify duration. They move in their fixed
orbits, and because of this their light-giving power endures. The
seasons of the year follow a fixed law of change and transformation,
hence can produce effects that endure.
So likewise the dedicated man embodies an enduring meaning in his
way of life, and thereby the world is formed. In that which gives
things their duration, we can come to understand the nature of
all beings in heaven and on earth.
THE IMAGE
Thunder and wind: the image of DURATION.
Thus the superior man stands firm
And does not change his direction.
Thunder rolls, and the wind blows; both are examples of extreme
mobility and so are seemingly the very opposite of duration, but
the laws governing their appearance and subsidence, their coming
and going, endure. In the same way the independence of the
superior man is not based on rigidity and immobility of char-
acter. He always keeps abreast of the time and changes with it.
What endures is the unswerving directive, the inner law of his
being, which determines all his actions.
Six in the fifth place means:
Giving duration to one’s character through perseverance.
This is good fortune for a woman, misfortune for a man.
A woman should follow a man her whole life long, but a man
should at all times hold to what is his duty at the given
moment. Should he persistently seek to conform to the woman, it
would be a mistake for him. Accordingly it is altogether right
for a woman to hold conservatively to tradition, but a man must
always be flexible and adaptable and allow himself to be guided
by what his duty requires of him at the moment.
Six at the top means:
Restlessness as an enduring condition brings misfortune.
ttt}
THE WING AND THE CORPSE
The ning and the Corpse
Heinrich Zimmer; Joseph 1 Campbell, ed.
1948; 338 pp.
$7.50 postpaid
from:
Princeton University Press
Princeton, N. J. 08540
BY
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The involvement of the gods in the web of their own creation,
so that they become, like Abu Kasem, the harried victims of
their creatures, entangled in nets of not quite voluntary self-
manifestation, and then mocked by. the knowing laughter of their
own externally reflected inner judge: this is the miracle of the
universe. This is the tragicomic romance of the world. The gods,
the fairy powers, are always in danger of self-enchantment. Like
the youth Narcissus, they become fixed to their own reflected
images—momentarily reluctant to pass with the passing of time,
and critically in need of the shocking, shattering blow of the
redemptive catastrophe. Man is the little world creator; God, the
great. Each, surrounded by the figments of his own mirrored depths,
knows and suffers the cosmic self-torment. And the fatal power
that enchants them both is ever the great goddess, Maya, self-
delusion, the supreme creatrix of all the worlds.
Brahma, sinking still further into the limpid darkness of his own
interior, struck a new depth: suddenly the most beautiful dark
woman sprang from his vision, and stood naked before everyone's
gaze.
She was Dawn, and she was radiant with vivid youth. Nothing like her
had yet appeared among the gods; nor would her equal ever be
seen, either among men, or in the depths of the waters in the
jeweled palaces of the serpent queens and kings. The billows of
her blue-black hair were glistening like the feathers of a peacock,
and her clearly curving, dark brows formed a bow fit for
jeweled palaces of the serpent queens and kings. The billows of
her blue-black hair were glistening like the feathers of a peacock,
and her clearly curving, dark brows formed a bow fit for the God
of Love. Her eyes, like dark lotus calyxes, had the alert, questioning
glance of the frightened gazelle; and her face, round as the moon, was
like a purple lotus blossom. Her swelling breasts with their two
dark points were enough to infatuate a saint. Trim as the shaft
of a lance stood her body, and her smooth legs were like the stretched-
out trunks of elephants. She was glowing with little delicate
pearls of perspiration. And when she found herself in the midst of
her startled audience, she stared about at them, in uncertainty,
then broke into a softly rippling laugh.
keke
The I Ching
Translated by Richard Wilhelm, Cary F. Baynes
? B.C.; 740 pp.
$5.25 postpaid
from:
Shambala Booksellers
2482 Telegraph Avenue
Berkeley, CA 94704
or
$6.00 postpaid
from:
Princeton University Press
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
or WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
There are people who live in a state of perpetual hurry without
ever attaining inner composure. Resttessness not only prevents
all thoroughness but actually becomes a danger if it is dominant
in places of authority.
The course of the world runs awry, but therewith it goes directly
to its goal. The catastrophe of the previously unforeseen is what
breaks the world progression forward, and the moment the catastrophe
has come to pass it appears to be what was intended all the while.
For it is creative in a deeper way than the planning creative spirit
supposes. It transforms the situation, forces an alteration on the
creative spirit, and throws it into a play that carries it beyond itself,
carries it, that is to say, really and properly into play, and into a
play that entrains the entirety of creation. The planner, the watcher, is
compelled to become the endurer, the sufferer. Such a metamorphosis
into the opposite, into the absolutely alien, is what throws the knots
that reticulate the net of the living whole and mesh the individual
alive into the fabric.
Shiva's visage became radiant with joy. in the presence of all
the Holy Ones he lapsed, absorbed, into introverted vision. Then
he permitted himself to sink to the floor, legs crossed, shut his
eyes, and sank into his being to the depth of the Being Sublime.
His body began to glow, so that the eyes of all the Holy Ones
present became dazzled. And the moment he reached quietude
in this-immersion, Vishnu’s Maya fell away from around him,
and his entire body burst into such a radiance that even his own
hosts were unable to bear the blast. Vishnu passed into him,
poured into him as the pure Light of Heaven, and disclosed
within Shiva’s body, to the eye of his inner contemplation, the
whole lotus-spectacle of creation and the procession of the world.
Blissful and serene, beyond the senses and their universes of
distinctions, alone and pure, beholding everything, the abstracted
one experienced within his own being the Being Supreme, that Sub-
stratum of all Unfoldments. He beheld, riveted in contemplation, how
the One Substance exfoliates into all the delectations of the world.
Shiva, bereaved, distracted, was conducted gently by his guru,
Brahma, out of the gates of the city of his life’s loss and away into
the Himalayan peaks of snow. There, walking together, the two
came upon a little lake of solitude, clear, and delightful to the
mind. Brahma perceived it first.
And seated here and there about the quiet shores were saints
and sages in absolute meditation; two or three stood bathing
in the cool crystal waters, sending ripples out across its mirroring
of the blue and immobile, high, mountain sky. Many migratory
birds, shrilly crying, were coming from all directions to flutter
down into its lotus-bordered waters—pairs of splendid ruddy geese
beautifully spreading out their great wings in exultation,
cormorants with their hooked bills, gray-winged geese, and
Siberian cranes, stalking about the shores, floating on the surface
of the lake, peering into the waters, themselves beautifully
reflected—and, occasionally, with a sudden thunderous beating of
hundreds of wings, all lifting out of the lake into the sky, to circle
in many companies, and presently return to settle, flutter, and
preen. And beneath them, in the crystalline depths,
were swimming fish of innumerable brilliant hues,
visible as they darted in and out among the lotus
stems. Lotus buds, lotus chalices, blue lotuses and
white were abundant there; and the vegetation about
the shores was luxurious and of cool shade.
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THERE ARE ALTERNATIVES.
WRITE US!
Free info; sample packet — $1.00; Mem-
bership — $10.00 (1970 membership
includes 5 directories of alternative
institutions; The Modern Utopian, a
quarterly magazine about communes;
Vision, a periodical offering hope for a
way out; A! News/etter, about people
finding a way out; etc., etc. . . .)
Send to:
ALTERNATIVES! FOUNDATION
1526 Gravenstein Highway, North
Sebastopol, Calif. 95472
Step 2. Preparation
John Muir
1969; 242 pp.
$5.50 postpaid ($5.72 in N.M.)
John Muir Publications
Box 613
Santa Fe, NM 87501
or WHOLE EARTH
CATALOG
Get all the tools & materials
needed for the procedure ...
$75 ad:
Step 3. Misc. Instructions
Get someone to read the steps
to you the first time...
Step 4.
Goof-ups
When you strip a thread,... drop
a bolt into the engine & like that,
don't freak out --- turn to Chapter
XVI, written for these contingencies.
Smile!
J
e
o
‘
PICTORIAL
DICTIONARIES
The English Duden
‘One picture is worth a thousand words.’ The
Germans believe that too, and proof is available
in The English Duden. This is a short, fat, 928
page book that includes a picture of almost
anything you can think of, and many things.
that you can’t. Most of the illustrations are
in black and white, but a number fincluding
good ones of the human body) are in color.
All are meticulously drawn and have every
single constituent carefully and accurately
labeled. The comp i of the book
is staggering. It offers, with Teutonic omni-
science, pictures showing every part of, say,
a motorcycle engine, a paper-making factory,
a handsome young lady, and the interior of a
barber shop. Dress styles, beehives, photo-
graphic laboratories, musical instruments,
Roman gods, jet aircraft; they are all here,
clearly dissected and indexed in German and
English {or French or Italian if you prefer),
with differences between British and American
usage noted. It is one of the publishing bar-
gains of the 20th Century.
[Suggested and reviewed
n- by Dr. Morton Grosser)
The same book is also available
in the following languages:
THE GERMAN DUDEN
THE FRENCH DUDEN
THE ITALIAN DUDEN
THE SPANISH DUDEN
ea. Cc. 950 pp, cloth bound
N $7.95 ppd
ADLER'S
FOREIGN BOOKS, INC.
162 Fifth Avenue
NEW YORK, N. Y. 10010
$25 ad:
wg
The Motorcycle (Moter Bicycle)
1-89 setes (solo machines), 37 the foot-rest
the side-valve (S.V.) two-cylinder four- 38 the motorcycle stud
stroke (Aa. four-cycle) motor with 39 the horn (hoover)
horizontal cylanders : the rear whee! spindie (Am. axle)
2 frame with fr 41 the motorcycle tool box (Am. teal
fuspension kin)
the front-wheel leading link the silencer (Am. muffler);
4 che telescope springing 43 the overhead valve opersting crnk:
the heck (rear) wheel winging arm 44 the waive rocker
with shaft drive and universal jomt Stam
the opposed-cylinder engine 46 the overbead camahaft
7 the cylinder head 47 the eccentric
8 the wilencer (exheust bos, 4@ the overhead valve opcrating crant
9 the induction pipe the needie roller bearing,
10 che SO the thefi overhead valve
11 the ignition key (O.H.V,) engine
12 the bub brake 51 the place showing type or modal
13 the brake lever
14 the brake cable ‘$2 the telescopic fork
15 the back ( lankage 53 che knee grip
16 the rear benke pedal (Am 54 the
47 the tyre infletor SS the motorcycle dual seat
che rear (tail) light the chain guard inspection plug.
19 the pivoted saddle with saddle cover foot-rest
20 the maker's badge; the handlebar windscreen (4m. wind
21 the overbesd-valve (O. single-
cylinder motor with dry-sump 99 the sports model ;
lubrication
‘22 the carburettor air lever
23 the dipewitch (motorcycle and sidecar)
four-stroke motor (Am. four-cyde
31 the corburene? (Am. carburstor tickle) the sidecer windscreen (Am. wind-
32 the cumbaned filter and petrol tap
(Am. gasoline shut-off valve) with
feerve
n
34 the oil tank
35 the
‘
New, revised, enlarged by CNCA-
“the ultimate in skin diving texts.”
—Skin Diver Magazine
THE NEW SCIENCE
SKIN AND
SCUBA DIVING:
Written by Council for National te -operation.
in Aquatics experts, this newly revised edition
has up-dated material on the physics and
mathematics of diving, equipment, and on the
medical examination. All the basic informa-
tion you need. A recommended text of the
National Assn. of Underwater Instructors. Now
73 illus., charts, tables; glossary;
VITA
GREEN
FARMS
WORLD'S LARGEST SOURCE
Fruits and vegetables available airfreight. Vegetables and herb seeds, Fertilizers
available via mail or truck. By ton or sack — Cavern rock potash, trace minerals,
kelp and rock phosphate.
Water purifiers, bug lites, sprouting seeds (all varieties), grains, dried fruits, nuts —
shelled and unshelled.
Natural jams and jellies from pure organic fruits and berries.
Potatoes, onions, garlic, shallots, sun chokes (Jerusalem Artichokes).
Also expert advice for small fee on farm ond gardening engineering, including gentle
rain sprinkler irrigation.
Now arranging for imported Australian organic meats and sea foods. Hope to import
canned and dried fruits and vegetables from uncontaminated Australian soil areas.
Organic gardening pamphlets and booklets. ‘What is a Balanced Soil?” —
tapes of lectures on organic gardening, seeds, fertilizers, health, nutrition, moon planting,
magnetic phenomena, frost resistance, 100% protein increases, other futuristic subjects.
In person lectures with free literature and samples.
VITA GREEN FARMS
P. 0. Box 878
Vista, California 92083
$25 ad:
GRAVELERS'
DIRECTORY:
100% ORGANIC
Rental
ONE NATION UNDERGROUND
Travelers’ Directory is the international registry of hip
travelers who enjoy meeting others everywhere, whether
around the corner or around the world. The book lists
their names, addresses, telephones, ages, interests, and offers
of hospitality to other travelers passing through.
Published annually since 1960, Travelers’ Directory is now
being published every six months to keep pace with its rapid
growth. (The number of listings has more than doubled over
the last two editions.) New listings for the forthcoming
edition are now being accepted in Directory headquarters in
New York City. ae new edition will
be sent only to those travelers lis that edition, so only
listees will know who else is listed. No extra copies are ever
printed, so none is available to anyone not listed. Each copy
of Travelers’ Directory is numbered, bears the listee’s name,
is neither transferable nor replaceable, and acts as each list-
ee’s “underground passport” to identify him to all the other:
in the book.
Listees also receive a year’s subscription to the Directory’s
own magazine, Trips, an entertaining publication written by
and for the listees themselves. |t features photo-stories
about Directory listees, articles about their travel experiences,
invitations to all listees for free weekend Directory parties
in different cities, details of the Directory’s charter flights
and conventions around the globe, plus competitions, humor,
even gossip.
Such bonuses, however, are incidental to the primary pur-
pose of Travelers’ Directory. The main reason people decide
to be listed is that they enjoy meeting others with similar
interests wherever they travel. They know they have friends
to welcome them to any city in the world where there are
Directory listees, ‘and that seems to be just about everywhere:
London, Paris, Rome, Stockholm, Bombay, Tokyo, Sydney,
you name it. Listees live in almost every major country on
every continent, as well as in such out-of-the-way spots as
the Canary Islands, the Panama Canal Zone, Hong K:
even Antarctica. One listee recently toured much of Africa,
staying with other listees in Uganda, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra
Leone, and Spanish Morocco. Although listees collectively
speak dozens of languages, every one speaks English, the
international language used throughout the Directory.
The country best represented in the current edition is the
United States, with hundreds of listings in major cities and
unpopulated areas in almost every state. Listings range
anywhere from a single address in Topanga Canyon, Calif-
ornia, to 55 addresses in New York City, so listees traveling
across America will generally have a large choice of homes
to visit at each stop. Mutual compatibility is first determined,
of course, by mail or phone.
Since a listee must submit his listing himself every time he
wants it published in the next edition, all addresses and offers
are current, and couldn't possibly be more than six months
old. No listing is ever carried over to the next edition auto-
matically. Despite that policy, many current listees have man-
aged to be listed in every edition since the first in 1960. We
must be doing something right.
Ever since then, when it was founded by underground pub-
lisher John Wilcock, Travelers’ Directory has been a non-
profit labor of love. The costs of printing and mailing the
Directory and magazine are shared by the editor and ali the
listees. Each listing is itted with a di ion of at least
U.S. $3 to defray some of the production expenses of the
editor, who receives no salary.
Those who wish to be included in—and then get a copy of—
the forthcoming edition may submit the necessary personal
data, along with up to 100 words describing their interests
and offers of hospitality. Cautious Whole Earth Catalog
readers may prefer to request further details first, as well as
back issues of Trips, typical listings, and official listing forms.
Listings and requests should be sent to:
Travelers’ Directory,
51-02 39th Avenue
Woodside, New York 11377
$25 ad: $25 ad:
y,
24 the horn (hooter) button, valve (5.V.) single-<c
25 the steenng damper
26 the paralie! brake levers movor)
2B the petrol (Am. gasoline) (63 the udecar bumper
29 the thrortle control cable
:
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LATEST STUPENDOUS EDITION’
Acceptno
Vy 4 no 4 sites
ASSOCIATION PRESS, 291 BROADWAY, N.Y.C. 1000
international underground :
“CECOCO” MOTORLESS (HYDRO-HI-LIFT) PUMP: —
electricity or attendance is necessary.
Installation of Pump
This particular pump will raise water by the power caused by means of declivity of
water current up to a height 30 times of water head; no other fuel oil engines or
It is extensively used in Japan for water
supplying into the field for irrigation, spraying, water reservoir and household
living far away in mountain and hill where no water is available and badly needed
from stream or spring.
Specification of “CeCoCo” Motorless Hydro-Hi-Lift Pump
TIGER BANG
LP
L.P.G
ELECTRONIC
IGNITION
THE
Diameter is + of D
THE
“CECOCO” BIRD & ANIMAL SCARER BANG:—
This scarer is equally effective against sparrow or any other birds, rodent rabbit, wild
boar, monkey, bear and other ravagers of paddy field, orchard and protects the field
‘crops of food such as rice, wheat, fruits, radish, sweet potatoes, vegetables, nuts, etc.
Capacity ‘minute.
1.3-13 L 2.6-23.6L 8-50L_ 11-100 30.210 L 11-100 L 30-2101,
It is a most ingenious apparatus, producing deafening reports at intervals of 3,5, 10
Type T-2 cs L-6 | Ho
Bore of Suction 4-1/2" ig ae 6” 4° 6” and 20 minutes. Price is $85.00 F.O.B. Japan.
Bore of Discharge 1° 1-1/2" | =
Water Head 0.5-4M 0.5-4M 0.5-4M 0.5-4M|1-10M 1-10M
Net Weight ' ke 50kg l00kg 180kg | 160 kg 300 kg
Ship'g Measurement 5 cft. 7 cft. 10 cft. 15 cft. 30 cft. 20cft. 40 cft.
SELF-THER APEUTIC RUBBER
Secret of Longevity. Self-Therapeutic Rubber Did Miracle
in Recovering Health——Long Years Prolonged Sciatica
Thoroughly Cured. Feel Fresh and Young
| have been suffering from Sciatica for more than 10 years, my hip was
bending, my strolling was hard. Due to my age of 86 years old, surgical
operation was not possible, and the hospital gave up medical treatment.
Then my friend, Mr. Shinzo Itoh of Kobe, gentlemen of 70 years old,
told me of his experience curing his years’ long cataract with a little
oblong-shaped rubber gadget which he applied under his head when
he slept for some time long and finally cured. — rubber gadget is GUIDE BOOK
Height, 2.1 inches X Width 1.8 inches X Length 3.4 inches weighing for Rural Cottage and Small and Medi Seale Industries
about 330 grams made of hard rubber. ge tum
| was happy in hearing the above fact and tried the gadget right away. “Providing the World with More Food and Employment.”
This summer | felt no need for my usual hot-spring treatment. | am “ $10 00 ai il
strong enough now to attend the business of the age of 86 years old BABY DUSTER $7.00 seamail 5 airmail
during my son’s absence to the South-Eastern Asia on business. Model 31—MB (See p. 39, this CATALOG)
By sleeping on the gadget placing it on the back of your body and by . . 2
pressing down the rubber heavily on all nervous muscles, where you Painted with beautiful
feel pain with your body’s weight, the rubber works very efficiently color. Small but efficient
as if massaging that particular portion and much stronger and effective .
than the usual finger-pressure-cure because of your heavy body's
pressing.
| am anxious to tell to my friends and acquaintances the advantage of duster ever built. a
using this Miracle-Rubber. The gadget consists of 2 kinds of rubber, ular for dusting gardens,
one soft for the beginning to give less pain and one hard type to cure small farms, and the
the persistent pain deep in body. It is easily portable in your satchel disinfection of livestock,
while traveling. Price is US $5.00 a set, plus parcel post registered etc. Price is $10.00
F.0.B. Japan.
REVOLUTIONAL INVENTION-
NEW TYPE RICE POLISHER
The Outstanding features and constructions of Patented “TANI” Air-cool Inversing Rice
Polisher:-
and has the super large production capacity.
2. The Polisher has two polishing cylinders; A Stage and B Stage, which revolve
inversely each other. Say, A Stage revolves anti-cleckwise for a half polishing and
B Stage clockwise for the final polishing. The inversion guarantees the unform 9.
polishing of each grains to the highest efficiency and production yield to match the
benefits of users.
3. Air-cooling is the unique mechanism of the polisher. The cooling air is blown into 10.
the polishing chamber to cool off the polishing temperature. Thus, the broken rice
yield is the smallest and the polished rice is graceful.
4. The white rice is further pearled in C Stage, where the rice bran is perfectly 1.
removed and finely ground to the beautiful rice.
5. The rice bran is automatically collected with exhaust fan and cyclon.
6. The polisher can be installed in a narrower space in spite of the super large 12
capacity,say gives the profits to produce same as the large rice mill.
1. The Polisher is of Air-cool and Revolution Inversing type firstly invented in Japan 8.
“CECOCO" Exhibition & Demonstration Farm Center
The polisher rudimentally differs in constructidns from so called Engel Ttype
Polisher. The polisher is of the type of emery roller grinding, air-cooling, revolution
inversing, which are the distinctive features. These unique mechanism guatantee the
highest efficiency, the highest production capacity, the highest producton yield, the
smallest broken rice yield as well as many other advantages which would not allow
any chasers in this ield.
The polisher is advantageously used for paddy field rice, upland rice as well
as kaoliang. Further it has an excellent performance for polishing the imported rice
and broken rice, giving a convertivn to the graceful rice with the highest production
capacity.
The polisher is precisely processed and sturdily constructed.Especially,the designing
was concentraed on the Main Shaft, which has the bearings of the highest class to
operate smoothly and soundless.
The quantity of feeding is adjusted by the Dumper set up under the Hopper in
atcordance with the hose power used. The degree of the whiteness is adjusted with
the weights located at the outlets of A and B Stages.
The lubrication on the Main Shaft must always be carefull and all the belts
sufficiently tightened. The directions of revolution are shown with the Arrow marks. HP required: 40 to 50 HP.
The suitable revolution of the Counter Shaft is 800 rpm. Production capacity: 1.500 to 2,000 kg. per hour
The polisher is driven with 40HP motor, givingthe super production capacity of F. ‘
1,500kgs. per hour. Weight: 1,500 kg.
Measurement: 200 cu. ft.
10 BO! Go.
O. BOX 8, IBARAKI CITY, OSAKA-FU, JAPAN.
:
$200 ad:
7
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;
4 -_— thet valve: q
\ Outlet port $
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f
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ice 7 ‘
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Financially we're in the black; all debts are paid. In January 69
we were doing around $2,000 of business a month. The income-outgo
figures for the last 4 months are, roughly:
Business
Someone asked the other day how a depression would affect sales of
the CATALOG. | said it would probably improve sales. As near as |
can tell, we are participating in a sub-economy that, among other
things, is not having an inflation. The effects of this sub-economy
could become more consequential even than the subculture has been.
Aquarius and its independent life-support system saving the crew when
the command module malfunctions.
That's conjecture. What we can affirm is that the present economics of
publishing favors publishing your own stuff and working with a distributor
such as Book People. An IBM Selectric Composer leases for $150 a
month. A Polaroid MP—3 to do your half-tones costs about $850——and
it’s just an in-house convenience. Printing on newsprint costs half what
book paper does. Starting the CATALOG cost about $5,000 in risk
money. By the time that was spent we knew we were going to be all
right and went $25,000 in the hole with no sleepless nights (a large
part of that figure was stock for the store).
Our growth went like this: Fall 68 CATALOG, 2,000 copies; Spring 69,
January 70 in, $63,000 : March in, $37,000
out, $39,000 out, $38,000
February in, $69,000 April in, $60,000
out, $62,000 : out, $55,000
10% of our gross income goes to Portola Institute. What's left over
either goes into improving the CATALOG operation or will be used
to start our next educational venture when the CATALOG self-
destructs in ‘71.
The costs of this CATALOG production were:
Printing $21,000 Second Printing $19,544.08
Salaries 4,300 60,000 copies 6/20/70
Mailing 1,400
Film & supplies 500
Composer 300 Third Printing $ 6,016.00
Reviews 300 15,000 copies 9/25/70
Repairs 200
Rent 100
$28.100
The figure does not include six months of research. We're printing
60,000 copies initially, which puts our unit cost at about 47¢.
One advantage we discovered in publishing our costs like this (it was
Steve Baer’s suggestion) is that it encourages lower bids from other
30,000 copies; Fall 69, 160,000 copies (30,000 still unsold). The
$1 Catalogs (Supplements) gradually worked up to printings of 35,000.
Last October we had 4,000 subscribers; this May we have 13,000.
printers. Production and printing last Fall cost $33,000 for 60,000
copies. This Spring it’s $28,100.
Honesty is the best policy.
Mount Catalog
New books in Spring 70 CATALOG.
Scrooge McDuck
can afford to order in larger quantities. It takes an average of a
month for orders to arrive. By the way, when opening accounts,
please make it clear that you're not connected with us——we've had
trouble already with publishers putting other people's accounts on
our statements, because of similarity of names.
What to sell? Depends alot on you. We do mostly books & that’s
what we know most about——also some merchandise (Ashley
Stoves, Corona corn mill, Aladdin lamps, Snugli baby carriers, etc.)
& a few magazines. A lot of the people who've written to us are
interested in health food; arts & crafts, & other trips. Selling food
requires special permits; that’s about all we know. You can often
get local arts & crafts on consignment (you pay the artist when the
item is sold), which can save you some basic stuck expense. A rule
of thumb in ordering books is that cheap paperbacks sell the most——
you can be surer of selling more of them than of the more expensive
hardbacks. The Catalog itself is our bestseller, could probably be
yours too,
Now——assuming you have some bread, or think you can get some—-
find a place. Not too high-rent, but hopefully somewhere where
people walk by alot. Don’t sign a lease until you have a friendly
lawyer check it—~—most agencies use standard forms that are designed
to screw the tenant, but you can change clauses you don’t like if
they want to rent the building. Next: apply to your town or city
for a use permit, which often takes a while to get. Without one
you can be shut down forthwith. Apply to your state for a resale
permit, same reason. Invite your local building inspector & fire
inspector to come inspect——before signing a lease, if possible.
Because——if you're in an old building, you may be required by
law to make changes in wiring, plumbing, fix leaks, etc. at your
own expense. Again this is preventative——later harassment can
come from these areas, & you have no recourse. Again, a good
friendly lawyer can be a lot of help in knowing local ordinances,
etc. Also, lots of towns are zoned so that you can only do busi-
ness in certain areas. Find out about zoning before renting.
The Quick Hard Summary.
In the September 69 Supplement, Stewart boldly invited
anyone who was thinking of opening a Whole Earth Store
to write to Hal for a quick hard summary. We've since
had many inquiries & various of our staff have written
numerous more or less quick & more or less hard summaries.
Here’s a sort of composite of all that information. We’ve
also told folks to write to the two going stores we now
know of, & they’ve been very helpful:
Whole Earth Access Co. Whole Earth Cooperative
2466 Shattuck 845 East Johnson
Berkeley, CA 94704 Madison, Wisc 53703
(415) 848-0510 (608) 256-8828
Hopefully when you start getting your building into shape & see
how much space you have, you can start ordering stock. A good
idea is to figure out how much it’s going to cost you to keep the
First, get lots of money to start with. Ideally, enough to run on for physical place & the people going for six months. Then see how
at least six months, preferably longer, & assuming whatever you make much money you have left & order your stock accordingly. You'll
during the first raunchy months will go for unforeseen expenses, which probably have already opened a checking account. If you're
there always are. A very rough minimum estimate is $10,000; it going to stock books, join the American Booksellers Association
depends a lot on how much space you want to occupy & what you —~—$25 gets you a manual of publishers with info on almost all
plan to do with it. Basic necessary expenses are: rent——often publishers——their discounts, access info, credit terms, policies,
first & last months’, plus cleaning deposit maybe——utilities——gas, etc., free advice; & so forth. You can also file a statement of your
electric, phone, water, garbage, some deposits required; insurance; credit with their affiliated group——the American Book Publishers
equipment & supplies (possibly cash register, adding machine, Council; whenever you open a new account with a publisher you
typewriters), forms, paper, notebooks, files; use permit from your just tell him your credit was established there, he looks you up,
city-—not much ($10—$50); furniture & redecorating: desks, & things are speeded up considerably. Usually publishers & suppliers
tables, chairs, shelving, display areas, signs, etc. (A lot can be done require payment in advance on your first, or first several orders——
with used stuff). If you don’t have them you'll need tools——hammers, after a while you can order, be sent an invoice, & have 30 days to
saws, etc. And paint. Salaries——possibly the largest single item, pay. The more you order at once, the better discount you get——it’s
unless people work for free, which tends to breed poverty & discontent. @ question of working up to where you're selling enough that you
OK. If you get this far——plan a gala opening for publicity——invite
Everyone & serve cheap (homade!) goodies. Word of mouth is best
advertising we've found. But you can put up posters, flyers, what-
ever. Try to get your local newspaper to do a feature on you. Smile
alot.
The Quick Hard Summary
We'd like to see a Whole Earth Store in every town. Yea!! But
before you start, be sure you're ready to do business——you will
have to hassle with publishers & suppliers, keep records, mess with
forms, numbers, paperwork. You will need a lot of human energy
~—~—someone has to do: ordering stuff, keeping track of what comes
in, selling stuff, bookkeeping, cleaning up around the joint, correspon-
dence, typing, filing, building or buying equipment, furniture, painting,
keeping track of what you have & what you need (inventory), busi-
ness with landlord & miscellaneous officials, decision-making, paying
bills & payroll, etc., etc. Our aim here is not to discourage anyone,
but to encourage open-eyedness about the prospects.
Diana Shugart
Suggestions for the WHOLE EARTH CATALOG ~
If an item suggested is intended to replace
an item already in the CATALOG, please
fill in the item to be replaced:
An item is listed in the CATALOG if it is deemed:
) 1) Useful as a tool,
2) Relevant to independent education,
3) High quality or low cost,
4) Easily available by mail.
0 | would like to write a review.
© Attached is a review of this item.
© | would recommend
Please fill in as much information as you possibly can; it helps a lot. (Namen, GEREle, Pen?
Date
to review this item.
My name '
Additional information/review:
Address
ZIP
Phone
| SUGGEST:
Title of boek or name of item: . 2
ur
Author:
Price:
Publisher or supplier:
Address:
ZIP
ife
» :
= *
= a =
:
| <4
||
Whole Earth Truck Store
A major research source of ours is the Menlo Park Whole
Earth Truck Store, which stocks most of the items in the
CATALOG. We see who’s buying what. We hear complaints
and suggestions. We try out items that might be in the
next CATALOG. We have a place where friends can come
and see what’s happening.
Hours: Monday—Saturday, 9 am - 6 pm
558 Santa Cruz Avenue, Menlo Park CA 94025
Phone: (415) 323-0313
Catalog Distribution
Book People, by agreement with the Bookworks, announces
national distribution of
THE WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
The Whole Earth Catalog is published six times a year—2 large
not completely duplicated, you can carry everything in print.
Currently available:
Spring 1969 CATALOG $4
July 1969 Supplement $1
September 1969 Supplement $1
Fall 1969 CATALOG $4
January 1970 $1 Catalog
March 1970 $1 Catalog
Spring 1970 CATALOG $3
July 1970 $1 Catalog
September 1970 $1 Catalog
Subscription Form
Send to: WHOLE EARTH CATALOG
Portola Institute
558 Santa Cruz Avenue
Menlo Park, California 94025
Amount enclosed
$11.25 O Five copies of Spring 1970 CATALOG
$ 8.00 O One year subscription: six CATALOGs, two large
U.S. and Canada
S9 surface elsewhere;
$14.60 air elsewhere.
starting issue: (1) 1969 Spring CATALOG
Check one box
only 0 1969 Fall CATALOG
(late November)
0 1970 Spring CATALOG
(late May)
$ 25 CO One year Retaining Subscription
$100 OC One year Sustaining Subscription
ones (Spring and Fall) and 4 smaller ones. As the materials are
$ 3.00 0 Oneissueof CATALOG © 1970Spring O 1969 Fall $4
Stanford University
All retail, wholesale, and library distribution is processed through
Book People; please do not direct your order to Whole Earth
Catalog Store.
TERMS:
Retail: 1—14 assorted 30%
15-up 40%
Wholesale: 100 up assorted 50%
(qualification: meet the requirements of our
certificate of wholesale endeavor)
Invoices are due net 10 EOM
Accounts 30 days overdue will not be shipped.
Credit accounts will be established through your Dun
& Bradstreet rating, new businesses are advised to
enclose their financial statement.
Returns: request label. Unauthorized returns will
be discounted at a penalty.
(Fall & Spring) and four smaller.
O 1969 July Supplement 1 1969 Sept. Supplement
0 1970 Jan. $1 Catalog © 1970 March $1 Catalog
0 1970 July $1 Catalog
p44
IF YOU CHANGE YOUR ADDRESS, PLEASE TELL US
ZIP
NOTICE TO NEW ACCOUNTS:
For immediate shipments, please enclose check to cover
order. Catalogs are $4.00 retail for Spring and Fall 69;
$3.00 for Spring 70; $1.00 retail for the others (Jan, Mar,
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Music Studies Program
3 DiaTewic Scars
The Whole Earth Catalog
2. CHAM AT 4 is one division of
Ai BEAD 64mE PORTOLA INSTITUTE, INC.
wMgeR Other present activities
ea of the Institute include
Scripps Off Campus Project Center
Now let me tell you my story once | was an
aimless iconoclast roaming the streets looking
for some way to express myself. Finally | was
at the end of the line, nothing in sight, no hope
left, despair gripped me as the neon advanced
to my tortured psyche, starving, my thwarted
genius shaking in a palsy, | collapsed on the
street before the Scripps Off Campus Project
Center (SOCP Center as it is sometimes known.)
The Reash Gane Now | am making my movie. Everything ts
steceess — fine. They have supplied me with so much film
Pr mag (UL and equipment. | run joyously about in a
Roly a. happy visionary day-dream shooting film and
( Q (G69 | friends.
em Lord Does it sound like fun? Do you want to do itt
fer The Bead G ; too? Stop bullshitting. You too can be a lux-
me. ac
); ame: a composition system urious pendant on the capitalist system and
Mar, it may get you closer, yeah closer.
for
Facts: The Scripps Off Campus Project Center
540 Santa Cruz
Menlo Park 323-5155
Jim Kerr Kay Mathews
(next to the Whole Earth Truck Store)
Big Rock Candy Mountain
. Footnote: | neglected to mention——not just
, movies. In theory it says any project. Come in
and test them. This is not science fiction.
A LEARNING TO LEARN CATALOG :
Michael Kowalsky
Learning Process
Environmental Education
Home Learning
Classroom Materials and Methods
Self-Discovery
psychosynthesis techniques, computer symbiosis,
experiential learning narratives, interaction process;
school and classroom design, environmental spreading
methods, films on schools, outdoor classrooms, games;
= toys and playthings, bioenergetics, yoga, childrearing;
classroom materials, liecester materials, cardboard
—— carpentry, teaching methods, nature labs, audio-visual
aids, the bag, the box, and the bin; gurdjteff books,
self-discovery, meditation texts, gestaltstuff, theatei
games, simulations
Descriptions, excerpts, and evaluations
BIG ROCK CANDY MOUNTAIN
PORTOLA INSTITUTE, INC
1115 Merrill Street, Menlo Park, CA 94025
Summer 1970 - $4.00
Portola Institute, Inc.
1115 Merrill Street
Menlo Park, CA
94025
PORTOLA INSTITUTE was established in 1966 as a nonprofit corporation
to encourage, organize, and conduct innovative educational projects. The
/nstitute relies for support on private foundations and public agencies, to whom
specific project proposals are submitted.
More information on Portola Institute, please.
Because Portola Institute is a private organization with no need to produce canaclaliy
profits or guarantee “success”, it can experiment with new and unusual
educational projects that would be difficult to administer within more
structured organizations. For this reason the staff and facilities of the
Institute are deliberately kept small and flexible.
Within its framework a wide variety of projects dealing with innovative
education can be created as people with ideas are able to interest people
with funds. New projects are always being considered, both within the
existing divisions and programs, and within as yet unexplored realms of the
learning experience.
.
1115 MERRILL ST.
CALIFORNIA
323-5155
\
Ortega Park Teachers Laboratory
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ae
zip
who is nothing - Hear that!
Meaning:
The stars sing
Because it’s always all right!
far you've
~ Not been near except when
You didn't know. Night's day
Was everywhere. No one is
Live Music
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